cpg islands

Summary

Summary: Areas of increased density of the dinucleotide sequence cytosine--phosphate diester--guanine. They form stretches of DNA several hundred to several thousand base pairs long. In humans there are about 45,000 CpG islands, mostly found at the 5' ends of genes. They are unmethylated except for those on the inactive X chromosome and some associated with imprinted genes.

Top Publications

  1. ncbi Genome-scale DNA methylation maps of pluripotent and differentiated cells
    Alexander Meissner
    Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, 9 Cambridge Center, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, USA
    Nature 454:766-70. 2008
  2. ncbi Distribution, silencing potential and evolutionary impact of promoter DNA methylation in the human genome
    Michael Weber
    Friedrich Miescher Institute for Biomedical Research, Maulbeerstrasse 66, CH 4058 Basel, Switzerland
    Nat Genet 39:457-66. 2007
  3. ncbi Genome-wide maps of chromatin state in pluripotent and lineage-committed cells
    Tarjei S Mikkelsen
    Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, USA
    Nature 448:553-60. 2007
  4. ncbi Principles and challenges of genomewide DNA methylation analysis
    Peter W Laird
    USC Epigenome Center, University of Southern California, Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, 90089 9601, USA
    Nat Rev Genet 11:191-203. 2010
  5. ncbi Genome-wide evolutionary analysis of eukaryotic DNA methylation
    Assaf Zemach
    Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, 211 Koshland Hall, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
    Science 328:916-9. 2010
  6. ncbi Conserved role of intragenic DNA methylation in regulating alternative promoters
    Alika K Maunakea
    Brain Tumor Research Center, Department of Neurosurgery, Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94158, USA
    Nature 466:253-7. 2010
  7. ncbi CpG islands--'a rough guide'
    Robert S Illingworth
    Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell Biology, Michael Swann Building, University of Edinburgh, Mayfield Road, Edinburgh EH9 3JR, United Kingdom
    FEBS Lett 583:1713-20. 2009
  8. ncbi The mammalian epigenome
    Bradley E Bernstein
    Molecular Pathology Unit and Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
    Cell 128:669-81. 2007
  9. ncbi Specific activation of microRNA-127 with downregulation of the proto-oncogene BCL6 by chromatin-modifying drugs in human cancer cells
    Yoshimasa Saito
    Department of Urology, Biochemistry, and Molecular Biology, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089, USA
    Cancer Cell 9:435-43. 2006
  10. ncbi CpG islands influence chromatin structure via the CpG-binding protein Cfp1
    John P Thomson
    Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell Biology, Michael Swann Building, University of Edinburgh, Mayfield Road, Edinburgh EH9 3JR, UK
    Nature 464:1082-6. 2010

Research Grants

  1. Genome-scale anaylsis of DNA methylation in CpG Islands with bisulfite sequencing
    KUN contact ZHANG; Fiscal Year: 2010
  2. Regulation of Airway Mucin Gene Expression by Epigenetic Mechanism
    Reen Wu; Fiscal Year: 2010
  3. Genome-scale anaylsis of DNA methylation in CpG Islands with bisulfite sequencing
    Kun Zhang; Fiscal Year: 2009
  4. Genome-scale anaylsis of DNA methylation in CpG Islands with bisulfite sequencing
    Kun Zhang; Fiscal Year: 2009
  5. MECHANISMS OF FETAL MEMBRANE RUPTURE
    JEROME STRAUSS; Fiscal Year: 2009
  6. MECHANISMS OF FETAL MEMBRANE RUPTURE
    Jerome F Strauss; Fiscal Year: 2010
  7. MECHANISMS OF FETAL MEMBRANE RUPTURE
    JEROME STRAUSS; Fiscal Year: 2009
  8. CPG METHYLATION AND MUTATION
    Gerd P Pfeifer; Fiscal Year: 2010
  9. Mouse models for GABA epigenetic dysfunction
    Alessandro Guidotti; Fiscal Year: 2009
  10. Inducible Dysplastic Nephropathy in B2-Deficient Mice
    Samir S El Dahr; Fiscal Year: 2010

Detail Information

Publications304 found, 100 shown here

  1. ncbi Genome-scale DNA methylation maps of pluripotent and differentiated cells
    Alexander Meissner
    Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, 9 Cambridge Center, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, USA
    Nature 454:766-70. 2008
    ..bisulphite sequencing and single-molecule-based sequencing, we generated DNA methylation maps covering most CpG islands, and a representative sampling of conserved non-coding elements, transposons and other genomic features, for ..
  2. ncbi Distribution, silencing potential and evolutionary impact of promoter DNA methylation in the human genome
    Michael Weber
    Friedrich Miescher Institute for Biomedical Research, Maulbeerstrasse 66, CH 4058 Basel, Switzerland
    Nat Genet 39:457-66. 2007
    ..Moreover, we observe that inactive unmethylated CpG island promoters show elevated levels of dimethylation of Lys4 of histone H3, suggesting that this chromatin mark may protect DNA from methylation...
  3. ncbi Genome-wide maps of chromatin state in pluripotent and lineage-committed cells
    Tarjei S Mikkelsen
    Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, USA
    Nature 448:553-60. 2007
    ..This study provides a framework for the application of comprehensive chromatin profiling towards characterization of diverse mammalian cell populations...
  4. ncbi Principles and challenges of genomewide DNA methylation analysis
    Peter W Laird
    USC Epigenome Center, University of Southern California, Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, 90089 9601, USA
    Nat Rev Genet 11:191-203. 2010
    ..This Review discusses the different approaches and their relative merits and introduces considerations for data analysis...
  5. ncbi Genome-wide evolutionary analysis of eukaryotic DNA methylation
    Assaf Zemach
    Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, 211 Koshland Hall, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
    Science 328:916-9. 2010
    ..Our data demonstrate that extant DNA methylation systems are mosaics of conserved and derived features, and indicate that gene body methylation is an ancient property of eukaryotic genomes...
  6. ncbi Conserved role of intragenic DNA methylation in regulating alternative promoters
    Alika K Maunakea
    Brain Tumor Research Center, Department of Neurosurgery, Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94158, USA
    Nature 466:253-7. 2010
    ..7 million of the 28 million CpG sites. From the dense, high-resolution coverage of CpG islands, the majority of methylated CpG islands were shown to be in intragenic and intergenic regions, whereas less ..
  7. ncbi CpG islands--'a rough guide'
    Robert S Illingworth
    Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell Biology, Michael Swann Building, University of Edinburgh, Mayfield Road, Edinburgh EH9 3JR, United Kingdom
    FEBS Lett 583:1713-20. 2009
    Mammalian genomes are punctuated by DNA sequences containing an atypically high frequency of CpG sites termed CpG islands (CGIs). CGIs generally lack DNA methylation and associate with the majority of annotated gene promoters...
