ecosystem

Summary

Summary: A functional system which includes the organisms of a natural community together with their environment. (McGraw Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed)

Top Publications

  1. ncbi Biodiversity hotspots for conservation priorities
    N Myers
    Green College, Oxford University, Headington, UK
    Nature 403:853-8. 2000
  2. ncbi Microbial diversity in the deep sea and the underexplored "rare biosphere"
    Mitchell L Sogin
    Josephine Bay Paul Center, Marine Biological Laboratory at Woods Hole, 7 MBL Street, Woods Hole, MA 02543, USA
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 103:12115-20. 2006
  3. ncbi Coral reefs under rapid climate change and ocean acidification
    O Hoegh-Guldberg
    Centre for Marine Studies, University of Queensland, St Lucia, 4072 Queensland, Australia
    Science 318:1737-42. 2007
  4. ncbi A globally coherent fingerprint of climate change impacts across natural systems
    Camille Parmesan
    Integrative Biology, Patterson Laboratories 141, University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
    Nature 421:37-42. 2003
  5. ncbi Functional metagenomic profiling of nine biomes
    Elizabeth A Dinsdale
    Department of Biology, San Diego State University, San Diego, California 92182, USA
    Nature 452:629-32. 2008
  6. ncbi Diversity of the human intestinal microbial flora
    Paul B Eckburg
    Division of Infectious Diseases and Geographic Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Room S 169, 300 Pasteur Drive, Stanford CA 94305 5107, USA
    Science 308:1635-8. 2005
  7. ncbi Historical overfishing and the recent collapse of coastal ecosystems
    J B Jackson
    Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 0244, USA
    Science 293:629-37. 2001
  8. ncbi Climate change, human impacts, and the resilience of coral reefs
    T P Hughes
    Centre for Coral Reef Biodiversity, James Cook University, Townsville, Qld 4811, Australia
    Science 301:929-33. 2003
  9. ncbi Confronting the coral reef crisis
    D R Bellwood
    Centre for Coral Reef Biodiversity, Dept of Marine Biology, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland 4811, Australia
    Nature 429:827-33. 2004
  10. ncbi Evidence for ecological speciation and its alternative
    Dolph Schluter
    Biodiversity Research Centre and Zoology Department, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
    Science 323:737-41. 2009

Research Grants

  1. In vivo molecular analysis of probiotic impact on a defined microbiota and host
    Justin Sonnenburg; Fiscal Year: 2007
  2. Ecosystem disturbance and multiscale transmission of a zoonotic wildlife pathogen
    Philip Craig; Fiscal Year: 2007
  3. Role of Bacterial Vaginosis in Preterm Delivery
    ROBIN ROSS; Fiscal Year: 2003
  4. MOFE PROTEIN PROSTHETIC GROUPS IN NITROGENASE CATALYSIS
    WILLIAM NEWTON; Fiscal Year: 2003
  5. Stent Lock Mechanism for Transcutaneous Catheters
    NICHOLAS VITALE; Fiscal Year: 2005
  6. ROLE OF FEMO-COFACTOR IN NITROGENASE CATALYSIS
    WILLIAM NEWTON; Fiscal Year: 1993
  7. BAIT VACCINE AGAINST LYME BORRELIOSIS
    Maria Gomes Solecki; Fiscal Year: 2007
  8. CONTROL OF PERIODONTAL INFECTIONS
    Sigmund Socransky; Fiscal Year: 2003
  9. Arbovirus quasispecies-impact of arthropod transmission
    GREGORY EBEL; Fiscal Year: 2004
  10. The Acquisition of Bacterial Vaginosis in Lesbians
    Jeanne Marrazzo; Fiscal Year: 2006

Detail Information

Publications249 found, 100 shown here

  1. ncbi Biodiversity hotspots for conservation priorities
    N Myers
    Green College, Oxford University, Headington, UK
    Nature 403:853-8. 2000
    ..4% of the land surface of the Earth. This opens the way for a 'silver bullet' strategy on the part of conservation planners, focusing on these hotspots in proportion to their share of the world's species at risk...
  2. ncbi Microbial diversity in the deep sea and the underexplored "rare biosphere"
    Mitchell L Sogin
    Josephine Bay Paul Center, Marine Biological Laboratory at Woods Hole, 7 MBL Street, Woods Hole, MA 02543, USA
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 103:12115-20. 2006
    ..Members of the rare biosphere are highly divergent from each other and, at different times in earth's history, may have had a profound impact on shaping planetary processes...
  3. ncbi Coral reefs under rapid climate change and ocean acidification
    O Hoegh-Guldberg
    Centre for Marine Studies, University of Queensland, St Lucia, 4072 Queensland, Australia
    Science 318:1737-42. 2007
    ..As the International Year of the Reef 2008 begins, scaled-up management intervention and decisive action on global emissions are required if the loss of coral-dominated ecosystems is to be avoided...
  4. ncbi A globally coherent fingerprint of climate change impacts across natural systems
    Camille Parmesan
    Integrative Biology, Patterson Laboratories 141, University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
    Nature 421:37-42. 2003
    ..This suite of analyses generates 'very high confidence' (as laid down by the IPCC) that climate change is already affecting living systems...
  5. ncbi Functional metagenomic profiling of nine biomes
    Elizabeth A Dinsdale
    Department of Biology, San Diego State University, San Diego, California 92182, USA
    Nature 452:629-32. 2008
    ....
