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Genomes and Genes | learningSummarySummary: Relatively permanent change in behavior that is the result of past experience or practice. The concept includes the acquisition of knowledge. Top Publications
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Publications
The effects of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) on procedural memory and dysphoric mood in patients with major depressive disorderMargaret G O'Connor
Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
Cogn Behav Neurol 18:223-7. 2005To study the effects of depression and treatment with repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) on sequence learning.- A neural substrate of prediction and rewardW Schultz
Institute of Physiology, University of Fribourg, CH 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
Science 275:1593-9. 1997..Behavioral experiments suggest that learning is driven by changes in the expectations about future salient events such as rewards and punishments... 
New neurons and new memories: how does adult hippocampal neurogenesis affect learning and memory?Wei Deng
Laboratory of Genetics, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, USA
Nat Rev Neurosci 11:339-50. 2010..into the circuitry of the adult hippocampus suggests an important role for adult hippocampal neurogenesis in learning and memory, but its specific function in these processes has remained elusive...- Learning the value of information in an uncertain worldTimothy E J Behrens
FMRIB Centre, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
Nat Neurosci 10:1214-21. 2007..Furthermore, variations in this ACC signal across the population predict variations in subject learning rates... - Dissociable roles of ventral and dorsal striatum in instrumental conditioningJohn O'Doherty
Wellcome Department of Imaging Neuroscience, Institute of Neurology, University College London, London WC1N 3BG, UK
Science 304:452-4. 2004..According to recent reinforcement learning models, two distinct components are involved: a "critic," which learns to predict future reward, and an .. 
How learning to read changes the cortical networks for vision and languageStanislas Dehaene
INSERM, Cognitive Neuroimaging Unit, Gif sur Yvette 91191, France
Science 330:1359-64. 2010..Most changes occurred even when literacy was acquired in adulthood, emphasizing that both childhood and adult education can profoundly refine cortical organization...- Bayesian integration in sensorimotor learningKonrad P Kording
Sobell Department of Motor Neuroscience, Institute of Neurology, University College London, Queen Square, London WC1N 3BG, UK
Nature 427:244-7. 2004..The central nervous system therefore employs probabilistic models during sensorimotor learning. - What is the role of dopamine in reward: hedonic impact, reward learning, or incentive salience?K C Berridge
Department of Psychology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 1109
Brain Res Brain Res Rev 28:309-69. 1998..systems play in reward? Do they mediate the hedonic impact of rewarding stimuli? Do they mediate hedonic reward learning and associative prediction? Our review of the literature, together with results of a new study of residual reward .. - The mirror-neuron systemGiacomo Rizzolatti
Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Sezione di Fisiologia, Via Volturno, 3, Universita di Parma 43100, Parma, Italy
Annu Rev Neurosci 27:169-92. 2004..In the case of humans, there is another faculty that depends on the observation of others' actions: imitation learning. Unlike most species, we are able to learn by imitation, and this faculty is at the basis of human culture... - Start/stop signals emerge in nigrostriatal circuits during sequence learningXin Jin
Laboratory for Integrative Neuroscience, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, 5625 Fishers Lane, Bethesda, Maryland 20892 9412, USA
Nature 466:457-62. 2010b>Learning new action sequences subserves a plethora of different abilities such as escaping a predator, playing the piano, or producing fluent speech... - By carrot or by stick: cognitive reinforcement learning in parkinsonismMichael J Frank
Department of Psychology and Center for Neuroscience, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309 0345, USA
Science 306:1940-3. 2004..versus negative outcomes of our decisions? The neuromodulator dopamine plays a key role in these reinforcement learning processes... - Temporal difference models and reward-related learning in the human brainJOHN P O'DOHERTY
Wellcome Department of Imaging Neuroscience, Institute of Neurology, University College London, WC1N 3BG, London, United Kingdom
Neuron 38:329-37. 2003Temporal difference learning has been proposed as a model for Pavlovian conditioning, in which an animal learns to predict delivery of reward following presentation of a conditioned stimulus (CS)... - Emergence of simple-cell receptive field properties by learning a sparse code for natural imagesB A Olshausen
Department of Psychology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA
Nature 381:607-9. 1996..Along these lines, a number of studies have attempted to train unsupervised learning algorithms on natural images in the hope of developing receptive fields with similar properties, but none has .. - Exercise enhances learning and hippocampal neurogenesis in aged miceHenriette van Praag
Laboratory of Genetics, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, California 92037, USA
J Neurosci 25:8680-5. 2005..In young animals, exercise increases hippocampal neurogenesis and improves learning. We investigated whether voluntary wheel running would benefit mice that were sedentary until 19 months of age... - Motor learning: its relevance to stroke recovery and neurorehabilitationJohn W Krakauer
Stroke and Critical Care Division, Department of Neurology, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York NY, USA
Curr Opin Neurol 19:84-90. 2006..This review will focus on arm movements and address the following questions: (i) What is motor learning? (ii) Do patients with hemiparesis have a learning deficit? (iii) Is recovery after injury a form of motor .. - Interacting adaptive processes with different timescales underlie short-term motor learningMaurice A Smith
