glycosylation

..post-translational level, and the current data support the hypothesis that MT1-MMP activity is modulated by glycosylation. Enzymatic deglycosylation, site-directed mutagenesis, and lectin precipitation assays were used to ..

..These findings expand our understanding of the mechanisms that underlie congenital muscular dystrophy...

..sparse, did not map generally to known neutralization epitopes, and involved primarily changes in N-linked glycosylation. This pattern of escape, and the exceptional density of HIV-1 envelope glycosylation generally, led us to ..

O-GalNAc-glycosylation is one of the main types of glycosylation in mammalian cells...

..consistent with this, antibodies able to block 2G12 binding to recombinant gp120 were not detected in significant quantities in 16 HIV-positive human serum samples...

N-linked glycosylation is the most frequent modification of secreted and membrane-bound proteins in eukaryotic cells, disruption of which is the basis of the congenital disorders of glycosylation (CDGs)...

Investigations into bacterial protein glycosylation continue to progress rapidly...

..This reveals characteristics of the envelope glycoprotein that influence HIV-1 transmission and may have implications for vaccine design...

..Because this solution is available for cell-surface receptors but not for most antibodies, conformational masking enables HIV-1 to maintain receptor binding and simultaneously to resist neutralization...

..using plants as a production system for therapeutic proteins is their inability to perform authentic human N-glycosylation (i.e. the presence of beta1,2-xylosylation and core alpha1,3-fucosylation)...

..The magnitude of this response was associated with shorter V1-to-V5 envelope lengths and fewer glycosylation sites, particularly in the V1-V2 region...

..by viral matrix proteins of Lassa virus or Marburg virus was markedly inhibited by tetherin and that N-linked glycosylation of tetherin was dispensable for this antiviral activity...

..Advancing the knowledge on glycan function into appropriate pathology models is likely to suggest interesting new therapeutic strategies in the treatment of immune- and inflammation-mediated diseases...

..We describe our experiences with the development of prediction methods for phosphorylation and glycosylation sites and the development of PTM-specific databases...

..Sialylation was at great uniformity when glycosylation mutants that lack plant-specific N-glycan residues were used as expression hosts...

..and FLS2, sensing bacterial translation elongation factor Tu (elf18) and flagellin (flg22), respectively, in N-glycosylation mutants...

..This is the first description of mutations in the human LARGE gene and we propose to name this new disorder MDC1D...

..In stark contrast to recombinant gp120, which shows extensive exposure to cellular glycosylation enzymes (>70% complex type glycans), the native envelope shows barely detectable processing beyond the ..

..Changes in the envelope variable loop sequences, particularly the extent of glycosylation, have been implicated in antibody escape...

..The division of synthesis and processing between the ER and the Golgi complex represents an evolutionary adaptation that allows efficient exploitation of the potential of oligosaccharides...

..For example, in rheumatoid arthritis, an autoimmune disease, agalactosylated glycoforms of aggregated immunoglobulin G may induce association with the mannose-binding lectin and contribute to the pathology...

..The protein products of POMGnT1 and Fukutin have both been implicated in protein glycosylation. To unravel the genetic basis of WWS, we first performed a genomewide linkage analysis in 10 consanguineous ..

Two LC-ESI-MS methods for the analysis of antibody glycosylation are presented. In the first approach, tryptic glycopeptides are separated by RP chromatography and analyzed by ESI-MS...

..This therapeutic molecule precisely defines the biologically active component of IVIG and helps guide development of an IVIG replacement with improved activity and availability...

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) encodes two viral envelope glycoproteins. E1 contains 4 or 5 N-linked glycosylation sites and E2 contains up to 11, with most of the sites being well conserved, suggesting that they play an essential role in some ..

The study of N-linked glycosylation as it relates to virus biology has become an area of intense interest in recent years due to its ability to impart various advantages to virus survival and virulence...

