achievement

Recent research on achievement motivation has begun to examine the effects of environmental factors affecting students' motivational beliefs and goal tendencies...

..that these individual differences in the present correlate with children's past scores on standardized maths achievement tests, extending all the way back to kindergarten...

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..To address these questions, we collected mathematics achievement measures from 6- to 8-year-olds as well as reaction times from a numerical comparison task...

Iron deficiency anemia in infants can cause developmental problems. However, the relationship between iron status and cognitive achievement in older children is less clear.

..In this way we hope to inspire neuroscientists to consider how their basic research might help to explain sporting skill at the highest levels of performance...

The effects of prenatal marijuana and alcohol exposure on school achievement at 10 years of age were examined...

..Environmental exposures may contribute to the observed achievement gap. In particular, childhood lead exposure has been linked to a number of adverse cognitive outcomes...

This article presents a critical analysis of empirical studies assessing literacy and other domains of academic achievement among children with cochlear implants...

..and physical environments in which children are raised affects their resources in the domains of educational achievement and psychosocial adjustment...

..how socioeconomic status, specifically parents' education and income, indirectly relates to children's academic achievement through parents' beliefs and behaviors...

Children (7-11 years old) with standardized academic achievement test scores in the normal range referred for evaluation of learning problems were compared to low-achieving children matched for age, sex, and nonverbal cognitive ability, ..

..We conclude that the putamen is critical for motivation in different domains and the extent of activity of the putamen may be pivotal to the motivation that drives academic achievement and thus academic successes.

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To examine academic achievement in children with diabetes and to identify predictors of achievement.

Research indicates that achievement goals influence cognitive engagement, which, in turn, influences academic achievement...

The relationship between physical fitness and academic achievement has received much attention owing to the increasing prevalence of children who are overweight and unfit, as well as the inescapable pressure on schools to produce ..

..The focus of this paper is on the non-food-related compulsions in individuals with PWS and comparing differences across the three genetic subtypes of the syndrome...

..hypothesis suggests that the prerequisites, concomitants, and consequences of early peaks in career achievement may foster the conditions for premature death...

Most studies have considered the effects of particular characteristics on academic achievement individually, which means that little is known about how they function together...

The current study examined the relationships between academic achievement, sleep, temperament and demographic-historical data in school-age children.

..Prenatal alcohol exposure is associated with learning, behavioral, and academic problems even in children without the fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS)...

..Gender variation in expectations and attainment is discussed in light of historical changes, and future directions of research are proposed...

We examine the extent to which deficits in academic achievement in low birthweight (LBW) children at age 11 are explained by deficits in cognitive abilities at school entry...

Recent research has documented a link between attention problems at school entry and later academic achievement. Little is known about the association of change in attention problems during the early school years with subsequent change ..

..that utilizes an integrated person- and variable-centered approach was applied to identify latent classes of achievement from a cohort of school-age children born at varying birth weights...

..In particular, the former performed significantly more poorly in the science and social science subtests. These findings provide evidence that affective factors might overwhelm cognitive abilities in high-stake tests like the BCT...

Although it has been proposed that the ability to compare numerical magnitudes is related to mathematics achievement, it is not clear whether this ability predicts individual differences in later mathematics achievement...

The objective of the present study was to investigate whether achievement motives, satisfaction with life and happiness are associated with oral health behaviour and perceived gingival status.

..tested the equivalence of a theoretical model of parenting behaviors linking financial strain to adolescents' achievement for African American and European American families and for single- and two-parent families...

..Changes in functional outcomes such as school achievement and behavior in exposed children and adolescents have not been examined...

..nation-level implicit stereotypes predicted nation-level sex differences in 8th-grade science and mathematics achievement. Self-reported stereotypes did not provide additional predictive validity of the achievement gap...

..To explore women's goals and goal attainment for the conservative and surgical treatment of stress urinary incontinence (SUI), and to examine the feasibility of Goal Attainment Scaling (GAS) as an outcome measure in this population...

