neuropsychological tests

..FDG imaging may be able to detect a stabilization of cerebral metabolism caused by therapy administered to patients with a clinical diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease...

..These results suggest that it is important to recognize both the unity and diversity of executive functions and that latent variable analysis is a useful approach to studying the organization and roles of executive functions...

..These findings suggest that altered activity in the default mode network may act as an early marker for AD pathology...

....

..By refining the criteria for MCI, clinical trials can be designed with appropriate inclusion and exclusion restrictions to allow for the investigation of therapeutics tailored for specific targets and populations...

..To develop a 10-minute cognitive screening tool (Montreal Cognitive Assessment, MoCA) to assist first-line physicians in detection of mild cognitive impairment (MCI), a clinical state that often progresses to dementia...

..Future studies will be needed to establish the reliability and specificity of these revised diagnostic guidelines...

....

..The results are discussed in terms of recent neuroscientific and psychological data that indicate cognitive and neural plasticity is maintained throughout the life span...

..There is a clear need for brief, but sensitive and specific, cognitive screening instruments as evidenced by the popularity of the Addenbrooke's Cognitive Examination (ACE)...

..Future collaborations will collect prospective data to identify relationships between each of these syndromes and specific biomarkers for a more detailed understanding of clinicopathologic correlations...

..An algorithm is proposed to assist in standardized diagnostic classification of HAND...

....

..It then focuses on methodologic issues that are important when attempting to elucidate the neural underpinnings of cognitive reserve using imaging studies, and reviews some of our group's work in order to demonstrate these issues...

..Epidemiologic and imaging data that help to develop and support the concept of reserve are presented...

..To determine the prevalence of cognitive complaints and HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HANDs) in a cohort of aviremic HIV-positive patients. To evaluate the relevance of the HIV dementia scale to detect HANDs...

....

..Although the model is promising as a potential theory of self-control and ADHD, far more research is required to evaluate its merits and the many predictions it makes about ADHD...

..Overall, the fMRI results suggest that the functional contrasts within this single task differentially activate three separable anatomical networks related to the components of attention...

..The ANT may also serve as an activation task for neuroimaging studies and as a phenotype for the study of the influence of genes on attentional networks...

..Many observational studies have shown that physical activity reduces the risk of cognitive decline; however, evidence from randomized trials is lacking...

..The results indicate that schizophrenia is characterized by a broadly based cognitive impairment, with varying degrees of deficit in all ability domains measured by standard clinical tests...

..I found the frontal lobe hypothesis to perform well, with the exception of an inability to account for age-related declines in item recall and recognition memory, possibly a result of age-related declines in medial temporal function...

..We conducted a quantitative meta-analysis of studies published between 1998 and 2008 on academic achievement, behavioral functioning, and EF with the aim of providing aggregated measures of effect size for these outcome domains...

..Difficulties with EF appear to be one important component of the complex neuropsychology of ADHD...

..Distinct neuropsychological profiling may help to predict later psychiatric outcomes and enhance individually-tailored early intervention strategies...

..The paper concludes with a discussion of the implications of construing the validity of these neuropsychological tests in anatomical, rather than cognitive and behavioral, terms.

..We also developed software to implement these tests (MRIcron), made freely available to the scientific community...

....

..It is concluded that more detailed research is needed to fractionate the executive system in autism by assessing a wide range of executive functions as well as their neuroanatomical correlates in the same individuals across the lifespan...

..Frequent participation in cognitively stimulating activities has been hypothesized to reduce risk of Alzheimer disease (AD), but prospective data regarding an association are lacking...

..These results establish for the first time a clear association between dyscalculia and impaired "number sense", and they may open up new horizons for the early diagnosis and rehabilitation of mathematical learning deficits...

..This finding of sleep-dependent motor skill improvement may have important implications for the efficient learning of all skilled actions in humans...

..We also report a highly significant correlation of -0.58 between SART performance and Glasgow Coma Scale Scores in the TBI group...

..The former is reversible and potentially amenable to cognitive training; the latter may reflect a less malleable change associated with cognitive decline in advanced aging...

..This study evaluated the effects of cognitive remediation for improving cognitive performance, symptoms, and psychosocial functioning in schizophrenia...

..At approximately 7 years of age, 917 of the children underwent detailed neurobehavioral examination. Neuropsychological tests included Finger Tapping; Hand-Eye Coordination; reaction time on a Continuous Performance Test; Wechsler ..