..b>Glycosylation is a critical protein quality attribute that can modulate the efficacy of a commercial therapeutic ..

N-Glycosylation starts in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) where a 14-sugar glycan composed of three glucoses, nine mannoses, and two N-acetylglucosamines (Glc(3)Man(9)GlcNAc(2)) is transferred to nascent proteins...

Protein glycosylation is an important post-translational modification. It is a feature that enhances the functional diversity of proteins and influences their biological activity...

..and slowly progressive ophthalmological symptoms are common features in patients with congenital disorders of glycosylation type I...

..we address an important and largely overlooked issue in antigenic drift: how does the number and location of glycosylation sites affect HA evolution in man? We analyzed the glycosylation status of all full-length H1 subtype HA ..

..the last four decades, H3N2 subtype influenza A viruses have gradually acquired additional potential sites for glycosylation within the globular head of the hemagglutinin (HA) protein...

..Here we demonstrate that a deficiency in beta1,6 N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase V (Mgat5), an enzyme in the N-glycosylation pathway, lowers T-cell activation thresholds by directly enhancing TCR clustering...

It is well established that proper N-glycosylation significantly influences the efficacy of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs)...

..Protein overlay assays and coimmunoprecipitation experiments established that phosphorylation and glycosylation, on both Nicotiana tabacum NON-CELL-AUTONOMOUS PATHWAY PROTEIN1 (Nt-NCAPP1) and the phloem NCAPs, are ..

..of Ser-62 to Ala showed a marked decrease of Thr-58 phosphorylation and a marked increase of Thr-58 glycosylation. Growth inhibition of HL60 cells by serum starvation increases Thr-58 glycosylation and correspondingly ..

..WWS patients show defective O-glycosylation of alpha-dystroglycan (alpha-DG), which plays a key role in bridging the cytoskeleton of muscle and CNS cells ..

..envelopes have signature sequences that include shorter V1-V2 loop sequences and fewer predicted N-linked glycosylation sites relative to the overall population of circulating variants...

..However, currently the occurrence of this O-glycan determinant appears to be rather restricted...

..a great majority of breast cancers and encodes a glycosyltransferase responsible for initiating mucin-type O-glycosylation. Knockdown of GALNT6 by small interfering RNA significantly enhanced cell adhesion function and suppressed the ..

..This study opens new insights into the post-transcriptional modifications of E-cadherin in its biological function, in a tumor context...

b>Glycosylation produces a diverse and abundant repertoire of glycans, which are collectively known as the glycome...

..These data indicate that it is not always possible to correlate clinical course and alpha-dystroglycan labeling and suggest that there might be differences in alpha-dystroglycan processing in these disorders...

..the nature of the glycan structure on the Fc domain is a critical determinant of Fc-FcγR binding, proper Fc glycosylation may contribute to Ab-mediated protection...

..It is not known whether this aberrant glycosylation is the result of an acquired or inherited defect, or whether the presence of aberrant IgA1 glycoforms alone ..

Defects in the biosynthesis of the oligosaccharide precursor for N-glycosylation lead to decreased occupancy of glycosylation sites and thereby to diseases known as congenital disorders of glycosylation (CDG)...

..of H1N1 viruses to infect human respiratory epithelial cells in a manner that correlated with the degree of glycosylation in the globular head of the hemagglutinin...

Aberrant glycosylation of IgA1 plays an essential role in the pathogenesis of IgA nephropathy. This abnormality is manifested by a deficiency of galactose in the hinge-region O-linked glycans of IgA1...

Muscular dystrophies with reduced glycosylation of alpha-dystroglycan (alpha-DG), commonly referred to as dystroglycanopathies, are a heterogeneous group of autosomal recessive conditions which include a wide spectrum of clinical ..

..Both TPC1 and TPC2 are N-glycosylated with residues 599, 611, and 616 contributing to glycosylation of TPC1...

..Our results provide a framework for understanding the complex biology of HIV entry into cells and should guide efforts to intervene...