  6. ncbi Diversity of the human intestinal microbial flora
    Paul B Eckburg
    Division of Infectious Diseases and Geographic Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Room S 169, 300 Pasteur Drive, Stanford CA 94305 5107, USA
    Science 308:1635-8. 2005
    ..We discovered significant intersubject variability and differences between stool and mucosa community composition. Characterization of this immensely diverse ecosystem is the first step in elucidating its role in health and disease.
  7. ncbi Historical overfishing and the recent collapse of coastal ecosystems
    J B Jackson
    Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 0244, USA
    Science 293:629-37. 2001
    ....
  8. ncbi Climate change, human impacts, and the resilience of coral reefs
    T P Hughes
    Centre for Coral Reef Biodiversity, James Cook University, Townsville, Qld 4811, Australia
    Science 301:929-33. 2003
    ..International integration of management strategies that support reef resilience need to be vigorously implemented, and complemented by strong policy decisions to reduce the rate of global warming...
  9. ncbi Confronting the coral reef crisis
    D R Bellwood
    Centre for Coral Reef Biodiversity, Dept of Marine Biology, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland 4811, Australia
    Nature 429:827-33. 2004
    ..These findings have profound implications for restoration of degraded reefs, management of fisheries, and the focus on marine protected areas and biodiversity hotspots as priorities for conservation...
  10. ncbi Evidence for ecological speciation and its alternative
    Dolph Schluter
    Biodiversity Research Centre and Zoology Department, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
    Science 323:737-41. 2009
    ..However, we still have not identified all aspects of selection, and identifying the underlying genes for reproductive isolation remains challenging...
  11. ncbi Fingerprints of global warming on wild animals and plants
    Terry L Root
    Center for Environmental Science and Policy, Institute for International Studies, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
    Nature 421:57-60. 2003
    ....
  12. ncbi Biodiversity and ecosystem functioning: current knowledge and future challenges
    M Loreau
    Laboratoire d Ecologie, UMR 7625, Ecole Normale Superieure, 46 rue d Ulm, F 75230 Paris cedex 05, France
    Science 294:804-8. 2001
    ..Major advances have been made in describing the relationship between species diversity and ecosystem processes, in identifying functionally important species, and in revealing underlying mechanisms...
  13. ncbi Global biodiversity scenarios for the year 2100
    O E Sala
    Department of Ecology and Instituto de Investigaciones Fisiológicas y Ecológicas vinculadas a la Agricultura, Faculty of Agronomy, University of Buenos Aires, Avenida San Martin 4453, Buenos Aires 1417, Argentina
    Science 287:1770-4. 2000
    ..Plausible changes in biodiversity in other biomes depend on interactions among the causes of biodiversity change. These interactions represent one of the largest uncertainties in projections of future biodiversity change...
  14. ncbi A global map of human impact on marine ecosystems
    Benjamin S Halpern
    National Center for Ecological Analysis and Synthesis, 735 State Street, Santa Barbara, CA 93101, USA
    Science 319:948-52. 2008
    ..We developed an ecosystem-specific, multiscale spatial model to synthesize 17 global data sets of anthropogenic drivers of ecological ..
  15. ncbi Global biodiversity: indicators of recent declines
    Stuart H M Butchart
    United Nations Environment Programme World Conservation Monitoring Centre, 219 Huntingdon Road, Cambridge CB3 0DL, UK
    Science 328:1164-8. 2010
    ....
  16. ncbi The microbial engines that drive Earth's biogeochemical cycles
    Paul G Falkowski
    Environmental Biophysics and Molecular Ecology Program, Institute of Marine and Coastal Sciences and Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA
    Science 320:1034-9. 2008
    ..A major challenge in the coming decades is to understand how these machines evolved, how they work, and the processes that control their activity on both molecular and planetary scales...
  17. ncbi Quantifying the evidence for biodiversity effects on ecosystem functioning and services
    Patricia Balvanera
    Centro de Investigaciones en Ecosistemas, UNAM, Morelia, Mexico
    Ecol Lett 9:1146-56. 2006
    Concern is growing about the consequences of biodiversity loss for ecosystem functioning, for the provision of ecosystem services, and for human well being...
  18. ncbi Introducing DOTUR, a computer program for defining operational taxonomic units and estimating species richness
    Patrick D Schloss
    Department of Plant Pathology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1630 Linden Dr, Madison, WI 53706, USA
    Appl Environ Microbiol 71:1501-6. 2005
    ..We anticipate that an equivalent extent of sampling for soil would require sampling more than 10,000 sequences, almost 100 times the size of typical sequence collections obtained from soil...
  19. ncbi Spreading dead zones and consequences for marine ecosystems
    Robert J Diaz
    Virginia Institute of Marine Science, College of William and Mary, Gloucester Point, VA 23062, USA
    Science 321:926-9. 2008
    Dead zones in the coastal oceans have spread exponentially since the 1960s and have serious consequences for ecosystem functioning...
  20. ncbi Cryptic species as a window on diversity and conservation
    David Bickford
    Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, 14 Science Drive 4, Singapore 117543, Republic of Singapore
    Trends Ecol Evol 22:148-55. 2007
    ..The discovery of cryptic species is likely to be non-random with regard to taxon and biome and, hence, could have profound implications for evolutionary theory, biogeography and conservation planning...
  21. ncbi Microbial biogeography: putting microorganisms on the map
    Jennifer B Hughes Martiny
    Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, 80 Waterman Street, Box G W, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, USA
    Nat Rev Microbiol 4:102-12. 2006
    ..However, recent studies also dispute the idea that 'everything is everywhere'. We also consider how the processes that generate and maintain biogeographic patterns in macroorganisms could operate in the microbial world...