..While depression is known to involve a disturbance of mood, movement and cognition, its associated cognitive deficits are frequently viewed as simple epiphenomena of the disorder...

..These data suggest that the RBANS is effective at both detecting and characterizing dementia of different etiologies...

..This 'myopia for the future' in VM lesion patients persists in the face of severe adverse consequences, i.e. rising future punishment or declining future reward...

....

..the visual field to the right were improved on their manual body-midline demonstration and on classical neuropsychological tests. Unlike other physiological manipulations used to improve neglect, this improvement lasted for at least ..

..In addition, the results also suggest that AD may disturb the correlation/anti-correlation effect in the two intrinsically anti-correlated networks...

....

..The results thus suggest that WM training potentially could be of clinical use for ameliorating the symptoms in ADHD...

..Dementia and MCI are associated with neuropsychiatric symptoms in clinical samples. Only 2 population-based studies exist of the prevalence of these symptoms in dementia, and none exist for MCI...

..This study demonstrates that intensive, plasticity-engaging training can result in an enhancement of cognitive function in normal mature adults...

..This review aims to synthesize the available evidence and assess the value of this screening test according to well-defined criteria...

..To provide a comprehensive review of diffusion tensor imaging in evaluating microstructural changes in the spectrum of cognitive decline from ageing to Alzheimer's disease, in particular focusing on mild cognitive impairment...

....

..To use fMRI to investigate whether hippocampal and entorhinal activation during learning is altered in the earliest phase of mild cognitive impairment (MCI)...

..Moreover, the associations between executive function and gait variability suggest that a decline in executive function in PD may exacerbate the effects of dual tasking on gait, potentially increasing fall risk...

..Declines in performance on all tasks were revealed for the 50-64 year old sample, providing support for the vulnerability of executive skills to normal aging...

..Such an approach can clarify which inhibition distinctions are correct and which inhibition deficits go with which disorders...

....

..in a clinically unimpaired elderly population, as assessed by Pittsburgh Compound B (PiB) positron emission tomography (PET) imaging, and its relationship to cognitive function, measured with a battery of neuropsychological tests.

..To examine the effects of aerobic exercise on cognition and other biomarkers associated with Alzheimer disease pathology for older adults with mild cognitive impairment, and assess the role of sex as a predictor of response...

..These results point to considerable functional segregation within rostral prefrontal cortex...

..We expect that the neuroimaging techniques will provide an important part of this enterprise...

..We suggest that additional brain regions are co-opted into this core network in a task-specific manner to support functions such as episodic memory that may have additional requirements...

..To this aim, mismatch negativity (MMN) was investigated in a sample clinically at high risk, comparing individuals with and without subsequent conversion to psychosis...

..The findings provide support for the view that the episodic and semantic components of cognitive memory are partly dissociable, with only the episodic component being fully dependent on the hippocampus...

..We asked whether neurocognitive dysfunction in bipolar and schizophrenia spectrum disorders depends more on history of psychosis than diagnostic category or subtype...

..The relative effect of the second-generation (atypical) antipsychotic drugs and older agents on neurocognition has not been comprehensively determined...

..The NPI-Q provides a brief, reliable, informant-based assessment of neuropsychiatric symptoms and associated caregiver distress that may be suitable for use in general clinical practice...

..Observed structural changes may underlie previously reported improvement of working memory capacity, improvement of other cognitive functions, and altered functional activity following working memory training...

..To investigate the patterns of MRI brain atrophy in patients with ALS with and without clinically evident frontotemporal lobar dementia (FTLD) using voxel-based morphometry (VBM)...

..We conducted a meta-analysis of reported associations between the COMT Val158/108Met polymorphism and measures of memory and executive function...

....

..We undertook this systematic review to assess the heterogeneity in the reported rates and to identify risk factors for pre-stroke and post-stroke dementia...

..Utilizing the long follow-up of the PAQUID study, we examined the emergence of the first clinical symptoms over a 14-year period of follow-up before the dementia phase of AD...

..Our results clearly indicate that higher levels of aerobic fitness are associated with increased hippocampal volume in older humans, which translates to better memory function...

..It is unclear whether increased participation in leisure activities lowers the risk of dementia or participation in leisure activities declines during the preclinical phase of dementia...

..b>Neuropsychological tests are important tools to quantify the attentional and/or cognitive deficits of patients compared to ..

..From a clinical perspective, this study provides new information on the impact of left SFG lesions on cognition that will be of use to neurologists and neurosurgeons...

