gift giving

..To orient future research, a possible agenda is outlined, which links evidence to be obtained to the defining features of gratitude payments...

..We surveyed physicians to collect information about their financial associations with industry and the factors that predict those associations...

..These findings suggest that female behavior in genuine gift-giving species is susceptible to the invasion of male cheating on reproductive investment...

..Medical educators have a duty of care to protect students from influence by pharmaceutical companies...

..To assess the influence of pharmaceutical advertising (in the form of books) directed at medical students and also to examine students' attitudes toward pharmaceutical representatives after interacting with them...

..A clear policy response to informal payments is, however, lacking. The current study explores informal payments in Bulgaria within a conceptual framework developed by triangulating information using a variety of methodologies...

..The article outlines cultural responses to gift giving and ethical issues surrounding healthcare professionals' responses to pharmaceutical marketing strategies...

..Little is known about the influence of gift giving on their behavior...

..It is needed to test whether paternal and maternal ABC prevent the development of mental health problems in later life...

..While exposure to and attitudes about drug company interactions among residents have been studied extensively, relatively little is known about relationships between drug companies and medical students...

..Pharmaceutical samples are commonly used in ambulatory care settings. There is limited research on their use or impact on health care providers and patients...

..All of these relationships have the potential to influence a physician's attitudes and practices. This paper explores the ethical quandaries involved and offers guidelines for ethical business relationships...

..This article explores the relevant pressing ethical issues and proposals for changing course and managing these potentially troublesome relationships...

..To round up, we will examine how the principles laid down in these documents are being interpreted in the Belgian case-law...

..The authors also sought to study the prevalence of program policies and the desire for organizational policies...

..Ricardo Martinez, MD, PhD; Pamela A. Parra, MD, Vice-Chair; William G. Rhea, Jr., MD; Rajasekharan Warrier, MD; Roger Zoorob, MD; Jeanette Harmon, MBA, Director of Administration; and JoAnna Cline, Medical Education Coordinator.)..

..Clinical psychology shows signs of both joining and resisting this process...

..We propose a policy under which academic medical centers would take the lead in eliminating the conflicts of interest that still characterize the relationship between physicians and the health care industry...

..After a brief description of the nature and scope of the practice of gift giving, this article examines major arguments for and against this practice...

..To describe change in residents' attitudes toward gifts from and interactions with industry and to measure the effects of a formal educational workshop on changes in perceptions...

..We examined whether an innovative, mandatory workshop for third year medical students had immediate effects on knowledge and attitudes regarding interactions with PCRs...

..To interact with marketing people is appropriate, not unethical. However we must not be influenced in any way that would disadvantage our patients...

..We believe that clearly stated guidance will benefit the biomedical industry and physicians alike...

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..Providers who interact with drug reps must exercise caution to prevent compromise of the patient-physician relationship...

..Policies and guidelines that rely on arbitrary value limits for gift-giving or receipt should be reevaluated...

..The method is now being adopted in a short course format to assist the professional integration of foreign trained engineers...

..Of course these issues are not unique to dentistry; they apply to all health care providers. Nor is this a new problem, but it requires fixing for the future of ethical dental practice...

..To monitor compliance with the International Code of Marketing of Breastmilk Substitutes in health systems, sales outlets, distribution points, and the news media in Togo and Burkina Faso, west Africa...

..To assess legislation requiring drug companies to report gifts to providers, and to evaluate the information obtained...

..In the opinion of majority of the respondents who were laureates of competitions as chosen at random, competitions with prizes organized at the end of campaigns are an effective method of antinicotine prevention...

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..05), and that other physicians' prescribing patterns could be negatively influenced through the acceptance of gifts (p < .05). A brief educational intervention can change resident attitudes concerning physician interactions with PRs...

..This raises the question of the meaning of pointing in great apes and their ability to understand the communicative intent of others...

..This practice increases the cost of the drugs and is, in effect, a "sick tax," which is morally wrong...

..The baseline to assess impact of a mass education-entertainment programme offered an opportunity to identify risk factors for domestic physical violence...

..A memorial fund has been established at the Yale Child Study Center in her name. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)...

..The objectives of this study are to describe the mechanism of the program and to present initial donor outcome...

..These results indicate that it is crucial for future studies on sexual selection in polyandrous species to integrate both precopulatory and postcopulatory episodes to fully understand the evolution of male traits...

..Transplantation had now achieved its rightful place in the clinical armamentarium...

..The methodology also enabled an approach to interventions sensitive to different circumstances associated with risk within the town while identifying structural factors affecting risk at the level of the town as a whole...

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..Many of them were doused with kerosene and set alight. Most died at the time of the incident or within the subsequent 24 hours, most commonly from shock...

..These findings highlight the role correlational sexual selection can play in optimizing nonsexual male morphology and scaling relationships. This study questions the role of the nuptial gift in dance flies as a resource for females...

..There is a need for youth-friendly family planning services and to make abortion safe and legal, in order to reduce unwanted pregnancies and abortion-related complications and deaths among adolescent girls...

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..Most died at the time of the incident or within the subsequent 24h, most commonly from shock...

..Oftentimes however, it is the reasons for the out-migration that have been described in the literature. The work and domestic situations of those health professionals continuing to serve in their posts have not been adequately studied...

