evolution

Summary

Summary: The process of cumulative change over successive generations through which organisms acquire their distinguishing morphological and physiological characteristics.

Top Publications

  1. ncbi Bayesian inference of phylogeny and its impact on evolutionary biology
    J P Huelsenbeck
    Department of Biology, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, USA
    Science 294:2310-4. 2001
  2. ncbi A globally coherent fingerprint of climate change impacts across natural systems
    Camille Parmesan
    Integrative Biology, Patterson Laboratories 141, University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
    Nature 421:37-42. 2003
  3. ncbi Altruistic punishment in humans
    Ernst Fehr
    University of Zurich, Institute for Empirical Research in Economics, Blumlisalpstrasse 10, CH 8006 Zurich, Switzerland
    Nature 415:137-40. 2002
  4. ncbi Fingerprints of global warming on wild animals and plants
    Terry L Root
    Center for Environmental Science and Policy, Institute for International Studies, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
    Nature 421:57-60. 2003
  5. ncbi APE: Analyses of Phylogenetics and Evolution in R language
    Emmanuel Paradis
    Laboratoire de Paléontologie, Paléobiologie and Phylogénie, Institut des Sciences de l Evolution, Universite Montpellier II, F 34095 Montpellier cedex 05, France
    Bioinformatics 20:289-90. 2004
  6. ncbi Relaxed phylogenetics and dating with confidence
    Alexei J Drummond
    Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
    PLoS Biol 4:e88. 2006
  7. ncbi Toward reconstructing the evolution of advanced moths and butterflies (Lepidoptera: Ditrysia): an initial molecular study
    Jerome C Regier
    Center for Biosystems Research, University of Maryland Biotechnology Institute, College Park, 20742, USA
    BMC Evol Biol 9:280. 2009
  8. ncbi Living with the past: evolution, development, and patterns of disease
    Peter D Gluckman
    Liggins Institute, University of Auckland and National Research Centre for Growth and Development, 2 6 Park Avenue, Grafton, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, New Zealand
    Science 305:1733-6. 2004
  9. ncbi Adaptive protein evolution at the Adh locus in Drosophila
    J H McDonald
    Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Princeton University, New Jersey 08544
    Nature 351:652-4. 1991
  10. ncbi Evolution in the fast lane: rapidly evolving sex-related genes in Drosophila
    Wilfried Haerty
    Department of Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4K1, Canada
    Genetics 177:1321-35. 2007

Research Grants

  1. Impact of Antibiotics and Vaccines on the in vivo Evolution of S. pneumoniae
    Garth Ehrlich; Fiscal Year: 2009
  2. The therapeutic potential of maspin in prostate cancer
    Shijie Sheng; Fiscal Year: 2009
  3. SCCOR in Host Factors in Chronic Lung Disease
    Richard Boucher; Fiscal Year: 2007
  4. Vaccination against mucosal HIV clade C transmission
    Ruth Ruprecht; Fiscal Year: 2007
  5. Defining evolutionary trajectories: Molecular adaptation to antibiotic resistance
    Adil Shamoo; Fiscal Year: 2009
  6. Evolution of sodium channel genes
    Harold Zakon; Fiscal Year: 2009
  7. Evolution of sodium channel genes
    Harold H Zakon; Fiscal Year: 2010
  8. Structure, function, and evolution of the Cryptococcus MAT locus
    Joseph Heitman; Fiscal Year: 2010
  9. Structure, function, and evolution of the Cryptococcus MAT locus
    Joseph Heitman; Fiscal Year: 2009
  10. Diversity and evolution of Pseudomonas syringae type III effectors (RO1GM066025)
    Jeffery L Dangl; Fiscal Year: 2010

Detail Information

Publications255 found, 100 shown here

  1. ncbi Bayesian inference of phylogeny and its impact on evolutionary biology
    J P Huelsenbeck
    Department of Biology, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, USA
    Science 294:2310-4. 2001
    ....
  2. ncbi A globally coherent fingerprint of climate change impacts across natural systems
    Camille Parmesan
    Integrative Biology, Patterson Laboratories 141, University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
    Nature 421:37-42. 2003
    ..This suite of analyses generates 'very high confidence' (as laid down by the IPCC) that climate change is already affecting living systems...
  3. ncbi Altruistic punishment in humans
    Ernst Fehr
    University of Zurich, Institute for Empirical Research in Economics, Blumlisalpstrasse 10, CH 8006 Zurich, Switzerland
    Nature 415:137-40. 2002
    ..These results suggest that future study of the evolution of human cooperation should include a strong focus on explaining altruistic punishment.
  4. ncbi Fingerprints of global warming on wild animals and plants
    Terry L Root
    Center for Environmental Science and Policy, Institute for International Studies, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
    Nature 421:57-60. 2003
    ....
  5. ncbi APE: Analyses of Phylogenetics and Evolution in R language
    Emmanuel Paradis
    Laboratoire de Paléontologie, Paléobiologie and Phylogénie, Institut des Sciences de l Evolution, Universite Montpellier II, F 34095 Montpellier cedex 05, France
    Bioinformatics 20:289-90. 2004
    Analysis of Phylogenetics and Evolution (APE) is a package written in the R language for use in molecular evolution and phylogenetics...
  6. ncbi Relaxed phylogenetics and dating with confidence
    Alexei J Drummond
    Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
    PLoS Biol 4:e88. 2006
    ..From these we conclude that our method is phylogenetically more accurate and precise than the traditional unrooted model while adding the ability to infer a timescale to evolution.
  7. ncbi Toward reconstructing the evolution of advanced moths and butterflies (Lepidoptera: Ditrysia): an initial molecular study
    Jerome C Regier
    Center for Biosystems Research, University of Maryland Biotechnology Institute, College Park, 20742, USA
    BMC Evol Biol 9:280. 2009
    ..7 kb total), and character subsets therein, to resolve relationships among 123 species representing 27 (of 33) superfamilies and 55 (of 100) families of Ditrysia under maximum likelihood analysis...