..The evidence for an inverted U at the cellular level in behaving animals promises to bridge in vitro molecular analyses with human cognitive experience...

..Targeted application of neurocognitive tasks, receptor-specific neurochemical probes, and brain systems neuroimaging techniques have potential for future research in this field...

..This study supports the hypothesis that patients with fvFTD, but not those with Alzheimer's disease, are impaired on tests of ToM, and may explain some of the abnormalities in interpersonal behaviour that characterize fvFTD...

..As a direct result, it has been possible to redefine impairments of executive function in Parkinson's disease more precisely in terms of the specific neuropsychological, neuroanatomical, and psychopharmacological mechanisms involved...

..Activating effects on the frontal lobe might be beneficial for patients with frontal lobe disorders. This phase 1 study tested the safety of frontal DC, including its effects on frontal and other brain functions...

..These findings imply that the SEF and SMA mediate automatic effector-specific suppression of motor plans. This automatic mechanism may contribute to the participation of these areas in the voluntary control of action...

..These novel observations imply that the human MTL subserves both perceptual and mnemonic functions, with the hippocampus and perirhinal cortex playing distinct roles in spatial and object discrimination, respectively...

..We designed a brief comprehensive neuropsychological test battery to help differentiate control subjects from patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and dementia...

..The Memory Impairment Study (MIS) is a multicenter clinical trial in patients with MCI designed to evaluate whether vitamin E or donepezil is effective at delaying the time to a clinical diagnosis of AD...

..Our work suggests that the dementing process in Parkinson's disease is predictable and related to tau while frontal-executive dysfunction evolves independently with a more dopaminergic basis and better prognosis...

..To evaluate the effect of a computerized working memory training program on both trained and non-trained verbal aspects of working memory and executive and memory functions in extremely low birth weight (ELBW; <1000 g) infants...

..Our aim was to delineate neuropsychological deficits related to genetic susceptibility, illness process and iatrogenic factors in bipolar disorder (BD)...

..This suggests that TBSS reveals functionally relevant tract injury underlying cognitive dysfunction in patients with multiple sclerosis...

..Further research is needed to identify the etiology of these deficits and whether they resolve after weight loss...

....

..In conclusion, these findings show that prism adaptation is a productive way of achieving long-lasting improvements in neglect treatment...

..These findings may be particularly important in the context of clinical studies in which a proper understanding of self-monitoring deficits requires an explicit measurement of error awareness...

..Dopaminergic system changes during adolescence may lead to a reduction of basal dopamine levels, potentially affecting Met allele benefits during development...

..The aim of this study was to examine whether patients with bipolar I and bipolar II disorder have different neurocognitive profiles...

..e. the 'thoughts in our head'). In this way, investigations into the functions of rostral PFC will reveal key new insights into how human and non-human mental abilities differ...

....

..study of 80 patients with a focal right hemisphere stroke, who were examined by a series of neuropsychological tests assessing different clinical manifestations of neglect...

..These separable cognitive dimensions also have broader relevance to future research aimed at understanding the nature and structure of core cognitive deficits in schizophrenia...

..Patients with lesions to the right parahippocampal cortex were impaired on this task with a 30 min delay, suggesting that the parahippocampal cortex itself may play an important role in spatial memory...

..We hypothesized that the incidence of POCD would be less with regional anaesthesia rather than general...

..Individuals with M.S. and control participants will be administered a battery of standard neuropsychological tests that will emphasize executive function, memory, attention, and expressive and receptive language...

..We and others have found that patients with essential hypertension have impaired performance on neuropsychological tests relative to age-matched controls...

..Although neuropsychological tests are the current standard for diagnosing SHE, the results are non-specific and reveal little about the ..

..Ante-mortem diagnosis of Alzheimer's based on neuropsychological tests are inconclusive at early stages of the disease and clinical PET imaging with [18F]FDG is suboptimal for ..

..The proposed study will use fMRI, biomarkers of metabolic functioning, and neuropsychological tests to examine changes in cognition and brain response in obese and sedentary middle aged adults undergoing ..

..18F-Mefway will be evaluated in well-characterized groups of control, MCI and AD subjects and results will be correlated with clinical outcome measures of 18F-FDG, MRI and neuropsychological tests.

..of novel, cutting edge, state-of-the-art structural image analysis tools in conjunction with sophisticated neuropsychological tests to better understand the effects of cocaine on the structure and function of the developing human brain.

..goal we will measure cognition (including memory and frontal lobe measures of performance) with standard neuropsychological tests, hippocampal volumes with validated and reliable MRI- based methods, and cerebral vascular reactivity ..