..Broader dissemination of guidelines may be one means of changing physician behavior. At the same time, future guidelines should further consider the potentially different viewpoints of patients and physicians...

..biocellata. The special behavior of sex chromosomes in T. biocellata as well as the different G-banding pattern of this species suggests the existence of novel modifications in this species...

..The implications of these results with regard to the maintenance of the female-biased size dimorphic system are discussed...

..To examine the nature of the link between food advertising in UK magazines aimed at children and young people and Internet food marketing, to establish whether consideration should be given to tightening existing controls...

..male size. Researchers working on other study systems should be alerted to the possible importance of subtle, but consequential, indirect selection on their study organisms...

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..quot;Drama," a hallmark of gay youth, is viewed in the context of romantic culture...

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..We propose that death feigning evolved as an adaptive male mating strategy in conjunction with nuptial gift giving under the risk of being victimized by females.

..abstract:..

..To study the differences in sexual practices, hygienic behaviors, and other HIV risk factors between circumcised and uncircumcised men...

..In addition to their relevance to reproductive mechanisms in a range of organisms including mammals, we anticipate that our findings will have practical applications in the control of insect vectors of human disease. ..

..Findings from the extended follow-up of the Growing up with Media study will provide insight into the etiology of sexual violence perpetration as youth transition from adolescence into adulthood. ..

..classify and measure transfers by type (gifts, borrowing-lending) and by source (family,caste, other) to quantify the role of the immediate and extended family in the larger community context...

..Finally, the instrumentation will be used to support research in high-throughput protein structure production by the NIH-funded Northeast Structural Genomics Consortium. ..

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..Results will be disseminated through publications in peer-reviewed journals and presentations at scientific meetings. ..

..Results will be disseminated through publications in peer-reviewed journals and presentations at scientific meetings. ..

..Hypotheses will be tested using univariate and multivariate statistical techniques. Results will be disseminated through publications in peer-reviewed journals and presentations at scientific meetings. ..

..By developing and disseminating newly digitized historical state-level mortality data, this project will aid other researchers working in this area as well. ..

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..Findings of this study will be of widespread interest and assistance to the general public of aged and aging adults and to geriatric care managers, health personnel, social service providers, housing specialists, and attorneys. ..

..Thus, we exploit the powerful genetics of Drosophila to elucidate efficiently the molecules and gene pathways needed to start development in humans. ..

..The proposed study has the potential to provide such evidence and to impact policy in the domains of both transportation/urban planning and public health. ..

..Importantly, this study will also assist in achieving ARRA aims by stimulating economic growth through the hiring and continued funding of entry and upper level personnel in Philadelphia, PA and Wilmington, DE. ..

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..Early identification and pre-emptive interventions prior to encountering retention problems in cancer clinical trials may mitigate respondent burden and lead to completion of important, resource intensive clinical trials. ..

..Findings of this study will be of widespread interest and assistance to the general public of aged and aging adults and to geriatric care managers, health personnel, social service providers, housing specialists, and attorneys. ..

..In addition to their relevance to reproductive mechanisms in a range of organisms including mammals, we anticipate that our findings will have practical applications in the control of insect vectors of human disease. ..

..S. men and women are high, an inverse association would be of considerable public health importance. Moreover, it would shed light on a mechanism of colon carcinogenesis. ..

..f) The likelihood of continuing to generate unexpected and valuable fundamental knowledge about the cell, genetic and molecular biology of this important organism. ..

..Simultaneously, they will permit the first genetic dissection of a non-lamin nuclear envelope component, and its developmental function, in an animal...

..Our proposed endeavor will generate new knowledge for wide dissemination and publication that can inform future evidence-based PGR ethics guidelines and generate further empirical ethics research on PGR. ..

..abstract_text> ..

..A better understanding of these issues can be applied to design self-regulation training programs that can be used to help children and adults who have disorders related to difficulties with self-regulation. ..

..Our proposed endeavor will generate new knowledge for wide dissemination and publication that can inform future evidence-based PGR ethics guidelines and generate further empirical ethics research on PGR. ..

..Our proposed endeavor will generate new knowledge for wide dissemination and publication that can inform future evidence-based PGR ethics guidelines and generate further empirical ethics research on PGR. ..

..g., contingency management protocols; employment, public assistance), and to determine whether higher magnitudes of payments contribute to higher follow-up rates. ..

..The proposed study has the potential to provide such evidence and to impact policy in the domains of both transportation/urban planning and public health. ..

..To our knowledge, this will be the first randomized, controlled evaluation of these consent interventions in a criminal offender or drug-abusing population. ..

..Importantly, this study will also assist in achieving ARRA aims by stimulating economic growth through the hiring and continued funding of entry and upper level personnel in Philadelphia, PA and Wilmington, DE. ..

..Our proposed endeavor will generate new knowledge for wide dissemination and publication that can inform future evidence-based PGR ethics guidelines and generate further empirical ethics research on PGR. ..

..The results will assist researchers and IRB's in their task of developing and implementing effective, validated, and ethical follow-up procedures. ..

..Through the plan for development of my research career, I hope to contribute to the advancement of vital, ethically sound research involving mentally ill people and members of other special and potentially vulnerable, populations. ..