Division of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
PLoS Biol 4:e179. 2006..This two-state learning system makes the surprising prediction of spontaneous recovery (or adaptation rebound) if error feedback is .. - A theory of cortical responsesKarl Friston
The Wellcome Department of Imaging Neuroscience, Institute of Neurology, University College London, 12 Queen Square, London WC1N 3BG, UK
Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 360:815-36. 2005..on perception, in terms of modern-day statistical theories, one arrives at a model of perceptual inference and learning that can explain a remarkable range of neurobiological facts... - The neurobiology of decision: consensus and controversyJoseph W Kable
Department of Psychology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
Neuron 63:733-45. 2009..Neurobiological studies of decision making are beginning to enhance our understanding of economic and social behavior as well as our understanding of significant health disorders where people's behavior plays a key role... - MicroRNA loss enhances learning and memory in miceWitold Konopka
Molecular Biology of the Cell I, German Cancer Research Center, D 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
J Neurosci 30:14835-42. 2010..The presented work shows miRNAs as key players in the learning and memory process of mammals. - Brain states: top-down influences in sensory processingCharles D Gilbert
The Rockefeller University, 1230 York Avenue, New York, NY 10021, USA
Neuron 54:677-96. 2007..In perceptual learning, both the encoding and recall of learned information involves a selection of the appropriate inputs that convey .. - Dopamine responses comply with basic assumptions of formal learning theoryP Waelti
Institute of Physiology and Programme in Neuroscience, University of Fribourg, CH-1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
Nature 412:43-8. 2001According to contemporary learning theories, the discrepancy, or error, between the actual and predicted reward determines whether learning occurs when a stimulus is paired with a reward... - The orbitofrontal cortex and ventral tegmental area are necessary for learning from unexpected outcomesYuji K Takahashi
Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 20 Penn Street, HSF 2 S251, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
Neuron 62:269-80. 2009..Yet these tasks confound using information about expected outcomes with learning when those expectations are violated... - Opponent interactions between serotonin and dopamineNathaniel D Daw
Computer Science Department and Center for the Neural Basis of Cognition, School of Computer Science, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh PA 15213 3891, USA
Neural Netw 15:603-16. 2002..In the light of the temporal difference model of the involvement of the dopamine system in reward learning, we consider three aspects of motivational opponency involving dopamine and serotonin... - Error-related negativity predicts reinforcement learning and conflict biasesMichael J Frank
Department of Pschology and Center for Neuroscience, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309, USA
Neuron 47:495-501. 2005..Our computational model further predicts that larger ERNs should be associated with better learning to avoid maladaptive responses... - Object perception as Bayesian inferenceDaniel Kersten
Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
Annu Rev Psychol 55:271-304. 2004..Recent work in Bayesian theories of visual perception has shown how complexity may be managed and ambiguity resolved through the task-dependent, probabilistic integration of prior object knowledge with image features... - Oscillations, phase-of-firing coding, and spike timing-dependent plasticity: an efficient learning schemeTimothée Masquelier
Center for Brain and Cognition, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
J Neurosci 29:13484-93. 2009..Here we show that PoFC has a major impact on downstream learning and decoding with the now well established spike timing-dependent plasticity (STDP)... - States versus rewards: dissociable neural prediction error signals underlying model-based and model-free reinforcement learningJan Gläscher
Division of Humanities and Social Sciences, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91101, USA
Neuron 66:585-95. 2010Reinforcement learning (RL) uses sequential experience with situations ("states") and outcomes to assess actions... - Reverse hierarchies and sensory learningMerav Ahissar
The Hebrew University, Jerusalem 91905, Israel
Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 364:285-99. 2009Revealing the relationships between perceptual representations in the brain and mechanisms of adult perceptual learning is of great importance, potentially leading to significantly improved training techniques both for improving skills in .. - Adult-born hippocampal dentate granule cells undergoing maturation modulate learning and memory in the brainWei Deng
Laboratory of Genetics, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, California 92037, USA
J Neurosci 29:13532-42. 2009Adult-born dentate granule cells (DGCs) contribute to learning and memory, yet it remains unknown when adult-born DGCs become involved in the cognitive processes... - Modifiability of generalization in dynamics learningAndrew A G Mattar
Department of Psychology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
J Neurophysiol 98:3321-9. 2007Studies on plasticity in motor function have shown that motor learning generalizes, such that movements in novel situations are affected by previous training... - Statistically optimal perception and learning: from behavior to neural representationsJozsef Fiser
National Volen Center for Complex Systems, Brandeis University, Volen 208 MS 013, Waltham, MA 02454, USA
Trends Cogn Sci 14:119-30. 2010..In this review, we argue that learning an internal model of the sensory environment is another key aspect of the same statistical inference procedure .. - Facilitation of implicit motor learning by weak transcranial direct current stimulation of the primary motor cortex in the humanMichael A Nitsche
Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, University of Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany
J Cogn Neurosci 15:619-26. 2003..Cortical excitability changes accompany motor learning. Here we show that weak direct currents are capable of improving implicit motor learning in the human... - Losing access to the native language while immersed in a second language: evidence for the role of inhibition in second-language learningJared A Linck
Department of Psychology, The Pennsylvania State University, USA
Psychol Sci 20:1507-15. 2009..In this study, we investigated the effects of immersion learning for a group of university students studying abroad in Spain... - Transfer of learning after updating training mediated by the striatumErika Dahlin
Department of Integrative Medical Biology, Umea University, 90187 Umea, Sweden
Science 320:1510-2. 2008..These findings indicate that transfer can occur if the criterion and transfer tasks engage specific overlapping processing components and brain regions... - Neurogenetics and pharmacology of learning, motivation, and cognitionMichael J Frank
Department of Cognitive, Linguistic and Psychological Sciences, Brown Institute for Brain Science, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912 1978, USA
Neuropsychopharmacology 36:133-52. 2011Many of the individual differences in cognition, motivation, and learning-and the disruption of these processes in neurological conditions-are influenced by genetic factors... - Learning, AMPA receptor mobility and synaptic plasticity depend on n-cofilin-mediated actin dynamicsMarco B Rust
Mouse Biology Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Monterotondo, Italy
EMBO J 29:1889-902. 2010Neuronal plasticity is an important process for learning, memory and complex behaviour. Rapid remodelling of the actin cytoskeleton in the postsynaptic compartment is thought to have an important function for synaptic plasticity... - Spatial learning sculpts the dendritic arbor of adult-born hippocampal neuronsSophie Tronel
Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale, Unite 862, Neurocentre Magendie, Neurogenesis and Pathophysiology Group, 33077 Bordeaux, France
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 107:7963-8. 2010..The fate of these adult newborn neurons depends on life experiences. In particular, spatial learning promotes the survival and death of new neurons... - Neurotransmitter roles in synaptic modulation, plasticity and learning in the dorsal striatumDavid M Lovinger
Laboratory for Integrative Neuroscience, NIAAA NIH, 5625 Fishers Lane, Rockville, MD 20852, USA
Neuropharmacology 58:951-61. 2010The dorsal striatum is a large forebrain region involved in action initiation, timing, control, learning and memory... - Synaptic computation underlying probabilistic inferenceAlireza Soltani
Department of Neurobiology and Kavli Institute of Neuroscience, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
Nat Neurosci 13:112-9. 2010.... - Dissociating the contributions of independent corticostriatal systems to visual categorization learning through the use of reinforcement learning modeling and Granger causality modelingCarol A Seger
Department of Psychology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
Neuroimage 50:644-56. 2010We dissociated the contributions to learning of four corticostriatal "loops" (interacting striatal and cortical regions): motor (putamen and motor cortex), visual (posterior caudate and visual cortex), executive (anterior .. - Immune modulation of learning, memory, neural plasticity and neurogenesisRaz Yirmiya
Department of Psychology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91905, Israel
Brain Behav Immun 25:181-213. 2011Over the past two decades it became evident that the immune system plays a central role in modulating learning, memory and neural plasticity... - Reinforcement learning signals predict future decisionsMichael X Cohen
Department of Epileptology and Center for Mind and Brain, University of Bonn, 53105 Bonn, Germany
J Neurosci 27:371-8. 2007..In the present study, we tested the hypothesis that this flexibility emerges through a reinforcement learning process, in which reward prediction errors are used dynamically to adjust representations of decision options... - A cellular mechanism of reward-related learningJ N Reynolds
The Neuroscience Research Centre, University of Otago, School of Medical Sciences, Dunedin, New Zealand
Nature 413:67-70. 2001..We used intracranial self-stimulation (ICSS) as a model of reinforcement learning, in which each rat learns to press a lever that applies reinforcing electrical stimulation to its own substantia .. - Practice as an intervention to improve speeded motor performance and motor learning in Parkinson's diseaseA L Behrman
Department of Physical Therapy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610 0154, USA
J Neurol Sci 174:127-36. 2000..Finding a learning effect for persons with Parkinson's disease supports practice as an effective rehabilitation strategy to improve .. - Neural circuits underlying imitation learning of hand actions: an event-related fMRI studyGiovanni Buccino
Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, , Parma 43100, Italy
Neuron 42:323-34. 2004The neural bases of imitation learning are virtually unknown. In the present study, we addressed this issue using an event-related fMRI paradigm... - Neural signature of fictive learning signals in a sequential investment taskTerry Lohrenz
Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030, USA
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 104:9493-8. 2007Reinforcement learning models now provide principled guides for a wide range of reward learning experiments in animals and humans... - The computational neurobiology of learning and rewardNathaniel D Daw
Gatsby Computational Neuroscience Unit, UCL, Alexandra House, 17 Queen Square, London, WC1N 3AR, UK