  8. ncbi The mammalian epigenome
    Bradley E Bernstein
    Molecular Pathology Unit and Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
    Cell 128:669-81. 2007
    ..Here we review current research efforts, with an emphasis on large-scale studies, emerging technologies, and challenges ahead...
  9. ncbi Specific activation of microRNA-127 with downregulation of the proto-oncogene BCL6 by chromatin-modifying drugs in human cancer cells
    Yoshimasa Saito
    Department of Urology, Biochemistry, and Molecular Biology, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089, USA
    Cancer Cell 9:435-43. 2006
    ..These results suggest that DNA demethylation and histone deacetylase inhibition can activate expression of miRNAs that may act as tumor suppressors...
  10. ncbi CpG islands influence chromatin structure via the CpG-binding protein Cfp1
    John P Thomson
    Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell Biology, Michael Swann Building, University of Edinburgh, Mayfield Road, Edinburgh EH9 3JR, UK
    Nature 464:1082-6. 2010
    b>CpG islands (CGIs) are prominent in the mammalian genome owing to their GC-rich base composition and high density of CpG dinucleotides...
  11. ncbi Distinct DNA methylation patterns characterize differentiated human embryonic stem cells and developing human fetal liver
    Alayne L Brunner
    Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305, USA
    Genome Res 19:1044-56. 2009
    ..Taken together, our results indicate that hESC differentiation has a unique DNA methylation signature that may not be indicative of in vivo differentiation...
  12. ncbi Aging and environmental exposures alter tissue-specific DNA methylation dependent upon CpG island context
    Brock C Christensen
    Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
    PLoS Genet 5:e1000602. 2009
    ..we found striking, highly significant CpG island-dependent correlations between age and methylation; loci in CpG islands gained methylation with age, loci not in CpG islands lost methylation with age (P<0...
  13. ncbi MeCP2 binding to DNA depends upon hydration at methyl-CpG
    Kok Lian Ho
    School of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, King s Buildings, Mayfield Road, Edinburgh EH9 3JR, UK
    Mol Cell 29:525-31. 2008
    ..The MeCP2-DNA complex also identifies a unique structural role for T158, the residue most commonly mutated in Rett syndrome...
  14. ncbi Cyclical DNA methylation of a transcriptionally active promoter
    Raphaël Métivier
    Universite de Rennes I, CNRS, UMR 6026 Equipe SPARTE, IFR 140 GFAS, Campus de Beaulieu, 35042 Rennes Cedex, France
    Nature 452:45-50. 2008
    ..Cyclical changes in the methylation status of promoter CpGs may thus represent a critical event in transcriptional achievement...
  15. ncbi Epigenomic profiling reveals DNA-methylation changes associated with major psychosis
    Jonathan Mill
    Krembil Family Epigenetic Laboratory, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, 250 College Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5T 1R8, Canada
    Am J Hum Genet 82:696-711. 2008
    ..Our data are consistent with the epigenetic theory of major psychosis and suggest that DNA-methylation changes are important to the etiology of schizophrenia and bipolar disorder...
  16. ncbi The SRA protein Np95 mediates epigenetic inheritance by recruiting Dnmt1 to methylated DNA
    Jafar Sharif
    Tohoku University Biomedical Engineering Research Organization TUBERO, 2 1 Seiryo machi, Aoba ku, Sendai 980 8575, Japan
    Nature 450:908-12. 2007
    ..The link between hemi-methylated DNA, Np95 and Dnmt1 thus establishes key steps of the mechanism for epigenetic inheritance of DNA methylation...
  17. ncbi Transient cyclical methylation of promoter DNA
    Sara Kangaspeska
    European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Meyerhofstrasse 1, D 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
    Nature 452:112-5. 2008
    ..This coincides with a low-level re-expression of ERalpha and of pS2 transcripts...
  18. ncbi Classification of colorectal cancer based on correlation of clinical, morphological and molecular features
    J R Jass
    Department of Pathology, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
    Histopathology 50:113-30. 2007
    ..This approach to the classification of CRC should accelerate understanding of causation and will impact on clinical management in the areas of both prevention and treatment...
  19. ncbi A human B cell methylome at 100-base pair resolution
    Tibor A Rauch
    Department of Biology, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 106:671-8. 2009
    ..Our data provide a valuable resource for the analysis of CpG methylation patterns in a differentiated human cell type and provide new clues regarding the function of mammalian DNA methylation...
  20. ncbi Selective anchoring of DNA methyltransferases 3A and 3B to nucleosomes containing methylated DNA
    ShinWu Jeong
    Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, NOR 8302L, 9181, Los Angeles, CA 90089 9181, USA
    Mol Cell Biol 29:5366-76. 2009
    ..We also show that nucleosomes containing methylated SINE and LINE elements and CpG islands are the main sites of DNMT3A/3B binding...
  21. ncbi DNA methylation regulates MicroRNA expression
    Liangfeng Han
    Predoctoral Training Program in Human Genetics, McKusick Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
    Cancer Biol Ther 6:1284-8. 2007
    ..We also found that HOXA3 and HOXD10 were putative targets of mir-10a, one of the differentially expressed miRNAs that is located in HOX gene cluster...
  22. ncbi Chromatin and sequence features that define the fine and gross structure of genomic methylation patterns
    John R Edwards
    Center for Pharmacogenomics, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri 63110, USA
    Genome Res 20:972-80. 2010
    ....
  23. ncbi Variation, patterns, and temporal stability of DNA methylation: considerations for epigenetic epidemiology
    Rudolf P Talens
    Department of Molecular Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Postal Zone S 05 P, PO Box 9600, 2300RC, Leiden, The Nethelands
    FASEB J 24:3135-44. 2010
    ..75). Our data suggest that epigenetic studies on complex diseases may be feasible for a proportion of genomic loci provided that they are carefully designed...
  24. ncbi Comprehensive high-throughput arrays for relative methylation (CHARM)
    Rafael A Irizarry
    Department of Biostatistics, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, USA
    Genome Res 18:780-90. 2008
    ..three methods provide useful information, there were significant limitations to each, specifically bias toward CpG islands in MeDIP, relatively incomplete coverage in HELP, and location imprecision in McrBC...
  25. ncbi Characterizing DNA methylation patterns in pancreatic cancer genome
    Aik Choon Tan
    The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA
    Mol Oncol 3:425-38. 2009
    ....
  26. ncbi A unifying model for the selective regulation of inducible transcription by CpG islands and nucleosome remodeling
    Vladimir R Ramirez-Carrozzi
    Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
    Cell 138:114-28. 2009
    ..The low nucleosome occupancy at promoters in this class can be attributed to the assembly of CpG islands into unstable nucleosomes, which may lead to SWI/SNF independence...
