formulated food

..Additionally, the viscosity of these feedings may be unsuitable for infusion through feeding tubes...

..Our findings suggest that modulating the release of endogenous satiety factors, such as PYY, through alteration of specific diet constituents could provide a rational therapy for obesity...

..Our findings indicate that resveratrol treatment has a range of beneficial effects in mice but does not increase the longevity of ad libitum-fed animals when started midlife...

..CONCLUSIONS: Use of this soy-based meal replacement formula was effective in lowering body weight, fat mass and in reducing LDL cholesterol beyond what could be expected given the weight lost...

..Achieving significant weight loss and glycemic control in diabetic patients remains a challenging task...

..Phytoestrogens produced anxiolytic effects in both male and female Long-Evans rats. Additionally, phytoestrogens decreased body weight but increased consumption of food and/or water...

..The objective of this one-year study was to document and compare the macronutrient and micronutrient levels in the foods chosen by women following two different weight reduction interventions...

..Meal replacements for weight loss are available in the community; however, their efficacy in the longer term is not clear. This review summarizes recent evidence on the use of meal replacements as a weight loss strategy...

..Here we discuss examples of diet/genotype interactions that show a more complex mechanistic view is required and that mild dietary modifications can dramatically change the interpretation of model organism aging studies...

..The objective of this study was to assess variations of fundic tone and their relation to antroduodenal motility before, during and after nasogastric feeding supplemented or not with fibers...

..Dietary phytoestrogens, however, do not alter brain aromatase during pregnancy/lactation or perinatal development...

..These data suggest that consumption of phytoestrogens via a soy diet, significantly: (1) decreases body and prostate weight, (2) delays puberty onset, and (3) alters SDN-POA volumes during adulthood...

..The aim of this randomized, placebo-controlled crossover study was to examine the influence of formula thickened with carob (St. John's bread) bean gum on acid and nonacid GER...

..To evaluate the effectiveness of meal replacements (MRs) in weight loss interventions in premenopausal women...

..Therefore, this systematic review and meta-analysis was undertaken to address the impact of enteral nutritional support on pressure ulcer incidence and healing and a range of other clinically relevant outcome measures in this group...

..The evaluation of clinical benefits of early enteral nutrition in young dogs with haemorrhagic gastroenteritis requires further investigations...

..The aim of this systematic review was to determine the benefits of nutritional support in patients with type 1 or type 2 diabetes...

..This systematic review aims to determine the potential benefits of enteral multinutrient support (oral or tube) in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) receiving maintenance dialysis...

..Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), a common condition in women, improves with weight loss. Meal replacements in short-term weight loss and strategies for weight maintenance have not been investigated in PCOS...

..005). The apoptotic index counts were higher in groups IIa, IIb, and III than in group IV (P < 0.005). CONCLUSIONS: The addition of enriching immunonutrients to early enteral feeding helps preserve an almost normal gut mucosa...

..These alterations were associated with a reduction in the length of hospitalization and lower costs...

..The aim of this study was to investigate the roles of multivitamin preparations and peroxides on bile flow in newborn guinea pigs receiving parenteral nutrition...

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..None of the rest resumed vomiting after tube withdrawal.The above suggests that nasojejunal enteral feeding can be an effective option in hyperemesis gravidarum persisting despite intravenous fluids and antiemetic drugs...

..These results support the hypothesis that endogenous amylin plays an essential role in reducing meal size and increasing the postmeal interval of satiety...

..The aim of the study was to evaluate antroduodenal motor activity during intermittent intragastric feeding and between enteral solutions supplemented with new recommended soluble or standard insoluble fibers...

..Therefore, human study on the effects of MHN-01 on carbohydrate and lipid metabolism will be recommended to confirm whether MHN-01 may be a useful functional food for the treatment and prevention of insulin resistance...

..CONCLUSION: BMI alone is a poor indicator of outcomes after modified D2 gastrectomy for carcinoma. The role of early enteral nutrition in patients undergoing gastrectomy for cancer deserves further evaluation...

..Indications and contraindications for enteral feeding have been outlined. Basic formulas for this type of feeding have been presented with respect to specific nutrient requirements, particularly protein requirement...

..These data do not support altering nutrition support because of watery diarrhea...

..This suggests that long term nutritional supplementation, although beneficial to some patients, is unlikely to suppress inflammation and so prevent disease relapse...

..To determine whether the energy density of isocaloric nocturnal enteral feeds (NEF) influences daily nutrient intake in children...

..The investigators concluded that this effect might be related to improvement in immune function resulting from the use of immunonutrients...

..Despite appropriate enteral nutrition, many elderly patients do not reach a good metabolic outcome. Two nutrition formulas are commonly used in Israel with no evidence-based medicine to indicate preference of one over the other...

..While waiting for a viable intestinal transplantation, most of MSBR patients depend on total parenteral nutrition (TPN)...

..We studied outcomes on surgical and trauma patients receiving either a calorically dense dietary formula or a normocaloric dietary formula...

..A nonrandomized study suggested benefit from a partial elemental diet. A pilot study suggested that radiotherapy patients only tolerate oral elemental diet comprising one-third of total calories for 3 weeks...