Curr Opin Neurobiol 16:199-204. 2006..neurons encode a signal, known as a 'reward prediction error', used by artificial intelligence algorithms for learning to choose advantageous actions, the study of the neural substrates for reward-based learning has been strongly .. - Exercise, but not environmental enrichment, improves learning after kainic acid-induced hippocampal neurodegeneration in association with an increase in brain-derived neurotrophic factorO L Gobbo
Department of Psychology and Trinity College Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College, Dublin 2, Ireland
Behav Brain Res 159:21-6. 2005.... - Learned birdsong and the neurobiology of human languageErich D Jarvis
Department of Neurology, Duke University Medical Center, Box 3209, Durham, NC 27710, USA
Ann N Y Acad Sci 1016:749-77. 2004Vocal learning, the substrate for human language, is a rare trait found to date in only three distantly related groups of mammals (humans, bats, and cetaceans) and three distantly related groups of birds (parrots, hummingbirds, and .. - Sensitivity of the action observation network to physical and observational learningEmily S Cross
Department of Psychology, Center for Cognitive Neuroscience, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH 03755, USA
Cereb Cortex 19:315-26. 2009..The current study tested if physical rehearsal and observational learning share common neural substrates within an action observation network (AON) including premotor and inferior .. - Learned predictions of error likelihood in the anterior cingulate cortexJoshua W Brown
Department of Psychology, CB 1125, Washington University, St Louis, MO 63130, USA
Science 307:1118-21. 2005..These results support a more general error-likelihood theory of ACC function based on reinforcement learning, of which conflict and error detection are special cases. - Learning-related plasticity of temporal coding in simultaneously recorded amygdala-cortical ensemblesStephen E Grossman
Volen National Center for Complex Systems, Department of Psychology, and Program in Neuroscience, Brandeis University, Waltham, Massachusetts 02454, USA
J Neurosci 28:2864-73. 2008Emotional learning requires the coordinated action of neural populations in limbic and cortical networks... - Perceptual learningR L Goldstone
Indiana University, Bloomington 47405, USA
Annu Rev Psychol 49:585-612. 1998Perceptual learning involves relatively long-lasting changes to an organism's perceptual system that improve its ability to respond to its environment... - Striatal prediction error modulates cortical couplingHanneke E M den Ouden
Wellcome Trust Centre for Neuroimaging, Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, United Kingdom
J Neurosci 30:3210-9. 2010..with predictive coding accounts of brain function, which posit a fundamental role of prediction errors for learning and adaptive behavior... - Differential corticostriatal plasticity during fast and slow motor skill learning in miceRui M Costa
Department of Neurobiology, Duke University Medical Center, Box 3209, Durham, NC 27710, USA
Curr Biol 14:1124-34. 2004Motor skill learning usually comprises "fast" improvement in performance within the initial training session and "slow" improvement that develops across sessions... - Associative learning of social valueTimothy E J Behrens
FMRIB Centre, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
Nature 456:245-9. 2008..Social learning is widely held to be distinct from other forms of learning in its mechanism and neural implementation; it is .. - Information processing, dimensionality reduction and reinforcement learning in the basal gangliaIzhar Bar-Gad
Center for Neural Computation, The Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel
Prog Neurobiol 71:439-73. 2003..The model provides new insights and experimental predictions on the computational capacity of the basal ganglia and their role in health and disease... - Discrete coding of reward probability and uncertainty by dopamine neuronsChristopher D Fiorillo
Institute of Physiology, University of Fribourg, CH 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
Science 299:1898-902. 2003..The coding of uncertainty suggests a possible role for dopamine signals in attention-based learning and risk-taking behavior. - Dopamine cells respond to predicted events during classical conditioning: evidence for eligibility traces in the reward-learning networkWei-Xing Pan
Department of Physiology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin 9001, New Zealand
J Neurosci 25:6235-42. 2005..replicated by a TD model with long-lasting eligibility traces (nonzero values for the parameter lambda) and low learning rate (alpha)... - Statistical learning of tone sequences by human infants and adultsJ R Saffran
University of Rochester, New York, NY, USA
Cognition 70:27-52. 1999..Psychological Science 9, 321-324; Saffran, J.R., Aslin, R.N., Newport, E.L., 1996. Statistical learning by 8-month-old infants. Science 274, 1926-1928; Saffran, J., R., Newport, E.L., Aslin, R.N., (1996)... - Social learning promotes institutions for governing the commonsKarl Sigmund
Faculty of Mathematics, University of Vienna, A 1090 Vienna, Austria
Nature 466:861-3. 2010..It is not clear how punishers can invade a society of defectors by social learning or natural selection, or how second-order free-riders (who contribute to the joint effort but not to the .. - Sensorimotor learning configures the human mirror systemCaroline Catmur
Department of Psychology, University College London, London, UK
Curr Biol 17:1527-31. 2007..mirror system are neither wholly innate [14] nor fixed once acquired; instead they develop through sensorimotor learning [15, 16]... - Learning optimal adaptation strategies in unpredictable motor tasksDaniel A Braun
Bernstein Center for Computational Neuroscience, Albert Ludwig University, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
J Neurosci 29:6472-8. 2009..These results suggest that adaptation can become specifically tuned to identify task-specific parameters in an optimal manner... - Design of interactive and dynamic anatomical visualizations: the implication of cognitive load theoryMohammed K Khalil
Learning Systems Institute, Florida State University, 2000 Levy Avenue, Suite 320, Tallahassee, FL 32310, USA