  27. ncbi Structural basis for recognition of hemi-methylated DNA by the SRA domain of human UHRF1
    George V Avvakumov
    Structural Genomics Consortium, University of Toronto, 100 College Street, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1L5, Canada
    Nature 455:822-5. 2008
    ..The structure, along with mutagenesis data, suggests how UHRF1 acts as a key factor for DNMT1 maintenance methylation through recognition of a fundamental unit of epigenetic inheritance, mCpG...
  28. ncbi Recognition of hemi-methylated DNA by the SRA protein UHRF1 by a base-flipping mechanism
    Kyohei Arita
    Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto 615 8510, Japan
    Nature 455:818-21. 2008
    ..The complex structure suggests that the successive flip out of the pre-existing methylated cytosine and the target cytosine to be methylated is associated with the coordinated transfer of the hemi-methylated CpG site from UHRF1 to Dnmt1...
  29. ncbi QUMA: quantification tool for methylation analysis
    Yuichi Kumaki
    Laboratory for Mammalian Epigenetic Studies, Center for Developmental Biology, RIKEN, 2 2 3 Minatojima minamimachi, Chuo Ku, Kobe 650 0047, Japan
    Nucleic Acids Res 36:W170-5. 2008
    ..It also provides a platform for consistent quality control of the analysis. The QUMA web server is available at http://quma.cdb.riken.jp/...
  30. ncbi CpG island methylator phenotype underlies sporadic microsatellite instability and is tightly associated with BRAF mutation in colorectal cancer
    Daniel J Weisenberger
    Department of Surgery, University of Southern California Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, California 90089 9176, USA
    Nat Genet 38:787-93. 2006
    Aberrant DNA methylation of CpG islands has been widely observed in human colorectal tumors and is associated with gene silencing when it occurs in promoter areas...
  31. ncbi DNA methylation profiling of human chromosomes 6, 20 and 22
    Florian Eckhardt
    Epigenomics AG, , 10178 Berlin, Germany
    Nat Genet 38:1378-85. 2006
    ..Our data suggest DNA methylation to be ontogenetically more stable than previously thought...
  32. ncbi Genome-wide DNA methylation profiles in precancerous conditions and cancers
    Yae Kanai
    Pathology Division, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
    Cancer Sci 101:36-45. 2010
    ..cell proliferative activity, but is significantly correlated with accumulation of DNA hypermethylation in CpG islands of tumor-related genes...
  33. ncbi Non-imprinted allele-specific DNA methylation on human autosomes
    Yingying Zhang
    School of Engineering and Science, Jacobs University Bremen, Campus Ring 1, D 28759 Bremen, Germany
    Genome Biol 10:R138. 2009
    ..Differential DNA methylation between alleles is well established in imprinted genes and the X chromosomes in females but has rarely been reported at non-imprinted loci on autosomes...
  34. ncbi DNA methylation profiles of ovarian epithelial carcinoma tumors and cell lines
    Sahar Houshdaran
    Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
    PLoS ONE 5:e9359. 2010
    ..This study applied recently developed methods for high-throughput DNA methylation profiling to characterize ovarian cancer cell lines and tumors, including representatives of three major histologies...
  35. ncbi Changes in the pattern of DNA methylation associate with twin discordance in systemic lupus erythematosus
    Biola M Javierre
    Chromatin and Disease Group, Cancer Epigenetics and Biology Programme PEBC, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute IDIBELL, L Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona 08907, Spain
    Genome Res 20:170-9. 2010
    ....
  36. ncbi EBV transformation and cell culturing destabilizes DNA methylation in human lymphoblastoid cell lines
    D Grafodatskaya
    Hospital for Sick Children Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
    Genomics 95:73-83. 2010
    ..HumanMethylation27 platform containing 27,578 CpG sites and Agilent Human CpG island Array containing 27,800 CpG islands. Comparison of genome-wide methylation profiles between white blood cells and lymphoblastoid cell lines ..
  37. ncbi Prediction of CpG-island function: CpG clustering vs. sliding-window methods
    Michael Hackenberg
    Dpto de Genetica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Granada, Campus de Fuentenueva s n, 18071, Granada, Spain
    BMC Genomics 11:327. 2010
    Unmethylated stretches of CpG dinucleotides (CpG islands) are an outstanding property of mammal genomes...
  38. ncbi The SRA domain of UHRF1 flips 5-methylcytosine out of the DNA helix
    Hideharu Hashimoto
    Department of Biochemistry, Emory University School of Medicine, 1510 Clifton Road, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, USA
    Nature 455:826-9. 2008
    ..Hence, UHRF1 contains a previously unknown DNA-binding module and is the first example of a non-enzymatic, sequence-specific DNA-binding protein domain to use the base flipping mechanism to interact with DNA...
  39. ncbi Cancer epigenomics: DNA methylomes and histone-modification maps
    Manel Esteller
    Cancer Epigenetics Laboratory, Spanish National Cancer Centre CNIO, Melchor Fernandez Almagro 3, 28029 Madrid, Spain
    Nat Rev Genet 8:286-98. 2007
    ..It is time to 'upgrade' cancer epigenetics research and put together an ambitious plan to tackle the many unanswered questions in this field using epigenomics approaches...
  40. ncbi Deficiency of methyl-CpG binding protein-2 in CNS neurons results in a Rett-like phenotype in mice
    R Z Chen
    The Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
    Nat Genet 27:327-31. 2001
    ..Mecp2 deficiency in these neurons is sufficient to cause neuronal dysfunction with symptomatic manifestation similar to Rett syndrome...
  41. ncbi Epigenetic profiling of somatic tissues from human autopsy specimens identifies tissue- and individual-specific DNA methylation patterns
    Hyang Min Byun
    Jane Anne Nohl Division of Hematology, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
    Hum Mol Genet 18:4808-17. 2009
    ..852) and across six individuals (r = 0.829), and we found that DNA was highly methylated in non-CpG islands and/or CpG sites that are not occupied by either H3K4me3 or H3K27me3 (P < 0.05)...
  42. ncbi Nascent RNA sequencing reveals widespread pausing and divergent initiation at human promoters
    Leighton J Core
    Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
    Science 322:1845-8. 2008
    ..These results imply that the interplay between polymerases and regulators over broad promoter regions dictates the orientation and efficiency of productive transcription...
  43. ncbi Sites of differential DNA methylation between placenta and peripheral blood: molecular markers for noninvasive prenatal diagnosis of aneuploidies
    Elisavet A Papageorgiou
    Cytogenetics and Genomics Department, The CyprusInstitute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia, Cyprus
    Am J Pathol 174:1609-18. 2009
    ..Additionally, correlation of these regions with CpG islands, genes, and promoter regions was investigated...
