defense mechanisms

..These findings suggest that implicit positive evaluation of emotion regulation is associated with successful, automatic, and physiologically adaptive down-regulation of anger...

..Specific content domains of the real and ideal self-image and different facets of perfectionism showed distinctive age-related changes and differential relationships with eating pathology...

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..between neuroscience and psychoanalysis, the neuronal processes underlying psychoanalytic constructs such as defense mechanisms remain unclear...

..The aim of this study was to examine the role of active and avoidant coping strategies in predicting mortality in 61 veterans with end-stage renal disease...

..Increasing the subject's abilities to cope with stress and to reduce the negative affect by psychological interventions may on the other hand have a beneficial effect on the immune system...

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..These personality prototypes were found to be related to the use of denial and projection, and especially to the immature manifestations of those defenses, in ways consistent with theory...

..Future studies will need to use designs that allow estimation of state changes while taking sufficient measurements to estimate potential changes in trait levels of defenses...

..The need to identify predictors that can be targets of therapy is of great importance. Coping styles and defense mechanisms have now been linked to suicide in numerous reports...

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..Finally, ways of identifying the effective ingredients in cognitive therapy programmes are discussed...

..knowledge) and personality factors associated with adaptation, represented by the hierarchical model of defense mechanisms (M. Bond, S. Gardner, J. Christian, & J. Sigal, 1983)...

The aim of this study was to evaluate the defense mechanisms used by depressive and anxious patients without comorbidities compared to those used by controls and to determine whether these patterns differ between diagnoses.

..When defense mechanisms were labeled into mature, neurotic, and immature categories, there were no differences between the groups or ..

..They also had significantly higher scores than axis II comparison subjects on eight of the 19 defense mechanisms studied...

..According to psychoanalytic theory, unconscious defense mechanisms may protect nurses from conscious awareness of work-related anxiety...

..medicine/rehabilitation, and critical care/surgery wards to explore the correlations of level of burnout and defense mechanisms with hopelessness...

..Last, evidence is offered to illustrate the validity of mature defenses and their contribution to positive psychology...

..Males with low trait anxiety in adolescence had less distress. The results indicate trait anxiety as an important predictor of mental distress. Gender differences in other predictors suggest gender differences in coping...

..is the dynamic concept of character, that is, a predictable pattern of both adaptive and pathological defense mechanisms, and personality organization comprised of object relations, ego strengths, and superego development...

Differences between heterosexual and non-heterosexual college students on measures of defense mechanisms and psychopathological symptoms were examined...

..Findings from this series of studies offer initial support for the EQ as a measure of decentering...

..Results of the two studies suggest the inventory is useful for assessing the construct of suicide resilience in terms of these three operationally defined dimensions...

..In general, these studies suggest that self-compassion attenuates people's reactions to negative events in ways that are distinct from and, in some cases, more beneficial than self-esteem...

..An analogous moderating effect was found for ruminative coping for girls. Ruminative coping also emerged as a mediator of the relation between uncontrollable stressors and hopelessness for girls...

..Our design did not permit an assessment of whether or not the change in defence mechanisms was due to the therapeutic treatment...

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..As more tests become available for detecting the presence of disease-related genes, instruments such as the IES may prove useful in the evaluation of psychological responses to genetic information...

..Women reported use of a wider range of anger coping styles, especially more social support-seeking and more use of anger diffusion strategies than men...

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..Furthermore, the connections between the OPD axes relationship, conflict, and structure are conceptualized...

..To answer the question posed in the title, the conclusion is that envy presents a central nucleus with different elaborative branches...

..This study examined the schema-level cognitive content and processes that might explain the presence of compulsive behaviours among patients with eating disorders...

..g., denial) or involuntary engagement (e.g., rumination) was less effective in regulating negative affect, and greater use of these strategies was related to higher levels of depressive symptoms and problem behavior...

..Forgiveness is seen as the working through of that splitting and as an important feature in the working through of vengefulness...

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..To identify specific ego defences and core schemas involved in post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptomatology...

..Explanations for these differences are discussed along with implications for the function of worry across the life span...

..Crucial differences in the ways that men and women appraise and cope with situations involving forgiveness are discussed...

..The importance of considering all dimensions of perfectionism simultaneously when examining the functional nature of this construct in sport is discussed...

..This study aimed to develop a measure of distress tolerance, and to validate it clinically with the eating disorders...

..The ability to recognize subtle dissociative states is a valuable tool in the repertoire of the group psychotherapist...

..An understanding of the mechanisms involved seemed to enable some development to proceed...

..It also investigated the relationship between childhood experiences, levels of distress tolerance and eating pathology...

..These results suggest that self-regulation is a key intrapsychic mechanism for alleviating troublesome thoughts and feelings about mortality...