..Cognitive function will be measured by a battery of neuropsychological tests. Motor level and function will be assessed by physical examination...

..of 90 adolescents recruited in project R21 DA15228 (PI: Tapert), and follow these 168 teens with the same neuropsychological tests, functional magnetic resonance imaging (FMRI;working memory, inhibition, and learning tasks), MRI (to ..

..Comparative neuropsychological tests with proven validity for people suffering from severe levels of cognitive impairment (e.g...

..An assessment battery comprised of a standardized interview on HIV risk behavior, neuropsychological tests, tools to assess attitudes and behavior change skills targeted by IFCBT-HIVPI, drug and STI urine testing,..

....

..The success of these efforts could ultimately lead to reduced disability in people with schizophrenia, which would have significant impact on patients and families, as well as broader societal and economic impact. ..

..function, global function, functional assessments, behavioral assessments focusing on apathy, and neuropsychological tests focusing on executive function...

..assessed by food records, acceptability assessed by questionnaires, and cognitive function assessed by neuropsychological tests. The investigators expect that compared to the usual AA diet, the GMP diet will reduce plasma phe levels ..

..function with and without distracters, along with diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), MR morphometry, and neuropsychological tests to investigate links between: 1) WM integrity and system connectivity which are necessary for the ..

..fitters) with both retrospective and prospective environmental exposure measurements, neuropsychological tests, blood metal (Fe and Mn) assessment, and state-of-the-art MRI estimates of both Mn (with rapid T1 mapping)..

..Pilot analyses will begin to look at normalization of these neural abnormalities, as some young adults transition out of heavy drinking. ..

..abstract_text> ..

..factors and inflammatory markers is related to specific cognitive domains using a sensitive battery of neuropsychological tests. Conventional and novel risk factors will include cardiac diseases, hypertension and blood pressure, ..

..Cognitive function will be assessed using a comprehensive battery of neuropsychological tests focused on the executive and memory function...

..The long-term goal of this line of research is to find a new approach that might improve the quality of life, delay dementia, and reduce caregiver stress. ..

..Current static "frontal executive system" task derived from traditional paper and pencil neuropsychological tests have a number of limitations, foremost the inability to adapt in difficulty and provide a consistently ..

..and baseline and two year follow up assessments of cognitive function using a battery of standardized neuropsychological tests. We will test hypotheses using regional univariate and multivariate network analysis methods with voxel-..

..and feasible and had medium to large effects on the use of compensatory strategies and performance on neuropsychological tests of verbal memory...

..on quality of life, anxiety about cognitive problems, functional wellbeing, and on brief telephone-based neuropsychological tests of memory at 3 time points: pre-treatment, post-treatment and 2-month follow-up...

..The pilot test includes standardized interviews on HIV risk behavior and psychiatric disorders, neuropsychological tests, self-report tools, urine drug testing, and serologic tests of HIV and hepatitis A, B, and C viruses ..

..measurements of gray matter density, cortical thickness and whole brain volume, clinical ratings and neuropsychological tests every two years in 35 54 homozygotes, 50 54 heterozygotes, and 75 54 non-carriers, further characterize ..

..measures of sub-clinical health status that are known predictors of age-related diseases in later life: neuropsychological tests of memory and executive functions, the metabolic syndrome, immunological biomarkers, and shortened ..

..diffusion tensor imaging (DTI);and selective brain functions, measured with functional MRI (fMRI) and neuropsychological tests of component processes of cognition, memory, and motor abilities...

..Joel Kramer, a neuropsychologist who is an international leader in the development of neuropsychological tests;Dr...

..Children will be assessed on a battery of neuropsychological tests that assess specific aspects of executive function including working memory, cognitive flexibility, ..

..Participants will complete a series of neuropsychological tests, functional assessments, MR and Diffusion Tensor Imaging and MoBI brain and movement imaging...

..b>Neuropsychological tests of motor skill, as well as clinical neurological examinations of motor function, also will be ..

....

..Accurate prediction of MCI conversion to AD will help identify patients who need early treatment, facilitate patient/family planning for their own future, and improve patient selection for clinical trials. ..

..g., the ApoE genotype), behavioral markers of impairment (e.g., neuropsychological tests), and clinical diagnoses of impairment...

..The participants will be assessed for cognitive rigidity (neuropsychological tests of executive function including perseveration), motor rigidity (gait measures of relative phase between ..