  22. ncbi Computational improvements reveal great bacterial diversity and high metal toxicity in soil
    Jason Gans
    Bioscience Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87501, USA
    Science 309:1387-90. 2005
    ..Metal pollution reduced diversity more than 99.9%, revealing the highly toxic effect of metal contamination, especially for rare taxa...
  23. ncbi Pattern-oriented modeling of agent-based complex systems: lessons from ecology
    Volker Grimm
    UFZ Umweltforschungszentrum Leipzig Halle, Department Okologische Systemanalyse, PF 500 136, 04301 Leipzig, Germany
    Science 310:987-91. 2005
    ..This strategy provides a unifying framework for decoding the internal organization of agent-based complex systems and may lead toward unifying algorithmic theories of the relation between adaptive behavior and system complexity...
  24. ncbi Parallel declines in pollinators and insect-pollinated plants in Britain and the Netherlands
    J C Biesmeijer
    Institute of Integrative and Comparative Biology and Earth and Biosphere Institute, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
    Science 313:351-4. 2006
    ..Taken together, these findings strongly suggest a causal connection between local extinctions of functionally linked plant and pollinator species...
  25. ncbi Genetic diversity and connectivity of deep-sea hydrothermal vent metapopulations
    Robert C Vrijenhoek
    Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute, Moss Landing, CA 95039, USA
    Mol Ecol 19:4391-411. 2010
    ..Understanding the diversity and connectivity of vent metapopulations provides essential information for designing deep-sea preserves in regions that are under consideration for submarine mining of precious metals...
  26. ncbi Ecological niche partitioning between Anopheles gambiae molecular forms in Cameroon: the ecological side of speciation
    Frederic Simard
    Laboratoire de Lutte contre les Insectes Nuisibles, Institut de Recherche pour le Developpement, UR016, 911 Av Agropolis, Cedex 5, Montpellier, France
    BMC Ecol 9:17. 2009
    ....
  27. ncbi Oceanography: anthropogenic carbon and ocean pH
    Ken Caldeira
    Energy and Environment Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Avenue, Livermore, California 94550, USA
    Nature 425:365. 2003
  28. ncbi The status of the world's land and marine mammals: diversity, threat, and knowledge
    Jan Schipper
    International Union for Conservation of Nature IUCN Species Programme, IUCN, 28 Rue Mauverney, 1196 Gland, Switzerland
    Science 322:225-30. 2008
    ..Marine mammals are also disproportionately poorly known. These data are made freely available to support further scientific developments and conservation action...
  29. ncbi Global dispersal of free-living microbial eukaryote species
    Bland J Finlay
    Centre for Ecology and Hydrology Windermere, Ferry House, Ambleside, Cumbria LA22 0LP, UK
    Science 296:1061-3. 2002
    ..dispersal requires an alternative view of the scale and dynamics of biodiversity at the microbial level, wherein global species number is relatively low and local species richness is always sufficient to drive ecosystem functions.
  30. ncbi Niche partitioning among Prochlorococcus ecotypes along ocean-scale environmental gradients
    Zackary I Johnson
    Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 15 Vassar Street 48-419, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
    Science 311:1737-40. 2006
    ..Light, nutrients, and competitor abundances also appeared to play a role in shaping different distributions...
  31. ncbi Range shifts and adaptive responses to Quaternary climate change
    M B Davis
    Department of Ecology, Evolution and Behavior, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN 55108, USA
    Science 292:673-9. 2001
    ....
  32. ncbi Baselines and degradation of coral reefs in the Northern Line Islands
    Stuart A Sandin
    Center for Marine Biodiversity and Conservation, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, La Jolla, California, USA
    PLoS ONE 3:e1548. 2008
    ..Thus, protection from overfishing and pollution appears to increase the resilience of reef ecosystems to the effects of global warming...
  33. ncbi Anthropogenic ocean acidification over the twenty-first century and its impact on calcifying organisms
    James C Orr
    Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l Environnement, UMR CEA CNRS, CEA Saclay, F 91191 Gif sur Yvette, France
    Nature 437:681-6. 2005
    ..Our findings indicate that conditions detrimental to high-latitude ecosystems could develop within decades, not centuries as suggested previously...
  34. ncbi Early-warning signals for critical transitions
    Marten Scheffer
    Department of Environmental Sciences, Wageningen University, PO Box 47, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands
    Nature 461:53-9. 2009
    ....
  35. ncbi Ecological linkages between aboveground and belowground biota
    David A Wardle
    Landcare Research, Post Office Box 69, Lincoln, New Zealand
    Science 304:1629-33. 2004
    ..ecosystems consist of aboveground and belowground components that interact to influence community- and ecosystem-level processes and properties...
  36. ncbi Effects of biodiversity on the functioning of trophic groups and ecosystems
    Bradley J Cardinale
    Department of Ecology, Evolution and Marine Biology, University of California at Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106, USA
    Nature 443:989-92. 2006
    ..species diversity to examine how it affects the functioning of numerous trophic groups in multiple types of ecosystem. We show that the average effect of decreasing species richness is to decrease the abundance or biomass of the ..
  37. ncbi Microbial structuring of marine ecosystems
    Farooq Azam
    Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA
    Nat Rev Microbiol 5:782-91. 2007
    ..This approach to microbial oceanography is not only helpful, but is in fact indispensable...