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..These findings underscore the importance of examining the impact of individual differences in negative, as well as positive, emotional expression on cognitive processing and psychological adjustment...

..Available research on chronic exposure to ostracism appears to deplete coping resources, resulting in depression and helplessness...

..Implications for understanding child and adolescent coping with pain are highlighted...

..Induced mood was unrelated to security versus insecurity...

..Second, participants with high explicit self-esteem and high implicit self-esteem displayed the most stable self-esteem. Findings are discussed in terms of secure and fragile high self-esteem...

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..g., self-determination, self-motivation, emotion control, whereas state orientation furthers a perseverance of stress through rumination and self-discipline...

..These results suggest that information processing and psychological features play a key role in the way patients with chronic hepatitis C perceive their disease...

..It has been widely suggested that highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) has improved the psychosocial aspects of living with HIV/AIDS...

..Decreasing opportunities for stress and increasing accurate perceptions of control and subsequently active coping may reduce psychological distress among people with mild mental retardation...

..Individuals who cope more flexibly display a greater extent of differentiation and integration than do those who cope less flexibly. These findings are translated into strategies for stress management workshops...

..The author illustrates his hypotheses with a clinical example...

..First, the authors describe the principal psychoanalytic approaches to autism and reflect on the links possible with non-psychoanalytic work...

..It was concluded that the task-oriented and emotional scales have potential as measures of two types of responses to routine stressors...

..They also showed significant improvements in dyadic satisfaction and forgiveness than nonresolved couples. The results support the attachment injury resolution model and suggest that resolution during EFT is beneficial to couples...

..Issues regarding the functional nature of the two cognitive strategies are discussed...

..In addition, both linear and quadratic associations between PTSD and PTG were found. The authors discuss some unresolved issues related to assessment of PTG and salutary outcomes, and outline directions for future research...

..Results indicate that the therapeutic alliance, transference, and resistance are central components of the psychotherapeutic relationship, which in turn predict the ongoing life experience of the patient...

..Implications and future directions for research are discussed...

..Moreover, mothers of children with autism who showed these characteristics had the greatest life satisfaction overall...

..In both cases, neither depression nor anxiety demonstrated any longitudinal effects on either the Agency or Pathways components of hope. Implications of these findings are discussed, along with potential directions for future research...

..Extreme trauma causes disturbances in each of these dimensions. The authors present clinical material from a traumatized refugee to illustrate the analytic work...

..In terms of practical implications in intervention work, coaches and sport psychologists should try to reduce athletes' maladaptive perfectionism and increase adaptive perfectionism...

..Directions for future research on controlling parenting, perfectionism, and ED are outlined...

..A tendency towards stress-causative behavioral characteristics in Meniere's disease patients may be important in the genesis of endolymphatic hydrops...

..These results suggest that intolerance of uncertainty plays a key role in our understanding of adolescent worry...

..Details are provided of the construction of a summary measure of coping response based upon the above domains and of its relationship with follow-up mood state after allowance for mood levels at initial interview...

..These patterns are compatible with a model where body checking serves the defensive function of maintaining self-esteem, rather than promoting positive levels of narcissistic self-esteem...

..Since the conversion requires the body scheme to portray psychic conflicts the somatogenic organization function (Heuft) is repealed and as a result the aging processes of the body and therefore aging are not dealt with adequately...

..The CADS factors correlated with the defenses of the Defense Mechanisms Manual...

..The results support the validity of borrowing from PTSD models to elucidate the cognitive mechanisms that maintain intrusive memories in depressed samples...

..The results are discussed in terms of the potential mechanisms by which self engagement might protect individuals from stressful circumstances...

..The aim of this study was to identify the tissue defense immunoinflammatory mechanisms present in the healing process of anal region wounds resulting from hemorrhoidectomy by the open technique...

..We present the results of three different approaches to enhance intrinsic cochlear defense mechanisms against oxidative stress...

..subtilisin and trypsin and/or chymotrypsin (T/C/SI) had the widest distribution and may be involved in plant defense mechanisms. They were found in many species of the subfamilies Carduoideae (genera Carthamus, Centaurea, Cirsium), ..

..in response to the imbalance between the aggressive factors promoting mucosal damage and the gastric mucosal defense mechanisms including predominantly gastric blood flow (GBF), biosynthesis of gastroprotective prostaglandins (PG) and ..

..different genera and species can cause organ-limited or systemic infections after disrupting of the natural defense mechanisms in a human organism. The treatment of mycoses still encounters considerable difficulties...

..Balance between pathogenic microorganisms and defense mechanisms of the host might be important in the special immunologic reaction...

..However, at the same time the mucosal immune system must provide local defense mechanisms against environmental threats (e.g. invading pathogens)...

..However, it has been also demonstrated that gastric defense mechanisms, which prevent mucosal injury, are enhanced by the same factors that increase acid secretion...

