food handling

..The need for the development and implementation of food safety education strategies to improve specific food safety behaviors is reviewed in this paper...

..sakazakii can survive for up to 12 months in infant cereals having a wide range of a(w) when storage is at temperatures simulating those to which they may be exposed during distribution, at retail, and in the home...

..However, 5- and 15-day-old turkey breast without lactate-diacetate stored aerobically for 12 days resulted in similar pathogen levels (7.3-7.7 log cfu/cm(2)), irrespective of contamination scenario...

..Therefore, steam-cooked rice cakes made from a variety of flours including mung bean flour are safe for sale for up to 1 day after storage at room temperature and are free of B. cereus toxins...

..of Ghana and to examine the association between aflatoxin levels and several socio-demographic factors and food handling and consumption practices...

..The latter was positively associated with colon cancer (RR = 1.4 for ever vs. never, 95% CI = 1.1-1.9). A possible role of cholesterol and environmental pollution in the etiology of CRC was suggested...

..The peptide fraction having antiproliferative activity was found to be composed of Ala and Phe, and its molecular weight was estimated to be 440.9 Da...

..Trials using filtered coffee demonstrated very little increase in serum cholesterol. Consumption of unfiltered, but not filtered, coffee increases serum levels of total and LDL cholesterol...

..Each chemical, sensory, and microbiological result for sea bream showed us that there was a correlation and similarity and on day 14 it was spoilt...

..The color change patterns during storage were different for the 2 groups of fish. The computer vision method was considered suitable for automated (online) quality control and grading of salmonid fillets according to color...

..and checklist were used in interviews to determine the status of the vending sites and associated food handling practices...

..Predicted results were in agreement with the experimental data. Overall, this work demonstrates that pulsed UV-light has a potential for inactivation of milk pathogens...

..9%). These findings should help in a better assessment of the potential for cross-contamination of foods during handling and also assist in developing more effective approaches to foodborne spread of norovirus infections...

..Although the most important factor affecting the fish shelf life is storage temperature, the combination of ozone pretreatment with storage at 0 degrees C appears to be a promising means of prolonging the shelf life...

..001). It appears that one of the ways acrylamide formation in French fries can be effectively controlled is by the use of raw products with low sugar (and to a lesser degree, asparagine) content...

..The most striking result was that drying at 85 degrees C doubled antioxidant activity in both cultivars, while contradictory results were found for 60 degrees C processed plums...

..In addition, HAV-contaminated food may be the source of hepatitis A for an unknown proportion of persons whose source of infection is not identified...

..9-84.7% of substrate organic matter. These results indicate that carbohydrates of various types constitute a significant proportion of plum/prune preparations and byproducts...

..In roasted malts, Maillard reaction products were responsible for the majority of the antioxidant activity...

..Although there were statistical differences between demographic groups, they are insufficient to warrant targeted educational programs...

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..When the fructose/asparagine ratio was >2 by low-temperature storage, the asparagine content, rather than the reducing sugar content, was found to be the limiting factor for acrylamide formation...

..Antioxidant decreases the frying oil oxidation, but the effectiveness of antioxidant decreases with high frying temperature. Lignan compounds in sesame oil are effective antioxidants in deep-fat frying...

..symptomatic food handlers, and the need for appropriately informing and educating food handlers regarding safe food handling procedures...

..To better document the risk factors for sporadic Campylobacter infection in France, we conducted a national case-control study from September 2002 to June 2004...

..tuberosum cultivar Snowden. Sugar profiles and relationships between specific sugars and chip color in Solanum pinnatisectum were unique among the species examined...

..Recent scientific advances offering the possibility of elucidating the consequences of microbe-MRP interactions within the gut are discussed...

..Restaurants should improve food-handling practices, ensure adequate cooking of meat and poultry, and consider purchasing poultry that has been treated to reduce Campylobacter contamination...

..Pasteurization did have a significant effect on these metabolites, and diminished total polyphenol concentration. More research is needed to elucidate the potential of soft goat's cheese as a functional food...

..These molecules are strongly associated with activation of a specific receptor called RAGE and a long-lasting exaggerated level of inflammation in the body...

..Results strongly emphasize the need for educational programs for improving knowledge and control foodborne diseases...

..Educational programs and the counseling efforts of physicians, particularly focused to less educated subjects, are greatly needed...

..For instance, workers sometimes denied infection or illness for a variety of reasons, but subsequent investigation provided evidence of infection...

..Overall, except in persons with compromised organ function, e. g., vascular, hepatic, or renal diseases, there is little evidence that food ALEs will have any significant pathological effects...

..The marked increase in consumption of fresh, unfrozen poultry in Denmark during the 1990s likely contributed substantially to the increasing incidence of human campylobacteriosis in this period...

..Most of the personnel had positive attitudes, but disparity between attitude and practice was noted. CONCLUSION: There is a dire need for education and increased awareness among food service staff regarding safe food handling practices.

..We suggest that dedication of limited resources toward such preventive strategies as education is a practical and cost-effective option for health care facilities...

..These results suggest that the activity of vacuolar acid invertase is related to the types of changes that occurred in sugar content during low-temperature storage among the potato cultivars...

