synaptic transmission

Summary

Summary: The communication from a neuron to a target (neuron, muscle, or secretory cell) across a synapse. In chemical synaptic transmission, the presynaptic neuron releases a neurotransmitter that diffuses across the synaptic cleft and binds to specific synaptic receptors. These activated receptors modulate ion channels and/or second-messenger systems to influence the postsynaptic cell. Electrical transmission is less common in the nervous system, and, as in other tissues, is mediated by gap junctions.

Top Publications

  1. ncbi Visualizing secretion and synaptic transmission with pH-sensitive green fluorescent proteins
    G Miesenbock
    Cellular Biochemistry and Biophysics Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10021, USA
    Nature 394:192-5. 1998
  2. pmc Membrane fusion: grappling with SNARE and SM proteins
    Thomas C Sudhof
    Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA
    Science 323:474-7. 2009
  3. ncbi Variations on an inhibitory theme: phasic and tonic activation of GABA(A) receptors
    Mark Farrant
    Department of Pharmacology, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK
    Nat Rev Neurosci 6:215-29. 2005
  4. ncbi The molecular biology of memory storage: a dialogue between genes and synapses
    E R Kandel
    Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Center for Neurobiology and Behavior, College of Physicians and Surgeons of Columbia University, New York State Psychiatric Institute, 1051 Riverside Drive, New York, NY 10032, USA
    Science 294:1030-8. 2001
  5. ncbi Glutamate uptake
    N C Danbolt
    Department of Anatomy, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1105, Blindern, N-0317, Oslo, Norway
    Prog Neurobiol 65:1-105. 2001
  6. ncbi Neuronal circuits of the neocortex
    Rodney J Douglas
    Institute of Neuroinformatics, University ETH Zurich, Zurich 8057, Switzerland
    Annu Rev Neurosci 27:419-51. 2004
  7. ncbi Neuronal avalanches in neocortical circuits
    John M Beggs
    Unit of Neural Network Physiology, Laboratory of Systems Neuroscience, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892 4075, USA
    J Neurosci 23:11167-77. 2003
  8. ncbi The principal features and mechanisms of dopamine modulation in the prefrontal cortex
    Jeremy K Seamans
    Department of Physiology, MUSC, 173 Ashley Avenue, Suite 403, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
    Prog Neurobiol 74:1-58. 2004
  9. ncbi Learning induces long-term potentiation in the hippocampus
    Jonathan R Whitlock
    Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Picower Institute for Learning and Memory, Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
    Science 313:1093-7. 2006
  10. pmc Dysfunction in GABA signalling mediates autism-like stereotypies and Rett syndrome phenotypes
    Hsiao Tuan Chao
    Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
    Nature 468:263-9. 2010

Research Grants

  1. Agrin/alpha 3 Na,K-ATPase signaling at the neuromuscular junction
    Martin A Smith; Fiscal Year: 2012
  2. Chronic nicotine and synaptic transmission in brainstem respiratory neurons
    RALPH FRANK FREGOSI; Fiscal Year: 2013
  3. Estrogen Modulation of Auditory Processing
    Raphael Pinaud; Fiscal Year: 2012
  4. Characterization of epsilon-sarcoglycan interacting proteins in mouse brain
    Yuqing Li; Fiscal Year: 2012
  5. IDENTIFICATION OF ACOUSTICO-LATERALIS TRANSMITTERS
    Dennis G Drescher; Fiscal Year: 2013
  6. Roles of RhoA/Rho-kinase Signaling in Cavernous Neurons Following Axonal Injury
    TRINITY JUDE BIVALACQUA; Fiscal Year: 2013
  7. Astrocytic Ca2+ Signaling in the Ischemic Penumbra
    Maiken Nedergaard; Fiscal Year: 2011
  8. Ephrin-A3 in Neuron-Glia Communication
    Elena B Pasquale; Fiscal Year: 2011
  9. BRAINSTEM MATURATION IN THE SUDDEN INFANT DEATH SYNDROME
    HANNAH CHASE KINNEY; Fiscal Year: 2013
  10. GLUTAMATE TRANSPORTERS IN THE CNS
    MICHAEL BYRNE ROBINSON; Fiscal Year: 2011

Detail Information

Publications292 found, 100 shown here

  1. ncbi Visualizing secretion and synaptic transmission with pH-sensitive green fluorescent proteins
    G Miesenbock
    Cellular Biochemistry and Biophysics Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10021, USA
    Nature 394:192-5. 1998
    ..When linked to a vesicle membrane protein, pHluorins were sorted to secretory and synaptic vesicles and reported transmission at individual synaptic boutons, as well as secretion and fusion pore 'flicker' of single secretory granules...