  8. ncbi Living with the past: evolution, development, and patterns of disease
    Peter D Gluckman
    Liggins Institute, University of Auckland and National Research Centre for Growth and Development, 2 6 Park Avenue, Grafton, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, New Zealand
    Science 305:1733-6. 2004
    ..This "developmental origins of health and disease" concept may have important biological, medical, and socioeconomic implications...
  9. ncbi Adaptive protein evolution at the Adh locus in Drosophila
    J H McDonald
    Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Princeton University, New Jersey 08544
    Nature 351:652-4. 1991
    ..Here we propose a simple statistical test of the neutral protein evolution hypothesis based on a comparison of the number of amino-acid replacement substitutions to synonymous ..
  10. ncbi Evolution in the fast lane: rapidly evolving sex-related genes in Drosophila
    Wilfried Haerty
    Department of Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4K1, Canada
    Genetics 177:1321-35. 2007
    ..genes, male seminal fluid proteins (SFPs), and spermatogenesis genes show lineage-specific bursts of accelerated evolution and positive selection. SFP genes also show evidence of lineage-specific gene loss and/or gain...
  11. ncbi Evolution in health and medicine Sackler colloquium: Stochastic epigenetic variation as a driving force of development, evolutionary adaptation, and disease
    Andrew P Feinberg
    Center for Epigenetics, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 107:1757-64. 2010
    ..Here, we propose a new non-Lamarckian theory for a role of epigenetics in evolution. We suggest that genetic variants that do not change the mean phenotype could change the variability of ..
  12. ncbi The puzzle of plastid evolution
    John M Archibald
    The Canadian Institute for Advanced Research, Program in Integrated Microbial Biodiversity, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, B3H 1X5, Canada
    Curr Biol 19:R81-8. 2009
    ..of the origin and spread of plastids remains an important yet elusive goal in the field of eukaryotic evolution. Combined with the discovery of new photosynthetic and non-photosynthetic protist lineages, the results of ..
  13. ncbi Transgenerational epigenetic inheritance: prevalence, mechanisms, and implications for the study of heredity and evolution
    Eva Jablonka
    The Cohn Institute for the History and Philosophy of Science and Ideas, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
    Q Rev Biol 84:131-76. 2009
    ..We conclude by exploring some of the consequences of epigenetic inheritance for the study of evolution, while also pointing to the importance of recognizing and understanding epigenetic inheritance for practical and ..
  14. ncbi Adaptive evolution of pelvic reduction in sticklebacks by recurrent deletion of a Pitx1 enhancer
    Yingguang Frank Chan
    Department of Developmental Biology and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
    Science 327:302-5. 2010
    ....
  15. ncbi Modular networks and cumulative impact of lateral transfer in prokaryote genome evolution
    Tal Dagan
    Institut für Botanik III, Heinrich Heine Universitat Dusseldorf, Universitatsstrasse 1, 40225 Dusseldorf, Germany
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 105:10039-44. 2008
    ..of natural variation among prokaryotes, but the significance of its quantitative contribution to genome evolution is debated...
  16. ncbi Comprehensive functional analysis of Mycobacterium tuberculosis toxin-antitoxin systems: implications for pathogenesis, stress responses, and evolution
    Holly R Ramage
    Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
    PLoS Genet 5:e1000767. 2009
    ..The expansion and maintenance of TA genes in the MTBC, coupled with the finding that a subset is transcriptionally activated by stress, suggests that TA systems are important for M. tuberculosis pathogenesis...
  17. ncbi Gene regulatory networks in the evolution and development of the heart
    Eric N Olson
    Department of Molecular Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 6000 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
    Science 313:1922-7. 2006
    ..During evolution, this ancestral gene network was expanded through gene duplication and co-option of additional networks...
  18. ncbi The delayed rise of present-day mammals
    Olaf R P Bininda-Emonds
    Lehrstuhl für Tierzucht, Technical University of Munich, 85354 Freising Weihenstephan, Germany
    Nature 446:507-12. 2007
    ....
  19. ncbi Climate change and evolution: disentangling environmental and genetic responses
    P Gienapp
    Ecological Genetics Research Unit, Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, PO Box 65, FI 00014 University of Helsinki, Finland
    Mol Ecol 17:167-78. 2008
    ..Hence, clear-cut evidence indicating a significant role for evolutionary adaptation to ongoing climate warming is conspicuously scarce...
  20. ncbi Origins and evolution of the Western diet: health implications for the 21st century
    Loren Cordain
    Department of Health and Exercise Science, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
    Am J Clin Nutr 81:341-54. 2005
    ..The evolutionary collision of our ancient genome with the nutritional qualities of recently introduced foods may underlie many of the chronic diseases of Western civilization...
  21. ncbi Evolution of the neocortex: a perspective from developmental biology
    Pasko Rakic
    Department of Neurobiology and Kavli Institute for Neuroscience, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06510, USA
    Nat Rev Neurosci 10:724-35. 2009
    The enlargement and species-specific elaboration of the cerebral neocortex during evolution holds the secret to the mental abilities of humans; however, the genetic origin and cellular mechanisms that generated the distinct evolutionary ..
  22. ncbi Origin and evolution of the mitochondrial proteome
    C G Kurland
    Department of Molecular Evolution, Evolutionary Biology Centre, University of Uppsala, Uppsala SE 752 36, Lund University, Lund SE 223 62, Sweden
    Microbiol Mol Biol Rev 64:786-820. 2000
    ..There are no indications of a specific alpha-proteobacterial origin to genes for glycolysis. In the absence of data to the contrary, it is assumed that the ancestral host cell was a heterotroph...
  23. ncbi The nature of human altruism
    Ernst Fehr
    University of Zurich, Institute for Empirical Research in Economics, Blumlisalpstrasse 10, CH 8006 Zurich, Switzerland
    Nature 425:785-91. 2003
    ..Current gene-based evolutionary theories cannot explain important patterns of human altruism, pointing towards the importance of both theories of cultural evolution as well as gene-culture co-evolution.