..there is evidence that ADT may be associated with objectively-assessed cognitive impairment (assessed by neuropsychological tests), but there are also studies that note minimal or no impairments in ADT patients compared with healthy ..

..The proposed research will assess neural activation, immune markers, and neuropsychological tests of attention and emotion regulation in older adults...

..abstract_text> ..

..variations in neurotransmitter systems and circuits involved will then be modeled by a combination of neuropsychological tests and the presence of common genetic polymorphisms regulating those regional networks...

..team of experts at UI will comprehensively assess 1) cognitive functions using standardized neuropsychological tests;2) physiologic indices of disease severity from laboratory based polysomnography (PSG);3) extended ..

..The goal of this study is to determine whether measures of loneliness are associated with sensitive neuropsychological tests and multi-modal neuroimaging biomarkers of preclinical AD in a cohort of clinically normal (CN) older ..

..Specific Aim 1), examine relationships between performance on the experiments and standardized neuropsychological tests (Specific Aim 2), and characterize the performance of older adults, with and without the APOE E4 allele ..

..Changes in cognitive performance have been reported but results of previous studies using neuropsychological tests alone have been equivocal...

..n=50), and assess participants pre- and post-treatment with peripheral and central cytokine levels, neuropsychological tests and brain resting state functional connectivity...

..abstract_text> ..

..b>Neuropsychological tests are used to assess abstract reasoning and problem solving, memory, attention, language, spatial abilities,..

..will include measures of symptoms, functional impairment, academic performance/achievement, and neuropsychological tests of attention, vigilance, and executive functioning...

..The study will provide critical preliminary data on the clinical utility of oxytocin + CBSST for the improvement of social function in people with schizophrenia. ..

..collected in the HIV+ participants, as well as examine the relationship between the iPad tests and common neuropsychological tests in individuals without brain dysfunction...

..Furthermore, the proposed approach may be expanded and applied to other forms of focal epilepsy in both adults and children to increase the utilization of surgical treatment for these patients. ..

..The study will provide critical preliminary data on the clinical utility of oxytocin + CBSST for the improvement of social function in people with schizophrenia. ..

..The proposal will provide important new data on neuroradiologic and neuropsychological factors contributing to recurrent or chronic depression in older individuals. ..

..The proposal will provide important new data on neuroradiologic and neuropsychological factors contributing to recurrent or chronic depression in older individuals. ..

..Shafran's expertise in spoken language technology, a large clinical cohort monitored with extensive neuropsychological tests, an infrastructure for evaluating new technology, expertise in clinical psychology and epidemiology ..

..If successful, results from this study may be applied in translation to the VA primary care setting to improve VA's ability to efficiently and accurately assess and triage OEF/OIF veterans. ..

..b>Neuropsychological tests of cognitive abilities have long been used to measure changes in cognition related to diseases like ..

..A better understanding how of neurocognitive factors impact substance use and HIV risk is critical to the development, implementation, and adaptation of effective HIV prevention efforts. ..

..This new, secondary outcome would entail administration of a battery of neuropsychological tests assessing working and general memory, psychomotor speed, attention and executive function at baseline and ..

..The significance of the proposed research is to establish effective treatments for visuospatial deficits in right hemisphere stroke survivors so that functional disability and cost of rehabilitation care will be reduced. ..

..The eventual goal of the proposed research is the development of neuropsychological tests that can be used to assess the impacts on cognition of, for example, concussion, aging, and chemotherapy...

..and that greater atrophy will be associated with higher dopamine synthesis and poorer performance on neuropsychological tests reflecting executive function...

....

..The latter in combination with TCD studies will also elucidate the relationship between proximal characteristics observed by TCD and true end organ perfusion outlined by MR. ..

..Occupational exposure also is associated with deficits in neuropsychological tests of memory and visuospatial ability and increased reports of subjective symptoms and disturbed mood...

..b>Neuropsychological tests will assess for left vs right hemisphere functional impairment...

....

..In addition, these studies may illuminate other unexplained aspects of fundamental neuronal-glial-immune system interaction, the nature of brain resident microglia, and the basis for neuropsychiatric disorders of unknown origin. ..

....

..Long-term outcome in each of these groups will be assessed with neuropsychological tests, clinical rating scales administered by research neurologists, and repeated measurements of dopamine ..

..brain metabolite abnormalities on proton MR spectroscopy (1H MRS), along with decreased performance on neuropsychological tests. Our preliminary data also suggest that these children do not show appropriate age-related increases in ..