  2. pmc Membrane fusion: grappling with SNARE and SM proteins
    Thomas C Sudhof
    Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA
    Science 323:474-7. 2009
    ..where synaptotagmin (the calcium-ion sensor for fusion) cooperates with complexin (the clamp activator) to control the precisely timed release of neurotransmitters that initiates synaptic transmission and underlies brain function.
  3. ncbi Variations on an inhibitory theme: phasic and tonic activation of GABA(A) receptors
    Mark Farrant
    Department of Pharmacology, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK
    Nat Rev Neurosci 6:215-29. 2005
    ..In this review, we consider the distinct roles of synaptic and extrasynaptic GABA receptor subtypes in the control of neuronal excitability...
  4. ncbi The molecular biology of memory storage: a dialogue between genes and synapses
    E R Kandel
    Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Center for Neurobiology and Behavior, College of Physicians and Surgeons of Columbia University, New York State Psychiatric Institute, 1051 Riverside Drive, New York, NY 10032, USA
    Science 294:1030-8. 2001
    ....
  5. ncbi Glutamate uptake
    N C Danbolt
    Department of Anatomy, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1105, Blindern, N-0317, Oslo, Norway
    Prog Neurobiol 65:1-105. 2001
    ..g. osteoporosis) can be properly understood unless more is learned about these transporter proteins. Like glutamate itself, glutamate transporters are somehow involved in almost all aspects of normal and abnormal brain activity...
  6. ncbi Neuronal circuits of the neocortex
    Rodney J Douglas
    Institute of Neuroinformatics, University ETH Zurich, Zurich 8057, Switzerland
    Annu Rev Neurosci 27:419-51. 2004
    ....
  7. ncbi Neuronal avalanches in neocortical circuits
    John M Beggs
    Unit of Neural Network Physiology, Laboratory of Systems Neuroscience, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892 4075, USA
    J Neurosci 23:11167-77. 2003
    ..In the critical state, the network may satisfy the competing demands of information transmission and network stability...
  8. ncbi The principal features and mechanisms of dopamine modulation in the prefrontal cortex
    Jeremy K Seamans
    Department of Physiology, MUSC, 173 Ashley Avenue, Suite 403, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
    Prog Neurobiol 74:1-58. 2004
    ..Based on these factors, a theory is proposed for DA's action in PFC. This theory suggests that DA acts to expand or contract the breadth of information held in working memory buffers in PFC networks...
  9. ncbi Learning induces long-term potentiation in the hippocampus
    Jonathan R Whitlock
    Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Picower Institute for Learning and Memory, Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
    Science 313:1093-7. 2006
    ..as induction of LTP with HFS and caused a spatially restricted increase in the amplitude of evoked synaptic transmission in CA1 in vivo...
  10. pmc Dysfunction in GABA signalling mediates autism-like stereotypies and Rett syndrome phenotypes
    Hsiao Tuan Chao
    Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
    Nature 468:263-9. 2010
    ..These data demonstrate that MeCP2 is critical for normal function of GABA-releasing neurons and that subtle dysfunction of GABAergic neurons contributes to numerous neuropsychiatric phenotypes...
  11. ncbi Tripartite synapses: astrocytes process and control synaptic information
    Gertrudis Perea
    Instituto Cajal, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas, Madrid 28002, Spain
    Trends Neurosci 32:421-31. 2009
    ..information with the synaptic neuronal elements, responding to synaptic activity and, in turn, regulating synaptic transmission. Because recent evidence has demonstrated that astrocytes integrate and process synaptic information and ..
  12. ncbi Neuronal oscillations in cortical networks
    Gyorgy Buzsaki
    Center for Molecular and Behavioral Neuroscience, Rutgers, State University of New Jersey, Newark, NJ 07102, USA
    Science 304:1926-9. 2004
    ....