  24. ncbi Spatial structure often inhibits the evolution of cooperation in the snowdrift game
    Christoph Hauert
    Department of Zoology, University of British Columbia, 6270 University Boulevard, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada
    Nature 428:643-6. 2004
    ..basis of spatial extensions of the Prisoner's Dilemma, it is widely accepted that spatial structure promotes the evolution of cooperation...
  25. ncbi Origins and evolution of eukaryotic RNA interference
    Svetlana A Shabalina
    National Center for Biotechnology Information, National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20894, USA
    Trends Ecol Evol 23:578-87. 2008
    ..of diverse eukaryotes available for comparison, the opportunity emerges for insights into the origin and evolution of RNA interference (RNAi). The miRNA repertoires of plants and animals appear to have evolved independently...
  26. ncbi Mitochondrial evolution
    M W Gray
    Department of Biochemistry, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia B3H 4H7, Canada
    Science 283:1476-81. 1999
    ..endosymbiosis theory is a favored model for explaining the origin of mitochondria, a defining event in the evolution of eukaryotic cells...
  27. ncbi Ancient animal microRNAs and the evolution of tissue identity
    Foteini Christodoulou
    Developmental Biology Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, D 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
    Nature 463:1084-8. 2010
    The spectacular escalation in complexity in early bilaterian evolution correlates with a strong increase in the number of microRNAs...
  28. ncbi Expanded expression of Sonic Hedgehog in Astyanax cavefish: multiple consequences on forebrain development and evolution
    Arnaud Menuet
    CNRS UPR2197 DEPSN, Institut Fessard, Avenue de la Terrasse, 91198 Gif sur Yvette Cedex, France
    Development 134:845-55. 2007
    ..Here, we report how enhanced Shh midline signalling affects the evolution of telencephalic and diencephalic neuronal patterning in the blind cavefish Astyanax mexicanus, a teleost fish ..
  29. ncbi Horizontal gene transfer in eukaryotic evolution
    Patrick J Keeling
    Department of Botany, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z, Canada
    Nat Rev Genet 9:605-18. 2008
    ..Horizontal gene transfer (HGT; also known as lateral gene transfer) has had an important role in eukaryotic genome evolution, but its importance is often overshadowed by the greater prevalence and our more advanced understanding of gene ..
  30. ncbi Genomics and evolution of heritable bacterial symbionts
    Nancy A Moran
    Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, USA
    Annu Rev Genet 42:165-90. 2008
    ..In addition, insect symbionts provide some of the extremes of cellular genomes, including the smallest and the fastest evolving, raising new questions about the limits of evolution of life.
  31. ncbi Quantifying social group evolution
    Gergely Palla
    Statistical and Biological Physics Research Group of the HAS, Pázmány P stny 1A, H 1117 Budapest, Hungary
    Nature 446:664-7. 2007
    ..communication patterns of individuals, the associated social and communication network is subject to constant evolution. Our knowledge of the mechanisms governing the underlying community dynamics is limited, but is essential for a ..
  32. ncbi A basal dromaeosaurid and size evolution preceding avian flight
    Alan H Turner
    Division of Paleontology, American Museum of Natural History, Central Park West at 79th Street, New York, NY 10024 5192, USA
    Science 317:1378-81. 2007
    ..the clade including Avialae, Troodontidae, and Dromaeosauridae), phylogenetically earlier than where flight evolution is strongly inferred...
  33. ncbi Changes in Hox genes' structure and function during the evolution of the squamate body plan
    Nicolas Di-Poï
    National Research Center Frontiers in Genetics, Department of Zoology and Animal Biology, University of Geneva, Sciences III, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
    Nature 464:99-103. 2010
    ....
  34. ncbi GEIGER: investigating evolutionary radiations
    Luke J Harmon
    Department of Biological Sciences, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID 83844, USA
    Bioinformatics 24:129-31. 2008
    ..AVAILABILITY: This open source software is written entirely in the R language and is freely available through the Comprehensive R Archive Network (CRAN) at http://cran.r-project.org/...
  35. ncbi Pax 6: mastering eye morphogenesis and eye evolution
    W J Gehring
    Department of Cell Biology, Biozentrum, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 70, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
    Trends Genet 15:371-7. 1999
    ..It is proposed that the various eye-types found in metazoa are derived from a common prototype, monophyletically, by a mechanism called intercalary evolution.
  36. ncbi The evolution of transposable elements in natural populations of self-fertilizing Arabidopsis thaliana and its outcrossing relative Arabidopsis lyrata
    Steven Lockton
    Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Irvine, USA
    BMC Evol Biol 10:10. 2010
    ..majority of plant genomes, and thus understanding TE evolutionary dynamics is key to understanding plant genome evolution. Plant reproductive systems are diverse and mating type variation is one factor among many hypothesized to ..
  37. ncbi Evolution of prey in ecological time reduces the effect size of predators in experimental microcosms
    Casey P Terhorst
    Department of Biological Science, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306 4295, USA
    Ecology 91:629-36. 2010
    ..the effect of predators on prey population abundance while evolutionary biologists have measured prey trait evolution in response to predation...
  38. ncbi Five rules for the evolution of cooperation
    Martin A Nowak
    Program for Evolutionary Dynamics, Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, and Department of Mathematics, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
    Science 314:1560-3. 2006
    Cooperation is needed for evolution to construct new levels of organization. Genomes, cells, multicellular organisms, social insects, and human society are all based on cooperation...
  39. ncbi Founding events in species invasions: genetic variation, adaptive evolution, and the role of multiple introductions
    K M Dlugosch
    Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, California 95064, USA
    Mol Ecol 17:431-49. 2008
    ..for loss of diversity in quantitative traits? Do invaders that have experienced strong bottlenecks show adaptive evolution? How do multiple introductions influence adaptation on a landscape scale? We reviewed studies of 80 species of ..
