pulmonary wedge pressure

..The feasibility of monitoring measured intravascular volumes and the cardiac filling pressures were compared to reflect the optimal volume status of postoperative patients...

..The assessment of ITBV by the transpulmonary single indicator dilution technique is an interesting alternative to the pressure preload parameters...

..The present findings suggest that magnetic resonance imaging and pulmonary artery distensibility may be useful noninvasive tools for the evaluation of patients with pulmonary hypertension...

..The objective of this study was to determine the reliability of mitral E/Ea for predicting PCWP in patients admitted for advanced decompensated heart failure...

..Mitral early diastolic velocity (E)/SR ratio during the isovolumetric relaxation (IVR) period can be used to estimate LV filling pressures...

..By analyzing a large number of volume challenges, our aim was to test the significance of the recommended target values in terms of prediction of volume responsiveness...

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..Few ICU patients and only those with a small EDA responded to volume administration. It was not possible to identify an overall optimal LV EDA below which most patients demonstrate volume-recruitable increases in SV...

..Atlanta, Georgia) pulmonary artery pressure (PAP) monitoring compared with Swan-Ganz (SG) (Hospira, Inc., Lake Forest, Illinois) catheterization and echocardiography (ECHO) in ambulatory HF patients...

..This study was undertaken to see if computed radiography (CR) could be used to estimate pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (PCWP)...

..Neither central venous pressure nor pulmonary artery occlusion pressure appears to be a useful predictor of ventricular preload with respect to optimizing cardiac performance...

..2 to +9.8 mm Hg): wedge pressure-assessed transmitral gradient is therefore misleading, routinely overestimating stenosis severity...

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..The article reviews the classification of diseases associated with PAH, the current understanding of its pathogenesis, and the contemporary approach to therapy...

..The collateral-flow-increasing effect of CPT is comparable to the recruitment effect of the occlusion itself. This may reflect a coronary collateral vasodilation mediated by the sympathetic nervous system...

..These findings imply that hypocapnia in patients with chronic stable congestive heart failure is a respiratory manifestation of elevated left ventricular filling pressures...

..CONCLUSION: Transmitral and pulmonary venous flow patterns measured by transthoracic Doppler echocardiography can be used to estimate the left ventricular filling pressure in critically ill patients...

..93, P<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: The ratio of IVRT to T(E-Ea) or to tau can be readily applied for estimating mean PCWP in patients with MVD and can track changes in PCWP after valve surgery...

..The validity of these parameters was tested by means of correlation with left ventricular end-diastolic volume (LVEDV), the true cardiac preload...

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..This study assessed whether the E/E' ratio provides an accurate estimation of pulmonary artery occlusion pressure (PAOP) in mechanically ventilated ICU patients...

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..The goal of this study was to assess whether echocardiography accurately estimates PCWP in critically ill patients...

..CONCLUSIONS: This is the first controlled trial indicating that the "pulsed" inhalation of nitric oxide together with oxygen may be safely and effectively used for the long term treatment of severe COPD...

..To determine whether the systolic fraction (SF) of the pulmonary venous flow (PVF), measured by transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) could be used to estimate the pulmonary artery occlusion pressure (PAOP)...

..The pulmonary edema, measured as EVLW index, resolves rapidly when cardiac performance improves, despite positive fluid balances and weight gain in the first 24 hours...

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..Among vasoconstrictors, endothelin is claimed to be an important factor. Our aim is to assess the effect of the anti-endothelin drug Bosentan on pulmonary hemodynamics and lung function in patients affected by COPD and PH...

..Accordingly, we prospectively assessed the ability of transoesophageal echocardiography (TEE) Doppler to predict an invasive pulmonary artery occlusion pressure (PAOP) < or = 18 mmHg in ventilated patients...

..Measurement of right atria, right ventricular, global end diastolic and intrathoracic blood volume index by arterial thermal dye dilution utilizing the COLD-system may represent an alternative...