..These findings show that class I alpha-mannosidases are essential for early N-glycan processing and play a role in root development and cell wall biosynthesis in Arabidopsis...

..jejuni strain 81-176, FlaA, has been shown to be glycosylated at 19 serine or threonine sites, and this glycosylation is required for flagellar filament formation. Some enzymatic components of the glycosylation machinery of C...

..Computational modelling of the hexosamine/Golgi/lattice has provided new insight on cell surface adaptation in cancer and autoimmune disease...

Since various neuromuscular diseases are associated with abnormal glycosylation, it was of interest to determine whether this key post-translational modification is also altered in aged skeletal muscle...

..Following ion-exchange HPLC, both MUC5AC and MUC6 appeared as several distinct populations, probably corresponding to 'glycoforms' of the mucins, the most highly charged of which were found in the gland tissue...

..5%, with specificity 94%; the positive predictive value was 88.6% and the negative predictive value was 78.9%. We conclude that this lectin-binding assay may have potential as a noninvasive diagnostic test for IgA nephropathy...

..We suggest these abnormalities of alpha-dystroglycan are caused by its defective glycosylation and are integral to the pathology seen in MDC1C.

..with the known function of the OST complex in eukaryotes, the dgl1-1 mutation led to a reduced N-linked glycosylation of the ER-resident protein disulfide isomerase. A second more severe mutant (dgl1-2) was embryo-lethal...

..reported in the past, viral populations in recipients undergo substantial genetic bottlenecks, as well as weak evidence for a propensity to replicate viruses with shorter variable loops and fewer potential N-linked glycosylation sites.

..only one change can be associated with a given residue, many different oligosaccharides can be attached to a glycosylation site residue...

N-glycosylation is critical to the function of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) and distinguishes various systems used for their production...

N-Linked glycosylation is a common post-translational modification of membrane proteins. Here we report that mature Eag1 potassium channels carry sugar moieties linked to asparagines at positions 388 and 406...

..binds specifically to a subset of the LNS domains of neurexins in a tight interaction that requires glycosylation of dystroglycan and is regulated by alternative splicing of neurexins...

Chemical evidence for the true glycosylation of mycobacterial proteins was recently provided in the context of the 45-kDa MPT 32 secreted protein of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (K. Dobos, K. Swiderek, K.-H. Khoo, P. J. Brennan, and J. T...

..In particular, enzymatic transglycosylation strategy has been recently extended to the synthesis of complex glycoconjugates, including glycosphingolipids, N-glycoproteins, and other glycosylated natural products...

..Most of our current knowledge on glycan biosynthesis was obtained from studies of yeast asparagine-linked glycosylation (alg) mutants. By contrast, little is known about biosynthesis and biological functions of N-glycans in plants...

..Thus, alternate phosphorylation and O-GlcNAc modification on Ser 10 in the histone H3 protein may provide an on/off switch to regulate expression of IE genes...

..Regarding analysis of overall N-glycosylation sites in the past, this has been achieved by several approaches proving to be more or less complicated and ..

..Polycomb repression appears to be a critical function of Sxc/Ogt in Drosophila and may be mediated by the glycosylation of Polyhomeotic.

..These results identify a previously undescribed role of carbohydrate-dependent cell-BM interaction in tumor suppression and its control by beta3GnT1 and LARGE...

..investigated the role of single nucleotide repeats or homopolymeric-tract-containing genes from the flagellin glycosylation locus in this process...

Plant-specific N-glycosylation, such as the introduction of core alpha1,3-fucose and beta1,2-xylose residues, is a major obstacle to the utilization of plant cell- or plant-derived recombinant therapeutic proteins...

Recombinant expression systems differ in the type of glycosylation they impart on expressed antigens such as the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) envelope glycoproteins, potentially affecting their biological properties...

..Here we explored whether glycosylation variants on specific proteins in cyst fluid samples could serve as biomarkers to aid in this diagnosis.