  44. ncbi The folate pool in colorectal cancers is associated with DNA hypermethylation and with a polymorphism in methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase
    Kazuyuki Kawakami
    Department of Surgery, Kanazawa University School of Medicine, Kanazawa, Japan
    Clin Cancer Res 9:5860-5. 2003
    ..occurs in a subset of colorectal cancers and is characterized by regional areas of hypermethylation at CpG islands. The aims of this study were firstly to evaluate the levels of folate intermediates (FIs) in tumors with ..
  45. ncbi Identification of novel imprinted genes in a genome-wide screen for maternal methylation
    Rachel J Smith
    Developmental Genetics Program, The Babraham Institute, Cambridge CB2 4AT, UK
    Genome Res 13:558-69. 2003
    ..Interestingly, two of the three novel genes identified in this screen are located within the introns of other genes; their identification indicates that such "microimprinted" domains may be more common than previously thought...
  46. ncbi DNA methylation: the nuts and bolts of repression
    Tina Branscombe Miranda
    Department of Urology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90033, USA
    J Cell Physiol 213:384-90. 2007
    ..In this review, we will discuss the mechanisms which lead to the long-term silencing of genes and will survey the progression that has been made in determining the targeted mechanisms for de novo DNA methylation...
  47. ncbi Genome-wide DNA methylation profiles in both precancerous conditions and clear cell renal cell carcinomas are correlated with malignant potential and patient outcome
    Eri Arai
    Pathology Division, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
    Carcinogenesis 30:214-21. 2009
    ..DNA methylation alterations in the precancerous stage may generate more malignant clear cell RCCs and determine patient outcome...
  48. ncbi TET1 and hydroxymethylcytosine in transcription and DNA methylation fidelity
    Kristine Williams
    Biotech Research and Innovation Centre, University of Copenhagen, Ole Maaløes Vej 5, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
    Nature 473:343-8. 2011
    ..We propose that TET1 fine-tunes transcription, opposes aberrant DNA methylation at CpG-rich sequences and thereby contributes to the regulation of DNA methylation fidelity...
  49. ncbi DNA methylation of multiple promoter-associated CpG islands in adult acute lymphocytic leukemia
    Guillermo Garcia-Manero
    Departments of Leukemia, University of Texas M D Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
    Clin Cancer Res 8:2217-24. 2002
    Aberrant methylation of promoter-associated CpG islands is an epigenetic oncogenic mechanism. The objective of this study was to define the methylation characteristics of patients with acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL).
  50. ncbi Polycomb-mediated methylation on Lys27 of histone H3 pre-marks genes for de novo methylation in cancer
    Yeshayahu Schlesinger
    Department of Cellular Biochemistry and Human Genetics, The Hebrew University Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem 91120, Israel
    Nat Genet 39:232-6. 2007
    Many genes associated with CpG islands undergo de novo methylation in cancer...
  51. ncbi Epigenetics and miRNAs in human cancer
    Muller Fabbri
    Department of Molecular Virology, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
    Adv Genet 70:87-99. 2010
    ..The result of this epigenetic-miRNA interaction is a new layer of complexity in gene regulation, whose comprehension opens new avenues to understand human cancerogenesis and to achieve new cancer treatments...
  52. ncbi Identifying differentially methylated genes using mixed effect and generalized least square models
    Shuying Sun
    Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, USA
    BMC Bioinformatics 10:404. 2009
    ..Identifying differentially methylated genes or CpG islands (CGIs) associated with genes between two tumor subtypes is thus an important biological question...
  53. ncbi Methylation profile of TP53 regulatory pathway and mtDNA alterations in breast cancer patients lacking TP53 mutations
    Zeinab Barekati
    Laboratory for Gynecological Oncology, Women s Hospital Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Switzerland
    Hum Mol Genet 19:2936-46. 2010
    ..Additionally, release of significant aberrant methylated PTEN in matched serum samples might represent a promising biomarker for breast cancer...
  54. ncbi Dnmt3b recruitment through E2F6 transcriptional repressor mediates germ-line gene silencing in murine somatic tissues
    Guillaume Velasco
    Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, University Paris Diderot, 75013 Paris, France
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 107:9281-6. 2010
    ..Therefore, our results unraveled a coordinated regulation of genes involved in meiosis, through E2F6-dependant methylation and transcriptional silencing in somatic tissues...
  55. ncbi CpG islands recruit a histone H3 lysine 36 demethylase
    Neil P Blackledge
    Department of Biochemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
    Mol Cell 38:179-90. 2010
    ..These features, called CpG islands, were identified over 20 years ago, but there remains little mechanistic evidence to suggest how these ..
  56. ncbi Polymorphisms in methyl-group metabolism genes and risk of sporadic colorectal cancer with relation to the CpG island methylator phenotype
    Pawel Karpinski
    Department of Genetics, Wroclaw Medical University, ul Marcinkowskiego 1, Wroclaw, Poland
    Cancer Epidemiol 34:338-44. 2010
    ..The aim of the present study was to evaluate whether polymorphisms in the genes encoding methyl-group metabolism pathway predispose to CIMP+ and/or CIMP- CRC...
  57. ncbi Methylation-associated silencing of the nuclear receptor 1I2 gene in advanced-type neuroblastomas, identified by bacterial artificial chromosome array-based methylated CpG island amplification
    Akiko Misawa
    Department of Molecular Cytogenetics, Medical Research Institute and Graduate School of Biomedical Science, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
    Cancer Res 65:10233-42. 2005
    ....
  58. ncbi Concordant CpG island methylation in hyperplastic polyposis
    Annie On-On Chan
    Department of Pathology, University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030-4095, USA
    Am J Pathol 160:529-36. 2002
    ..mechanism for carcinogenesis in colorectal carcinomas and adenomas characterized by methylation of multiple CpG islands. The causes of CIMP are unknown...
  59. ncbi Evaluation of the effect of CpG hypermutability on human codon substitution
    Kazuharu Misawa
    Chiba Industry Advancement Center, 2 6 Nakase, Mihama ku, Chiba 261 7126, Japan
    Gene 431:18-22. 2009
    ..Based on these results, we developed a model that incorporates CpG hypermutability as well as the transition/transversion ratio and changes in the chemical properties of amino acids...
  60. ncbi CpG island hypermethylation in human astrocytomas
    Xiwei Wu
    Department of Cancer Biology, Beckman Research Institute of the City of Hope, Duarte, CA, USA
    Cancer Res 70:2718-27. 2010
    Astrocytomas are common and lethal human brain tumors. We have analyzed the methylation status of over 28,000 CpG islands and 18,000 promoters in normal human brain and in astrocytomas of various grades using the methylated CpG island ..
