mechanics

..Our approach should help engineers to estimate the damping needed to stabilize other exceptionally crowded footbridges against synchronous lateral excitation by pedestrians...

..Moreover, in contrast with other biopolymers, fibrin fibers intrinsically stiffen when stretched. The resulting hierarchy of elastic regimes explains the incredible resilience of fibrin clots against large deformations...

..These results demonstrate that task-dependent changes in reflex function can be mediated through multiple neural pathways and that these pathways have task-specific roles...

Molecular mechanics gives us a well known model of molecular structure. It is less widely recognized that valence bond theory gives us structures which offer a direct interpretation of molecular mechanics formulations and parameters...

..Finally, we discuss relatively simple thermodynamic/mechanical models that allow quantitative interpretation of experimental observations...

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..We present a multiscale RBC model that is able to predict RBC mechanics, rheology, and dynamics in agreement with experiments...

..In this paper, the basic facts about EOF are reviewed from the perspective of fluid mechanics and its effect on separations in free solution capillary zone electrophoresis is discussed in the light of ..

This article introduces a discrete reaction-diffusion-mechanics (dRDM) model to study the effects of deformation on reaction-diffusion (RD) processes...

..The objective of the present work was to investigate the in vivo implant mechanics of flexible, silicon-based ACREO microelectrode arrays recently developed by the VSAMUEL consortium (European ..

Application of a micro-mechanics cell model to dentin composites for determination of their effective mechanical properties is discussed in this paper...

..Membrane tether growth can be enhanced or reduced pharmacologically with consequent effects on PSGL-1/P-selectin lifetimes...

..Finally, recent technological developments offer exciting new avenues for experimental studies...

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..107). We anticipate that, when surgery is indicated for treating acromioclavicular joint injury, an augmented Weaver-Dunn reconstruction will yield a joint that is less painful, more functional and less likely to require revision...

..We provide an overview of recent work using molecular mechanics energy functions to address this challenge...

..A simple microscopic model allows us to explain these features of our observations, and provides us with a baseline framework to understand active biomechanical networks...

..To ensure secure foothold visco-elastic suspended muscles serve as shock absorbers. Experiments with technically implemented leg models, which explore some of these principles, are promising...

..is no consensus regarding the extent of meniscectomy leading to deleterious effects on tibiofemoral contact mechanics. HYPOTHESIS: The meniscus aids in optimizing tibiofemoral contact mechanics, increasing contact area, and ..

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..established by the United States Environmental Protection Agency, information on dust generation and transport mechanics is needed to determine the particulate hazard of dust sources...

..56 for all substrates. These results are compared to those from similar calculations on HIV-1 protease and discussed in relation to the rate-limiting steps in the catalytic mechanism and the entropic contributions...

We propose a statistical mechanics model for DNA melting in which base stacking and pairing are explicitly introduced as distinct degrees of freedom...

..05) lower than that of the pure Ti. The cast Ti-Hf alloys tested can be considered viable alternatives to CP Ti because they were stronger than CP Ti and had similar elongation...

..14 +/- 10.21) GPa. No size effect of this parameter was observed within the accuracy of the present measurement...

..In this paper we will focus on a special type of nanoelectro-mechanical processes in this system and investigate single electronic effects in there...

..This method can be used to evaluate the mechanics of every kind of medium; and is a new way to determine the mechanical parameters used in engineering design in ..

..In addition, FE analysis was effective for evaluating stress distributions of dental composite resins with various filler sizes...

..Moreover, a metallic catheter using a Ni-free Ti-based SMA with high biocompatibility is introduced...

..But a multi-bracket session can be long, and the reduction of time spent in the chair obtained by using plasma lamps seems to make this technique preferable...

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..The aim of the present study was to determine the surface hardness of light- and auto-cured resins for the fabrication of occlusal splints employing Vickers hardness measurements...

..Nanotube surface engineering combined with methods producing oriented nanocomposites should bring exceptional materials in the near future...

..The binary buckling pattern observed here allowed the "one-shot" evaluation of the elastic moduli of two compositionally different regions (with and without gold nanoparticles)...

..Electrospun collagen type II scaffolds produce a suitable environment for chondrocyte growth, which potentially establishes the foundation for the development of articular cartilage repair...