..New lines of research are proposed based on the conclusions...

..The association between fitness and academic achievement, however, remains to be clarified, especially in young children...

The current study examined grade level, achievement group, and math-course-type differences in student self-regulation and motivation in a sample of 880 suburban middle-school students...

..memory, working memory, and executive functioning in preschool children predict later proficiency in academic achievement at 7 years of age (third year of primary school)...

..to examine relations of number of reciprocated friendships, peer acceptance, and group membership to academic achievement. In both samples, group membership was the most consistent predictor of grades over time...

..We conclude that low mathematical performance is the quantitative extreme of the same genetic and environmental factors responsible for variation throughout the distribution...

..We tested the effects of adolescent substance use on college attendance and completion by young adulthood in the context of the behavioral and familial risk factors that influence substance use...

Using prospectively gathered data across a 35-year follow-up interval, we assessed the association of educational achievement and school behaviors with risk for the development of an alcohol-use disorder in adulthood.

This study aimed to examine the correlations between academic achievement and levels of anxiety and depression in medical students who were experiencing curriculum reform...

..At high levels of symptoms of hyperactivity/impulsivity, the poorer the EF, the higher the levels of physical aggression. Girls with poor EF were less accepted by peers than equivalent boys...

..The purpose of this study was to assess factors that influence patient satisfaction 1 year after pelvic reconstructive surgery...

..This study examines the longitudinal associations between adolescent tobacco and cannabis use and young adult functioning...

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..The high-IQ group had significantly low scores on the Digit Span, Arithmetic, Coding, VMI, and WIAT Written Expression tests, suggesting attention and writing weaknesses...

..writing assignment, significantly improved the grades of African American students and reduced the racial achievement gap by 40%...

Although a negative association between hyperactivity and academic achievement is well documented, little is known about the genetic and/or environmental mechanisms responsible for the association...

..ADHD with EFDs was associated with an increased risk for grade retention and a decrease in academic achievement relative to (a) ADHD alone, (b) controlled socioeconomic status, (c) learning disabilities, and (d) IQ...

To evaluate whether precociously treated subjects with congenital hypothyroidism (CH) are at risk of poor school performance in early adolescence, and to investigate which factors affect their school achievement.

..The "5 a Day Achievement Badge" program was presented on a pilot study basis to African-American Boy Scout troops in Houston.

..in observed parent-child interactions would each make unique predictions to children's reading and math achievement at Grade 3 (controlling for demographic variables), children's reading and math abilities at 54 months, and ..

..has indicated that adolescents' relationships with their mother influence their academic expectations and achievement. Substance use has also been found to have a strong influence on academic expectations and achievement...

..In both studies, children's perceptions varied as a function of the gender, age, and ethnicity of the participants...

..Mathematics achievement was assessed 4 months later (at the middle of first grade) and 1 year later (at the start of second grade)...

..effects models from an explicitly multidimensional perspective demonstrated that academic self-concept and achievement are both a cause and an effect of each other...

..would show greater responses to social rejection stressors, whereas men would demonstrate greater responses to achievement stressors...

BACKGROUND: Specific domains of adaptive behaviours and academic achievement may, in part, depend on executive function capacities...

Bibliometric measures of individual scientific achievement are of particular interest if they can be used to predict future achievement...

..studies investigated the relevance of affect regulation, stressful life events, and congruence between explicit achievement orientation and implicit achievement motive for subjective well-being and symptom formation...

..It is unknown which types of childhood behavioral problems are most likely to predict these outcomes...

There is little previous research examining whether measures of working memory are related to educational achievement in children with intellectual disabilities (ID).

..This paper analyses the Cognitive Abilities Test (CAT) scores of a large and representative sample of UK pupils to determine the extent of any sex differences...

..Also, students' prior mathematics achievement was studied for its influence on both teachers' and students' judgments and students' mathematics performance...

The proposition that achievement goals are applicable to the social domain was examined in four studies...