  13. pmc The asynchronous state in cortical circuits
    Alfonso Renart
    Center for Molecular and Behavioral Neuroscience, Rutgers University, Newark, NJ 07102, USA
    Science 327:587-90. 2010
    ..Our results suggest a reexamination of the sources underlying observed correlations and their functional consequences for information processing...
  14. ncbi Astrocyte control of synaptic transmission and neurovascular coupling
    Philip G Haydon
    Silvio Conte Center for Integration at the Tripartite Synapse, Department of Neuroscience, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, PA 19104, USA
    Physiol Rev 86:1009-31. 2006
    ..the predominant glial cell of the central nervous system, the astrocyte, is positioned to regulate synaptic transmission and neurovascular coupling: the processes of one astrocyte contact tens of thousands of synapses, while ..
  15. pmc Requirement for hippocampal CA3 NMDA receptors in associative memory recall
    Kazu Nakazawa
    Picower Center for Learning and Memory, RIKEN MIT Neuroscience Research Center, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
    Science 297:211-8. 2002
    ..These results provide direct evidence for CA3 NMDA receptor involvement in associative memory recall...
  16. ncbi Requirement of hippocampal neurogenesis for the behavioral effects of antidepressants
    Luca Santarelli
    Center for Neurobiology and Behavior, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
    Science 301:805-9. 2003
    ..These findings suggest that the behavioral effects of chronic antidepressants may be mediated by the stimulation of neurogenesis in the hippocampus...
  17. ncbi Integration of quanta in cerebellar granule cells during sensory processing
    Paul Chadderton
    Wolfson Institute for Biomedical Research and Department of Physiology, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK
    Nature 428:856-60. 2004
    ..Granule cell bursts are optimally suited to trigger glutamate receptor activation and plasticity at parallel fibre synapses, providing a link between input representation and memory storage in the cerebellum...
  18. ncbi Memory of sequential experience in the hippocampus during slow wave sleep
    Albert K Lee
    Picower Center for Learning and Memory, RIKEN MIT Neuroscience Research Center, Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
    Neuron 36:1183-94. 2002
    ..This rapid encoding of sequential experience is consistent with evidence that the hippocampus is crucial for spatial learning in rodents and the formation of long-term memories of events in time in humans...
  19. ncbi Gain modulation from background synaptic input
    Frances S Chance
    Center for Neural Science, New York University, New York, NY 10003, USA
    Neuron 35:773-82. 2002
    ..These results suggest that, within active cortical circuits, the overall level of synaptic input to a neuron acts as a gain control signal that modulates responsiveness to excitatory drive...
  20. pmc The neural code between neocortical pyramidal neurons depends on neurotransmitter release probability
    M V Tsodyks
    Department of Neurobiology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 94:719-23. 1997
    ..of the brain, we still do not understand how the code used in signaling depends on the properties of synaptic transmission. Theoretical analysis combined with patch clamp recordings from pairs of neocortical pyramidal neurons ..
  21. ncbi Neuronal plasticity: increasing the gain in pain
    C J Woolf
    Neural Plasticity Research Group, Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, MGH East, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
    Science 288:1765-9. 2000
    ....
  22. ncbi Control of synaptic strength by glial TNFalpha
    Eric C Beattie
    Nancy Pritzker Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA
    Science 295:2282-5. 2002
    ..Through its effects on AMPA receptor trafficking, TNFalpha may play roles in synaptic plasticity and modulating responses to neural injury...
  23. ncbi GABA: a pioneer transmitter that excites immature neurons and generates primitive oscillations
    Yehezkel Ben-Ari
    Insititut de Neurobiologie de la Méditerranée, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U 29, Marseille, France
    Physiol Rev 87:1215-84. 2007
    ..In conclusion, it is suggested that an evolutionary preserved role for excitatory GABA in immature cells provides an important mechanism in the formation of synapses and activity in neuronal networks...
  24. ncbi Activity-dependent scaling of quantal amplitude in neocortical neurons
    G G Turrigiano
    Department of Biology and Center for Complex Systems, Brandeis University, Waltham, Massachusetts 02254, USA
    Nature 391:892-6. 1998
    ....
  25. ncbi Astrocytic purinergic signaling coordinates synaptic networks
    Olivier Pascual
    Department of Neuroscience, Conte Center for Integration at the Tripartite Synapse, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
    Science 310:113-6. 2005
    To investigate the role of astrocytes in regulating synaptic transmission, we generated inducible transgenic mice that express a dominant-negative SNARE domain selectively in astrocytes to block the release of transmitters from these ..