  40. ncbi Causes and consequences of the evolution of reproductive proteins
    Leslie M Turner
    Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
    Int J Dev Biol 52:769-80. 2008
    ..In particular, we highlight the ways that integrating the different but complementary approaches of evolutionary and developmental biology will provide new insights into fertilization processes...
  41. ncbi Discovery of the largest orbweaving spider species: the evolution of gigantism in Nephila
    Matjaz Kuntner
    Institute of Biology, Scientific Research Centre of the Slovenian Academy of Sciences and Arts, Ljubljana, Slovenia
    PLoS ONE 4:e7516. 2009
    ..Here, we report on the discovery of a new, giant Nephila species from Africa and Madagascar, and review size evolution and SSD in Nephilidae.
  42. ncbi Public information: from nosy neighbors to cultural evolution
    Etienne Danchin
    U P M C CNRS UMR7625, Bât A 7e étage Case 237, 7 quai Saint Bernard, 75252 Paris Cedex 05, France
    Science 305:487-91. 2004
    ..The use of public information is taxonomically widespread and can enhance fitness. Public information can lead to cultural evolution, which we suggest may then affect biological evolution.
  43. ncbi Toward automatic reconstruction of a highly resolved tree of life
    Francesca D Ciccarelli
    European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Meyerhofstrasse 1, 69012 Heidelberg, Germany
    Science 311:1283-7. 2006
    ..For example, we place the phylum Acidobacteria as a sister group of delta-Proteobacteria, support a Gram-positive origin of Bacteria, and suggest a thermophilic last universal common ancestor...
  44. ncbi Canalization breakdown and evolution in a source-sink system
    Tristan Kimbrell
    Department of Zoology, University of Florida, P O Box 118525, Gainesville, Florida, 32611, USA
    Am Nat 169:370-82. 2007
    ..We study evolution in one type of novel environment: a sink habitat where populations cannot persist without recurrent immigration ..
  45. ncbi The phage lambda major tail protein structure reveals a common evolution for long-tailed phages and the type VI bacterial secretion system
    Lisa G Pell
    Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Medical Sciences Building, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 106:4160-5. 2009
    ..Using Hcp1 as a model, we propose a polymerization mechanism for gpV involving several disorder-to-order transitions...
  46. ncbi Diversity and evolution of coral fluorescent proteins
    Naila O Alieva
    Section of Integrative Biology, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, United States of America
    PLoS ONE 3:e2680. 2008
    ..Our results highlight the extent of convergent or parallel evolution of the color diversity in corals, provide the foundation for experimental studies of evolutionary processes that ..
  47. ncbi Generalized linear mixed models: a practical guide for ecology and evolution
    Benjamin M Bolker
    Department of Botany and Zoology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611 8525, USA
    Trends Ecol Evol 24:127-35. 2009
    ..of research on GLMMs in the last decade has generated considerable uncertainty for practitioners in ecology and evolution. Despite the availability of accurate techniques for estimating GLMM parameters in simple cases, complex GLMMs ..
  48. ncbi Evolution of mammals and their gut microbes
    Ruth E Ley
    Center for Genome Sciences, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO 63108, USA
    Science 320:1647-51. 2008
    ....
  49. ncbi The evolution of courtship behaviors through the origination of a new gene in Drosophila
    Hongzheng Dai
    Committee on Genetics, University of Chicago, 920 East 58th Street, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 105:7478-83. 2008
    ..These chimeric genes often evolve rapidly, suggesting that they undergo adaptive evolution and may therefore be involved in novel phenotypes. Their functions, however, are rarely known...
  50. ncbi The probability of duplicate gene preservation by subfunctionalization
    M Lynch
    Department of Biology, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon 97403, USA
    Genetics 154:459-73. 2000
    ....
  51. ncbi Antagonistic coevolution accelerates molecular evolution
    Steve Paterson
    School of Biological Sciences, Biosciences Building, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool L69 7ZB, UK
    Nature 464:275-8. 2010
    ..hypothesis proposes that coevolution of interacting species (such as hosts and parasites) should drive molecular evolution through continual natural selection for adaptation and counter-adaptation...
  52. ncbi Paleontological evidence to date the tree of life
    Michael J Benton
    Department of Earth Sciences, Wills Memorial Building, Queen s Road, Bristol BS8 1RJ, UK
    Mol Biol Evol 24:26-53. 2007
    ..Because fossil-based dates are constraints, and because molecular evolution is not perfectly clock-like, analysts should use more rather than fewer dates, but there has to be a balance ..
  53. ncbi Female promiscuity promotes the evolution of faster sperm in cichlid fishes
    John L Fitzpatrick
    Centre for Evolutionary Biology, University of Western Australia, Crawley 6009, Australia
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 106:1128-32. 2009
    ..Using phylogenetic analyses, we also reconstructed the probable evolutionary route of trait evolution in this taxon, and show that, in response to increases in the magnitude of sperm competition, the evolution of ..
  54. ncbi Distributions of epistasis in microbes fit predictions from a fitness landscape model
    Guillaume Martin
    Centre d écologie fonctionnelle et évolutive Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR 5175, 1919 Route de Mende, 34293 Montpellier, France
    Nat Genet 39:555-60. 2007
    ..several mutations combine? Despite its simplicity, this question is central to the understanding of multilocus evolution. Epistasis (the interaction between alleles at different loci), especially epistasis for fitness traits such as ..
  55. ncbi The genome of the diatom Thalassiosira pseudonana: ecology, evolution, and metabolism
    E Virginia Armbrust
    School of Oceanography, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
    Science 306:79-86. 2004
    ....
  56. ncbi The role of linkage disequilibrium in the evolution of premating isolation
    M R Servedio
    Department of Biology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
    Heredity (Edinb) 102:51-6. 2009
    ..The goal of this discussion is not to thoroughly review these factors, but instead to concentrate on aspects and implications of these solutions that are currently underemphasized in the speciation literature...