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..Thus, ACOM and PV flow analysis by color Doppler echocardiography is useful in the noninvasive assessment of hemodynamic subsets in patients with AMI...

..In this article, we review the evidence on the use of the PAC in patients with ALI/ARDS, paying particular attention to the recently published fluid and catheter treatment trial by the ARDS Clinical Trials Network...

..The high variability in Pcap-PAOP increases the risk for underestimation of filtration pressures and consequently the risk for lung edema. Pcap can be estimated at the bedside by either the visual or mathematical methods...

..The occlusion technique may help to locate the predominant site of increased resistance in patients with severe pulmonary hypertension, but does not allow for a satisfactory differential diagnosis on an individual basis...

..These results suggest that Ppao decay profile analysis as currently performed has limited application...

..As the middle fractional pressure gradient is low, we conclude that pulmonary capillary pressure estimates from arterial occlusion are close to the venous occlusion estimates of capillary pressure in the intact dog lung...

..This case may suggest the use of Levosimendan as a long-term inotropic agent and pulmonary vasodilator in children with depressed cardiac function...

..By using the dobutamine test we were able to reduce considerably the mortality due to pulmonary arterial hypertension and also to exclude orthotopic transplantation in some patients...

..PHT was not due to pulmonary emboli. Our findings suggested that severe PHT was due to increased PVRI from thrombotic pulmonary arteriopathy, likely from chronic low-grade hypercoagulability and platelet activation after splenectomy...

..044, Breslow-Gehan log-rank test). Our findings suggest that PHTN in patients with SCD shortened their survival...

..There was no significant correlation between PVFAr and MVA. LA size and LAP. In conclusion, in patients with pure MS and sinus rhythm, PVF, especially PVFAr, is influenced by the presence of pulmonary hypertension...

..The CO, PADP, and pulmonary wedge pressure were recorded from the PA catheter immediately after the ultrasound studies...

..The positive correlation between CFR and pulmonary resistance demands further evaluation...

..CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Medetomidine-hydromorphone or medetomidine-butorphanol is associated with improved analgesia and sedation but has cardiopulmonary effects comparable to those for medetomidine alone...

..A detailed case report is presented followed by the evaluation of a series of 11 cases occurring in eight patients from December 2002 through April 2004...

..We sought to verify the accuracy of this method in a large population of patients with heart failure...

..1-2.6) (p = 0.002). No adverse side effects were noted. We found this NO delivery system to be a simple and effective method of pulmonary vasodilatory testing that may have wide applicability in the cardiac catheterization laboratory...

..The patient underwent placement of biventricular assist devices and subsequently experienced marked reduction of PVR, ultimately enabling successful heart transplantation...

..The optimal value of this ratio is depressed in minimally symptomatic pulmonary arterial hypertension patients, indicating pending right heart failure...

..Few data have been available regarding the immediate response in ventricular mechanics to acute volume reduction caused by aortic valve replacement for aortic regurgitation...

..Early diagnosis and therapy of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in smokers may be possible without using invasive methods...

..The aim of this study was to explore whether myogenic cell transplantation could contribute to right ventricular function during pulmonary artery constriction in an ovine model...

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..89, P < 0.001) and between compliance and mean pulmonary arterial pressure (r = 0.72, P < 0.001). We have demonstrated the feasibility of quantifying total arterial compliance using an MR method...

..Future studies must examine the potential benefits of TOHT during combined cellular and humoral rejection events...

..This reduced clearance does not significantly modulate plasma ET-1 levels. Whether this is only a marker of secondary pulmonary hypertension or could modulate pulmonary vascular tone will require further studies...

..It was concluded that the hypertonic saline solution in this experimental model did not promote hemodynamic improvement and there were no differences between the two sites of fluid resuscitation regarding intra-abdominal blood loss...

..This study demonstrates that posttransplant patients retain the capacity to respond to exogenous BNP immediately after surgery...