  26. ncbi Interneurons of the neocortical inhibitory system
    Henry Markram
    Laboratory of Neural Microcircuitry, Brain Mind Institute, Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
    Nat Rev Neurosci 5:793-807. 2004
    ..The largest obstacle is the daunting variety of inhibitory interneurons that are found in the circuit. This review focuses on the organizing principles that govern the diversity of inhibitory interneurons and their circuits...
  27. ncbi The molecular logic of endocannabinoid signalling
    Daniele Piomelli
    Department of Pharmacology, University of California, Irvine 92697 4625, USA
    Nat Rev Neurosci 4:873-84. 2003
  28. ncbi Excitatory actions of gaba during development: the nature of the nurture
    Yehezkel Ben-Ari
    Institut de Neurobiologie de la Méditerranée INMED, INSERM Unit 29, Parc Scientifique de Luminy, 13273 Marseille Cedex 09, France
    Nat Rev Neurosci 3:728-39. 2002
    ..As key elements of this cascade are activity dependent, the formation of inhibition adds an element of nurture to the construction of cortical networks...
  29. ncbi Effects of neuromodulation in a cortical network model of object working memory dominated by recurrent inhibition
    N Brunel
    LPS, Ecole Normale Superieure, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France
    J Comput Neurosci 11:63-85. 2001
    ..The present study therefore points to several mechanisms that enhance the signal-to-noise ratio in working memory states. These mechanisms could be implemented in the prefrontal cortex by dopaminergic projections from the midbrain...
  30. ncbi The importance of dendritic mitochondria in the morphogenesis and plasticity of spines and synapses
    Zheng Li
    The Picower Center for Learning and Memory, RIKEN MIT Neuroscience Research Center, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
    Cell 119:873-87. 2004
    ..Reciprocally, synaptic activity modulates the motility and fusion/fission balance of mitochondria and controls mitochondrial distribution in dendrites...
  31. ncbi Neocortical network activity in vivo is generated through a dynamic balance of excitation and inhibition
    Bilal Haider
    Department of Neurobiology, Kavli Institute for Neuroscience, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06510, USA
    J Neurosci 26:4535-45. 2006
    ....
  32. ncbi Alleviating neuropathic pain hypersensitivity by inhibiting PKMzeta in the anterior cingulate cortex
    Xiang yao Li
    Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Center for the Study of Pain, University of Toronto, 1 King s College Circle, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada
    Science 330:1400-4. 2010
    ..Microinjection of ZIP into the ACC blocked behavioral sensitization. These results suggest that PKMζ in the ACC acts to maintain neuropathic pain. PKMζ could thus be a new therapeutic target for treating chronic pain...
  33. pmc The role of acetylcholine in learning and memory
    Michael E Hasselmo
    Center for Memory and Brain, Boston University, 2 Cummington Street, Boston, MA 02215, USA
    Curr Opin Neurobiol 16:710-5. 2006
    ..These effects might enhance different types of encoding in different cortical structures. In particular, the effects in entorhinal and perirhinal cortex and hippocampus might be important for encoding new episodic memories...
  34. pmc Interaction of sensory responses with spontaneous depolarization in layer 2/3 barrel cortex
    Carl C H Petersen
    Department of Cell Physiology, Max Planck Institute for Medical Research, Jahnstrasse 29, Heidelberg D 69120, Germany
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 100:13638-43. 2003
    ..localized to an area of a barrel column or occurred as propagating waves dependent on local glutamatergic synaptic transmission in layer 2/3...
  35. ncbi Is there more to GABA than synaptic inhibition?
    David F Owens
    Laboratory of Molecular Biology, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, Building 36, Room 3C09, 36 Convent Drive, Bethesda, Maryland 20892 4092, USA
    Nat Rev Neurosci 3:715-27. 2002
    ..The unique features of the early-appearing GABA signalling systems might help to explain how GABA acts as a developmental signal...
  36. ncbi Enforcement of temporal fidelity in pyramidal cells by somatic feed-forward inhibition
    F Pouille
    Brain Research Institute, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland
    Science 293:1159-63. 2001
    ..Thus, the subcellular partitioning of feed-forward inhibition enforces precise coincidence detection in the soma, while allowing dendrites to sum incoming activity over broader time windows...