..Food processing and additives can be posited as a man made cause of the increase in both forms of diabetes. This hypothesis does not exclude other environmental agents which meet the above three criteria...

..Results suggest that public education campaigns have been effective in reaching those at greatest risk, although some high-risk behavior continues...

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..Together with previous evidence from diabetics and renal failure patients, these data suggest that dietary AGEs may play an important role in the causation of chronic diseases associated with underlying inflammation...

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..CONCLUSIONS: The results indicate that diet can be a significant environmental source of AGEs, which may constitute a chronic risk factor for cardiovascular and kidney damage...

..The inclusion of contaminated green onions in large batches that were served to all customers contributed to the size of the outbreak...

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OBJECTIVES: Unsanitary food handling is a major public health hazard...

..Interlaboratory validation data (comparison with gas chromatography mass spectrometry, 25 to 2000 microg kg(-1)) showed excellent results (r2 = 0.998)...

..To investigate the microbial quality of foods sold on streets of Accra and factors predisposing to their contamination...

..Numerous products based on soybean are available and various food technologies are applied for their production. The allergenicity of natural soybean may be modified by these treatments...

..This will be an important task for the primary health care system aiming at "health for all"...

..The findings indicate that educating vendors in safe food handling is evidently insufficient...

..These results indicate that the recovery of carrier with enteropathogen from food handlars is significant as preventive measures or food hygiene...

..Educational programmes based on the hazard-analysis-critical-control-point approach, taking into consideration also sociocultural factors, should be integrated into all national infant feeding or food and nutrition programmes...

..CONCLUSION: Full implementation of the HACCP system and infection control policies in hospital food services is needed...

..Factors influencing the purchase of meat from an approved source included the proximity of a chop bar to a slaughter facility, the conduct of meat inspection personnel and affordable user fees...

..To ensure maximum health benefits, water projects should as a rule be accompanied by other interventions...

..06-4.95), and the absence of piped water at home (OR = 2.70, 95% CI = 1.63-4.46) remained as risk factors. As control measures we recommend stricter implementation of the food sanitation code and the licensing of street food vendors...

..From these results, the processes of maturation and curing, in conjunction with roasting, may be associated with allergenicity, suggesting that these processes may lead to changes in the allergenic properties of peanuts...

..Therefore, if contamination has occurred before purchase, there will always be a risk of infection from consumption of the food...

..Public health interventions to reduce transmission of foodborne illness should focus on general hygienic measures in street food trade, i.e. hand washing with soap, adequate food-handling hygiene, and frequent renewal of dishwater...

..Education of caterers includes advice to obtain eggs and other products from reputable and identifiable suppliers...

..From the results obtained it can concluded that antimicrobial packaging can improve the safety of sliced cooked ham by delaying and reducing the growth of L. monocytogenes...

..Processors may thus need to consider supplemental measures, such as raw material specifications and a final heating step, to enhance the lethality of the overall manufacturing process...

..These responses all contribute to the enhanced survival of acid-adapted S. typhimurium in the lactic fermented milk products observed in the present study...

..coli O157:H7 can be controlled and, therefore, Ergo can be a potential health hazard if prepared from milk contaminated with E. coli O157:H7...

..Portions of reconstituted infant formula not fed to infants should be stored at < or = 4 degrees C, a temperature at which E. sakazakii will not grow...

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..These results should be useful in risk assessments and for the establishment of "sell by" and "consume by" date labels for refrigerated ready-to-eat meat products...

..The conditions under which the models may be applied to estimate the growth of L. monocytogenes in both salads were identified...

..pseudomonads, Enterobacteriaceae and yeasts. Chemical data revealed that pH, ammonia, glucose and lactate examinations might not be useful for monitoring eel quality differences...

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..Neither time nor chitosan concentration had a significant effect on the growth of V. vulnificus during storage. All treatments were similar in inhibiting V. vulnificus growth...

..For raspberries, 3.55- and 3.75-log reductions were achieved for Salmonella and E. coli O157:H7, respectively. These results indicate that gaseous ozone should be a useful treatment for decontamination of small fruits...

..on whole cantaloupes will reduce subsequent transfer of these microbes to fresh-cut pieces and enhance the microbial quality of the fresh-cut product...

..However, sensitivity analysis applied to the uncertainty parameters revealed that prevalence at retail was the most important source of uncertainty in the model...

..3-4 days for samples containing 0.1% oregano oil, 2-3 days for samples under MAP and 5-6 days for samples under MAP containing 0.1% of oregano oil was attained. Thus oregano oil and MAP exhibited an additive preservation effect...

..Our results also indicate that if Korean consumers wish to safely store kimbab for 5 h at ambient temperature, S. aureus concentration should not exceed 1 CFU/g at the time of preparation...

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..Although each of the tested formulations caused death of the inoculated pathogens, none of the death rates was sufficiently rapid to ensure safety within the probable shelf life of the product...

..This study provides direction for future sampling or surveillance programs that include enumeration of Listeria on retail food...

..It appears that total viable counts have minor significance in the sensory assessment of maatjes herring...