  57. ncbi The evolution of Pseudomonas syringae host specificity and type III effector repertoires
    Magdalen Lindeberg
    Department of Plant Pathology and Plant Microbe Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
    Mol Plant Pathol 10:767-75. 2009
    ..Tools are now available to test several hypotheses for the nature and evolution of P. syringae host specificity and nonhost resistance.
  58. ncbi Assortment and the evolution of generalized reciprocity
    Daniel J Rankin
    Division of Behavioral Ecology, Institute of Ecology and Evolution, University of Bern, Wohlenstrasse 50a, CH 3032 Hinterkappelen, Switzerland
    Evolution 63:1913-22. 2009
    ..Here we analyze a model for the evolution of generalized reciprocity, incorporating assortment of encounters, to investigate the conditions under which it ..
  59. ncbi Integrating animal temperament within ecology and evolution
    Denis Reale
    Canada Research Chair in Behavioural Ecology and Groupe de Recherche en Ecologie Comportementale et Animale, Departement des Sciences Biologiques, Universite du Quebec a Montreal, Succursale Centre Ville, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
    Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc 82:291-318. 2007
    ..genetics, pharmacology, and animal husbandry, but relatively few studies have examined the ecology and evolution of temperament traits...
  60. ncbi Evolution of cell recognition by viruses
    E Baranowski
    , , Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
    Science 292:1102-5. 2001
    b>Evolution of receptor specificity by viruses has several implications for viral pathogenesis, host range, virus-mediated gene targeting, and viral adaptation after organ transplantation and xenotransplantation, as well as for the ..
  61. ncbi Sexual reproduction and the evolution of microbial pathogens
    Joseph Heitman
    Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27710, USA
    Curr Biol 16:R711-25. 2006
    ..Continued investigation of the sexual nature of microbial pathogens should facilitate both laboratory investigation and an understanding of the complex interplay between pathogens, hosts, vectors, and their environments...
  62. ncbi Global distribution and evolution of Panton-Valentine leukocidin-positive methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus, 1981-2007
    Jean Philippe Rasigade
    Universite Lyon 1, Centre National de Référence des Staphylocoques, and Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U851, Institut Fédératif de Recherche 128, Lyon, France
    J Infect Dis 201:1589-97. 2010
    ..The epidemiological profile of PVL-positive community-acquired (CA) MRSA has been extensively studied, but few corresponding data on PVL-positive MSSA are available...
  63. ncbi Dynamics of competing species in a model of adaptive radiation and macroevolution
    Birgitte Freiesleben De Blasio
    Department of Biostatistics, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
    Phys Rev E Stat Nonlin Soft Matter Phys 72:031916. 2005
    We present a simple model of adaptive radiation in evolution based on species competition. Competition is found to promote species divergence and branching, and to dampen the net species production...
  64. ncbi The Enhancer of split and Achaete-Scute complexes of Drosophilids derived from simple ur-complexes preserved in mosquito and honeybee
    Rebekka Schlatter
    Universitat Hohenheim, Institut fur Genetik, Garbenstr 30, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany
    BMC Evol Biol 5:67. 2005
    ..The question arose how these complexes evolved with regard to gene number in the evolution of insects concentrating on Diptera and the Hymenoptera Apis mellifera.
  65. ncbi Analysis of vertebrate genomes suggests a new model for clade B serpin evolution
    Dion Kaiserman
    Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
    BMC Genomics 6:167. 2005
    ....
  66. ncbi Tradeoff between short-term and long-term adaptation in a changing environment
    Robert Forster
    Digital Life Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
    Phys Rev E Stat Nonlin Soft Matter Phys 72:041922. 2005
    ..Our model is relevant for arboviruses, which alternate between different host species on a regular basis...
  67. ncbi Modern Quaternary plant lineages promote diversity through facilitation of ancient Tertiary lineages
    Alfonso Valiente-Banuet
    Departamento de Ecologia de la Biodiversidad, Instituto de Ecologia, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, A P 70 275, C P 04510 Mexico D F, Mexico
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 103:16812-7. 2006
    ....
  68. ncbi The species-area relationship and evolution
    Daniel Lawson
    Department of Mathematics, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
    J Theor Biol 241:590-600. 2006
    ..We examine an individual-based model of co-evolution on a spatial lattice based on the tangled nature model in which species are emergent structures, and show that ..
  69. ncbi A game-theoretic model for punctuated equilibrium: species invasion and stasis through coevolution
    Ross Cressman
    Department of Mathematics, Wilfrid Laurier University, Waterloo, Ont, Canada N2L 3C5
    Biosystems 84:1-14. 2006
    ..This successful invasion is quickly followed by evolutionary changes in behavior when this species discovers the other habitat, leading to punctuated equilibrium as the final outcome...
  70. ncbi Divergent selection and the evolution of signal traits and mating preferences
    Howard D Rundle
    School of Integrative Biology, University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia
    PLoS Biol 3:e368. 2005
    ..We conducted a laboratory evolution experiment, using the fruit fly Drosophila serrata, to explore the role of divergent selection between ..
  71. ncbi Environmental change preceded Caribbean extinction by 2 million years
    Aaron O'Dea
    Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, P O Box 0843 03092, Balboa, Republic of Panama
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 104:5501-6. 2007
    ....
  72. ncbi Brain organization and specialization in deep-sea chondrichthyans
    Kara E Yopak
    Leigh Marine Laboratory, The University of Auckland, Leigh, New Zealand
    Brain Behav Evol 71:287-304. 2008
    Chondrichthyans occupy a basal place in vertebrate evolution and offer a relatively unexplored opportunity to study the evolution of vertebrate brains...
  73. ncbi Are invaders moving targets? The generality and persistence of advantages in size, reproduction, and enemy release in invasive plant species with time since introduction
    Christine V Hawkes
    Section of Integrative Biology, University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
    Am Nat 170:832-43. 2007
    ..The observed nonlinear relationships are consistent with dynamic invasions and may define targets for eradication efforts if these patterns hold up for individual species...