..This differed significantly from the much lower compression resistance seen in the unadulterated BioOss [0.92 MPa (SD+/-0.04)]. Following this, the in vivo engineered bone has a similar mechanical compression stability as natural bone...

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..03, p=0.005). CONCLUSIONS: Gentamcin shows better release characteristics from Palacos R. Both cements exhibited synergistic release of combined antibiotics...

..46 GPa (equivalent to 0.70 N/tex assuming a density of 2.1 g/cm(3)). The experiments indicate that significant improvements in the mechanical properties can be accomplished by optimizing the process conditions...

..Brillouin light scattering (BLS) was employed to measure phononic modes of the structure as a function of mechanical strain. The results demonstrate that the phononic band diagram of such structures can be tuned mechanically...

..This investigation showed that viscoelastic properties of 3DF scaffolds could be modulated to accomplish mechanical requirements for tailored tissue engineered applications...

..This value is close to the theoretical fracture strength, which indicates that surface or volume defects, if present, play only a minor role in fracture initiation...

..Thus, nano-indentation is a sensitive technique for examining interfacial mechanics and mechanical consequences of biologic reactivity of composite materials.

..To enhance our understanding of plasmalemmal vesicles we need to improve the understanding of the mechanics in regions of high membrane curvatures...

..In spite of the prevailing view, which considers mechanics as the real cause of such effects, here, we propose a different argument, purely based on geometry...

..Thirdly, fracture and fatigue properties of CNT/polymer nanocomposites are reviewed, since these properties are important, especially when these new nanocomposite materials are applied for structural applications...

..Hardness measurements with penetration depths as small as 1 nm yield H= approximately 25 GPa, thus showing a drastic increase with penetration depths below 5 nm...

..It is thought that no other materials can display this continuously reversible response of so large a magnitude, making rubber nanocomposites important for actuator applications...

..Such measurements obviate the need to apply the force-deformation approach and may be used to enable stiffness imaging...

..We used the device to obtain the first stress-strain curve of an isolated collagen fibril producing the modulus and some fatigue properties of this soft nanofibril...

..Both experimental and theoretical aspects of these topics are reviewed...

..We find that nanoporous gold can be as strong as bulk Au, despite being a highly porous material, and that the ligaments in nanoporous gold approach the theoretical yield strength of Au...

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..The bending radii of these systems are predicted using a simple model including effects of light intensity, material composition and actuator thickness...

..We obtain the practical work of adhesion for an idealized fibrillated interface under equal load sharing. We then analyse the peeling of a fibrillar surface from a rigid substrate and establish a criterion for ELS...

..Dope solutions with rc-silk protein concentrations >20% and postspinning draw were necessary to achieve improved mechanical properties of the spun fibers. Fiber properties correlated with finer fiber diameter and increased birefringence...

..A 70% reduction in elastic modulus was found in Al(18)B(4)O(33) nanowires compared with their bulk counterpart. Al(18)B(4)O(33) nanowires exhibited higher hardness and elastic modulus than Al(4)B(2)O(9) nanowires...

..Existing processing techniques for these particles, which introduce imperfections, limit their current usefulness...

..The full coupling between the thermal and the mechanical conditions used in this study appears to be necessary if accurate predictions of the polyethylene deformation are required...

..The main features of the instrument are presented along with experimental methodology and analysis of results. The adaptation of the instrument to other mechanical tests is briefly described...

..The unique properties seem to be attributed to the characteristic structures of the nano-metals full of grain boundaries...

..This opens up the possibility of quantitative comparison and control of adhesion between nanotubes or nanowires on different substrates...

..In the nitrogen environment, however, the thermal stability systematically decreases with increasing clay loading...

..Circumferential cracks were observed in the porcelains with cristobalite. These results suggested that cristobalite could strengthen fracture toughness of feldspathic porcelains, but not flexural strength...

..6+/-1.5 GPa and large irreversible strains that exceeded 220%. The large fiber stretch ratios were the result of a cascade of periodic necks that formed during cold drawing of the nanofibers...

..Composite modulus and break strength increased with increasing glass content due to the change in composition and pore content...

