waste management

..Solid waste management offers opportunities to improve profits by conserving resources and improving environmental performance...

..After 3 months of natural ageing only the upper 4 cm underwent a significant carbonation, while after one week of accelerated carbonation the total sample was carbonated. A model was developed to predict these experimental results...

..This review aims at investigating the role of health inequalities and inequities in waste management.

..The mean percentage composition of the waste was found in the following decreasing order: general waste (60.74%)>medical waste (30.32%)>sharps (8.94%). The mean generation rates were found to be 0.60kg per patient per day...

..Infrared spectra of freeze-dried leachate from untreated and aerated landfill material prove the effect of the aerobic treatment during 10 weeks in laboratory-scale experiments...

..of, and turnover of manufacturers and suppliers, may see local councils assuming a key role in future e-waste management. A survey of local councils across Australia was undertaken to determine the current level of understanding ..

..As a result, alternative waste management practices are currently being implemented, including incineration and pelletization of waste...

..For each of the sites in this study, some of the analyses were limited by sparseness or ambiguity in the data sets...

..Waste minimization and recycling, control of toxic air emissions at medical waste incinerators, and alternative treatment methods to incineration are regarded to be the major challenges in the future...

..A part of slurry could be replaced with food-industrial side products. Whey waste suited better for co-composting than jam waste but the mixture of whey, jam waste, and slurry was optimal for composting...

..There is some urgency, as the quantity of plastics produced in the first 10 years of the current century is likely to approach the quantity produced in the entire century that preceded...

Different methods of waste management emit a large number of substances, most in small quantities and at extremely low levels...

..It is recommended that the guidelines be revised and attempts made to identify ways of reducing the time needed to ensure the die-off of helminth eggs, including the use of pH regulators, such as an increased use of lime in the latrines...

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This paper discusses waste management in the UK and its relationship with health...

In the past decade, we studied occupational bioaerosol exposures in various sites of the waste management chain...

..This paper discusses the potential impacts of biodegradable packaging materials and their waste management, particularly via composting...

..review, the paper calls attention to public and occupational health problems related to poor municipal solid waste management resulting from a development model that views environmental protection, public health, and workers' health as ..

..These results showed that impacts of ethanol were not as severe as anticipated and imply that ethanol may mitigate the toxicity of TCE to the microorganisms...

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The efficiency of providing a waste management system in the coastal part of Croatia consisting of four Dalmatian counties has been modelled...

..to the general information of the institution, administrative information, information regarding Health Waste Management personnel and a check-list of Hospital Waste Management activities...

..3-93.2%, 7.9-54.9% to total toxicity in Wuli River and Lianshan River, respectively, followed by Cd. In Cishan River, Cd is the major sediment toxicity contributor, however, accounting for 63.2-66.9% of total toxicity...

The primary objective of this study was to assist waste management researchers, decision-makers and waste managers at national, regional and local levels, in their decision-making processes, with most recent valuations on the ..

..The data reveals that vermicomposting (using E. foetida) is a suitable technology for the decomposition of different types of organic wastes (domestic as well as industrial) into value-added material...

..Total S in the composts decreased with time and both the aerobic methods showed more reductions than pit and vermicomposting methods...

..By using these optimized recovery processes with optimized C:N ratio 10, the maximum product recovery was observed to be 62.3% (w/w). The results are presented and discussed in this paper...

..These results support the PMF method as a potential innovative alternative for measuring groundwater and contaminant fluxes in screened wells...

..The procedures of evaluation have been proposed in the performance criteria to be included in the proposed decision-making process of ash utilization...

..The concentrations of Ca in the ash layer indicated an ongoing hardening, which is important for the leaching rate and the strength of the road construction...

..The socio-economic environment will have a positive impact from the proposed project. An Environmental Management Plan was prepared which includes the mitigation measures for improving the eco-profile of the study area...

..Recirculation also could enhance waste degradation and stabilization and improve the efficiency of landfill. This study confirmed that leachate recirculation was a very feasible way for on-site landfill leachate treatment in cold areas...

..Leachate from the study site appears to form as a result of a series of complex chemical reactions including fluctuating oxidized and reduced conditions...

..Furthermore, TN and TP removals in waste were higher in reactors containing industrial sludge compared to control. The toxicity test results showed that toxicity was observed in reactors containing industrial mixed sludge...

..Secondary settlements in bioreactor landfills were found to vary exponentially with time...

..Solid waste management in Nablus city was badly affected by these conditions, and this situation is negatively affecting health and ..

..Cement products conformed to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) of Type II Portland cement with one exception, the setting time of the clinker was much longer...