  37. ncbi Instantaneous correlation of excitation and inhibition during ongoing and sensory-evoked activities
    Michael Okun
    Department of Neurobiology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
    Nat Neurosci 11:535-7. 2008
    ....
  38. ncbi Neurotrophins as synaptic modulators
    M M Poo
    Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720 3200, USA
    Nat Rev Neurosci 2:24-32. 2001
    ..By this account, neurotrophins may participate in activity-dependent synaptic plasticity, linking synaptic activity with long-term functional and structural modification of synaptic connections...
  39. ncbi Glutamate exocytosis from astrocytes controls synaptic strength
    Pascal Jourdain
    Department of Cell Biology and Morphology, University of Lausanne, Rue du Bugnon 9, 1005 Lausanne, Switzerland
    Nat Neurosci 10:331-9. 2007
    ..Thus, we provide the first combined functional and ultrastructural evidence for a physiological control of synaptic activity via exocytosis of glutamate from astrocytes...
  40. ncbi CNS synaptogenesis promoted by glia-derived cholesterol
    D H Mauch
    Synapse Group and, Protein Chemistry Group, , D-13092 Berlin, Germany
    Science 294:1354-7. 2001
    ..This may explain the delayed onset of CNS synaptogenesis after glia differentiation and neurobehavioral manifestations of defects in cholesterol or lipoprotein homeostasis...
  41. ncbi Aberrant excitatory neuronal activity and compensatory remodeling of inhibitory hippocampal circuits in mouse models of Alzheimer's disease
    Jorge J Palop
    Gladstone Institute of Neurological Disease, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
    Neuron 55:697-711. 2007
    ..Aberrant increases in network excitability and compensatory inhibitory mechanisms in the hippocampus may contribute to Abeta-induced neurological deficits in hAPP mice and, possibly, also in humans with AD...
  42. ncbi Synaptic computation
    L F Abbott
    Volen Center and Department of Biology, Brandeis University, Waltham, Massachusetts 02454 9110, USA
    Nature 431:796-803. 2004
    ..By expressing several forms of synaptic plasticity, a single neuron can convey an array of different signals to the neural circuit in which it operates...
  43. pmc Local GABA circuit control of experience-dependent plasticity in developing visual cortex
    T K Hensch
    Laboratory for Neuronal Circuit Development, Brain Science Institute RIKEN, 2 1 Hirosawa, Wako Shi, Saitama 351 0198, Japan
    Science 282:1504-8. 1998
    ..Specific networks of inhibitory interneurons intrinsic to visual cortex may detect perturbations in sensory input to drive experience-dependent plasticity during development...
  44. ncbi Synaptic plasticity: multiple forms, functions, and mechanisms
    Ami Citri
    Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Nancy Pritzker Laboratory, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA 94304 5485, USA
    Neuropsychopharmacology 33:18-41. 2008
    ..by which the neural activity generated by an experience modifies brain function is via modifications of synaptic transmission; that is, synaptic plasticity...
  45. ncbi NMDA receptor subunits: diversity, development and disease
    S Cull-Candy
    Department of Pharmacology, University College London, Gower Street, WC1E 6BT, London, UK
    Curr Opin Neurobiol 11:327-35. 2001
    ..Recent studies are beginning to address the functional significance of NMDAR diversity under normal and pathological conditions...
  46. ncbi Neuroligin 2 drives postsynaptic assembly at perisomatic inhibitory synapses through gephyrin and collybistin
    Alexandros Poulopoulos
    Department of Molecular Neurobiology, Max Planck Institute of Experimental Medicine, Gottingen, Germany
    Neuron 63:628-42. 2009
    ..b>Synaptic transmission to the postsynaptic neuron relies on localized and transmitter-specific differentiation of the plasma ..
  47. ncbi Multiple dopamine functions at different time courses
    Wolfram Schultz
    Department of Physiology, Development, and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3DY, United Kingdom
    Annu Rev Neurosci 30:259-88. 2007
    ....
  48. ncbi Astroglial metabolic networks sustain hippocampal synaptic transmission
    Nathalie Rouach
    Inserm U840, College de France, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, France
    Science 322:1551-5. 2008
    ..However, the molecular mechanisms involved in this function, as well as its role in synaptic transmission, remain unclear...
