commodification

..Trauma has become not simply a story of pain and its treatment, but a host of sub-stories involving the commodification of altruism, the justification of violence and revenge, the entry point into "true experience," and ..

..In the case of live donations, Bodyworlds has a duty to participate in the medical care of needy donors. However, secrecy with regard to the source of cadavers seems to be the most troublesome aspect of Bodyworlds...

..poliical economic frameworks that consider "the body" in sex tourism in Marxists terms of "commodification" and "alienation...

..against giving compensation stand on weak rational grounds: (1) the charge that compensation fosters "commodification" has neither been specific enough to account for different types of monetary transactions nor ..

..This paper critically assesses one type of argument for this, and similar, legal prohibitions: commodification arguments. Firstly, the term 'commodification' is analysed...

..There is an urgent need in Viet Nam for policy and practice guidelines on the appropriate use of ultrasonography in pregnancy and how best to combine it with essential antenatal care, and information dissemination to women...

The human body--and its parts--has long been a target for commodification within myriad cultural settings...

One effect of late capitalism--the commodification of practically everything--is to knock down the Chinese walls between the natural and productive realms, to use a Marxist framework...

..This often leads to the export of human tissue (defined broadly) from the developing to the developed world for analysis. These practices raise a number of important ethical issues that require attention...

..Financial compensation to egg donors for their time and inconvenience in donating is established in the United States as ethically and legally acceptable. That system should be extended to egg donation for research...

..When law negotiates a balance between the reproductive norms of responsibilities and rights, it demonstrates how particular legal forms manage the interaction of different sets of social relations, such as reproduction and exchange...

In this essay I explore two arguments against commercial surrogacy, based on commodification and exploitation respectively...

..Further, comparisons of these projects illuminate three areas ripe for reframing--informed consent, expert ethical oversight, and commercial benefits. Four avenues of reform are suggested...

..By not acknowledging and embracing their intellectual roots, neoconservatives are left with a deeply ambivalent and often confused view of biotechnology and the society that gives rise to it...

..quot; 'Componentation' of the human body represents a preliminary step toward commodification of the human body...

..Ethics in transplantation represent a continuous search for defining what is acceptable...

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..Property, in contrast, by connoting commodification, disaggregation, and arms-length dealings, can negatively affect the self and harm these relationships...

..Umbilical cord blood biobanking will be used as a case to investigate these roles and functions...

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..On the contrary, such laws might be argued to be demeaning...

..Of special concern is the medicalized commodification of donor bodies, a process that shapes both their social worth and emotional value...

..The anthropological critique of the commodification of the body, and the concept of 'embodiment' are useful in analyzing the debate over DNA as property.

..raised by the historical study in Richard Titmuss's The Gift Relationship, the paper examines how and in what ways the possible commodification of organs will affect our society and the impacts this may have on the supply of organs.

This essay provides a rationale for a regulated market for human oocytes. Although the commodification of human oocytes raises important moral concerns, these concerns do not justify laws banning commerce in human eggs...

This response to the preceding five articles highlights the stubborn persistence of the philosophical perplexities surrounding commodification in the realm of medicine and biotechnology.

Debates about commodification in bioethics frequently appeal to Kant's famous second formulation of the categorical imperative, the formula requiring us to treat the rational (human) being as "an end in itself" and "never ..

..A system of organ donation, in contrast, conveys our respect for persons and honors our common humanity...

..between the aesthetic and the economic, between art and popular culture, are the result of processes of commodification that have placed museums alongside shopping malls within the realms of consumption and entertainment...

..The issue of benefit-sharing is one that has its source in the mandate of both committees. How to avoid both commodification of the person through payment for access to DNA and biopiracy with no return to benefits to the families or ..

..Reframing ecosystem functions as economic services does not address the political problem of commodification. Just as it obscures the labor of human workers, commodification obscures the importance of the biota (..

The increasing debate on financial incentives for organ donation raises concerns about a "commodification of the human body"...

..donation in the public domain, gift terminology separates the act of donation from that of commerce and the commodification of body tissues...

..patents are commonly based on moral and religious grounds that regard the sanctity of life and oppose its commodification. The most compelling arguments for such patents are based on the benefits they deliver through commercial ..

..b>Commodification of the human body risks viewing persons as marketable objects...

..However, these concepts are generally taken-for-granted as necessary and unavoidable aspects of mental health nursing practice. This deconstructive analysis explores some of the assumptions and values that underpin these concepts...

..Some anthropologists see this trend as an aspect of the 'commodification of health'...

..However, previous research in the field of public beliefs towards human genetics is limited. Therefore, in the present study, we investigated the role of public beliefs as predictors of the acceptability of the respondents to use HC...

..However, reforms are leading to the commodification of the health system even in the context of a weak private sector.