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..The side slope was not found to be a significant factor for manually planted species, but turned out to be crucial for hydroseeded varieties...

..Our findings indicate that more aluminium and uncoloured polyethylene terephthalate is discarded in the warmest months of the year, probably due to a greater consumption of canned and bottled drinks...

..The leaching data from sequential leach tests on monolithic specimens were successfully elaborated with a pseudo-diffusional model including a chemical retardation factor related to the partial dissolution of contaminant...

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..The disposal sites have got tremendous potential of spreading the epidemics/diseases to the people living in their immediate vicinity and at nearby places...

..The combined data helped managers during remediation, directing excavation and allowing waste to be classified for treatment and disposal before its return to Australia...

..of urban sustainable development have been introduced in recent years and some of these such as integrated waste management have been proved to be of particular value...

..Leachability studies on solidified bricks were carried out to determine the metal fixation and dissolved organic (as COD) concentration in the leachate...

..Pore structure depends on relative quantity of the constituents, cement hydration products and their reaction products with admixtures. Carbonation and additives can lead to strength improvement in waste-binder matrix...

..Dominant leaching mechanism was surface wash off in the initial stages followed by diffusion for Pb, Zn, Cu, Fe and Mn. Diffusion coefficient was above 11.5 indicating low mobility in the cement matrix...

..Iteration of the model for 200 h following recommendations derived from the preceding results produced an increase in saturation of 60% (5 ml O2 L(-1)), which suggested an improvement of the environmental conditions...

..To examine methods of removing hazardous metals which may well remain in carbonized wood wastes, we investigated the removal and recovery of copper from charcoal with a high copper content by applying electricity (direct current) to it...

Today, over-consumption, pollution and resource depletion threaten sustainability. Waste management policies frequently fail to reduce consumption, prevent pollution, conserve resources and foster sustainable products...

..Enzymes also help to maintain an unpolluted environment through their use in waste management. Recombinant DNA technology, protein engineering, and rational enzyme design are the emerging areas of ..

..Tobacco model points out that ashes present two beneficial actions as they do not only neutralize lead toxicity but also act as a fertilizer...

..However, these parameters were significantly decreased 3 months later. This effect is probably due to dilution of pollutants because of the increased level of water in the Guarapiranga...

..This paper summarises an overview of these issues...

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..Depending on local market prices for investment, operating and sludge disposal costs, this technology may therefore lead to important savings in the sludge management process...

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..The calibrated model enabled the study team to develop resource and waste management scenarios forecasting waste flows...

..The main results and experiences are discussed and evaluated with respect to bottom ash upgrading and utilization. Based on this discussion, development needs and potential management strategies are identified...

..However, these processes reduce the efficiency in terms of energy, cost and availability. A new oxygen-enriched waste-to-energy system is under development in order to better achieve the required inert ash quality...

..Co-digestion with other waste, adaptation of microorganisms to inhibitory substances, and incorporation of methods to remove or counteract toxicants before anaerobic digestion can significantly improve the waste treatment efficiency...

..08, 0.04, 0,16 and 0.11 for the four mixtures being equal to, or below the maximum value established as a maturity index in other materials...

..The aim is to optimise the different process steps of the Closed Cycle Construction process on a laboratory scale, and then to verify them on a large scale. The results of the project are promising, so far...

..Sources and implications for the material recycling and thermal recovery approaches are discussed in detail...

..The leached solutions have a non-toxic effect. The mild remediation by addition of sludge has moreover a lasting effect...

..A material and mass balance for the laboratory system has demonstrated that approximately 12% of the Pb can be removed in the form of concentrate with 12% Pb content...

..The Leachability Index indicates that cement-based waste forms with rFA replacement were effective in reducing the mobility of heavy metals...

..A 100% detection efficiency was also attained by an eight-well network with no cutoff wall, at approximately one-third the cost of the most efficient wall-augmented network...

..The analytical results (mainly by mass and IR spectroscopy) suggest that PEG has an essential role on promoting the dehalogenation reaction by acting as a phase transfer agent as well as a source of hydride...

..Significant efforts have been made recently to develop new technologies to manage biosolids and make useful products from them. In this paper, we provide a review of the technologies in biosolids management...

..Although additional factors must be considered when selecting a sludge treatment and end-use scheme, this study highlights how a systems approach to planning can contribute significantly to improving overall environmental sustainability...

..The present paper describes the hazard potential of energetic materials and associated hazardous chemicals. It also deals with global technological status for remedial measures of hazardous chemicals along with their merits and demerits...

Life-cycle assessment (LCA) models are becoming the principal decision support tools of waste management systems...

..Ferrous scrap from compost plants has a high tin content, which negatively affects its recycling. Cleaning and detinning processes are required prior to recycling...