  49. ncbi Miniature neurotransmission stabilizes synaptic function via tonic suppression of local dendritic protein synthesis
    Michael A Sutton
    Division of Biology 114 96, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
    Cell 125:785-99. 2006
    ..Here, we show that the miniature synaptic transmission that persists during AP blockade profoundly shapes the time course and mechanism of homeostatic scaling...
  50. ncbi Gene expression deficits in a subclass of GABA neurons in the prefrontal cortex of subjects with schizophrenia
    Takanori Hashimoto
    Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
    J Neurosci 23:6315-26. 2003
    ....
  51. ncbi Properties of synaptically evoked astrocyte calcium signal reveal synaptic information processing by astrocytes
    Gertrudis Perea
    Instituto Cajal, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas, Madrid 28002, Spain
    J Neurosci 25:2192-203. 2005
    ..Therefore, because astrocytes discriminate and integrate synaptic information, we propose that they can be considered as cellular elements involved in the information processing by the nervous system...
  52. ncbi Dopaminergic modulation of synaptic transmission in cortex and striatum
    Nicolas X Tritsch
    Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
    Neuron 76:33-50. 2012
    ..is known to regulate many electrical and biochemical aspects of neuronal function including excitability, synaptic transmission, integration and plasticity, protein trafficking, and gene transcription...
  53. pmc An activity-regulated microRNA controls dendritic plasticity by down-regulating p250GAP
    Gary A Wayman
    Department of Veterinary Anatomy, Physiology, and Pharmacology, Washington State University, 100 Dairy Road, Pullman, WA 99164, USA
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 105:9093-8. 2008
    ..Experiments using dominant-interfering mutants suggested that Rac signaling is downstream of miR132 and p250GAP. We propose that the miR132-p250GAP pathway plays a key role in activity-dependent structural and functional plasticity...
  54. ncbi Glia-derived D-serine controls NMDA receptor activity and synaptic memory
    Aude Panatier
    INSERM, U378, Bordeaux, F 33077, France
    Cell 125:775-84. 2006
    ..Such a contribution of astrocytes to synaptic metaplasticity fuels the emerging concept that astrocytes are dynamic partners of brain signaling...
  55. ncbi Hippocampal short- and long-term plasticity are not modulated by astrocyte Ca2+ signaling
    Cendra Agulhon
    Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Genetic Medicine Building, CB 7365, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
    Science 327:1250-4. 2010
    The concept that astrocytes release neuroactive molecules (gliotransmitters) to affect synaptic transmission has been a paradigm shift in neuroscience research over the past decade...
  56. ncbi On the origin of interictal activity in human temporal lobe epilepsy in vitro
    Ivan Cohen
    EMI 0224, CHU Pitie Salpetriere, Universite Paris VI, 75013 Paris, France
    Science 298:1418-21. 2002
    ..In these pyramidal cells, GABAergic synaptic events reversed at depolarized potentials. Depolarizing GABAergic responses in neurons downstream to the sclerotic CA1 region contribute to human interictal activity...
  57. ncbi Differential regulation of AMPA receptor and GABA receptor trafficking by tumor necrosis factor-alpha
    David Stellwagen
    Nancy Pritzker Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford Medical School, Palo Alto, California 94305, USA
    J Neurosci 25:3219-28. 2005
    ..These results suggest that TNFalpha can regulate neuronal circuit homeostasis in a manner that may exacerbate excitotoxic damage resulting from neuronal insults...
  58. ncbi The tripartite synapse: roles for gliotransmission in health and disease
    Michael M Halassa
    Silvio Conte Center for Integration at the Tripartite Synapse, Department of Neuroscience, University of Pennsylvania, School of Medicine Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
    Trends Mol Med 13:54-63. 2007
    ..The results of future experimental tests of the astrocyte activation spectrum, which relates gliotransmission to neurological and psychiatric disorders, might point to a new therapeutic target in the brain...
  59. ncbi GABA uptake regulates cortical excitability via cell type-specific tonic inhibition
    Alexey Semyanov
    Department of Clinical and Experimental Epilepsy, Institute of Neurology, University College London, Queen Square, London WC1N 3BG, UK
    Nat Neurosci 6:484-90. 2003
    ..Reducing the tonic conductance in interneurons enhanced their excitability and the inhibitory drive to pyramidal cells. These results point to a role for cell type-dependent tonic inhibition in regulating cortical excitability...