  61. ncbi Chromosome-wide and promoter-specific analyses identify sites of differential DNA methylation in normal and transformed human cells
    Michael Weber
    Friedrich Miescher Institute for Biomedical Research, Maulbeerstrasse 66, 4058 Basel, Switzerland
    Nat Genet 37:853-62. 2005
    ..analysis to generate methylation profiles of all human chromosomes at 80-kb resolution and for a large set of CpG islands. In primary cells we identified broad genomic regions of differential methylation with higher levels in gene-..
  62. ncbi Global DNA hypomethylation (LINE-1) in the normal colon and lifestyle characteristics and dietary and genetic factors
    Jane C Figueiredo
    Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
    Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 18:1041-9. 2009
    ..Little is known about the relationships between global hypomethylation and lifestyle, demographics, dietary measures, and genetic factors...
  63. ncbi Epigenetic changes to the MDR1 locus in response to chemotherapeutic drugs
    Emma K Baker
    Epigenetics in Human Health and Disease Laboratory, The Alfred Medical Research and Education Precinct, Baker Medical Research Institute, Commercial Road, Prahran, Victoria 3181, Australia
    Oncogene 24:8061-75. 2005
    ..Our results demonstrate that chemotherapeutic drugs can actively induce epigenetic changes within the MDR1 promoter, and enhance the MDR phenotype...
  64. ncbi Alterations of the Wnt signaling pathway during the neoplastic progression of Barrett's esophagus
    G Clement
    Institut de Pathologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne, Switzerland
    Oncogene 25:3084-92. 2006
    ....
  65. ncbi DNA methylation and histone modifications cause silencing of Wnt antagonist gene in human renal cell carcinoma cell lines
    Ken Kawamoto
    Department of Urology, Veterans Affairs Medical Center and University of California School of Medicine, San Francisco, CA 94121, USA
    Int J Cancer 123:535-42. 2008
    ..The methylation status at 46 CpG sites of the 2 CpG islands in the sFRP2 promoter was characterized by bisulfite DNA sequencing...
  66. ncbi Epigenetic silencing of the candidate tumor suppressor gene PROX1 in sporadic breast cancer
    Beatrix Versmold
    Division of Molecular Gyneco Oncology, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University of Cologne, Germany
    Int J Cancer 121:547-54. 2007
    ..In summary, we have identified PROX1 as a novel target gene that is hypermethylated and transcriptionally silenced in primary and metastatic breast cancer...
  67. ncbi Abrogation of DUSP6 by hypermethylation in human pancreatic cancer
    Shanhai Xu
    Department of Molecular Pathology, Tohoku University School of Medicine, 2 1 Seiryo machi, Aoba ku, Sendai 980 8575, Japan
    J Hum Genet 50:159-67. 2005
    ..023) by chi-square test. These results indicate that hypermethylation of the CpG islands in intron 1 may account for the strong suppression of DUSP6 expression...
  68. ncbi Frequent epigenetic silencing of protocadherin 10 by methylation in multiple haematologic malignancies
    Jianming Ying
    Cancer Epigenetics Laboratory, Department of Clinical Oncology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
    Br J Haematol 136:829-32. 2007
    ..Methylation was further detected in 14% of Hodgkin lymphoma sera. Thus, PCDH10 methylation is frequently involved in lymphomagenesis and could serve as a tumour-specific biomarker...
  69. ncbi Genetic and epigenetic alterations of LTF at 3p21.3 in nasopharyngeal carcinoma
    Hong Mei Yi
    Cancer Research Institute, Xiang Ya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P R China
    Oncol Res 16:261-72. 2006
    ..In conclusion, our data indicate that two-hit silencing of LTF through genetic and epigenetic changes may be a common and important event in the carcinogenesis of NPC...
  70. ncbi Epigenetic and HIF-1 regulation of stanniocalcin-2 expression in human cancer cells
    Alice Y S Law
    Department of Biology, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong
    Exp Cell Res 314:1823-30. 2008
    ..Collectively, this is the first report to show that STC2 was aberrantly hypermethylated in human cancer cells. The findings demonstrated that STC2 epigenetic inactivation may interfere with HIF-1 mediated activation of STC2 expression...
  71. ncbi Epigenetic silencing of AXIN2 in colorectal carcinoma with microsatellite instability
    K Koinuma
    Division of Functional Genomics, Jichi Medical School, Tochigi, Japan
    Oncogene 25:139-46. 2006
    ..These data indicate that epigenetic silencing of AXIN2 is specifically associated with carcinogenesis in MSI+ CRCs...
  72. ncbi Epigenetic silencing of prostaglandin E receptor 2 (PTGER2) is associated with progression of neuroblastomas
    Y Sugino
    Department of Molecular Cytogenetics, Medical Research Institute and School of Biomedical Science, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
    Oncogene 26:7401-13. 2007
    ....
  73. ncbi Epigenetic inactivation of DLC-1 in supratentorial primitive neuroectodermal tumor
    Jesse Chung-sean Pang
    Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
    Hum Pathol 36:36-43. 2005
    ....
  74. ncbi The dioxin receptor is silenced by promoter hypermethylation in human acute lymphoblastic leukemia through inhibition of Sp1 binding
    S Mulero-Navarro
    Departamento de Bioquimica y Biologia Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Extremadura, Avenida de Elvas s n, 06071 Badajoz, Spain
    Carcinogenesis 27:1099-104. 2006
    ..Therefore, promoter hypermethylation represents a novel epigenetic mechanism downregulating AhR activity in hematological malignancies such as ALL...
  75. ncbi Epigenetic down-regulation and suppressive role of DCBLD2 in gastric cancer cell proliferation and invasion
    Mirang Kim
    Functional Genomics Research Center, KRIBB, Yuseong Gu, Daejeon, Korea
    Mol Cancer Res 6:222-30. 2008
    ..These data suggest that down-regulation of DCBLD2, often associated with promoter hypermethylation, is a frequent event that may be related to the development of gastric cancer...
  76. ncbi CpG island methylation in a mouse model of lymphoma is driven by the genetic configuration of tumor cells
    Rene Opavsky
    Human Cancer Genetics Program, Department of Molecular Virology, Immunology and Medical Genetics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
    PLoS Genet 3:1757-69. 2007
    Hypermethylation of CpG islands is a common epigenetic alteration associated with cancer. Global patterns of hypermethylation are tumor-type specific and nonrandom...
  77. ncbi The epigenetic silencing of LIMS2 in gastric cancer and its inhibitory effect on cell migration
    Seung Kyoon Kim
    Functional Genomics Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, 52 Eoeun dong, Yuseong Gu, Daejeon 305 333, Republic of Korea
    Biochem Biophys Res Commun 349:1032-40. 2006
    ..Thus, LIMS2 may be useful as a molecular biomarker and a therapeutic target by increasing its expression and activity in gastric cancer...