This study explores the possible-self construction and achievement process in students of color from low-income communities by investigating these processes in 28 college students...

..In addition, not much is known about the effect of streaming on changes in students' academic self-concept over time...

..The study confirms the need for development of child and adolescent health services in Sri Lanka...

Two studies examined hypotheses drawn from a proposed modification of the social-cognitive model of achievement motivation that centered on the 2 x 2 achievement goal framework...

..The results suggest that perceptions of competence and task orientation moderate the relationship between ego orientation and direction of the symptoms of precompetitive anxiety...

..When developing a domain-specific academic self-concept, students are not restricted to social comparisons; they may also make temporal or dimensional comparisons...

..Implications for intervention with subgroups of problem behavior youth and the particular vulnerabilities of African American adolescents were discussed...

..It is recommended that the CD featuring American deaf celebrities be distributed to make hearing people understand deaf people's potential, and to contribute to an environment conducive to their employment in Taiwan...

..Research indicates that affective aspects of development provide a basis for autonomous learning. Pupils' liking for school may be a useful indicator of their relationships with teachers and the school...

..In addition to high risk drinking, a number of other variables were associated with self-perceptions, such as high school alcohol use, low high school GPA, and students' reported academic involvement. These relations are discussed...

..An alternative structural model with perceived competence as the last latent construct in the path was also tested...

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..The effects of feedback on physical education students' motivation are discussed...

..The purpose of the present study was to examine the association between school smoking bans and smoking initiation as a health outcome as well as academic achievement as an educational outcome, taking into account socio-economic status.

..corrected] To analyze the variables related to smoking initiation among adolescent students in two high schools (one public and one private) in the city of Belém, Brazil, in 2005...

This study employed Nicholls' social-cognitive approach to achievement motivation along with beliefs about the causes of success...

..The women's means were higher than the men's but the difference was less than 1.00. Means for four sport groups were similar for the Internal subscale but significantly different on the External subscale...

Research indicates that bipolar disorder is characterized by both high levels of impairment and high levels of achievement. A critical, and yet largely unexamined question, is: what psychological mechanisms promote high accomplishment (..

..study the authors tested a social-contextual view of the mechanisms and processes by which early adolescents' achievement and peer relationships may be promoted simultaneously...

This study analyzes the effects of individual achievement and achievement level of student reference group on test anxiety in a national sample of 769 gifted Israeli students (grade levels 4-9), which was previously investigated by ..

..The authors discussed contextual influences on children's beliefs and the development of children's conceptualizations of intelligence...

..Consideration of motivation in higher education has often been drawn upon theories and research that were based upon school or workplace studies...

..dentistry as a career in this group of students seem to relate to an image of dentistry as a vehicle for the achievement of personal goals. It is recommended that high school students be encouraged to see dentistry first hand...

This study compared the social-emotional implications of academic achievement for students with and without learning disabilities (LD) and identified predictors of effort investment...

..This study seeks to identify the cornerstones of personal bests (PBs) in the educational setting...

We examined a theoretical model of global self-esteem that incorporated constructs from achievement goal and self-determination theories...

..The first study conducted a meta-analysis of the published literature since 1990 to determine the magnitude of achievement problems associated with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)...

..In sum, the authors' findings testify to the importance and utility of studying within-individual variability in personality states over time...

..Alternative interpretations of standard raising, including goals for future improvement and initial standard lowering, were not supported in these studies...

..Some authors conclude that motivation in mathematics stabilizes or improves around grade 9; others propose that the decline is continuous. It is unclear if girls or boys are more affected by this phenomenon...

..A time that poses a particular threat to QoL is the transition from primary to secondary school...

..In the total sample, the Mastery factor accounted for 33.6% of the variance and the Performance factor accounted for 15.4%. Cronbach alpha of the Mastery and Performance scales were .79 and .70, respectively...