  60. ncbi Regulation of synaptic connectivity by glia
    Cagla Eroglu
    Cell Biology Department, Box 3709, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27710, USA
    Nature 468:223-31. 2010
    ..Understanding how signalling between glia and neurons regulates synaptic development will offer new insight into how the nervous system works and provide new targets for the treatment of neurological diseases...
  61. pmc Physiology and anatomy of synaptic connections between thick tufted pyramidal neurones in the developing rat neocortex
    H Markram
    Max Planck Institut fur medizinische Forschung, Abteilung Zellphysiologie, Germany
    J Physiol 500:409-40. 1997
    ..neurones, which have their synaptic contacts preferentially located on basal and apical oblique dendrites, was due to differences in transmitter release probability of the projecting neurones and, to a lesser extent, to differenc..
  62. ncbi Synfire chains and cortical songs: temporal modules of cortical activity
    Yuji Ikegaya
    Department of Biological Sciences, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
    Science 304:559-64. 2004
    ..Sequences of active neurons have distinct spatial structures and are repeated in the same order over tens of seconds, revealing modular temporal dynamics. Higher order sequences are replayed with compressed timing...
  63. pmc Fluctuating synaptic conductances recreate in vivo-like activity in neocortical neurons
    A Destexhe
    Unite de Neurosciences Integratives et Computationnelles, CNRS, UPR 2191, Gif sur Yvette, France
    Neuroscience 107:13-24. 2001
    ..We conclude that many of the characteristics of cortical neurons in vivo can be explained by fast glutamatergic and GABAergic conductances varying stochastically...
  64. ncbi Astrocytes potentiate transmitter release at single hippocampal synapses
    Gertrudis Perea
    Instituto Cajal, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas, Madrid, Spain
    Science 317:1083-6. 2007
    ..However, the influence of astrocytes on synaptic transmission and plasticity at the single synapse level is unknown...
  65. ncbi The probability of neurotransmitter release: variability and feedback control at single synapses
    Tiago Branco
    Wolfson Institute for Biomedical Research and Department of Neuroscience, Physiology and Pharmacology, University College London, WC1E 6BT, UK
    Nat Rev Neurosci 10:373-83. 2009
    ..This local tuning of transmission has important implications for current models of single-neuron computation...
  66. ncbi Synaptic islands defined by the territory of a single astrocyte
    Michael M Halassa
    Silvio Conte Center for Integration at the Tripartite Synapse, Department of Neuroscience, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
    J Neurosci 27:6473-7. 2007
    ..Our description offers a new structurally based conceptual framework to evaluate functional data involving interactions between neurons and astrocytes in the mammalian brain...
  67. ncbi DARPP-32: an integrator of neurotransmission
    Per Svenningsson
    Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10021, USA
    Annu Rev Pharmacol Toxicol 44:269-96. 2004
    ....
  68. pmc Cytokine mechanisms of central sensitization: distinct and overlapping role of interleukin-1beta, interleukin-6, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha in regulating synaptic and neuronal activity in the superficial spinal cord
    Yasuhiko Kawasaki
    Pain Research Center, Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Brigham and Women s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
    J Neurosci 28:5189-94. 2008
    ..spinal cord slices, we compared the effects of IL-1beta, IL-6, and TNFalpha on excitatory and inhibitory synaptic transmission. Whereas TNFalpha enhanced the frequency of spontaneous EPSCs (sEPSCs), IL-6 reduced the frequency of ..
  69. ncbi Adaptive exponential integrate-and-fire model as an effective description of neuronal activity
    Romain Brette
    Dept d Informatique, Equipe Odyssée, Ecole Normale Superieure, 45 rue d Ulm, 75230 Paris Cedex 05, France
    J Neurophysiol 94:3637-42. 2005
    ..These results are promising because this simple model has enough expressive power to reproduce qualitatively several electrophysiological classes described in vitro...
  70. ncbi Endocannabinoids potentiate synaptic transmission through stimulation of astrocytes
    Marta Navarrete
    Instituto Cajal, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas, Madrid, Spain
    Neuron 68:113-26. 2010
    ..However, the consequences of the endocannabinoid-mediated neuron-astrocyte signaling on synaptic transmission are unknown...