..A transient increase in pulmonary arterial (PA) pressure can persistently depress right ventricular (RV) contractility. We investigated the effects norepinephrine and dobutamine on RV-PA coupling in this model of RV failure...

..We hypothesized that postobstructive pulmonary vasculopathy may regress after reperfusion in a piglet model of chronic (5 weeks) left pulmonary artery obstruction...

..Future studies are warranted to confirm the encouraging long-term beneficial results observed in the present limited number of patients...

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..The lack of acute beneficial effects of nesiritide in patients with advanced precapillary PH may be related to their relatively fixed remodeling of the pulmonary vasculature...

..The calculation by the two methods using tricuspid and pulmonary regurgitant jets increases the reliability of the results and provides a means of internal validation of the Doppler technique...

..To investigate the variation of functions of the heart and lung during orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT)...

..This study evaluated the possibility that PHT in these patients is triggered or aggravated by chronic HD via surgical A-V access, and the role of endothelin-1 (ET-1) and nitric oxide (NO) in this syndrome...

..020). CONCLUSION: In PH patients, nesiritide infusion significantly increases NOx levels, suggesting a novel mechanism for its vasodilatory effects. These responses may differ between pre- and postcapillary PH patients...

..From these results we conclude that EIT is a reliable method to measure blood volume changes due to pharmacologically induced vasodilatation in the pulmonary bed...

..Judicious use of continuous prostacyclin in apparently inoperable patients with congenital heart disease may be associated with significant reversal of pulmonary hypertension, and conversion to an operable state...

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..The use of a patch technique improved the compliance of the arterial anastomosis and decreased early mortality. This transplant model is currently used in our laboratory to assess new methods for pulmonary preservation...

..The aim of the present study was to investigate whether Doppler echocardiography can be used to determine PVR in patients with PAH...

..The goal was to determine the clinical utility of Doppler echocardiography in predicting the presence and severity of pulmonary hypertension in patients with chronic lung disease who subsequently underwent cardiac catheterization...

..Acute studies in cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) showed that hemodynamic effects may depend on the coronary sinus (CS) lead position. However, there are no data on the longterm effect of CS lead position...

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..In the present study, we tested the hypothesis that thoracic epidural anesthesia decreases right ventricular contractility and limits its capacity to tolerate pulmonary hypertension...

..This study aimed to assess the effects of chronic sildenafil administration on the PVR, transpulmonary gradient (TPG), and cardiac output (CO) in patients with heart failure awaiting heart transplantation...

..The authors review the pathophysiology, clinical presentation, and suggested treatment of this underrecognized clinical entity...

..Selection for growth at low altitude will produce cattle less suited to high altitude...

..A pilot study was under-taken to test the hypothesis that inhaled aerosolized milrinone may cause selective pulmonary vasodilation...

..The hypercirculation did not cause an increase of the pulmonary arterial and pulmonary wedge pressure. Particularly in the case of already existing myocardial damage and coronary arteriosclerosis the ..

..To evaluate the respiratory and the pulmonary circulatory effects of norepinephrine in newborn infants with persistent pulmonary hypertension (PPHN)-induced cardiac dysfunction...

..49, p=0.04). This finding suggests that the pathogenesis of PAWP-related medial thickening of the bilateral lung pulmonary artery begins with the sensing by the bilateral lung of PV pressure buildup in the unilateral lung...

..We investigated the acute effects of inhaled nitroglycerin on pulmonary and systemic haemodynamics in children with PAH associated with congenital heart disease...

..This reduction in left ventricular function was noted in patients with both normal and reduced right ventricular systolic functions by two-dimensional echocardiography...

..We hypothesized that oral sildenafil, a phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitor, is a safe and effective alternative to iNO...

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..We undertook this study to determine whether Doppler tissue imaging of the tricuspid annulus could be used to assess PAP and PVR noninvasively...

..Although the mechanism(s) contributing to PB remain unclear, we examined whether changes in pulmonary wedge pressure (PWP) and pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) alter PB in patients with established HF.