Anat Rec B New Anat 286:15-20. 2005In improving the teaching and learning of anatomical sciences, empirical research is needed to develop a set of guiding principles that facilitate the design and development of effective dynamic visualizations... - Interactive and dynamic visualizations in teaching and learning of anatomy: a cognitive load perspectiveMohammed K Khalil
Learning Systems Institute, Florida State University, 2000 Levy Avenue, Suite 320, Tallahassee, FL 32310, USA
Anat Rec B New Anat 286:8-14. 2005..There is a need for research efforts that apply cognitive load theory (CLT), cognitive learning strategies, and established principles of multimedia design to conduct empirical research that will add to our .. - The molecular biology of memory storage: a dialog between genes and synapsesEric R Kandel
College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
Biosci Rep 24:475-522. 2004The biology of learning, and short-term and long-term memory, as revealed by Aplysia and other organisms, is reviewed. - It's practice, with sleep, that makes perfect: implications of sleep-dependent learning and plasticity for skill performanceMatthew P Walker
Sleep and Neuroimaging, Center for Sleep and Cognition, Department of Psychiatry, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, 330 Brookline Avenue, Boston, MA 02215, USA
Clin Sports Med 24:301-17, ix. 2005..no consensus regarding the functions of sleep, one exciting hypothesis is that sleep contributes importantly to learning and memory... - Neuroscience. Adaptive codingK Richard Ridderinkhof
Department of Psychology, University of Amsterdam and Leiden University, The Netherlands
Science 307:1059-60. 2005 - New knowledge derived from learned knowledge: functional-anatomic correlates of stimulus equivalenceMichael W Schlund
Department of Behavioral Psychology, Kennedy Krieger Institute 707 N Broadway, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
J Exp Anal Behav 87:287-307. 2007Forming new knowledge based on knowledge established through prior learning is a central feature of higher cognition that is captured in research on stimulus equivalence (SE)... - Dynamics of learning in coupled oscillators tutored with delayed reinforcementsM A Trevisan
, FCEyN, UBA, Argentina
Phys Rev E Stat Nonlin Soft Matter Phys 72:011907. 2005..The model is inspired by the process of learning of birdsongs by oscine birds... - Off-line learning and the primary motor cortexEdwin M Robertson
Center for Non Invasive Brain Stimulation, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA
J Neurosci 25:6372-8. 2005..Off-line improvements of similar magnitude are not supported by similar mechanisms; instead, the mechanisms engaged may depend on brain state... - Learning and recall of incremental kinematic and dynamic sensorimotor transformationsJessica Klassen
Department of Psychology and Centre for Neuroscience Studies, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, K7L 3N6, Canada
Exp Brain Res 164:250-9. 2005..In this study, we tested whether retention and recall of learning is also observed when kinematic and dynamic transformations are introduced incrementally such that participants .. - Increased action potential firing rates of layer 2/3 pyramidal cells in the prefrontal cortex are significantly related to cognitive performance in aged monkeysYu-Ming Chang
Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA
Cereb Cortex 15:409-18. 2005..These data indicate that an increase in AP firing rate may be responsible, in part, for age-related PFC dysfunction... - Cognitive control, hierarchy, and the rostro-caudal organization of the frontal lobesDavid Badre
Department of Cognitive and Linguistic Sciences, Brown University, Box 1978, Providence, RI 02912 1978, USA
Trends Cogn Sci 12:193-200. 2008..Distinctions among these frameworks are considered as a basis for future research... - Interpreting hippocampal function as recoding and forecastingWilliam B Levy
Department of Neurosurgery, University of Virginia Health System, P O Box 800420, Neurosurgery, Charlottesville, VA 22908 0420, USA
Neural Netw 18:1242-64. 2005..includes a special role for randomization and, as recoding progresses with experience, the occurrence of sequence learning and sequence compression. These functions support the putative higher-order hippocampal function, i.e... - Select cognitive deficits in vasoactive intestinal peptide deficient miceDipesh Chaudhury
Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California Los Angeles, 760 Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, California 90024 1759, USA
BMC Neurosci 9:63. 2008..The expression of VIP and its receptors in brain regions implicated in learning and memory functions, including the hippocampus, cortex, and amygdala, raise the possibility that this peptide .. - A longitudinal factor analytic study of children's neurocognitive abilitiesBrenda D Townes
University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
Int J Neurosci 118:1009-23. 2008..factor analyses, with varimax rotation, revealed seven factors: Divided Attention, Selective Attention, Verbal Learning and Recall, Visual Learning and Recall, Motor Speed, Visual-Motor Speed, and Working Memory... - Sleep-dependent memory consolidation and reconsolidationRobert Stickgold
Center for Sleep and Cognition, Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center E FD 861, 330 Brookline Ave, Boston, MA 02215, USA
Sleep Med 8:331-43. 2007..In this chapter, we review the role of sleep in supporting these disparate but related processes... - Neuropsychological outcome in chemotherapy-only-treated children with acute lymphoblastic leukemiaNathalie C A J Jansen
Department of Pediatric Hematology Oncology, Beatrix Children s Hospital Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, PO Box 30, 001, 9700 RB Groningen, The Netherlands
J Clin Oncol 26:3025-30. 2008..To evaluate neuropsychological functioning over time in children treated for acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) with chemotherapy only... - Dentate gyrus NMDA receptors mediate rapid pattern separation in the hippocampal networkThomas J McHugh