..The method involves the engineering and functional transfer of the Campylobacter jejuni glycosylation machinery in Escherichia coli to express glycosylated proteins with the key GlcNAc-Asn linkage...

O-Glycosylation is a ubiquitous eukaryotic post-translational modification, whereas early reports of S-linked glycopeptides have never been verified...

..Recent studies have revealed that aberrant glycosylation causes various human diseases...

....

Glycoproteins present special problems for structural genomic analysis because they often require glycosylation in order to fold correctly, whereas their chemical and conformational heterogeneity generally inhibits crystallization...

..These results strongly suggest that O-GlcNAc modification may serve as an important regulation system in skeletal muscle physiology...

..This Review summarizes current knowledge of these methods and avenues for their exploitation in the clinic...

..The function of dystroglycan relies critically on posttranslational glycosylation, a common target shared by a genetically heterogeneous group of muscular dystrophies characterized by alpha-..

..This difference was not due to differential glycosylation of the same protein, as revealed by deglycosylation experiments of isolated EB6 molecules...

..Here, we demonstrate that Bacteroides fragilis has a general O-glycosylation system...

..Here we report the genetic modification of the N-glycosylation pathway in Arabidopsis thaliana plants...

..However, their inability to perform authentic mammalian N-glycosylation may cause limitations for the production of therapeutics...

..Our study was conducted to investigate the O-glycan structure in the glomerular IgA1 in IgAN...

..Here, we identify an HIV Env variant in the V4 region of gp120, Asp 386 (D386), that eliminates an N-linked glycosylation site at position 386, enhances viral replication in macrophages, and is present at a higher frequency in AIDS ..

The Campylobacter jejuni pgl locus encodes an N-linked protein glycosylation machinery that can be functionally transferred into Escherichia coli. In this system, we analyzed the elements in the C...

..Interestingly, we found at least one isolate of natural scrapie (CH 1641) with a very similar, but not identical, PrPsc profile to BSE but which differs from BSE in its transmission characteristics to mice...

..These observations unveil a novel event in mouse spermiogenesis and show that the final stage of transcriptional regulation is controlled by the Rip pathway...

..To date, only limited evidence is available concerning N-glycosylation in apicomplexans...

..BSSL is important for fat digestion in infants. It contains one site for N-glycosylation and a serine/threonine-rich domain which is highly O-glycosylated...

..Peptide, disulfide, and glycosylation mapping of human TPO from residues 1 to 246 has been carried out using liquid chromatography-electrospray mass ..

..In the current study, we used an artificial O-glycosylation pathway to produce an O-fucosylated epidermal growth factor (EGF) domain in Saccharomyces cerevisiae...

..The unique chorion peroxidase (CPO) is a glycoprotein. This study deals with the N-glycosylation site, structures, and profile of CPO-associated oligosaccharides using mass spectrometric techniques and ..

..No advanced computational skills were needed to use these preformed and tested workflows. In case users want to add complexity to the analysis they are allowed to alter all parameters and rebuild the workflows...

..that determine binding to phosphotransferase and analyze how these residues direct phosphorylation at selected glycosylation sites...

The research described here is focused upon asparagine-linked glycosylation of newly synthesized proteins in the rough endoplasmic reticulum...

..The objective of this application is to explore two recently established bacterial protein glycosylation systems to obtain glycoconjugate vaccines in a facile, efficient, and easily applicable manner...

..a specific example of a type that has seemingly been borrowed from the secretory pathway of eukaryotic cells, glycosylation, but might actually have first evolved in the cytoplasm of bacterial cells...

..a specific example of a type that has seemingly been borrowed from the secretory pathway of eukaryotic cells, glycosylation, but might actually have first evolved in the cytoplasm of bacterial cells...

..The major impediment is that the endogenous protein glycosylation pathways of the silk gland cannot be expected to properly glycosylate higher eukaryotic glycoproteins...