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..A transition in fracture behaviour from ductile to brittle behaviour was observed in samples containing between 30 and 40 vol% filler...

..Additional investigations by circular-dichroism spectroscopy showed that dispersed fibrils were structurally stable in aqueous solution between pH 3 and pH 8, and in sodium phosphate buffer of concentration between 50 mM and 1 M...

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..These data are essential for piezoelectric thin film process specification and the design and qualification of microelectromechanical systems devices...

..Although a bucky plastic derived from a vinylimidazolium ion-based ionic liquid monomer shows a comparable conductivity to that of the methacrylate version, the film is brittle irrespective of the presence or absence of SWNTs...

The role of surface roughness in contact mechanics is relevant to processes ranging from adhesion to friction, wear and lubrication...

..2 wt% ZnO/PET composite could be a promising upgrade of PET due to the considerable improvement in mechanical properties...

..In addition, high FN and LM concentrations affected collagen fibre assembly and structure and induced drastic effects on rheological and transport properties...

..Our results point out important differences in the morphology and mechanical behavior of the fabricated nanowire-based structures with respect to equivalent bulk material structures...

..SGFR epoxy Sawbones do not accurately represent the material properties of bone at body temperature...

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..The Ti-30% Nb alloy exhibited significantly better grindability at low grinding speed with higher hardness, strength, and Young's modulus than titanium, presumably due to precipitation of the omega phase in the beta matrix...

..This mode of motion has been the generally accepted concept of the ossicle-chain mechanics up to now...

..Lung disease in preterm infants is often complicated with lung edema...

..Combining these gases could have an additive effect on dynamic hyperinflation and a greater impact on respiratory mechanics and exercise tolerance.

..20 mm Hg pneumoperitoneum, and body posture (30 degrees head down and 30 degrees head up) on respiratory system mechanics, oxygenation, and ventilation during laparoscopy...

..effects of partial liquid ventilation (PLV) with and without inhaled nitric oxide (NO) over a 4-h period on lung mechanics, gas exchange, and hemodynamics in an animal model of meconium aspiration syndrome (MAS)...

..The aim of the study was to assess whether high molecular weight synthetic polymers, in the form of simple skin treatment formulations, could modify mechanical properties of natural skin as well as artificial skin models...

To investigate the middle ear mechanics of Type III stapes columella tympanoplasty using laser-Doppler vibrometry (LDV) and to determine whether LDV was useful in the identification of structural factors responsible for poor hearing ..

..This absence is addressed here by the use of explicit-solvent molecular dynamics simulations and ONIOM quantum mechanics/molecular mechanics (QM/MM) calculations...

..Quantification of dynamic pulmonary mechanics in VLBW infants who receive low-dose dexamethasone has not been reported...

..properties in an animal model of rotator cuff repair, and passive motion has been shown to improve joint mechanics in animal models of flexor tendon repair...

Premature infant lung development may be affected by lung injuries during the first few weeks of life. Lung injuries have been associated with changes in lung mechanics.

..This work has made use of various types of quantum mechanics (QM) and molecular mechanics (MM) methods to determine which is the most accurate and computationally efficient...

To study the changes of respiratory mechanics in patients with obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) during sleep.

..study are first to understand the kinematics of the knee joint during flexion, and second to characterize the mechanics of the knee joint under anterior-posterior loading...

..We set out to determine whether the use of the Partner Violence Screen (PVS) increases detection of DV and to test the mechanics of implementing large-scale DV screening in a busy, pediatric residency training clinic.

..river cooter turtles (Pseudemys concinna) during terrestrial walking led to three primary conclusions about the mechanics of limb bone loading in this lineage: (1) the femur was loaded in a combination of axial compression, bending ..

..Data concerning effects of AWL on respiratory mechanics are scant. We therefore used a noninvasive method to evaluate whether the AWL could offset these effects...

As the response of the myocardium to pressure overload is age-dependent, this study was designed to examine left ventricular (LV) remodeling, mechanics, and tissue characterization in children with moderate congenital aortic stenosis.

The purpose of this study was to compare the longitudinal, circumferential, and radial mechanics of the left ventricle (LV) in patients with constrictive pericarditis (CP) and restrictive cardiomyopathy (RCM).