Picower Institute for Learning and Memory, RIKEN MIT Neuroscience Research Center, Department of Biology and Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
Science 317:94-9. 2007..These results provide evidence that NMDA receptors in the granule cells of the dentate gyrus play a crucial role in the process of pattern separation... - The interference effects of non-rotated versus counter-rotated trials in visuomotor adaptationMark R Hinder
Perception and Motor Systems Laboratory, School of Human Movement Studies, University of Queensland, 4072 Brisbane, Australia
Exp Brain Res 180:629-40. 2007..performance at commencement of the retest was significantly better than that at the beginning of the initial learning. For the B0 group, performance in the retest of task A was not dissimilar to that at the start of the initial .. - Contextual interference effects with two tasksDominic A Simon
Department of Psychology, MSC 3452, New Mexico State University, P O Box 30001, Las Cruces, NM 88003 8001, USA
Percept Mot Skills 105:177-83. 2007..retention. In addition, random learners had better recall of the details of the patterns they had practiced. Learners' predictions of retention performance did not match the group differences actually observed... - Toward an integrative perspective on hippocampal function: from the rapid encoding of experience to adaptive behaviorTobias Bast
Centre for Cognitive and Neural Systems CCNS, School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK
Rev Neurosci 18:253-81. 2007The mammalian hippocampus has been associated with learning and memory, as well as with many other behavioral processes... - The effects of exercise on spatial learning and anxiety-like behavior are mediated by an IGF-I-dependent mechanism related to hippocampal neurogenesisJ L Trejo
Cajal Institute, CSIC, Doctor Arce 37, 28002 Madrid, Spain
Mol Cell Neurosci 37:402-11. 2008..and independent mechanisms have been shown to mediate the effects of physical exercise on spatial learning and anxiety-like behaviors... - Adaptation of microglomerular complexes in the honeybee mushroom body lip to manipulations of behavioral maturation and sensory experienceSabine Krofczik
Institut für Biologie Neurobiologie, Freie Universitat Berlin, Königin Luise Str 28 30, 14195 Berlin, Germany
Dev Neurobiol 68:1007-17. 2008..in the microglomerular organization of the mushroom bodies, a brain region involved in sensory integration, learning, and memory, during adult maturation... - Sleep improves sequential motor learning and performance in patients with prefrontal lobe lesionsMarian Gomez Beldarrain
Service of Neurology, Hospital Galdakao Usansolo, Barrio Labeaga s n, 48960 Galdakao, Vizcaya, Spain
Clin Neurol Neurosurg 110:245-52. 2008Motor skill learning involves both practice and a latent, sleep-dependent process of consolidation that develops after training ("off-line" learning)... - [Learning cognitive skills in depression: the effect of context-change]Patrícia Polgár
Semmelweis Egyetem, Pszichiatriai es Pszichoterapias Klinika, Budapest, Hungary
Psychiatr Hung 22:271-5. 2007..In addition to classic, widely studied cognitive functions, in depression implicit learning and the interpretation of feedback and its impact on performance can also be impaired compared to healthy .. - From visuo-motor interactions to imitation learning: behavioural and brain imaging studiesStefan Vogt
Department of Psychology, Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK
J Sports Sci 25:497-517. 2007..theory relating to the involvement of motor processing in action observation: behavioural studies on imitation learning, behavioural work on short-term visuomotor interactions, and related neurophysiological and neuroimaging work... - Perceptual learning: how much daily training is enough?Beverly A Wright
Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208 3350, USA
Exp Brain Res 180:727-36. 2007..However, little is known about how much daily training is needed for such learning to occur... - Reactivation of behavioral activity during sharp waves: a computational model for two stage hippocampal dynamicsColin Molter
Laboratory for Dynamics of Emergent Intelligence, RIKEN Brain Science Institute, Japan
Hippocampus 17:201-9. 2007..are representative of previous behavioral activity, which suggests an important functional role of off-line learning and consolidation for these SPWs events... - Fornix lesions decouple the induction of hippocampal arc transcription from behavior but not plasticityBonnie R Fletcher
Fishberg Department of Neuroscience, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York 10029-6574, USA
J Neurosci 26:1507-15. 2006..The relative contributions of neuronal activity and learning-related plasticity to the behavioral induction of Arc remain to be defined... - Effect of learning on imitation of new actions: implications for a memory modelAlessia Tessari
Department of Psychology, University of Bologna, Viale Berti Pichat, Bologna, Italy
Exp Brain Res 173:507-13. 2006The effects of learning on strategy selection in the context of action imitation have been investigated in two experiments conducted with healthy individuals... - Modulation of learning and hippocampal, neuronal plasticity by repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS)Zaghloul Ahmed
Department of Biology/CSI/IBR Center for Developmental Neuroscience, College of Staten Island/CUNY, NY 10314, USA
Bioelectromagnetics 27:288-94. 2006The influence of high-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) on learning process in mice and on neuronal excitability of the hippocampal tissue obtained from stimulated animals were investigated... - Imitation of hierarchical action structure by young childrenAndrew Whiten
Centre for Social Learning and Cognitive Evolution, School of Psychology, University of St Andrews, Scotland, UK
Dev Sci 9:574-82. 2006..Consistent with this finding, children did not copy specific sequences of actions at lower hierarchical levels... - Time course of retrieval and movement preparation in music performanceCaroline Palmer
Psychology Dept, McGill University, 1205 Dr Penfield Ave, Montreal QC H3A 1B1, Canada