..The major impediment is that the endogenous protein glycosylation pathways of the silk gland cannot be expected to properly glycosylate higher eukaryotic glycoproteins...

..The major impediment is that the endogenous protein glycosylation pathways of the silk gland cannot be expected to properly glycosylate higher eukaryotic glycoproteins...

..Second, there is positive selection for N-linked glycosylation in eukaryotes with N- glycan-dependent QC...

..Region I was selected in part because of paucity of N-glycosylation sites. However, there are 9 such sites in the native sequence...

..Although yeast has different glycosylation capability as compared to mammalian cells, this limited glycosylation may actually be a benefit to formulating ..

..Although yeast has different glycosylation capability as compared to mammalian cells, this limited glycosylation may actually be a benefit to formulating ..

..First, there are 13 human genetic diseases in the family "Congenital Disorders of Glycosylation" (CDG) Type I, with defective LLO synthesis...

..We find that metabolite availability to the Golgi N- glycosylation pathway exerts autonomous control over the assembly of macromolecular complexes on the cell surface, and in ..

..We find that metabolite availability to the Golgi N- glycosylation pathway exerts autonomous control over the assembly of macromolecular complexes on the cell surface, and in ..

Our long-term goal is to understand the various regulatory roles of glycosylation. We are specifically interested in O-N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc) modification, where the GlcNAc moiety is attached by an ether linkage to a serine or ..

Our long-term goal is to understand the various regulatory roles of glycosylation. We are specifically interested in O-N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc) modification, where the GlcNAc moiety is attached by an ether linkage to a serine or ..

..Numerous studies have suggested that IgAN results from abnormal O-glycosylation of IgA1...

..Numerous studies have suggested that IgAN results from abnormal O-glycosylation of IgA1...

..b>Glycosylation of Fapl is important for development of mature biofilm...

..b>Glycosylation of Fapl is important for development of mature biofilm...

..b>Glycosylation of Fapl is important for development of mature biofilm...

..b>Glycosylation of Fapl is important for development of mature biofilm...

..approach uses glycal 3-carbamates as starting materials and proceeds through a tandem alkene amidation-glycosylation sequence-amidoglycosylation-to introduce nitrogen at C2 of the sugar framework and to establish an anomeric ..

Mutations in the glycosylation of proteins have dramatic effects on cell proliferation rate, cell sorting, pseudoplasmodial migration, spore coat formation, spore germination, and protein transport rate, in the cellular slime mold ..

All living cells synthesize glycan chains. The process of glycosylation is catalyzed by highly specific glycosyltransferases that require specific sugar nucleotide donors...

..a specific example of a type that has seemingly been borrowed from the secretory pathway of eukaryotic cells, glycosylation, but might actually have first evolved in the cytoplasm of bacterial cells...

..Protein glycosylation takes place on a massive scale but has been largely neglected because of the difficulty in studying and ..

..Cryptococcal MP contain serine/threonine (S/T)-rich regions which serve as sites for extensive O-linked glycosylation as well as N-X-S/T sequons that serve as N-glycosylation sites...

..IRS-1 and IRS-2 are also glycosylated at Ser/Thr residues by N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc). This unique glycosylation is a reversible posttranslational modification proposed to regulate protein function in a manner analogous to ..

..To address these questions we have isolated glycosylation-defective Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cell mutants and used them to define the pathways of carbohydrate ..

..up to 36 tandem epidermal growth factor-like (EGF) repeats, many of which are modified by two unusual forms of glycosylation: O-fucose and O-glucose. O-Fucose modifications are essential for Notch function...

..up to 36 tandem epidermal growth factor-like (EGF) repeats, many of which are modified by two unusual forms of glycosylation: O-fucose and O-glucose. O-Fucose modifications are essential for Notch function...

..We propose to further elucidate the role of N-glycosylation in the trafficking of TPP I as well as to determine whether and how N-glycosylation affects folding, activity, ..