..In a 28 l reactor scale-up experiment using 1% oil, 20% food waste and 79% soil, removal efficiencies of petroleum hydrocarbons and food waste after 15 days were 79% and 77%, respectively...

..It decreases the pH from 11.8 to 8.2 and causes Pb, Cr and Cd leaching to decrease. This process could reduce incinerator CO2 emissions by 0.5-1%...

..3 MPa. In addition, only trace amounts of heavy metals were detected, making the LWA non-hazardous for construction use...

..According to European directive 1999/31/CEE, soluble Cr(VI) in the fly ashes studied would be unlikely to pose an environmental or health risk when the ash is disposed of...

..exchanged results and shared experiences at the symposium on "The International Health Policy and Medical Waste Management Research in Asian Region"...

..Animal protein production is mostly neglected because of the tremendous waste management problems with tetrapods under reduced weightlessness...

..waste and provide public health, environmental protection, and sustainable development co-benefits, existing waste management practices can provide effective mitigation of GHG emissions from this sector...

..Topkaya, B., Zeren, B.A., Kiliç, M., et al., 2004. Integrated Health-care Waste Management in Istanbul, Final Report of the LIFE00 TCY/TR/054 Project, Turkish National Committee on Solid Wastes, ..

..were previously classified, without verification, as dangerous and it is now necessary to question the justice of the present classification under the new legislation for waste management (Waste Law No. 223/2001) in the Slovak Republic.

A holistic evaluation of a country's hazardous waste management (HWM) practices is useful in identifying the necessary actions to focus on...

..and supplies, the elaboration and wide distribution of national guidelines on injection safety and safe waste management, a behaviour change and communication campaign targeting the general public, and comprehensive training of ..

The KBS-3 underground nuclear waste repository concept designed by the Swedish Nuclear Fuel and Waste Management Co...

..With this, ANZECC established the Scheduled Waste Management Group comprising government officials, and the National Advisory Body (NAB) made up of stakeholders...

..and/or microbial loading from mismanaged land application of organic fertilizers is forcing changes in animal waste management. Currently, it is not clear to what extent different rates of poultry litter impact soil microbial ..

Urban waste collection system is a pivotal component of all waste management schemes around the world...

..waste disposal system consists of the following seven components: (1) an all-weather steel enclosure of the waste management system, allowing it to be used inside or outside of the hospital center; (2) an automatic mechanical lift-and-..

This study investigated the dental waste management practices and safety measures implemented by dentists in the Nablus district, Palestine...

For the economy of any co-firing process, it is important that the common waste management options of ash remain practical. Ash from bituminous coal combustion is typically handed to the construction industry...

The experiences and practices of household waste management of people in a barangay (village) in Manila, Philippines are documented. The data were gathered through an interview with household members using open-ended questions...

..Healthcare waste management is an integral part of healthcare services, and can create harm through inadequate waste management; thus ..

..studies, although many more LCAs evaluate the effects of varying model parameters by increasing the number of waste management scenarios...

..on a comparative synthesis and analysis of recent nationwide surveys and studies pertaining to industrial-waste management. Characterisation of solid and liquid industrial wastes generated, including hazardous wastes, is presented ..

To investigate the greenhouse gases emissions from the feeding and waste management of livestock and poultry, methane and nitrous oxide emissions were estimated from the local measurement and IPCC guidelines during 1990-2000 in Taiwan...

In celebration of the 100th anniversary of the Air & Waste Management Association, this review examines the history of air quality management (AQM) in the United States over the last century, with an emphasis on the ambient standards ..

..In addition, this can be proposed as an alternative waste management practice.

On 14 October 2005, the Croatian Parliament adopted the National Strategy of Waste Management pursuant to Article 8 of the Waste Act...

..Students also select electives from the other disciplines within the department such as hazardous waste management, risk assessment, and principles of safety. Doctoral students, ...

..livestock operations, including information about the size, type of animals, geographic location, and waste management practices...

..5) install a security system to protect research animals and studies; and 6) purchase two laminar flow animal waste management stations to prevent occupational exposure to animal allergens...

..low concentrated areas (offices and residential buildings) and highly concentrated areas (agriculture and waste management facilities)...

..for Health and Safety Training (CCCHST) serving Department of Energy (DOE) environmental restoration and waste management sites across the United States...

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..Our studies support the hypothesis that soil and soil microparticles bind to prion protein (PrPSc) enhancing disease transmission for scrapie and CWD. ..

..Using neural tube defects as a prototype health endpoint, we will develop a generalized framework for applying these methods to a wide variety of health endpoints, including autism, asthma, ADHD, and obesity. ..