  38. ncbi Consequences of changing biodiversity
    F S Chapin
    Institute of Arctic Biology, University of Alaska, Fairbanks 99775, USA
    Nature 405:234-42. 2000
    ..These changes in biodiversity alter ecosystem processes and change the resilience of ecosystems to environmental change...
  39. ncbi Environmental genome shotgun sequencing of the Sargasso Sea
    J Craig Venter
    Institute for Biological Energy Alternatives, 1901 Research Boulevard, Rockville, MD 20850, USA
    Science 304:66-74. 2004
    ..2 million previously unknown genes represented in these samples, including more than 782 new rhodopsin-like photoreceptors. Variation in species present and stoichiometry suggests substantial oceanic microbial diversity...
  40. ncbi The impacts of climate change in coastal marine systems
    Christopher D G Harley
    Bodega Marine Laboratory, University of California Davis, Bodega Bay, CA 94923, USA
    Ecol Lett 9:228-41. 2006
    ....
  41. ncbi Environmental context explains Lévy and Brownian movement patterns of marine predators
    Nicolas E Humphries
    Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, The Laboratory, Citadel Hill, Plymouth PL1 2PB, UK
    Nature 465:1066-9. 2010
    ..These results are consistent with the Lévy-flight foraging hypothesis, supporting the contention that organism search strategies naturally evolved in such a way that they exploit optimal Lévy patterns...
  42. ncbi The unseen majority: soil microbes as drivers of plant diversity and productivity in terrestrial ecosystems
    Marcel G A van der Heijden
    Department of Animal Ecology, Faculty of Earth and Life Sciences, Institute of Ecological Science, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1085, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
    Ecol Lett 11:296-310. 2008
    ..Despite their abundance, the impact of soil microbes on ecosystem processes is still poorly understood...
  43. ncbi A serpentinite-hosted ecosystem: the Lost City hydrothermal field
    Deborah S Kelley
    School of Oceanography, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
    Science 307:1428-34. 2005
    The serpentinite-hosted Lost City hydrothermal field is a remarkable submarine ecosystem in which geological, chemical, and biological processes are intimately interlinked...
  44. ncbi Phase shifts, herbivory, and the resilience of coral reefs to climate change
    Terence P Hughes
    Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies, James Cook University, Townsville QLD 4811, Australia
    Curr Biol 17:360-5. 2007
    ....
  45. ncbi Global patterns and predictions of seafloor biomass using random forests
    Chih Lin Wei
    Department of Oceanography, Texas A and M University, College Station, Texas, United States of America
    PLoS ONE 5:e15323. 2010
    ..This biomass census and associated maps are vital components of mechanistic deep-sea food web models and global carbon cycling, and as such provide fundamental information that can be incorporated into evidence-based management...
  46. ncbi Marine viruses--major players in the global ecosystem
    Curtis A Suttle
    University of British Columbia, Departments of Earth and Ocean Sciences, Botany, and Microbiology and Immunology, 1461 BioSciences, 6270 University Boulevard, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada
    Nat Rev Microbiol 5:801-12. 2007
    ..Probing this vast reservoir of genetic and biological diversity continues to yield exciting discoveries...
  47. ncbi Global patterns in biodiversity
    K J Gaston
    Department of Animal and Plant Sciences, University of Sheffield, UK
    Nature 405:220-7. 2000
    ..Theory is, however, developing rapidly, improving in its internal consistency, and more readily subjected to empirical challenge...
  48. ncbi Long-term region-wide declines in Caribbean corals
    Toby A Gardner
    School of Biological Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich NR4 7TJ, UK
    Science 301:958-60. 2003
    ..The ability of Caribbean coral reefs to cope with future local and global environmental change may be irretrievably compromised...
  49. ncbi The nested assembly of plant-animal mutualistic networks
    Jordi Bascompte
    Integrative Ecology Group, Estacion Biologica de Donana, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas, Apartado 1056, E 41080 Sevilla, Spain
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 100:9383-7. 2003
    ..Our results indicate a nonrandom pattern of community organization that may be relevant for our understanding of the organization and persistence of biodiversity...
  50. ncbi Multiple functions increase the importance of biodiversity for overall ecosystem functioning
    Lars Gamfeldt
    Department of Marine Ecology, Goteborg University, Tjärnö Marine Biological Laboratory, SE 452 96 Strömstad, Sweden
    Ecology 89:1223-31. 2008
    Biodiversity is proposed to be important for the rate of ecosystem functions...
  51. ncbi Autotrophic carbon fixation in archaea
    Ivan A Berg
    Mikrobiologie, Fakultat Biologie, Universitat Freiburg, Schanzlestrasse 1, D 79104 Freiburg, Germany
    Nat Rev Microbiol 8:447-60. 2010
    ..These reactions differ fundamentally from those of the well-known Calvin cycle, and their distribution mirrors the phylogenetic positions of the archaeal lineages and the needs of the ecological niches that they occupy...
  52. ncbi Impacts of climate warming on terrestrial ectotherms across latitude
    Curtis A Deutsch
    Program on Climate Change and Department of Oceanography and Department of Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 105:6668-72. 2008
    ..Our analyses imply that, in the absence of ameliorating factors such as migration and adaptation, the greatest extinction risks from global warming may be in the tropics, where biological diversity is also greatest...