The proposed project explores the mechanics of the cochlea and middle ear via measurements of sound pressure in the cochlea, the ear canal and the middle ear cavity...

..biochemical, and even cytological approaches, it provides a useful model for understanding retrotransposon mechanics. In the current funding period, the assembling Ty3 VLP was characterized by density sedimentation, RNA ..

..We hypothesize that tizanidine and the LOKOMAT will each modify reflex function and muscle mechanics;however, combining these techniques will improve outcomes over each intervention separately...

..We hypothesize that tizanidine and the LOKOMAT will each modify reflex function and muscle mechanics; however, combining these techniques will improve outcomes over each intervention separately...

The proposed project explores the mechanics of the cochlea and middle ear via measurements of sound pressure in the cochlea, the ear canal and the middle ear cavity...

..During treatment these patients will likely require some space closure or regaining via sliding mechanics. Unfortunately the uncertainty of frictional forces complicates the practitioner's best efforts to move teeth...

..Experiments will focus on transducer channel adaptation and hair bundle mechanics to define their regulation by Ca2+ and roles in frequency selectivity...

..Experiments will focus on transducer channel adaptation and hair bundle mechanics to define their regulation by Ca2+ and roles in frequency selectivity...

..Experiments will focus on transducer channel adaptation and hair bundle mechanics to define their regulation by Ca2+ and roles in frequency selectivity...

..Yet, the mechanics and ECM organization of engineered constructs for implantation have yet to match those of the native tissue and ..

..Yet, the mechanics and ECM organization of engineered constructs for implantation have yet to match those of the native tissue and ..

..Presently, there is no information on cartilage mechanics in small animal models (e.g...

Tendon injuries through overuse, overload and/or tears are common conditions which can dramatically alter joint mechanics in a complex and multifactorial manner leading to significant joint damage...

..We will continue an observational study of respiratory mechanics in a large cohort of patients with COPD before and after lung transplantation and LVRS...

..This proposal focuses on the skeletal mechanics of the wrist and distal forearm during functional tasks...

..several decades of sophisticated biomechanical studies of cartilage, an accurate understanding of cartilage mechanics remains elusive due to its remarkable versatility and complexity...

..mechanisms can be studied in an isolated fashion but connecting mechanical cellular response to organ level mechanics and human movement requires a multiscale approach...

The goal of this proposal is to apply a multi-scale analysis of the mechanics of convergent extension, identifying biomechanical mechanisms that regulate cell shape and drive mediolateral cell behaviors, establish passive tissue ..

..Recent advances in vascular biology and mechanics suggest a paradigm shift in hypertension research...

..quantify the key biomechanical characteristics of human laryngeal tissues, so as to better understand the tissue mechanics of voice production, the potential mechanical factors responsible for voice disorders related to vocal overuse ..

..quantify the key biomechanical characteristics of human laryngeal tissues, so as to better understand the tissue mechanics of voice production, the potential mechanical factors responsible for voice disorders related to vocal overuse ..

..the important issue of how sound energy travels out of the cochlea and to provide a bridge between cochlear mechanics and otoacoustic emissions...

..For example molecular mechanics/dynamics will be used to investigate the binding of polysaccharides to Chitinase A while coupled quantum ..

..tidal volume (Vt) and frequency on a cycle by cycle basis, called variable ventilation(VV), improves both lung mechanics and oxygenation in a rodent model of acute lung injury...

..by conducting a prospective study to fill critical gaps in the available knowledge on the nature of walking mechanics changes, graft function and cartilage thinning following ACL reconstruction...

..in a similar way, thus playing an insignificant role in comparison to the differences in the two treatment mechanics. The specific aims (SA) are: SA-1 Characterize and quantify the mechanics of the treatment strategies using our ..

..in a similar way, thus playing an insignificant role in comparison to the differences in the two treatment mechanics. The specific aims (SA) are: SA-1 Characterize and quantify the mechanics of the treatment strategies using our ..

The primary objective of this research is to further our understanding of the mechanics of the healthy cochlea. A secondary objective is to understand how sound is transmitted through the healthy middle ear...

..The objective is to elucidate how mechanics regulate these molecular processes in order to understand how their functions are regulated by the blood flow in ..