..of Mycobacterium tuberculosis as one of the dreaded human pathogens lies in its ability to utilize different defense mechanisms in response to the varied environmental challenges during the course of its intracellular infection, latency,..

..Mammalian cells have elaborate antioxidant defense mechanisms to control the damaging effects of ROS...

..cells (LC) are a unique population of antigen-presenting cells in the epidermis which may play a role in the defense mechanisms against skin tumors...

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To investigate the profile of local immunity of vagina and the immune defense mechanisms against lower genital tract infections.

..In contrast, in the mouse, the reactive oxygen species would override antioxidant defense mechanisms and allow the proposed mode of action to move forward...

..Five defense mechanisms are well established for lowlanders who are exposed to acute hypoxic hypoxia...

..Inherited and acquired deficiencies in host defense mechanisms against DNA damage (metabolic and DNA repair enzymes) can modify cancer susceptibility as well as therapy ..

..on neutrophil chemotaxis and activation have been established, their role in modulating innate host defense mechanisms is poorly understood. In a previous study (M. Bailie, T. Standiford, L. Laichalk, M. Coffey, R...

..However, defense mechanisms and responses to these bacterial infections in the lung in vivo remain poorly understood...

Existing evidence suggests that oxidative insults and antioxidant defense mechanisms play a critical role in the host cell response during infection of endothelial cells by Rickettsia rickettsii, the causative agent of Rocky Mountain ..

..gene silencing (PTGS), is involved in several biological phenomena, including adaptative defense mechanisms against plant viruses...

..of cold normal saline solution is a simple and inexpensive method for initiating hypothermia, human cold-defense mechanisms potentially make this route stressful or ineffective...

..Iron that is essential for virtually all bacterial growth is actively withheld by mammalian defense mechanisms. Bordetella pertussis and Bordetella bronchiseptica are highly genetically related bacterial species that ..

..This project investigates the role of TLRs in chronic lung disease in conjunction with Projects 2, 3 and 4. In addition, patient samples from Project 2 will be analyzed. The project will interact with all the Cores. (End of Abstract) ..

..leads to their degradation, some pathogenic microorganisms survive phagocytosis and evade macrophage defense mechanisms. Listeria monocytogenes is an intracellular pathogen that survives by passing from phagosomes into cytoplasm...

..define host cellular responses during the invasion process and enhance those responses that are relevant to defense mechanisms. Compelling experimental evidence suggests that the primary effector cell responsible for Candida clearance ..

..in the abilities of SF and typhus group (TG) organisms to trigger ROS generation and activate anti-oxidant defense mechanisms, likely due to distinct differences in their intracytoplasmic behavior...

..media is a cytokine dependent process and that mucins are associated with chronic ear disease, middle ear defense mechanisms and pathogen viability...

..media is a cytokine dependent process and that mucins are associated with chronic ear disease, middle ear defense mechanisms and pathogen viability...

..on the effects of the RAS on the plasminogen activator system, which serves as one of the major endogenous defense mechanisms against intravascular thrombosis, and plays a critical role in vascular and tissue remodeling as well...

..Recruitment of neutrophils into the lungs is one of the most important defense mechanisms in the initial host defense against bacterial infection...

..Recruitment of neutrophils into the lungs is one of the most important defense mechanisms in the initial host defense against bacterial infection...

In the oral cavity, where multiple bacteria colonize, epithelial cells engage in innate defense mechanisms, which include building a physical barrier against infection and secreting innate immune antimicrobial peptides...

..Recruitment of neutrophils into the lungs is one of the most important defense mechanisms in the initial host defense against bacterial infection...

..new therapeutic strategies to improve myocardial tolerance to ischemia by targeting the heart's endogenous defense mechanisms against oxidative stress...

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..Therefore, we have been seeking to better understand how CD4+ T cell independent (CD4IND) host defense mechanisms might defend against PC...

Antimicrobial polypeptides (APs) are key components of the primary defense mechanisms of mucus membranes, providing first-line inactivation of bacteria, fungi and viruses on the vast epithelial surfaces that line the respiratory, ..

..in long term immune reconstitution in patients with AIDS, understanding non-CD4+ T cell dependent host defense mechanisms operative in opportunistic infections may be critical...

..Deficiencies in these defenses may result in recurrent airway infections. One of these defense mechanisms is the inducible production of beta-defensins, a class of homologous antibiotic peptides highly abundant in ..

..Furthermore, these studies will provide information that could be used to design vaccines and new therapies based on immunological reagents such as antibodies. ..

..Furthermore, these studies will provide information that could be used to design vaccines and new therapies based on immunological reagents such as antibodies. ..

..By comparing the immune response in Ab-permissive and Ab-non-permissive murine strains we will learn the conditions and mechanisms by which Ab-mediates protection against C. neoformans. ..