  53. ncbi Phenotypic plasticity in the interactions and evolution of species
    A A Agrawal
    Department of Botany, University of Toronto, 25 Willcocks Street, Toronto, ON M5S 3B2, Canada
    Science 294:321-6. 2001
    ..Taken together, phenotypic responses in species interactions represent modifications that can lead to reciprocal change in ecological time, altered community patterns, and expanded evolutionary potential of species...
  54. ncbi Climate extremes: observations, modeling, and impacts
    D R Easterling
    National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration NOAA National Climatic Data Center, 151 Patton Avenue, Asheville, NC 28801, USA
    Science 289:2068-74. 2000
    ..Several apparently gradual biological changes are linked to responses to extreme weather and climate events...
  55. ncbi Scenarios for global biodiversity in the 21st century
    Henrique M Pereira
    Centro de Biologia Ambiental, Faculdade de Ciencias da Universidade de Lisboa, 1749 016 Lisboa, Portugal
    Science 330:1496-501. 2010
    ..of age as a tool for evaluating the impact of future socioeconomic development pathways on biodiversity and ecosystem services...
  56. ncbi The merging of community ecology and phylogenetic biology
    Jeannine Cavender-Bares
    Department of Ecology, Evolution and Behavior, University of Minnesota, St Paul, MN 55108, USA
    Ecol Lett 12:693-715. 2009
    ..Finally, phylogenetic community structure and composition holds promise for predicting ecosystem processes and impacts of global change. Major challenges to advancing these areas remain...
  57. ncbi Ecosystem-specific selection pressures revealed through comparative population genomics
    Maureen L Coleman
    Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 107:18634-9. 2010
    ..These findings implicate phosphorus availability as the dominant selective force driving divergence between these populations, and demonstrate the promise of this approach for revealing selective agents in more complex microbial systems...
  58. ncbi Influence of phylogeny on fungal community assembly and ecosystem functioning
    Hafiz Maherali
    Department of Integrative Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada N1G 2W1
    Science 316:1746-8. 2007
    ..functional similarity among closely related species (phylogenetic conservatism) can drive community assembly and ecosystem functioning...
  59. ncbi Positive interactions among alpine plants increase with stress
    Ragan M Callaway
    Division of Biological Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, Montana 59812, USA
    Nature 417:844-8. 2002
    ..Furthermore, across all high and low sites positive interactions are more important at sites with low temperatures in the early summer, but competition prevails at warmer sites...
  60. ncbi Phylogeographic insights into cryptic glacial refugia
    Jim Provan
    School of Biological Sciences, Queen s University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK
    Trends Ecol Evol 23:564-71. 2008
    ..Understanding such refugia might be important as the Earth heads into another period of climate change, in terms of predicting the effects on species distribution and survival...
  61. ncbi Mechanisms of long-distance seed dispersal
    Ran Nathan
    The Movement Ecology Laboratory, Department of Evolution, Systematics and Ecology, Alexander Silberman Institute for Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Edmond J Safra Campus at Givat Ram, Jerusalem 91904, Israel
    Trends Ecol Evol 23:638-47. 2008
    ..To advance our understanding of LDD, we advocate a vector-based research approach that identifies the significant LDD vectors and quantifies how environmental conditions modify their actions...
  62. ncbi Rapid worldwide depletion of predatory fish communities
    Ransom A Myers
    Biology Department, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada B3H 4J1
    Nature 423:280-3. 2003
    ..Our analysis suggests that management based on recent data alone may be misleading, and provides minimum estimates for unexploited communities, which could serve as the 'missing baseline' needed for future restoration efforts...
  63. ncbi Are there general mechanisms of animal home range behaviour? A review and prospects for future research
    Luca Börger
    Department of Integrative Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada
    Ecol Lett 11:637-50. 2008
    ..Recent methodological and theoretical advances may soon lead to a unified approach, however, conceptually unifying our understanding of linkages among home range behaviour and ecological or evolutionary processes...
  64. ncbi Emerging horizons in biodiversity and ecosystem functioning research
    Julia Reiss
    School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
    Trends Ecol Evol 24:505-14. 2009
    Two decades of intensive research have provided compelling evidence for a link between biodiversity and ecosystem functioning (B-EF)...
  65. ncbi Host-bacterial mutualism in the human intestine
    Fredrik Backhed
    Center for Genome Sciences, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO 63108, USA
    Science 307:1915-20. 2005
    ..We are also starting to understand how certain keystone members of the microbiota operate to maintain the stability and functional adaptability of this microbial organ...
  66. ncbi Association between land cover and habitat productivity of malaria vectors in western Kenyan highlands
    Stephen Munga
    Kenya Medical Research Institute, Kisumu, Kenya
    Am J Trop Med Hyg 74:69-75. 2006
    ..gambiae larvae, and consequently increase the risks of malaria transmission to the human population...
  67. ncbi Global patterns and predictors of marine biodiversity across taxa
    Derek P Tittensor
    Department of Biology, Dalhousie University, 1355 Oxford Street, Halifax B3H 4J1, Canada
    Nature 466:1098-101. 2010
    ....
  68. ncbi Genomics and evolution of heritable bacterial symbionts
    Nancy A Moran
    Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, USA
    Annu Rev Genet 42:165-90. 2008
    ..In addition, insect symbionts provide some of the extremes of cellular genomes, including the smallest and the fastest evolving, raising new questions about the limits of evolution of life...