..However, the relationship between alcohol use and abuse and performance is unclear because students had high performance scores at both universities along with high alcohol-use scores...

b>Achievement goals and perceived motivational climate are two important constructs in achievement goal theory, and they play critical roles in student motivation and behavior Traditionally, these two constructs have been examined ..

..risk in children with UHL as compared to a control group of siblings with normal hearing, using a standardized achievement assessment; 2) Determine whether educational performance or behavioral problems increase or decrease in ..

..Aim 3 will evaluate the relationship of brain MRI measures to academic achievement, cognition, and behavior...

..b>Achievement of these objectives should make it possible to predict the composition and spatial distribution of the DNA ..

..student understanding of the environmental health sciences as well as improved performance in overall academic achievement, higher-level thinking and problem-solving skills, behavior, and attitudes...

..visit frequency is associated with a reduced patient hospitalization and mortality rate, greater achievement of dialysis clinical performance targets, greater utilization of preventative services, and greater Medicare ..

..AML and high re-expression levels of the methylated ER gene, which in turn directly correlated with achievement of disease remission...

..AML and high re-expression levels of the methylated ER gene, which in turn directly correlated with achievement of disease remission...

Poverty is strongly related to disparities in early child development, school readiness and educational achievement. The early emergence and long-term persistence of disparities underscore the need for effective interventions prior to ..

..that attenuate adverse internalizingand externalizing behaviors, co-occurring substance use & academic achievement problemsamong urban youth with communityviolence exposure...

..Aim 3 will evaluate the relationship of brain MRI measures to academic achievement, cognition, and behavior...

..for an efficacy trial which can evaluate its impact on the targeted parenting skills and on child learning and achievement in a rigorous randomized trial...

..Yet, RD is frequently unrecognized, leading to academic under-achievement with detrimental social and economic consequences...

..for an efficacy trial which can evaluate its impact on the targeted parenting skills and on child learning and achievement in a rigorous randomized trial...

..The achievement of this aim will confirm or deny the widely held, but unproven hypothesis that ROS of mitochondrial origin ..

..and secondary (HIV, Chlamydia, gonorrhea, and trichomoniasis incidences and legal involvement, academic achievement, and employment) outcome domains will be evaluated...

..However, despite initial achievement of an insulin independent state, a progressive loss of beta cell function culminates in the recurrence of ..

..The primary aim of this study is to determine if a math intervention can prevent a significant decline in math achievement in children with ALL who receive triple intrathecal therapy and systemic intermediate dose methotrexate...

..1993; Pynoos et al.,1987; Schwab-Stone et al.,1999; Singer et al., 1995). Academic achievement outcomes have been under explored, as have factors that protect youth against the adverse impact of community ..

..b>Achievement of this objective will show the clinical feasibility of using non-- ionizing ultrasound imaging to screen for ..

..Therefore, achievement of the goals of the parent grant will not be complete without considering the contribution of RDH-E2S...

..findings concerning the development of mathematical abilities in hearing children and empirical research and achievement data indicating that deaf students lag behind hearing age- mates in mathematical proficiencies...

..and executive function contribute to problems in daily functioning (including medication adherence, academic achievement, and adaptive behavior)...

..skills, school leadership/administration skills, school organization, and both student behavior and academic achievement. Despite having strong evidence of effectiveness and being well established, PA faces a major challenge to ..

..and outcome variables has been influenced by our interests in self- regulation, metacognitive theory, academic achievement, and socioemotional adjustment as the children proceed through childhood into adolescence...

..threat'by including an incremental ability component to buoy perceived competence, interest, and achievement of URMs...

..to integrate into school settings due to rising demands for educational testing and accountability for student achievement (Mahoney & Zigler, 2006)...

..to integrate into school settings due to rising demands for educational testing and accountability for student achievement (Mahoney &Zigler, 2006)...

..700 students); b) uses multiple methods (student surveys, teacher ratings, archival data on academic achievement and discipline, focus groups, and interviews; c) includes two samples of students (random and high-risk); d) ..