  74. ncbi Phylogenetic relatedness and ecological interactions determine antipredator behavior
    Sarah Dalesman
    Marine Biology and Ecology Research Centre, School of Biological Sciences, University of Plymouth, Plymouth PL4 8AA, United Kingdom
    Ecology 88:2462-7. 2007
    ....
  75. ncbi Exceptionally preserved jellyfishes from the Middle Cambrian
    Paulyn Cartwright
    Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas, United States of America
    PLoS ONE 2:e1121. 2007
    ..diverging animal group and thus insight into their origin and diversification is key to understanding metazoan evolution. Further, cnidarian jellyfish comprise an important component of modern marine planktonic ecosystems...
  76. ncbi Evolution of host specificity drives reproductive isolation among RNA viruses
    Siobain Duffy
    Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
    Evolution 61:2614-22. 2007
    ..We tested this expectation by monitoring the evolution of reproductive isolation in laboratory populations of an RNA virus that undergoes genetic exchange only when ..
  77. ncbi A comparative method for studying adaptation to a randomly evolving environment
    Thomas F Hansen
    Center for Evolutionary and Ecological Synthesis, Department of Biology, University of Oslo, PB 1066, Blindern, 0316 Oslo, Norway
    Evolution 62:1965-77. 2008
    ..methods used for testing adaptive hypotheses make evolutionary assumptions that are not compatible with evolution toward an optimal state. As a consequence they do not correct for maladaptation...
  78. ncbi Evolutionary relationships among food habit, loss of flight, and reproductive traits: life-history evolution in the Silphinae (Coleoptera: Silphidae)
    Hiroshi Ikeda
    Laboratory of Forest Zoology, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113 8657, Japan
    Evolution 62:2065-79. 2008
    ..We elucidated the evolutionary history of flight loss and its relationship to evolution in food habit, relative reproductive investment, and egg size in the Silphinae (Coleoptera: Silphidae)...
  79. ncbi Functional equivalence of morphologies enables morphological and ecological diversity
    Rebecca L Young
    Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
    Evolution 61:2480-92. 2007
    ..We discuss the importance of developmental and functional integration among traits for evolutionary diversification of morphological structures that generate equivalent functions...
  80. ncbi Facilitation can increase the phylogenetic diversity of plant communities
    Alfonso Valiente-Banuet
    Departamento de Ecologia de la Biodiversidad, Instituto de Ecologia, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México A P 70 275, C P 04510, Mexico, D F, Mexico
    Ecol Lett 10:1029-36. 2007
    ..Likewise, a phylogenetic supertree of all species of three communities driven by facilitation showed that nurse species facilitated distantly related species and increased phylogenetic diversity...
  81. ncbi Evolution on a local scale: developmental, functional, and genetic bases of divergence in bill form and associated changes in song structure between adjacent habitats
    Alexander V Badyaev
    Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, USA
    Evolution 62:1951-64. 2008
    ....
  82. ncbi Using patterns of fin and limb phylogeny to test developmental-evolutionary scenarios
    Michael I Coates
    Department of Organismal Biology and Anatomy, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
    Novartis Found Symp 284:245-55; discussion 255-61. 2007
    ..Such comparisons inform questions about the evolution of developmental autonomy (modularity)...
  83. ncbi Molecular phylogeny of reed beetles (Col., Chrysomelidae, Donaciinae): the signature of ecological specialization and geographical isolation
    Gregor Kölsch
    University of Hamburg, Zoological Institute, Martin Luther King Platz 3, D 20146 Hamburg, Germany
    Mol Phylogenet Evol 48:936-52. 2008
    ..In their evolution based on ecological specialization with a recently superimposed geographic isolation, the Donaciinae follow a ..
  84. ncbi Patterns of endemism and species richness in Malagasy cophyline frogs support a key role of mountainous areas for speciation
    Katharina C Wollenberg
    Zoological Institute, Division of Evolutionary Biology, Technical University of Braunschweig, Spielmannstr 8, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
    Evolution 62:1890-907. 2008
    ..High conservation priority is ascribed to these areas...
  85. ncbi Nuclear organization and morphology of cholinergic, putative catecholaminergic and serotonergic neurons in the brains of two species of African mole-rat
    Adhil Bhagwandin
    School of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, 7 York Road, Parktown, Johannesburg, Gauteng 2193, South Africa
    J Chem Neuroanat 35:371-87. 2008
    ..We conclude that changes in the nuclear organization of the systems studied appear to demonstrate a form of constraint related to the phylogenetic level of the order...
  86. ncbi Support for the allotonic frequency hypothesis in an insectivorous bat community
    M Corrie Schoeman
    Department of Zoology, University of Cape Town, Private Bag, Rondebosch 7701, South Africa
    Oecologia 134:154-62. 2003
    ..These results suggest that prey defences may mediate other factors structuring bat communities, e.g. competition. Competition may be reduced for those species of bats that can circumvent prey defences...
  87. ncbi Biological correlates of extinction risk in bats
    Kate E Jones
    Department of Biological Sciences, Imperial College at Silwood Park, Ascot, Berkshire SL5 7PY, United Kingdom
    Am Nat 161:601-14. 2003
    ....
  88. ncbi The Sahara as a vicariant agent, and the role of Miocene climatic events, in the diversification of the mammalian order Macroscelidea (elephant shrews)
    Christophe J Douady
    Biology and Biochemistry, Queen's University of Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, United Kingdom
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 100:8325-30. 2003
    ..The strongly supported phylogeny provides compelling evidence for a complex history of mosaic evolution, including pronounced bradytelic morphological evolution in some lineages, accelerated morphological evolution ..
  89. ncbi A spatially explicit individual-based model of reinforcement in hybrid zones
    Suzanne Sadedin
    Department of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Victoria 3800 Australia
    Evolution 57:962-70. 2003
    ..In addition, the results show that hybrid infertility may facilitate the process of reinforcement and speciation...