  78. ncbi Correlation between the single-site CpG methylation and expression silencing of the XAF1 gene in human gastric and colon cancers
    Bing Zou
    Department of Gastroenterology, Rui Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
    Gastroenterology 131:1835-43. 2006
    ..The aim of this study was to examine the novel pattern of methylation of XAF1 in gastric and colon cancers and locate the important CpG sites for transcriptional regulation and tumor progression...
  79. ncbi Genetic or epigenetic silencing of low density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 1B expression in oral squamous cell carcinoma
    Takayuki Nakagawa
    Department of Molecular Cytogenetics, Medical Research Institute and Graduate School of Biomedical Science, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
    Cancer Sci 97:1070-4. 2006
    ..Taken together, the results suggested that frequent inactivation of LRP1B mainly occurs by means of epigenetic mechanisms in OSCC, which might play an important role in oral tumorigenesis...
  80. ncbi Epigenetic silencing of novel tumor suppressors in malignant melanoma
    Viswanathan Muthusamy
    Department of Pathology, University of Vermont College of Medicine, Burlington, Vermont 05405, USA
    Cancer Res 66:11187-93. 2006
    ..Reexpression of either of two of the silenced genes, HOXB13 and SYK, resulted in reduced colony formation in vitro and diminished tumor formation in vivo, indicating that these genes function as tumor suppressors in melanoma...
  81. ncbi Promoter hypermethylation contributes to frequent inactivation of a putative conditional tumor suppressor gene connective tissue growth factor in ovarian cancer
    Ryoko Kikuchi
    Department of Molecular Cytogenetics, Medical Research Institute and School of Biomedical Science, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Japan
    Cancer Res 67:7095-105. 2007
    ....
  82. ncbi Methylation mediated silencing of TMS1/ASC gene in prostate cancer
    Partha M Das
    Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA
    Mol Cancer 5:28. 2006
    ..We also examined the prevalence of TMS1/ASC gene methylation in prostate cancer tissue samples in an effort to correlate race and clinico-pathological features with TMS1/ASC gene methylation...
  83. ncbi Methylation and gene silencing of the Ras-related GTPase gene in lung and breast cancers
    Makoto Suzuki
    Department of Thoracic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
    Ann Surg Oncol 14:1397-404. 2007
    ..Although loss of expression of RRAD in breast cancer cells has been reported and it may act as an oncogene, the mechanism of silencing is unknown...
  84. ncbi Epigenetic silencing of the putative tumor suppressor gene testisin in testicular germ cell tumors
    Carsten Kempkensteffen
    Department of Urology, Charite, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Universitatsmedizin Berlin, Hindenburgdamm 30, 12200, Berlin, Germany
    J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 132:765-70. 2006
    ..This study aimed at identifying the CpG sites relevant for testisin gene silencing when methylated and evaluating the potential of aberrant methylation as a biomarker in TGCT...
  85. ncbi Frequent inactivation of RAMP2, EFEMP1 and Dutt1 in lung cancer by promoter hypermethylation
    Wen Yue
    Department of Pharmacology, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
    Clin Cancer Res 13:4336-44. 2007
    ..The goal of this study is to identify novel genes frequently silenced by promoter hypermethylation in lung cancer...
  86. ncbi A role for DNA hypomethylation and histone acetylation in maintaining allele-specific expression of mouse NKG2A in developing and mature NK cells
    Sally L Rogers
    Terry Fox Laboratory, British Columbia Cancer Research Centre, 675 West 10th Avenue, Vancouver, BC, Canada
    J Immunol 177:414-21. 2006
    ..These results enhance our understanding of the formation and maintenance of NK receptor repertoires in developing and mature NK cells...
  87. ncbi DNA methylation-dependent epigenetic regulation of gene expression in MCF-7 breast cancer cells
    Ashley G Rivenbark
    Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, USA
    Epigenetics 1:32-44. 2006
    ..Most of these putative epigentically-regulated genes in MCF-7 cells do not contain CpG islands. In fact, these genes could be classified based upon their promoter CpG features, including genes with: (1) ..
  88. ncbi Sustained IL-6/STAT-3 signaling in cholangiocarcinoma cells due to SOCS-3 epigenetic silencing
    Hajime Isomoto
    Miles and Shirley Fiterman Center for Digestive Diseases, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
    Gastroenterology 132:384-96. 2007
    ..Because suppressor of cytokine signaling 3 (SOCS) controls the IL-6/STAT-3 signaling pathway by a classic feedback loop, the aims of this study were to examine SOCS-3 regulation in human cholangiocarcinoma...
  89. ncbi Frequent silencing of the candidate tumor suppressor PCDH20 by epigenetic mechanism in non-small-cell lung cancers
    Issei Imoto
    Department of Molecular Cytogenetics, Medical Research Institute and Graduate School of Biomedical Science, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
    Cancer Res 66:4617-26. 2006
    ..These results suggest that epigenetic silencing by hypermethylation of the CpG-rich promoter region of PCDH20 leads to loss of PCDH20 function, which may be a factor in the carcinogenesis of NSCLC...
  90. ncbi Epigenetic inactivation of Betaig-h3 gene in human cancer cells
    Genze Shao
    Center for Radiological Research and Department of Pathology, Columbia University, New York, New York 10032, USA
    Cancer Res 66:4566-73. 2006
    ..These results suggest that promoter methylation plays a critical role in promoter silencing of the Betaig-h3 gene in human tumor cells...
  91. ncbi Epigenetic silencing of HSulf-1 in ovarian cancer:implications in chemoresistance
    J Staub
    Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Division of Experimental Pathology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
    Oncogene 26:4969-78. 2007
    ..0146, chi(2) test). Collectively, these data indicate that HSulf-1 is epigenetically silenced in ovarian cancer and that epigenetic therapy targeting HSulf-1 might sensitize ovarian tumors to conventional first-line therapies...
  92. ncbi Epigenetic allele silencing unveils recessive RYR1 mutations in core myopathies
    Haiyan Zhou
    Dubowitz Neuromuscular Centre, Department of Paediatrics, Imperial College, Hammersmith Hospital London, United Kingdom
    Am J Hum Genet 79:859-68. 2006
    ..Furthermore, our data suggest that imprinting is a likely mechanism for this phenomenon and that similar mechanisms could play a role in human phenotypic heterogeneity...
  93. ncbi Regulation of the promoter activity of interferon regulatory factor-7 gene. Activation by interferon snd silencing by hypermethylation
    R Lu
    Oncology Center and Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21231, USA
    J Biol Chem 275:31805-12. 2000
    ..Whether silencing of IRF-7 by methylation is instrumental for the process of tumorigenesis remains to be determined...