  69. ncbi Regional decline of coral cover in the Indo-Pacific: timing, extent, and subregional comparisons
    John F Bruno
    Department of Marine Sciences, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
    PLoS ONE 2:e711. 2007
    ..However, little is known about the timing, rate or spatial variability of the loss of reef-building corals, especially in the Indo-Pacific, which contains 75% of the world's coral reefs...
  70. ncbi Eco-bio-social determinants of dengue vector breeding: a multicountry study in urban and periurban Asia
    Natarajan Arunachalam
    Centre for Research in Medical Entomology, Indian Council of Medical Research, Madurai, TN, India
    Bull World Health Organ 88:173-84. 2010
    ....
  71. ncbi Prokaryotic genomes and diversity in surface ocean waters: interrogating the global ocean sampling metagenome
    Erin J Biers
    Department of Marine Sciences, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, USA
    Appl Environ Microbiol 75:2221-9. 2009
    ..8 copies of the 16S rRNA gene, suggesting that these bacteria have relatively streamlined genomes in comparison to those of cultured bacteria and bacteria from other habitats (e.g., soil or acid mine drainage)...
  72. ncbi Accelerating loss of seagrasses across the globe threatens coastal ecosystems
    Michelle Waycott
    School of Marine and Tropical Biology, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland 4811, Australia
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 106:12377-81. 2009
    ..Seagrass meadows provide important ecosystem services, including an estimated $1...
  73. ncbi Plant diversity enhances ecosystem responses to elevated CO2 and nitrogen deposition
    P B Reich
    Department of Forest Resources, University of Minnesota, St Paul, Minnesota 55108, USA
    Nature 410:809-12. 2001
    ..CO2 concentrations and increases in nitrogen deposition; however, the interactive effects of these factors on ecosystem processes are unknown...
  74. ncbi Identifying the most productive breeding sites for malaria mosquitoes in The Gambia
    Ulrike Fillinger
    Disease Control and Vector Biology Unit, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
    Malar J 8:62. 2009
    ..This study aimed to determine the characteristics of larval habitats most frequently and most densely populated by anopheline larvae and to estimate the numbers of adults produced in different habitats...
  75. ncbi Long-term effects of plant diversity and composition on soil nematode communities in model grasslands
    Maria Viketoft
    Department of Ecology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences SLU, Box 7044, SE 750 07 Uppsala, Sweden
    Ecology 90:90-9. 2009
    ..Although we found clear effects of plants on soil nematodes, these were probably not large enough to result in strong and persistent plant-soil-organism-plant feedback loops...
  76. ncbi Ongoing collapse of coral-reef shark populations
    William D Robbins
    School of Marine and Tropical Biology, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland 4811, Australia
    Curr Biol 16:2314-9. 2006
    ..Further steps are urgently required for protecting this critical functional group from ecological extinction...
  77. ncbi Loss of plant species after chronic low-level nitrogen deposition to prairie grasslands
    Christopher M Clark
    Department of Ecology, Evolution and Behavior, 100 Ecology, 1987 Upper Buford Circle, University of Minnesota, St Paul, Minnesota 55108, USA
    Nature 451:712-5. 2008
    ..A second experiment showed that a decade after cessation of nitrogen addition, relative plant species number, although not species abundances, had recovered, demonstrating that some effects of nitrogen addition are reversible...
  78. ncbi Volcanic carbon dioxide vents show ecosystem effects of ocean acidification
    Jason M Hall-Spencer
    Marine Institute, Marine Biology and Ecology Research Centre, University of Plymouth, Plymouth PL4 8AA, UK
    Nature 454:96-9. 2008
    ..as almost all studies have been in vitro, short-term, rapid perturbation experiments on isolated elements of the ecosystem. Here we show the effects of acidification on benthic ecosystems at shallow coastal sites where volcanic CO(2) ..
  79. ncbi Global trajectories of the long-term decline of coral reef ecosystems
    John M Pandolfi
    Department of Paleobiology, MRC 121, National Museum of Natural History, Post Office Box 37012, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC 20013 7012, USA
    Science 301:955-8. 2003
    ..All reefs were substantially degraded long before outbreaks of coral disease and bleaching. Regardless of these new threats, reefs will not survive without immediate protection from human exploitation over large spatial scales...
  80. ncbi Food-web structure and network theory: The role of connectance and size
    Jennifer A Dunne
    Romberg Tiburon Center, San Francisco State University, 3152 Paradise Drive, Tiburon, CA 94920, USA
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 99:12917-22. 2002
    ..Although food webs are generally not small-world, scale-free networks, food-web topology is consistent with patterns found within those classes of networks...
  81. ncbi Impact of nitrogen deposition on the species richness of grasslands
    Carly J Stevens
    Department of Earth Sciences, The Open University, Milton Keynes MK7 6AA, UK
    Science 303:1876-9. 2004
    ..At the mean chronic nitrogen deposition rate of central Europe (17 kg Nha-1 year-1), there is a 23% species reduction compared with grasslands receiving the lowest levels of nitrogen deposition...
  82. ncbi Climate-driven trends in contemporary ocean productivity
    Michael J Behrenfeld
    Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331, USA
    Nature 444:752-5. 2006
    ..The observed reductions in ocean productivity during the recent post-1999 warming period provide insight on how future climate change can alter marine food webs...
  83. ncbi Ecology: Birds sing at a higher pitch in urban noise
    Hans Slabbekoorn
    Behavioural Biology, Institute of Biology Leiden, Leiden University, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
    Nature 424:267. 2003
  84. ncbi Global patterns of diversity and community structure in marine bacterioplankton
    T Pommier
    Department of Natural Science, Kalmar University, SE 39182, Kalmar, Sweden
    Mol Ecol 16:867-80. 2007
    ..The general processes behind those patterns are likely to be comparable across taxa and major global biomes...