Ann N Y Acad Sci 1060:360-7. 2005..Evidence from transfer of learning paradigms, production errors, and anticipatory movements, as measured in motion capture, are described... - Implicit oculomotor sequence learning in humans: Time course of offline processingGeneviève Albouy
Cyclotron Research Centre B30 University of Liège Sart Tilman 4000 Liège Belgium
Brain Res 1090:163-71. 2006Studies of manual and digital sequence learning indicate that motor memories continue to be processed after training has ended, following a succession of identifiable steps... - Explicit contextual information selectively contributes to predictive switching of internal modelsHiroshi Imamizu
Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, ATR Computational Neuroscience Laboratories, 2 2 2, Hikaridai, Keihanna Science City, Kyoto 6190288, Japan
Exp Brain Res 181:395-408. 2007..A recent computational model for simultaneous learning and switching of internal models proposes two separate switching mechanisms: a predictive mechanism purely based .. - Impairments in recognition memory for object and for location after transient brain ischemia in monkeysMasao Yukie
Department of Behavioral Physiology, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Neuroscience, Tokyo Metropolitan Organization for Medical Research, Tokyo, Japan
Rev Neurosci 17:201-14. 2006..Ischemic (ISC) monkeys were significantly impaired in learning a delayed matching-to-sample (DMS) task (10 sec) when the sample and test objects were drawn from a set of 45 .. - Different memory types for generating saccades at different stages of learningTakahiro Horaguchi
Doctoral Programs in Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba 305-8575, Japan
Neurosci Res 55:271-84. 2006..encoded in different types of reference frame are used for the reaching hand movement in different stages of learning. However, the types of reference frame employed for generating behavior at each stage of learning remain unclear, .. - Motherhood-induced memory improvement persists across lifespan in rats but is abolished by a gestational stressV Lemaire
University Victor Segalen, INSERM U588 Institut François Magendie, 146 rue Leo Saignat, 33077 Bordeaux Cedex, France
Eur J Neurosci 23:3368-74. 2006..It has recently been shown that motherhood enhances hippocampal-mediated spatial learning and synaptic plasticity... - Selective engagement of plasticity mechanisms for motor memory storageEdward S Boyden
Department of Neurobiology, Stanford University, California 94305, USA
Neuron 51:823-34. 2006..Thus, a particular plasticity mechanism need not support all cerebellum-dependent memories, but can be engaged selectively according to the parameters of training...
Research Grants
- Perceptual and Decisional Processes in CategorizationW Maddox; Fiscal Year: 2006..my students and I made significant progress toward understanding the processes involved in decision criterion learning when base-rates and payoffs are manipulated, and toward understanding the complex interplay between several ..
- Temporal Patterns in Sleep Mechanisms of LearningDaniel Margoliash; Fiscal Year: 2006..The fourth experiment will record directly from RA in juvenile birds learning to sing...
- The Cognitive Neuroscience of Human Category LearningF Ashby; Fiscal Year: 2007..Recent evidence suggests that human category learning is mediated by multiple, qualitatively distinct learning systems, and much is now known about the neurobiology ..
- Tests of neurobiologically-inspired Model of the Motivation-Learning InterfaceW Maddox; Fiscal Year: 2007..Our emphasis in on motivational influences on classification learning. Classification learning provides an ideal testbed for our studies because (a) much is known about the ..
- NEUROPHYSIOLOGY OF SENSORIMOTOR LEARNINGDaniel Margoliash; Fiscal Year: 2007..maintenance critically depend on auditory feedback, and the study of these gives insight into the mechanisms for learning in the context of complex sensorimotor behaviors...
- Characterizaton of Non-linear Auditory Receptive FieldsDaniel Margoliash; Fiscal Year: 2007..In the first experiment, the statistical methodologies will be developed for learning efficient basis sets for motif structure and for estimating feature-based receptive fields with hierarchical non-..
- PERCEPTION & COGNITION IN CATEGORIZATION/IDENTIFICATIONW Maddox; Fiscal Year: 2001..The approach is to apply a series of quantitative models to the trial-by-trial learning data and to measures of asymptotic performance...
- NEUROPHYSIOLOGY OF SENSORIMOTOR LEARNINGDaniel Margoliash; Fiscal Year: 2009..maintenance critically depend on auditory feedback, and the study of these gives insight into the mechanisms for learning in the context of complex sensorimotor behaviors...
- The Cognitive Neuroscience of Human Category LearningF Ashby; Fiscal Year: 2004..Human category learning is incredibly diverse, as are the categories that people must learn, and there is growing evidence that different ..
- Characterizaton of Non-linear Auditory Receptive FieldsDaniel Margoliash; Fiscal Year: 2009..In the first experiment, the statistical methodologies will be developed for learning efficient basis sets for motif structure and for estimating feature-based receptive fields with hierarchical non-..
- Characterizaton of Non-linear Auditory Receptive FieldsDaniel Margoliash; Fiscal Year: 2009..In the first experiment, the statistical methodologies will be developed for learning efficient basis sets for motif structure and for estimating feature-based receptive fields with hierarchical non-..
- CHRONIC RECORDING TECHNOLOGIES FOR SMALL VERTEBRATESDaniel Margoliash; Fiscal Year: 1999
- The Cognitive Neuroscience of Human Category LearningF Ashby; Fiscal Year: 2009..Recent evidence suggests that human category learning is mediated by multiple, qualitatively distinct learning systems, and much is now known about the neurobiology ..
- Tests of neurobiologically-inspired Model of the Motivation-Learning InterfaceW TODD TODD MADDOX; Fiscal Year: 2010..Our emphasis in on motivational influences on classification learning. Classification learning provides an ideal testbed for our studies because (a) much is known about the ..