  90. ncbi Invasion of vacant niches and subsequent sympatric speciation
    Masakado Kawata
    Division of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Biology Building, Aoba ku, Sendai 980 8578, Japan
    Proc Biol Sci 269:55-63. 2002
    ..The results indicate that populations whose individuals have small Wright's genetic neighbourhoods may often exploit a vacant niche and diversify sympatrically in the process...
  91. ncbi Evolution: opportunity versus innovation
    Paul H Harvey
    Nature 425:676-7. 2003
  92. ncbi Speciation in multidimensional evolutionary space
    A Vukics
    Department of Nonlinear and Quantum Optics, Institute for Solid State Physics and Optics, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 49, H-1525 Budapest, Hungary
    Phys Rev E Stat Nonlin Soft Matter Phys 68:041903. 2003
    ..The branching at the singular point, which is a fixed point of the directional evolution, may occur into two or three, but not more, directions...
  93. ncbi Sexual dimorphism and adaptive speciation: two sides of the same ecological coin
    Daniel I Bolnick
    Section of Evolution and Ecology, Center for Population Biology, Storer Hall, University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
    Evolution 57:2433-49. 2003
    ..concerned with demonstrating that it is possible for ecologically driven disruptive selection to lead to the evolution of assortative mating and hence speciation...
  94. ncbi Relating parasite communities to host environmental conditions using phylogenetic tools
    J Cabaret
    INRA, BASE, 37380 Nouzilly, France
    Parasite 10:287-95. 2003
    ..The evolution along time pattern of change in the sheep infection of sheep was not the same for in all the animals, and two ..
  95. ncbi Genes and speciation
    Chung-I Wu
    Department of Ecology and Evolution, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
    Nat Rev Genet 5:114-22. 2004
  96. ncbi Human population density and extinction risk in the world's carnivores
    Marcel Cardillo
    Department of Biological Sciences, Imperial College London, Ascot, United Kingdom
    PLoS Biol 2:E197. 2004
    ..We suggest that a preemptive approach to species conservation is needed to identify and protect species that may not be threatened at present but may become so in the near future...
  97. ncbi Simulated ecology-driven sympatric speciation
    J S Sa Martins
    Colorado Center for Chaos and Complexity, CIRES, CB 216, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
    Phys Rev E Stat Nonlin Soft Matter Phys 64:021906. 2001
    ..In the presence of this polymorphism, the simulations generate short-term speciation, when mating preferences are also allowed to suffer mutations and acquire selective value...
  98. ncbi On the heritability of geographic range sizes
    Thomas J Webb
    Biodiversity and Macroecology Group, Department of Animal and Plant Sciences, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, United Kingdom
    Am Nat 161:553-66. 2003
    ....
  99. ncbi Global patterns in endemism explained by past climatic change
    Roland Jansson
    Department of Biological Sciences, The Open University, Walton Hall, Milton Keynes MK7 6AA, UK
    Proc Biol Sci 270:583-90. 2003
    ..palaeoendemics survive and that diverging gene pools persist without going extinct or merging, favouring the evolution of neoendemics...
  100. ncbi Speciation along environmental gradients
    Michael Doebeli
    Department of Zoology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada V6T 1Z4
    Nature 421:259-64. 2003
    ..Our results highlight the importance of local processes of adaptive divergence for geographical patterns of speciation, and caution against pitfalls of inferring past speciation processes from present biogeographical patterns...
  101. ncbi Evolutionary biology: Splitting in space
    Diethard Tautz
    Nature 421:225-6. 2003

Research Grants86

  1. Impact of Antibiotics and Vaccines on the in vivo Evolution of S. pneumoniae
    Garth Ehrlich; Fiscal Year: 2009
    C'! of S. pneumoniae" 1R01AI01808903953-051-OA1IAI "Impact of Antibiotics and Vaccines on the in vivo Evolution CO) "Impact of Antibiotics and Vaccines on the in vivo Evolution 3...
  2. The therapeutic potential of maspin in prostate cancer
    Shijie Sheng; Fiscal Year: 2009
    ..Maspin, a highly conserved protein throughout evolution, belongs to the serine protease inhibitor (serpin) superfamily...
  3. SCCOR in Host Factors in Chronic Lung Disease
    Richard Boucher; Fiscal Year: 2007
    ..and cigarette smoke-exposed lung to mimics of aspects of COPD/CF disease; Project V: Mucus Dehydration and Evolution of COPD Lung Disease (R...
  4. Vaccination against mucosal HIV clade C transmission
    Ruth Ruprecht; Fiscal Year: 2007
    ..the virulence of R5 SHIVenvC's, generating a fully heterologous SHIVenvC, and by comparing the molecular evolution of HIV clade C env in infected African mother/infant pairs and in rhesus monkeys infected with SHIV's harboring ..
  5. Defining evolutionary trajectories: Molecular adaptation to antibiotic resistance
    Adil Shamoo; Fiscal Year: 2009
    ..large populations of bacteria, carrying one of three antibiotic resistance genes, to continuous experimental evolution. By varying the conditions of selection during adaptation, antibiotic resistance mediated by changes to the ..
  6. Evolution of sodium channel genes
    Harold Zakon; Fiscal Year: 2009
    ..same protein from a number of different organisms to find out which amino acids do NOT change over the course of evolution. Another lesser-used strategy that we employ here is to include sequences from organisms in which that molecule ..
  7. Evolution of sodium channel genes
    Harold H Zakon; Fiscal Year: 2010
    ..same protein from a number of different organisms to find out which amino acids do NOT change over the course of evolution. Another lesser-used strategy that we employ here is to include sequences from organisms in which that molecule ..
  8. Structure, function, and evolution of the Cryptococcus MAT locus
    Joseph Heitman; Fiscal Year: 2010
    ..Thus, the structure, function, and evolution of the mating-type locus (MAT) and its links to sexual development, virulence, and ecology are of considerable ..
  9. Structure, function, and evolution of the Cryptococcus MAT locus
    Joseph Heitman; Fiscal Year: 2009
    ..Thus, the structure, function, and evolution of the mating-type locus (MAT) and its links to sexual development, virulence, and ecology are of considerable ..