  85. ncbi Causes and consequences of animal dispersal strategies: relating individual behaviour to spatial dynamics
    Diana E Bowler
    UUniversity of Aberdeen, School of Biological Sciences, Tillydrone Avenue, Aberdeen
    Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc 80:205-25. 2005
    ..Further studies are necessary to explore the importance of incorporating specific condition-dependent dispersal strategies for evolutionary and population dynamic predictions...
  86. ncbi The modularity of pollination networks
    Jens M Olesen
    Department of Biological Sciences, University of Aarhus, Ny Munkegade Block 1540, DK 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 104:19891-6. 2007
    ..If these key species go extinct, modules and networks may break apart and initiate cascades of extinction. Thus, species serving as hubs and connectors should receive high conservation priorities...
  87. ncbi Recent surveys in the forests of Ulu Segama Malua, Sabah, Malaysia, show that orang-utans (P. p. morio) can be maintained in slightly logged forests
    Marc Ancrenaz
    Hutan, Sabah, Malaysia
    PLoS ONE 5:e11510. 2010
    ....
  88. ncbi Ensemble forecasting of species distributions
    Miguel B Araujo
    Department of Biodiversity and Evolutionary Biology, National Museum of Natural Sciences, CSIC, C Gutiérrez Abascal, 2, 28006, Madrid, Spain
    Trends Ecol Evol 22:42-7. 2007
    ....
  89. ncbi Aquatic plant community invasibility and scale-dependent patterns in native and invasive species richness
    Robert S Capers
    Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station, P O Box 1106, 123 Huntington St, New Haven, Connecticut 06504, USA
    Ecology 88:3135-43. 2007
    ..Most hydrophyte communities, however, appear to be maintained in a nonequilibrial condition by stress and/or disturbance. Therefore, most aquatic plant communities in temperate lakes are likely to be vulnerable to invasion...
  90. ncbi Ecosystem health assessment of the Jinghe River Watershed on the Huangtu Plateau
    An Ning Suo
    MOE Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Engineering, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, PR China
    Ecohealth 5:127-36. 2008
    An improved Costanza model was developed to assess the health of the Jinhe River Watershed ecosystem. The watershed is located at the center of the Huangtu Plateau in China and has suffered a severe disturbance in the last few decades...
  91. ncbi Neutrality and the response of rare species to environmental variance
    Lisandro Benedetti-Cecchi
    Dipartimento di Biologia, Universita di Pisa, Pisa, Italy
    PLoS ONE 3:e2777. 2008
    ..This effect translated into a marked decrease in the characteristic time scale of species turnover, highlighting the role of rare species in driving assemblage dynamics in fluctuating environments...
  92. ncbi Farmland biodiversity and the footprint of agriculture
    S J Butler
    Centre for Agri Environment Research, School of Agriculture, Policy, and Development, University of Reading, Reading RG6 6AR, UK
    Science 315:381-4. 2007
    ..Assessing the impact of novel farming practices on biodiversity and ecosystem services is fundamental to this process...
  93. ncbi Ecology. Managing farming's footprint on biodiversity
    Tim G Benton
    Institute of Integrative and Comparative Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
    Science 315:341-2. 2007
  94. ncbi Application of two way indicator species analysis in lowland plant types classification
    Yahya Kooch
    Department of Forestry, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Mazandaran, P O Box 737, Badeleh, Sari, Iran
    Pak J Biol Sci 11:752-7. 2008
    ..The final result, incorporating elements of classification can provide a compact and powerful summary of pattern in the data set...
  95. ncbi Quantifying relative extinction risks and targeting intervention for the orchid flora of a natural park in the European preAlps
    Simon Pierce
    Dipartimento di Biologia Strutturale e Funzionale, Universita degli Studi dell Insubria, via J H Dunant 3, I 21100 Varese, Italy
    Conserv Biol 20:1804-10. 2006
    ....
  96. ncbi Deforestation and plant diversity of Madagascar's littoral forests
    Trisha Consiglio
    Missouri Botanical Garden, P O Box 299, St Louis, MO 63166 0299, USA
    Conserv Biol 20:1799-803. 2006
    ..5% of remaining littoral forest, are among priority sites recommended to the government of Madagascar for plant conservation and incorporation into the protected-areas network...
  97. ncbi Influence of forest fragmentation on community structure of frogs and lizards in northeastern Costa Rica
    Kristen E Bell
    Department of Biological Sciences, Florida International University, 11200 SW 8 Street, Miami, FL 33199, USA
    Conserv Biol 20:1750-60. 2006
    ..Nevertheless, the relatively high diversity observed in the entire set of fragments indicates that preserving a network of small forest patches may be of considerable conservation value to the amphibians and reptiles of this region...
  98. ncbi Patch mosaic burning for biodiversity conservation: a critique of the pyrodiversity paradigm
    Catherine L Parr
    Bushfire Cooperative Research Centre, CSIRO Tropical Ecosystems Research Centre, PMB 44, Winnellie, 0822, NT, Australia
    Conserv Biol 20:1610-9. 2006
    ....
  99. ncbi The effect of type of marginal land use on the plant diversity
    A Ariapour
    Range Science, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran, Iran
    Pak J Biol Sci 11:813-6. 2008
    ..The results also illustrate that the treatment of exclusion area has the most plant diversity in comparison with treatments of fallow, annual medic cultivation, wheat cultivation and range grazed...