- Cellular Mechanisms of Vocal-Respiratory IntegrationRichard Mooney; Fiscal Year: 2005..In those few vertebrate species where vocal learning occurs, such as humans and songbirds, the telencephalon plays a critical role in modulating respiratory- vocal ..
- THE MENTAL LEXICON IN LANGUAGE ACQUISITIONHOLLY STORKEL; Fiscal Year: 2005Children acquiring a language are faced with at least two lexical tasks: learning new words and organizing these to uniquely distinguish each word from every other...
- Mechanisms of Associative Learning in Aging: Mouse ModelsDiana S Woodruff Pak; Fiscal Year: 2010Using the model system of eyeblink classical conditioning and other forms of learning and memory (hippocampus-dependent contextual fear conditioning, cerebellum-dependent rotorod), we propose to investigate structural and functional ..
- Single neuron correlates of learned songRichard Mooney; Fiscal Year: 2004The long-term goal of this research is to analyze neural mechanisms that underlie vocal learning. The goals of this proposal are to understand both motor and auditory codes for learned vocalizations...
- Learning and adaptation of Multi-Joint Arm MovementFerdinando Mussa Ivaldi; Fiscal Year: 2009....
- Compensatory Brain Activation after StrokeLara Boyd; Fiscal Year: 2007..We predict that motor learning will dynamically alter patterns of brain activation, and reduce contralesional cortical activation...
- Mechanisms of Associative Learning in Aging: Mouse ModelsDIANA WOODRUFF PAK; Fiscal Year: 2007Using the model system of eyeblink classical conditioning and other forms of learning and memory (hippocampus-dependent contextual fear conditioning, cerebellum-dependent rotorod), we propose to investigate structural and functional ..
- The role of action in the development of visual object recognitionKarin Harman James; Fiscal Year: 2011..PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: Children with perceptual and motor disorders are at risk for learning, language and attentional disorders...
- The Mental Lexicon of Children with Phonological DelaysHOLLY STORKEL; Fiscal Year: 2006..who are delayed in acquiring the sound system are able to capitalize on these same regularities to support word learning. The goal of this research project is to understand how children with phonological delays learn new words...
- APICAL JUNCTIONAL COMPLEXES OF THE RPELAWRENCE RIZZOLO; Fiscal Year: 2006..Recent advances in the development of reagents coupled with this novel culture model will advance our understanding of this essential structure of the outer blood-retinal barrier. ..
- The Human Life Course and the Biodemography of AgingHillard Kaplan; Fiscal Year: 2007....
- The Role of Cdk5 in AddictionJames A Bibb; Fiscal Year: 2010..long-term neuroadaptations within the circuitry of the brain that is normally dedicated to reward and incentive learning. Our goal is to provide a clearer understanding of the biochemical basis of the effects that cocaine has on ..
- The Regulation of Dopamine Neurotransmission by CDK5JAMES BIBB; Fiscal Year: 2009..abstract_text> ..
- EGO DEPLETION PATTERNS AND SELF-CONTROL FAILUREROY BAUMEISTER; Fiscal Year: 2001..The fourth section will explore several implications and applications of the depletion of self: vulnerability to loss of self-esteem from ego threat; prejudice; procrastination; and overeating. ..
- Genetic Manipulation of Phasic Dopaminergic ActivityJeff Beeler; Fiscal Year: 2007..Research supports a role for DA in both motivational processes and reinforcement learning. The nature of the relationship between these two aspects of DA, however, is controversial...
- Multiple Memory Phases in AplysiaTHOMAS CAREW; Fiscal Year: 2006..less is known about how the diverse forms of plasticity revealed in these studies directly relate to bone fide learning and memory...
- Destructive Effects of Social RejectionROY BAUMEISTER; Fiscal Year: 2007..The fifth project will examine social exclusion outside the laboratory, in order to elucidate how exclusion affects people in everyday life. ..
- The neurobiology of human reinforcement learning throughout the lifespanROBB RUTLEDGE; Fiscal Year: 2007The proposed project investigates the neural mechanisms underlying human reinforcement learning. Electrophysiological recordings from primates suggest that dopamine neurons encode a reward prediction error (RPE) signal required by ..
- Eyeblink Conditioning in Infants and AdultsPatricia Bauer; Fiscal Year: 2007..The proposed research is to test trace eyeblink conditioning as a possible marker or probe of the integrity of the hippocampus, thereby establishing the task for use in early diagnosis and treatment. ..
- Opiate-Induced Tolerance & Hyperalgesia in Pain PatientsLawrence Chu; Fiscal Year: 2007..abstract_text> ..
- NEUROCOMPUTATIONAL ANALYSIS OF LEARNINGTHOMAS CAREW; Fiscal Year: 2001..This simple reflex offers two key advantages for a computational analysis of learning: (1) the reflex exhibits a variety of forms of both non-associative and associative learning; and (2) the neural ..
- Perinatal Assessment of At-Risk PopulationsWILLIAM FIFER; Fiscal Year: 2007....
- POLARITY OF RETINAL PIGMENTED EPITHELIUMLAWRENCE RIZZOLO; Fiscal Year: 1993