..e. RV end-diastolic pressure/RV systolic pressure ratio (p less than 0.001) and right atrial pressure/pulmonary wedge pressure ratio (p less than 0...

..The aim of the present study was to compare the hemodynamic and metabolic effects of extraperitoneal carbon dioxide (CO(2)) and nitrous oxide (N(2)O) insufflation...

..We compared the hemodynamic effects of dobutamine and enoximone administration before and after long-term beta-blocker therapy with metoprolol or carvedilol in patients with chronic heart failure (HF)...

..1 L/min/m(2) vs. 1.6 L/min/m(2), p=0.04). Central venous - and pulmonary wedge pressure did not differ significantly...

..failure led to a rise in cardiac output and in ejection fraction and to a reduction of the heart rate and pulmonary wedge pressure. An improvement of left-ventricular function was also obtained on administration of carvedilol in ..

..A concomitant increase of pulmonary wedge pressure >15 mmHg may be present (post-capillary pulmonary hypertension) or not (precapillary pulmonary ..

..This will foster interdisciplinary investigation, support NIH-funded investigators and trainees, and enhance the competitiveness of MUSC investigators. ..

..This research should aid in addressing this health challenge. ..

..This research should aid in addressing this health challenge. ..

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..This information will, at the same time, also provide information regarding the pathobiology of COPD exacerbations. ..

..abstract_text> ..

..D. in the University of Colorado's Clinical Science Program. In addition, he will actively participate and train in the Pediatric GCRC, and frequently interact with his sponsor, mentors, and collaborators. ..

..This award will allow the candidate to develop into a well-trained independent researcher in PH. ..

..Secondary efficacy endpoints include gas exchange and quality of life (QOL). We anticipate an improvement in 6MWD in patients who receive sildenafil compared to those who receive placebo. (End of Abstract) ..

..These studies will provide an integrated approach to the hypothesis, incorporating whole animal physiology coupled with molecular and cellular studies. ..

..abstract_text> ..

.._l.Center. PHS 398/2590(Rev.05/01) Page _, LJ ContinuationFormatPage NumberpagesconsecutivelyatthebottomthroughoutheapplicationD. o no_u_stesuffixesuchas3a, 3b. ..

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..Findings from these studies will further our understanding of cellular mechanism that modulate pulmonary edema formation and determine if the NPs and their receptors are potential therapeutic targets for acute lung injury. ..

..Findings from these studies will further our understanding of cellular mechanism that modulate pulmonary edema formation and determine if the NPs and their receptors are potential therapeutic targets for acute lung injury. ..

..This study aims to develop and validate novel, easily-obtained biomarkers in exhaled breath and urine that may ultimately improve clinical management of these patients and allow early detection of disease. (End of Abstract) ..

..We submit that this workshop is an essential ?next step? to ensuring that there is substantive advancement of scientific knowledge in this important field. ..

..abstract_text> ..

..The principal investigator will take advanced courses to enhance knowledge and skills needed for patient-oriented research and work with the mentors to conduct the proposed project during the award period. ..

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..This close correlation in responses will allow an exploration in animal experiments of the possible mechanisms underlying observations made in humans. ..

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..This work is an expansion of work conducted to date by the PI, who has recently relocated to the University of Pennsylvania. ..

..The hypothesis and unique approach come at a crucial time of failed clinical trials and address an important new therapeutic target. ..

..abstract_text> ..

..The trial will take place over 5 years with an initial 6 months for planning, training, and implementation; 3 years of enrollment; 1 year of follow-up; and 6 months for close out, analysis, and presentation. ..

..abstract_text> ..

..These clinically applicable interventions may modify the natural history of diseases, such as heart failure, characterized by ventricular electrical remodeling leading to a high risk for lethal arrhythmias. ..

..This work will both clarify mechanisms by which incentives alter behaviors, and will identify better ways to reduce smoking and other important causes of preventable death. ..