Compensated egg sharing was originally conceived as a patient self-help co-operative scheme to avoid overt 'commodification' of donor oocytes and prevent doctors and medical institutions from acting as 'brokers' of donated human material...

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..scientists have sought to reveal ethics policies as veils for commercial exploitation, masking the crude commodification of the human body...

..Farm girls were constructed as virgins with little investment in commodification. Farm girls are a strategic option through which boys' economic marginalisation experienced in the township ..

..Sustainable utilization benefiting the commodification of ethnoherbals, plus meeting aims of poverty alleviation and people empowerment, is a new paradigm in South ..

..In an attempt to assess the potential outcomes of these trends, this article reviews and discusses some sociological and ethical issues, ending with a proposal for a reinvigorated anticommercialist strategy...

..I explore some of the multiple sites of the production and commodification of these "nobodies" to illuminate the intricate relationship between neoliberal economic policies ..

..The commodification and industrialisation of health care, and weakening of its ethical foundations are among the main forces ..

..Medicalization and commodification of health was continuous with modern trends and became a wartime site of attempted well-being of the self at ..

..issue of HEC Forum critically and carefully explore key issues at the intersection of patient privacy and commodification. For example, should hospitals be required to secure a person's consent to any possible uses to which his ..

..particularly prevalent in areas that have seen rapid economic growth, urbanisation, cultural transition, and commodification of food systems...

..Viewed from office encounters with patients, such transformation of services to commodities changes the doctor-patient relationship and the moral mission of care...

..type? A case is made that such tissue matching does not involve unacceptable instrumentality towards or commodification of children...

..Antidepressant consumers must negotiate the threat of stigma and the threat of commodification through the process of constructing narratives...

..Based on fieldwork in Thailand, the United States, and the Czech Republic, we explore the commodification of reproductive bodies within this trade and the reduction of the nurturing affective labor of reproduction ..

Three of the central issues in contemporary debates about the commodification of the human body are those of property, ownership, and access...

..Good Contracting Guidelines' for Non-Medical Education and Training, plus other relevant literature on the commodification of higher education, quasi-markets and contract theory to examine this market, and the confusion of two ..

The licensing of African healers in the province of Natal, South Africa combined with urbanization, medical commodification, and an overcrowded biomedical market led to ideological and commercial competition between White biomedical ..

..should be paid a fair wage for their reproductive labour or tissues, while others argue against the further commodification of reproductive labour or tissues and worry about voluntariness among potential egg providers...

This essay explores the commodification of queer identities in independent cinema, offering particular attention to P. J. Castellaneta's 1998 film, Relax . . . It's Just Sex...

..With the advent of induced pluripotent stem cells, however, pluripotency stands to become a plentiful and unencumbered commodity...

..Drawing on recent anthropological categories, the study seeks to understand the phenomenon of self-care commodification under the imperative of self-accountability for health...

..governance which identifies specific ethical issues such as: privacy; unique value of a person's tissue; commodification of the body; equity and benefit to the community; perverse incentives; and "attenuation" as a ..

..It considers how at present English law is in general against such commodification of human material...

..representations of the body and through a common repertoire of emotional responses to inequality, commodification, and privilege...

..and a rank and file which experienced a process of "de-professionalization") and in its relationship to the welfare state (the link between the medical elite, EBM, EBPH and the commodification of health care and public health).

..We discuss the political economy of youth in religious institutions' responses to HIV and AIDS within the context of Brazil's high levels of religious mobility as well as the broader, global commodification of spirituality and religion.

..Incorporating these notions alongside the discourse of consent also renders concerns about the commodification of the body less acute.

..We conclude that such pluralism of approach reflects the growing consumerism in health and self-care and that older people may in fact be similar to other age groups in terms of their approach to such commodification.

..of these contributions, largely overlooked in the past, and the difficulties and guidelines for enabling them in Brazil, related to their non-scientific and poorly institutionalized configurations and their steady commodification.

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b>Commodification and transnational trading of ecosystem services is the most ambitious iteration yet of the strategy of ‘selling nature to save it’...

..The re-engineering of healthcare to give precedence to corporate and commercial values and strategies of commodification, service rationing, streamlining, and measuring of "efficiency," is literally demoralizing health ..

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..There is still a widespread concern that the acceptance of economic incentives could bring a commodification of the human body, constituting a "slippery slope" toward organ commercialism.

..Within such an economy, an HIV or AIDS diagnosis may actually operate as a commodity...

..It also explores gender, sexuality, and power in the men s performances of desire in the clubs, taking up issues of visibility, virility, youthfulness, and commodification.

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..As with our quantitative data, our qualitative data will represent longitudinal panel covering 1996-2005. The purpose of examining the COI policies is to identify policies that best address ways to manage institutional and systemic COI. ..

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..This exploratory research will also provide evidence for how church expansion is making an impact on AID stigma and is affecting behavior change for HIV/AIDS prevention. ..

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