..However, a large experimental variability was found, possibly associated with the high variability of the initial levels of microbial populations on broccoli at harvest...

..These results suggest that the concentration of spoilage microflora present on the original processed meat may have a slight impact on the growth of L. monocytogenes in the package...

..21% citric acid. Results suggest that blanching carrot slices, particularly blanching in 0.21% citric acid, before drying should enhance inactivation of Salmonella during home-type dehydration and storage...

..Washing with water (sparging with air as control) resulted in reductions of approximately 1 log CFU/g. The results presented here indicate that aqueous ozone may be useful as a decontaminant for small fruits...

..Because contamination risk increases significantly with the use of powdered formulas, sterile liquid formulas should be considered when possible to minimize risk of microbial exposure in the neonatal intensive care unit population...

..05). These results indicate that prior heat shock significantly increases the barotolerance of L. monocytogenes and that de novo protein synthesis during heat shock is required for this enhanced barotolerance...

..Our results suggested that hot water pasteurization of whole cantaloupes frequently resulted in lower TPCs of fresh-cut fruit during storage and did not negatively affect quality of fresh-cut cantaloupes...

..These data may be used to supplement existing information for use in future risk assessments...

..Suggestions on relationships between chemical composition and biological activities of EOs are outlined...

..Therefore, spraying frankfurters with a mixture of LA and SLS may be a useful antilisterial alternative treatment for ready-to-eat meat and poultry products...

..5 h also satisfied the U.S. Food Safety and Inspection Service standard of identity (moisture-to-protein ratio < or = 0.75:1) and/or shelf-stability (water activity < or = 0.8) requirements for jerky...

..The value of ASC is as a decontaminant; however, fillets in this study had low psychrotrophic counts pretreatment (2.3 log CFU/cm2) and posttreatment (2.03 log CFU/cm2), which did not demonstrate ASC's effectiveness as a decontaminant...

..This research demonstrates that DPCD has potential as a pasteurization technology for application to leafy green vegetables, although issues with discoloration and other quality measures will need more extensive evaluations...

..8) and during fermented sausage (pH 4.9) manufacture. Reactions observed help to explain reduction in antimicrobial potency of AIT in food (meat) systems...

..05). The results suggest that CL coating on hard-boiled eggs can control the growth of S. Enteritidis and reduce undesirable changes in the interior quality of eggs...

..typhimurium (> or =5.23 log(10)CFU/g reduction), and E. coli O157:H7 (3.48 log(10)CFU/g reduction). In summary, soudjouk-style sausage does not provide a favorable environment for outgrowth/survival of these three pathogens...

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..Vagal sensory fibers are particularly important in relaying satiety signals from the food handling viscera to the brain and therefore play an important role in the control of meal size and possibly overall ..

..Therefore, sensitive measurements of water supplies and food handling processes for fecal microorganism are of great value in identifying dangerous human fecal contamination and ..

..This supports the National Center for Minority Health and Health Disparities mission to "reduce and ultimately eliminate health disparities." ..

..This supports the National Center for Minority Health and Health Disparities mission to "reduce and ultimately eliminate health disparities." ..

..The project addresses a number of areas of expressed interest to NIOSH including construction workers, back disorders, surveillance methods and health services research. ..

..Education will also be targeted to medical providers in this geographic area on work exposures and conditions, exposure response, prevention, basic epidemiology, and ergonomics. ..

..The proposed work addresses several NIOSH priority areas including health care workers, back injuries, and intervention effectiveness research. ..

..The proposed work addresses several NIOSH priority areas including health care workers, back injuries, and intervention effectiveness research. ..

..For youth with diabetes, we will use our wealth of demographic and psychosocial data to predict contact with the health care system and to identify youth who are at risk for leaving the health care system prematurely. ..

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..These studies should produce new insights into altered stem cell maturation in BPH, PIN and carcinoma, and may provide new molecular targets for diagnosis, prognosis and treatment of prostate cancer. ..

..The long-term benefit of this research project is the development of new medicines to treat patients with Chagas disease. ..

..Data obtained from these pilot studies will represent a major breakthrough towards the understanding of the mechanism of the motor neuron disease and lay the foundation for more thorough investigation. ..

..Finally, new emphasis would be focused on finding the cause of chronic inflammation in the prostate with an aim towards its eradication. ..

..Hypoallergenic mutants will be produced and tested for IgE antibody binding and T cell proliferation, and the information obtained will facilitate a rational design of allergy vaccines. ..

..AIM 7. Develop a unified learning community through design, implementation, and evaluation of training and educational activities to meet the needs of academic and community partners. ..

..Adherence to treatment and long-term follow-up will be assessed over the same period of time...

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..These studies will further our understanding into the mechanisms of the development and progression of human liver cancer with potential application to prevention and therapy. ..

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..These data are critical for the development of effective strategies for weight management that incorporate the influence of portion size on energy intake. ..

..Glycosylated hemoglobin, insulin concentrations, 24-hour urinary albumin, body weight, blood pressure, serum lipids, and related cardiovascular risk factors will be measured at baseline, 22 weeks, and 74 weeks. ..