  100. ncbi Prediction of extinction in plants: interaction of extrinsic threats and life history traits
    Hélène Fréville
    Ecology and Evolution Research Group, Department of Biological Sciences, Open University, Walton Hall, Milton Keynes, MK7 6AA, United Kingdom
    Ecology 88:2662-72. 2007
    ..In contrast, understanding the interactions between extrinsic threats and life history traits will allow us to make more accurate predictions of extinctions...
  101. ncbi [Spatial heterogeneity of soil organic carbon and nitrogen under Ammopiptanhus mongolicus community in arid desert zone]
    Xiaohong Jia
    Shapotou Desert Research and Experiment Station, Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
    Ying Yong Sheng Tai Xue Bao 17:2266-70. 2006
    ..mongolicus shrub live at this habitat. These distribution pattern and dimension of SOC and TN can interprete the long-term living mechanism of A. mongolicus, and supply some theoretical bases for protecting and moving this relic species...

Research Grants75

  1. In vivo molecular analysis of probiotic impact on a defined microbiota and host
    Justin Sonnenburg; Fiscal Year: 2007
    ..human microbiota composed of sequenced representatives of the two dominant bacterial divisions in our intestinal ecosystem, Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron (Bacteroidetes division) and Eubacterium rectale (Firmicutes division), and (ii) ..
  2. Ecosystem disturbance and multiscale transmission of a zoonotic wildlife pathogen
    Philip Craig; Fiscal Year: 2007
    A key element in disease emergence/re-emergence is ecosystem disruption as a result of anthropogenic effects which may be rapid as in tropical deforestation or more subtle as in agricultural expansion and overgrazing in temperate biomes...
  3. Role of Bacterial Vaginosis in Preterm Delivery
    ROBIN ROSS; Fiscal Year: 2003
    Bacterial vaginosis (BV) results from a disruption of the vaginal ecosystem characterized by a complex shift in the microflora...
  4. MOFE PROTEIN PROSTHETIC GROUPS IN NITROGENASE CATALYSIS
    WILLIAM NEWTON; Fiscal Year: 2003
    ..Because organic nitrogen is incompletely recycled in the global ecosystem due to the processes of nitrification and denitrification, biological N2 fixation occupies a pivotal position in ..
  5. Stent Lock Mechanism for Transcutaneous Catheters
    NICHOLAS VITALE; Fiscal Year: 2005
    ..Advances in peritoneal dialysis catheters attempt to close the open ecosystem with the implantation of a porous alloplastic component of the catheter into the body wall...
  6. ROLE OF FEMO-COFACTOR IN NITROGENASE CATALYSIS
    WILLIAM NEWTON; Fiscal Year: 1993
    ..Because organic nitrogen is incompletely recycled in the global ecosystem and available ammonia and nitrate are continually metabolized to N2 through nitrification and denitrification, ..
  7. BAIT VACCINE AGAINST LYME BORRELIOSIS
    Maria Gomes Solecki; Fiscal Year: 2007
    ..The fieldwork component of this project will be performed at the Institute for Ecosystem Studies (IES) in Millbrook, NY...
  8. CONTROL OF PERIODONTAL INFECTIONS
    Sigmund Socransky; Fiscal Year: 2003
    ..included uncertainty in defining specific etiologic gents, lack of order in our understanding of the complex ecosystem that colonizes the periodontal structures, difficulty in enumerating a wide range of taxa in the very large ..
  9. Arbovirus quasispecies-impact of arthropod transmission
    GREGORY EBEL; Fiscal Year: 2004
    ..the population-level mechanisms of genetic change that may occur when a new arbovirus is introduced into a halve ecosystem. To determine whether the quasispecies structure of arboviruses may promote viral adaptation and disease ..
  10. The Acquisition of Bacterial Vaginosis in Lesbians
    Jeanne Marrazzo; Fiscal Year: 2006
    Bacterial vaginosis (BV) results from a shift in the microbial ecosystem of the vagina from Lactobacillus predominance to overgrowth by anaerobic and facultative species, and has been associated with postpartum/postabortal endometritis, ..
  11. Structural, genetic, and functional analyses of the glycoproteins of Bacteroides
    LAURIE COMSTOCK; Fiscal Year: 2009
    The mammalian gut is a complex and diverse ecosystem colonized with hundreds of different bacterial species...
  12. Structural, genetic, and functional analyses of the glycoproteins of Bacteroides
    LAURIE COMSTOCK; Fiscal Year: 2007
    The mammalian gut is a complex and diverse ecosystem colonized with hundreds of different bacterial species...
  13. Dynamic Ecological Simulation Model of Tsetse Transmitted Trypanosomosis in Kenya
    JOSEPH MESSINA; Fiscal Year: 2007
    ..This study will enhance the scientific understanding of climate change and human impacts on ecological systems, and how these changes influence disease ecology. ..
  14. GNOTOBIOTIC TRANSGENIC MODELS OF THE GASTRIC ECOSYSTEM
    Jeffrey Gordon; Fiscal Year: 2007
    ..These analyses should provide the first genome-wide view of Hp evolution in ChAG and Ca, and yield new bacterial and host biomarkers associated with these states. ..
  15. Randomized Trial of IFCBT-HIVPI to Prevent HIV Among Non-Injection Drug Users
    William Latimer; Fiscal Year: 2009
    ....