  94. ncbi Methylation-associated silencing of the thrombospondin-1 gene in human neuroblastoma
    Qi Wei Yang
    The Robert H Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60614, USA
    Cancer Res 63:6299-310. 2003
    ..Demethylating agents may prove to be effective candidates for the treatment of children with NB...
  95. ncbi ASC/TMS1, a caspase-1 activating adaptor, is downregulated by aberrant methylation in human melanoma
    Xin Guan
    Department of Molecular Oncology, Institute on Aging and Adaptation, Shinshu University Graduate School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Nagano, Japan
    Int J Cancer 107:202-8. 2003
    ..Our study shows that ASC is downregulated in melanoma, and that its suppression is partially mediated by aberrant methylation...
  96. ncbi Genetic unmasking of epigenetically silenced tumor suppressor genes in colon cancer cells deficient in DNA methyltransferases
    Maria F Paz
    Cancer Epigenetics Laboratory, Spanish National Cancer Centre (CNIO, Melchor Fernandez Almagro 3, 28029 Madrid, Spain
    Hum Mol Genet 12:2209-19. 2003
    Hypermethylation associated silencing of the CpG islands of tumor suppressor genes is a common hallmark of human cancer...
  97. ncbi UQCRH gene encoding mitochondrial Hinge protein is interrupted by a translocation in a soft-tissue sarcoma and epigenetically inactivated in some cancer cell lines
    Piergiorgio Modena
    Unit of Molecular Cytogenetics, Istituto Nazionale Tumori, Via G Venezian 1, 20133 Milano, Italy
    Oncogene 22:4586-93. 2003
    ..These data provide preliminary evidence of the inactivation of UQCRH gene in cancer either by structural rearrangements or epigenetic mechanisms...
  98. ncbi Epigenetic inactivation of CHFR in nasopharyngeal carcinoma through promoter methylation
    Hiu Wing Cheung
    Cancer Biology Group, Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
    Mol Carcinog 43:237-45. 2005
    ..1% (22 out of 36) of primary NPC tumors while it was absent in non-malignant tissues. These findings suggest that downregulation of CHFR is a common event in NPC cells which may be due to hypermethylation of the gene promoter region...
  99. ncbi Promoter hypermethylation: a common cause of reduced p16(INK4a) expression in uveal melanoma
    P A van der Velden
    Section Human Genetics, Center for Human and Clinical Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 AL Leiden, The Netherlands
    Cancer Res 61:5303-6. 2001
    ..In conclusion, p16(INK4a) promoter methylation appears to be a common event in uveal melanoma and is accompanied by the loss of p16(INK4a) expression...
  100. ncbi Hypermethylation, but not LOH, is associated with the low expression of MT1G and CRABP1 in papillary thyroid carcinoma
    Ying Huang
    Human Cancer Genetics Program, Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
    Int J Cancer 104:735-44. 2003
    ..In contrast, hypermethylation of promoter CpG islands seems to occur at higher frequency...
  101. ncbi Pharmacologic unmasking of epigenetically silenced tumor suppressor genes in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma
    Keishi Yamashita
    Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Johns Hopkins University, 720 Rutland Avenue, Ross Building 818, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
    Cancer Cell 2:485-95. 2002
    ..Among 58 genes identified by this approach, 44 (76%) harbored dense CpG islands in the promoter regions...

Research Grants100

  1. Genome-scale anaylsis of DNA methylation in CpG Islands with bisulfite sequencing
    KUN contact ZHANG; Fiscal Year: 2010
    ..The goal of this proposal is to enable digital quantification of DNA methylation status of non-repetitive CpG islands on the genome scale efficiently and inexpensively...
  2. Regulation of Airway Mucin Gene Expression by Epigenetic Mechanism
    Reen Wu; Fiscal Year: 2010
    ..Preliminary studies have shown the presence of CpG islands in the upstream promoter region of human MUC5AC (at -4,396 bp - 4,541bp), which is not present in the mouse ..
  3. Genome-scale anaylsis of DNA methylation in CpG Islands with bisulfite sequencing
    Kun Zhang; Fiscal Year: 2009
    ..The goal of this proposal is to enable digital quantification of DNA methylation status of non-repetitive CpG islands on the genome scale efficiently and inexpensively...
  4. Genome-scale anaylsis of DNA methylation in CpG Islands with bisulfite sequencing
    Kun Zhang; Fiscal Year: 2009
    ..The goal of this proposal is to enable digital quantification of DNA methylation status of non-repetitive CpG islands on the genome scale efficiently and inexpensively...
  5. MECHANISMS OF FETAL MEMBRANE RUPTURE
    JEROME STRAUSS; Fiscal Year: 2009
    ..The hypotheses to be tested are: 1) that variation in methylation of CpG islands in the promoters of MMP and collagen synthesis genes regulate gene expression; 2) that certain metyhylation ..
  6. MECHANISMS OF FETAL MEMBRANE RUPTURE
    Jerome F Strauss; Fiscal Year: 2010
    ..The hypotheses to be tested are: 1) that variation in methylation of CpG islands in the promoters of MMP and collagen synthesis genes regulate gene expression;2) that certain metyhylation ..
  7. MECHANISMS OF FETAL MEMBRANE RUPTURE
    JEROME STRAUSS; Fiscal Year: 2009
    ..The hypotheses to be tested are: 1) that variation in methylation of CpG islands in the promoters of MMP and collagen synthesis genes regulate gene expression; 2) that certain metyhylation ..
  8. CPG METHYLATION AND MUTATION
    Gerd P Pfeifer; Fiscal Year: 2010
    Transcriptional gene silencing by hypermethylation of CpG islands spanning the promoter regions of genes is a common and important mechanism in carcinogenesis...
  9. Mouse models for GABA epigenetic dysfunction
    Alessandro Guidotti; Fiscal Year: 2009
    ..2002a), and a hypermethylation of the reelin promoter CpG islands (Grayson, personal communication) encouraged us to consider that hypermethylation of promoter CpG islands is a ..
  10. Inducible Dysplastic Nephropathy in B2-Deficient Mice
    Samir S El Dahr; Fiscal Year: 2010
    ..H3 deacetylation and lysine 4 (H3K4) demethylation and H3K9/27 methylation, followed by hypermethylation of CpG islands. We postulate that these modifications in the histone code inhibit transcription factor binding to the Pax2 ..
  11. Mouse models for GABA epigenetic dysfunction
    Alessandro Guidotti; Fiscal Year: 2007
    ..2002a), and a hypermethylation of the reelin promoter CpG islands (Grayson, personal communication) encouraged us to consider that hypermethylation of promoter CpG islands is a ..