  10. Diversity and evolution of Pseudomonas syringae type III effectors (RO1GM066025)
    Jeffery L Dangl; Fiscal Year: 2010
    ..This genus of pathogenic bacteria provides an excellent set of genomic and genetic tools to analyze co-evolution of host and pathogen, from the level of genome organization and horizontal gene flow down to the level of the ..
  11. Modeling Neoplastic Progression in Barrett's Esophagus
    Carlo Maley; Fiscal Year: 2009
    ..Neoplasms progress to malignancy through a process of clonal evolution. However, the dynamics of that evolution are poorly understood...
  12. Convergent Molecular Evolution of Moth and Spider Silks
    NADIA AYOUB; Fiscal Year: 2007
    ..the molecular basis for adaptation is to examine the genetic architecture underlying cases of convergent evolution, the independent evolution of similar phenotypes in distantly related organisms...
  13. Modeling Neoplastic Progression in Barrett's Esophagus
    John W Pepper; Fiscal Year: 2010
    ..Neoplasms progress to malignancy through a process of clonal evolution. However, the dynamics of that evolution are poorly understood...
  14. Alcohol Metabolism,Primate Evolution and Paleogenetics. An Inclusive Paradigm
    Steven A Benner; Fiscal Year: 2010
    ..provide the first example where historical biology is applied to an area of interest to these institutes: the evolution of the response of primates to environmental ethanol...
  15. Evolution of the Bordetellae from Commensals to Pathogens
    Eric Harvill; Fiscal Year: 2009
    ..The historical view of the apparent convergent evolution towards the ability to infect humans is unable to explain this...
  16. Evolution of the Bordetellae from Commensals to Pathogens
    Eric Harvill; Fiscal Year: 2009
    ..The historical view of the apparent convergent evolution towards the ability to infect humans is unable to explain this...
  17. Evolution of the Bordetellae from Commensals to Pathogens
    Eric T Harvill; Fiscal Year: 2010
    ..The historical view of the apparent convergent evolution towards the ability to infect humans is unable to explain this...
  18. Host and Pathogen Evolution in Lassa Fever
    Pardis Sabeti; Fiscal Year: 2009
    ..by the applicant) Abstract: Disease-causing pathogens are among the most intriguing forces shaping human evolution, as they have a tremendous impact on our genome and themselves evolve over time...
  19. Functional genetic evolution of human brain and behavior
    Eric J Vallender; Fiscal Year: 2010
    This proposal is focused on integrating comparative genetics and molecular evolution with functional neurobiology as a means of generating a better understanding of human neuropsychiatric and addiction disorders and developing better ..
  20. The Evolution of Malerial Antifiolate Resistance
    Daniel Hartl; Fiscal Year: 2009
    ..Although antifolates are affordable and still clinically effective, their use has been compromised by the evolution of drug resistance...
  21. The Evolution of Malerial Antifiolate Resistance
    Daniel Hartl; Fiscal Year: 2007
    ..Although antifolates are affordable and still clinically effective, their use has been compromised by the evolution of drug resistance...
  22. COMPUTER BASED SEQUENCE ANALYSIS AND RNA VIRUS EVOLUTION
    MARCELLA MCCLURE; Fiscal Year: 2000
    ..goal of the proposed research is the analysis of biological sequence data to address the molecular mechanisms of evolution and the origin(s) of all viruses and related genetic elements...
  23. EVOLUTION OF THE RIBONUCLEASE SUPERFAMILY
    Steven Benner; Fiscal Year: 2001
    ..The evolution of molecular and biological behavior is set in a historical context by correlating it with the evolution of ..
  24. Sigma virus in Drosophila: a model system for the evolution of virulence
    Marta Wayne; Fiscal Year: 2009
    ..husbandry, extensive natural history, and wealth of genomic tools, is a superb model system for exploring 1) the evolution of virulence in general and 2) contrasting uniparentally vs. biparentally transmitted viruses in particular...
  25. Sigma virus in Drosophila: a model system for the evolution of virulence
    Marta Wayne; Fiscal Year: 2009
    ..husbandry, extensive natural history, and wealth of genomic tools, is a superb model system for exploring 1) the evolution of virulence in general and 2) contrasting uniparentally vs. biparentally transmitted viruses in particular...
  26. Isolation of ribonucleic acids that are attached to the neuronal membrane
    Terunaga Nakagawa; Fiscal Year: 2010
    The origin of life on our planet is widely believed to be the so-called "RNA world". During evolution, before DNA and proteins were part of life there was a world full of RNAs that possess self-replicating enzymatic ability...
  27. Genetics of Wing and Cell-Size Evolution in Nasonia
    John Werren; Fiscal Year: 2007
    How new morphologies evolve is a fundamental question in biology. Most morphological evolution involves changes in the size of organs, which is basically achieved in two ways, by changes in cell size and cell number...
  28. Evolution of Plasmodium vivax and Asian Macaque Malarias
    ANANIAS ALBERTO ESCALANTE; Fiscal Year: 2010
    ..Overall, the proposed investigation aims to understand the role of positive selection in the evolution of proteins expressed during erythrocyte invasion in P. vivax and related species...
  29. Evolution of Plasmodium vivax and Asian Macaque Malarias
    Ananias Escalante; Fiscal Year: 2009
    ..Overall, the proposed investigation aims to understand the role of positive selection in the evolution of proteins expressed during erythrocyte invasion in P. vivax and related species...
  30. Directed Evolution of Adeno-Associated Virus Vectors for Seizure Gene Therapy
    Thomas McCown; Fiscal Year: 2007
    ..Recent developments in AAV directed evolution provide a potential means to circumvent neurosurgical intervention. Maheshri et al...
  31. Evolution of vertebrate sensory genes
    Jianzhi Zhang; Fiscal Year: 2010
    ..objective of my laboratory is to understand how genetic changes contribute to the survival, adaptation, and evolution of organisms. All organisms live in biotic and abiotic environments that change over time...