..The balance between the potential infectious risk of BT vs. its putative beneficial effect on the maturation of neonatal immune system clearly warrants further study...

..Whenever total enteral nutrition is needed, it represents the only source of nutrients for patients. Thus, it is mandatory to ensure that high biological value proteins are included in enteral formulae...

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..An exciting dichotomy exits, forcing nutrition support specialists to make responsible choices while remaining open to new potential helpful therapeutic options...

..Although thiopurines have a proven role in maintenance therapy for Crohn's disease, an alternative therapy is needed for patients intolerant or resistant to thiopurines...

..This experimental study was undertaken to compare the effects of different enteral diets on the mucosal morphometrics of small bowel in surgically stressed rats without malnutrition..

..The aim of this study was to compare the pulmonary histopathologic effects of enteral solutions with various lipid content, after multiple aspirations in rats...

..Therefore, it is suggested that functional food which suppresses postprandial glucose level is beneficial for both stress and metabolic controls...

..Basal, P<0.05). CONCLUSION: IED seems more adapted for preserving lymphocyte function than standard diet in HI patients...

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..The objective was to examine the relationship between pre-, peri-, and postoperative specialized nutritional support with immune-modulating nutrients and postoperative morbidity in patients undergoing elective surgery...

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..This study prospectively investigated the incidence of nasogastric extubation and diarrhea in patients starting ETF on general wards and examined their effect on formula delivery...

..This study has demonstrated the relatively low energy expenditure and high body-fat content of children with severe CP and highlighted the potential risk of overfeeding with available enteral feeds administered via GT...

..Threonine and isoleucine content in the soleus and gastrocnemius were higher in ESF-fed rats than SI-fed ones. ESF improved intestinal transit. Thus, in old rats, the ESF favored nutritional status more than a standard formula...

..We planned to evaluate the effects of different enteral nutrients on the levels of serum leptin, protein and albumin changes and also to compare their effects on mucosal morphology of small intestine...

..But because only limited data are available on their nutritional status prior to supplementation, it is hard to assess whether general practitioners are prescribing these supplements appropriately...

..CONCLUSION: Enteral nutrient supplementation was shown to bring about a significant improvement in serum albumin level even in a short-term study. Use of an HP supplement was beneficial, acceptable, and inexpensive...

..Dietary fat has been suggested to determine the therapeutic effect of enteral diets in Crohn's disease...

..Isoenergetic, isovolumic, whey-based formulas of different osmolarity and fat content empty in a similar manner. Will the gastric emptying of high and low energy density whey-based formulas be similar?..

..This is attributable to decreased protein breakdown, suggesting a protein-sparing effect of high-carbohydrate feedings...

..In addition, prompt restoration of intestinal continuity is associated with lowered risk of cholestatic liver disease. Early enteral feeding after surgery is associated both with reduced duration of PN and less cholestasis...

..We therefore performed a prospective, randomized, controlled study to compare the effects of nutrient formulas differing in the amount of medium-chain triglycerides (MCT)...

..A secondary aim was to evaluate the feasibility of maintaining a diverse sample of outpatients on a long-term oral formula protocol...

..There is no consensus regarding the optimal enteral formula in patients with neonatal short bowel syndrome. The common practice in many centers is to give a semielemental diet...

..6 +/- 17.1 min vs 18.6 +/- 3.6 min; P =.051). Sixteen of 17 nurses preferred the closed system with protein flush. The results of this study were used to support expansion of the protocol change throughout the hospital...

..Enteral "elemental" formulae diminish, but only intravenous feeding avoids pancreatic stimulation. Intravenous administration impairs metabolic clearance...

..The findings were also confirmed by multivariate data analysis, where PCA revealed the overall impact of the deficiencies, and PLS regression coefficients indicated the influence on the various analytes...

..These findings suggest that oxidative damage, though probably involved, is unlikely to play a predominant role in the development of diabetic retinal microangiopathies...

..But not all of the analysed parameters as the liver and total body weights, the activities of AST and ALT in the erythrocytes, and the haematological parameters were influenced by a deficient maternal dietary vitamin B6 supply...

..The study illustrates the effect of metal-binding phenolic compounds on mineral nutrition in the rat, and the possible importance of the effects of different foods rich in these compounds on mineral absorption in man...

..Therefore, beta-carotene, canthaxanthin and especially astaxanthin inhibit the growth of mammary tumors in mice; their anti-tumor activity is also influenced by the supplemental dose...

..The purpose of this study was to determine the impact of chronic zinc deficiency (ChrZD) on T and B cell lymphopoiesis, myelopoiesis and erythropoiesis in mice...

..Moreover E2 stimulates intestinal calcium absorption probably by a direct effect on the intestine...

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..It controls many molecules important in mucosal immune integrity. This study examines effects of route (IV or enteral) and type (PN, CED, or chow) on murine intestine and lung LTbetaR expression...

..Further dose-response study concerning HOTG may be needed to confirm whether the enhancing effect of large intestine carcinogenesis exert or not...