  12. Epigenetic regulation of HIV latency
    ERIC M VERDIN; Fiscal Year: 2010
    ..To test the hypothesis that HIV integration in or near hypermethylated CpG islands leads to latency, we propose to compare the state of DNA methylation in resting and activated lymphocytes at ..
  13. Molecular Mechanisms of GSTP1 Reactivation by Green Tea Polyphenols
    Sanjay Gupta; Fiscal Year: 2009
    ..GSTP1), a critical enzyme of carcinogen defense, through methylation of deoxycytidine residue in CpG islands in the 5'-regulating region...
  14. Molecular Mechanisms of GSTP1 Reactivation by Green Tea Polyphenols
    Sanjay Gupta; Fiscal Year: 2010
    ..GSTP1), a critical enzyme of carcinogen defense, through methylation of deoxycytidine residue in CpG islands in the 5'-regulating region...
  15. Molecular Mechanisms of GSTP1 Reactivation by Green Tea Polyphenols
    Sanjay Gupta; Fiscal Year: 2007
    ..GSTP1), a critical enzyme of carcinogen defense, through methylation of deoxycytidine residue in CpG islands in the 5'-regulating region...
  16. Development Modulation of Mouse Uterine Tumorigenesis
    Shuk Mei Ho; Fiscal Year: 2005
    ..we will test the hypothesis that neonatal exposure to estrogenic compounds induces 1) aberrant methylation of 5'CpG islands of specific genes, and 2) that these changes persist in adult uterine tissues leading to "permanent" changes in ..
  17. SIGNIFICANCE OF AGE DEPENDENT CHANGES IN DNA METHYLATION
    Bruce Richardson; Fiscal Year: 2002
    ..for genome scanning has been implemented by our group that allows detection of methylation changes in CpG islands which occur close to gene coding sequences...
  18. Wnt antagonist genes in kidney tumor progression and metastasis
    Rajvir Dahiya; Fiscal Year: 2010
    ..Under this aim, we will analyze hypermethylation of CpG Islands in promoter regions of Wnt antagonist genes using sodium bisulfite methylation techniques and confirm by direct ..
  19. DNA Methylation as a Risk Factor for Cervical Neoplasia
    Long Fu Xi; Fiscal Year: 2007
    ..A loss of function of certain critical genes by methylation of CpG islands in promoter region has been found in a variety of cancers, including cancer of the cervix...
  20. Defining Genomic Signatures for Aberrant DNA Methylation in Human Cancers
    Paula M Vertino; Fiscal Year: 2010
    Epigenetic silencing involving alterations in DNA methylation and chromatin structure at promoter region CpG islands is a common mechanism of tumor suppressor gene inactivation in human cancers...
  21. DNA Methylation as a Risk Factor for Cervical Neoplasia
    Long Fu Xi; Fiscal Year: 2009
    ..A loss of function of certain critical genes by methylation of CpG islands in promoter region has been found in a variety of cancers, including cancer of the cervix...
  22. Cancer Genome Characterization Center at Johns Hopkins
    Stephen Baylin; Fiscal Year: 2007
    ..assay will again use the Illumina technology for high-throughput and accurate assay of functionally selected 5' CpG islands across the genome, as well as all CpG islands located on chromosomes 21 and 22, and a random selection of non- ..
  23. Reactivation of GSTP1 Gene by Green Tea Polyphenols
    Sanjay Gupta; Fiscal Year: 2005
    ..GSTP1), a critical enzyme of carcinogen defense, through methylation of deoxycytidine residue in CpG islands in the 5'- regulating region...
  24. DNA methylation patterns as biomarker for breast cancer
    Kristin Skinner; Fiscal Year: 2003
    ..We hypothesize that methylation changes in the CpG islands of tumor suppressor genes represent some of the earliest changes in the progression to malignancy in breast ..
  25. Prostate Cancer Detection by Molecular Urinalysis
    Christian Pavlovich; Fiscal Year: 2007
    ..Three urinary analyses will form the cornerstones of this study: methylation of DNA at CpG islands of the pi-class glutathione-s transferase (GSTP1) promoter, a noncoding RNA "differential display 3" (DD3), and ..
  26. Transition State Analogues as Modulators of DNA Methylation
    Vern L Schramm; Fiscal Year: 2010
    ..leading to cancer are governed, in part, by DNA methylation at regions of the genome rich in CpG bases, called CpG islands. The hypothesis for this research is that MTAP inhibitors alter metabolite levels in cancer tissues to inhibit ..
  27. Epigenetic Targeting in Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma
    Huidong Shi; Fiscal Year: 2007
    Hypermethylation of promoter CpG islands plays a prominent role in cancer...
  28. DNA Methylation in Non-Hodgkin's Lymphomas
    Charles Caldwell; Fiscal Year: 2006
    ..is studies of DNA methylation in tumorigenesis, a process commonly observed in GC-rich sequences called CpG islands in many types of human cancers and is often associated with transcriptional silencing...
  29. METHYLATION OF THE CALCITONIN GENE IN HUMAN TUMORS
    Stephen Baylin; Fiscal Year: 2003
    An increasing body of data suggest that aberrant DNA methylation of selected clusters of CpG dinucleotides ("CpG Islands") may act as a "mutation" which can silence gene expression and participate In chromosome changes critical to ..
  30. HIGH THROUGHPUT METHYLATION ANALYSIS IN CANCER
    Tim Huang; Fiscal Year: 2002
    Aberrant DNA methylation frequently occurs in CpG islands, which are 0.2 to 2-kb GC-rich sequences located in the 5 ends of approximately 60 percent of all genes, in neoplasia...
  31. TRIGGERING OF ABERRANT CPG ISLAND METHYLATION
    Russ Pieper; Fiscal Year: 2002
    ..b>CpG islands are regions of DNA associated with promoters of approximately 50 percent of human genes...
  32. CpG island methylation in glioblastoma cancer stem cells
    KRISTOPHER MOOREFIELD; Fiscal Year: 2007
    ..The Costello laboratory has developed a novel technique to assess the methylation status of CpG islands on a genome-wide scale using existing BAG array technology...
  33. Phase I study of 5-aza-2?-deoxycitidine in acute lymphocytic leukemia
    Guillermo Garcia Manero; Fiscal Year: 2007
    ..We have demonstrated that aberrant DNA methylation of multiple promoter associated CpG islands is a very frequent phenomenon in ALL, and that aberrant epigenetic silencing of specific molecular pathways, in ..
  34. DNA METHYLATION AND GENE EXPRESSION IN CANCER CELLS
    Samson Jacob; Fiscal Year: 2004
    ..Although methylation at CpG islands is known to occur in several genes that leads to suppression of their expression, the molecular mechanism of ..