..Based upon the preclinical data on rodents, we have initiated prevention trials in humans to determine if berries might exhibit chemopreventive effects in the esophagus...

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..These results suggest that supplemental dietary cardiac glycosides exert bidirectional effects on blood pressure regulation through actions that modulate extracellular fluid and electrolyte balance...

..Potassium deficiency was associated with a normal intracellular pH in brain and muscle. 5. Magnesium depletion and chlorothiazide treatment produce intracellular alkalosis by unknown mechanism(s)...

..05). In conclusion, both types of resistant carbohydrates increased polyp number and tumour burden and this was associated with elevated epithelial cell proliferation and crypt fission...

..It is concluded that the effects of phytase on amino acid digestibility may be mediated, in part, through a route of reduced endogenous loss...

..We hypothesised that Candida colonisation promotes food allergy, which is known to contribute to a pathogenic response in atopic dermatitis. We tested this using a recently established murine Candida colonisation model...

..Both vitamin deficiency and over-supplementation can markedly enhance polyp number and tumour burden...

..0 +/- 0.1 to 10.1 +/- 0.6 mg/g of loin tissue (P < 0.001). Flaxseed meal despite its deficiency in lysine can be included up to 150 g/kg of diets for swine and will contribute to the enrichment of the carcass with n-3 fatty acids...

..On the other hand, omega-3 PUFAs decrease plasma HDL levels compared to other fatty acids, which may suggest an effect on reverse cholesterol transport...

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..These results clearly demonstrate that the principal source of most of the inhibitors in rat urine is the diet. The results suggest that the ouabain-like inhibitor may be derived from an endogenous origin...

..Expression results imply that some genes are expressed constitutively, whereas others are highly regulated in tissues responsible for Zn homeostasis...

..Thus, the results show that 2 days of diet completely devoid of SAA have no effect on APAP metabolism or disposition in healthy humans...

..It was not obvious whether any of the additives influenced the UV-induced toxicity significantly, although, alpha-tocopherol, a known antioxidant, was the best candidate...

..The niacin-associated change in homocysteine status may be an important limiting factor in the use of this vitamin as a lipid-lowering agent...

..05) lower than nutrend, but higher than ogi. The haematological variables of rats fed with formulated food samples, commercial formula (nutrend) and traditional weaning food (ogi) were not significantly (p>0...

..DCI was neither synthesised endogenously from 2H-labelled water nor converted from [2H6]myo-inositol. DCI and pinitol in rodents appear to be derived solely from the diet...

..The potential impact of changes in sympathetic activity regulated by RPa for glucose and energy metabolism will also be examined. ..

..The effect of these epigenetic key genes will be confirmed in the in vivo model exposed to alcohol vapor chamber with alcohol exposure pattern and paradigms similar to the whole embryonic culture. ..

..The study, by examining ghrelin and other appetite-related hormones, also will enhance knowledge of the regulation of body weight following GBP. ..

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..The setting of this threshold might be derailed when alcohol is cyclically deprived. Current and future study along this line will provide information enabling us to better understanding excess drinking behavior. ..

..In addition, we will serially measure postprandial changes in appetite-regulating hormones and examine the relationships between neural and endocrine response to food consumption. ..

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..The predicted superiority of lifestyle activity is based on extensive pilot data and, if confirmed, should significantly improve the management of obesity and its associated health complications. ..

..These experiments use a monoclonal antibody produced by a hybridoma cell line which is specific for polysaccharide antigen(s) found on a high percentage of clinical isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. ..

..The new studies will test whether the trophic peptides can prevent alcohol-induced brain and facial dysmorphology as well as behavioral impairment known to occur in FAS. ..

..The effect of these epigenetic key genes will be confirmed in the in vivo model exposed to alcohol vapor chamber with alcohol exposure pattern and paradigms similar to the whole embryonic culture. ..

..This study holds promise of identifying effective weight loss methods that can be provided in primary care, at reasonable cost, by existing office personnel. ..

..These procedures will enable us to analyze the effects of the intervention on serious cardiovascular- related factors and complications, and cost-effectiveness of the intervention. ..

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..The results of this study will provide an empirical basis for making recommendations about the effectiveness of weight loss in Type 2 diabetics with OSA. ..

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..If nicotine proves successful in alleviating cognitive symptoms and in improving global outcomes along with reasonable safety, we will propose a large multicenter clinical trial. ..

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..Findings from the proposed studies could lead to the development of new therapeutic tools to treat T-cell-mediated inflammation and autoimmunity. ..

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..Findings from the proposed studies could lead to the development of new therapeutic tools to treat T-cell-mediated inflammation and autoimmunity. ..

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..These procedures will enable us to analyze the effects of the intervention on serious cardiovascular- related factors and complications, and cost-effectiveness of the intervention. ..

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..Data obtained from these pilot studies will represent a major breakthrough towards the understanding of the mechanism of the motor neuron disease and lay the foundation for more thorough investigation. ..

..3. Intake of soy isoflavones suppresses NF-KB activity in peripheral blood monocytic cells of ESRD patients, in a manner consistent with change of cytokine levels and of clinical parameters of disease. ..

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