  71. ncbi Munc13-1 is essential for fusion competence of glutamatergic synaptic vesicles
    I Augustin
    Max Planck Institut fur experimentelle Medizin, AG Molekulare Neurobiologie, Gottingen, Bundesrepublik Deutschland
    Nature 400:457-61. 1999
    ....
  72. ncbi GABAergic network activation of glial cells underlies hippocampal heterosynaptic depression
    Alexandre Serrano
    Centre de Recherche en Sciences Neurologiques, Departement de Physiologie, Universite de Montreal, Succursale Centre Ville, Montreal, Quebec, H3C 3J7, Canada
    J Neurosci 26:5370-82. 2006
    ..Thus, glial and neuronal networks are functionally associated during the genesis of heterosynaptic plasticity at mammalian central excitatory synapses...
  73. ncbi Natural waking and sleep states: a view from inside neocortical neurons
    M Steriade
    Laboratoire de Neurophysiologie, Faculte de Medicine, Universite Laval, Quebec G1K 7P4, Canada
    J Neurophysiol 85:1969-85. 2001
    ..In view of the high firing rates in the functionally disconnected state of slow-wave sleep, we suggest that neocortical neurons are engaged in processing internally generated signals...
  74. ncbi Synaptic theory of working memory
    Gianluigi Mongillo
    Group for Neural Theory, Departement d Etudes Cognitives, Ecole Normale Supérieure et Collège de France, Paris, France
    Science 319:1543-6. 2008
    ..The duration and stability of working memory can be regulated by modulating the spontaneous activity in the network...
  75. pmc How addictive drugs disrupt presynaptic dopamine neurotransmission
    David Sulzer
    Departments of Psychiatry, Neurology, and Pharmacology, Columbia University Medical Center, Black 308, 650 W 168 St, New York, NY 10032, USA
    Neuron 69:628-49. 2011
    ....
  76. ncbi Improved stability of Drosophila larval neuromuscular preparations in haemolymph-like physiological solutions
    B A Stewart
    Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
    J Comp Physiol A 175:179-91. 1994
    ..b>Synaptic transmission was well-maintained in haemolymph-like solutions, but the excitatory synaptic potentials had a slower time ..
  77. ncbi Phosphorylation of the AMPA receptor GluR1 subunit is required for synaptic plasticity and retention of spatial memory
    Hey Kyoung Lee
    Department of Neuroscience, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
    Cell 112:631-43. 2003
    Plasticity of the nervous system is dependent on mechanisms that regulate the strength of synaptic transmission. Excitatory synapses in the brain undergo long-term potentiation (LTP) and long-term depression (LTD), cellular models of ..
  78. ncbi Transgenic inhibition of synaptic transmission reveals role of CA3 output in hippocampal learning
    Toshiaki Nakashiba
    Picower Institute for Learning and Memory, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, RIKEN MIT Neuroscience Research Center, Department of Biology and Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
    Science 319:1260-4. 2008
    ..tetanus toxin-based method for transgenic mice that permits inducible and reversible inhibition of synaptic transmission and applied it to the trisynaptic pathway while preserving transmission in the monosynaptic pathway...
  79. ncbi Homeostatic plasticity in the developing nervous system
    Gina G Turrigiano
    Department of Biology and Volen National Center for Complex Systems, Brandeis University, Waltham, Massachusetts 02454, USA
    Nat Rev Neurosci 5:97-107. 2004
  80. ncbi Vesicular glutamate transporter 3 is required for synaptic transmission in zebrafish hair cells
    Nikolaus Obholzer
    Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Oregon Hearing Research Center and Vollum Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon 97239, USA
    J Neurosci 28:2110-8. 2008
    ..vestibulo-ocular and acoustic startle reflexes in asteroid/vglut3 mutants was attributable to a defect in synaptic transmission in hair cells...
  81. pmc RIM determines Ca²+ channel density and vesicle docking at the presynaptic active zone
    Yunyun Han
    Laboratory of Synaptic Mechanisms, Brain Mind Institute, Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne EPFL, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
    Neuron 69:304-16. 2011
    ..Thus, RIM proteins co-ordinately regulate key functions for fast transmitter release, enabling a high presynaptic Ca²+ channel density and vesicle docking at the active zone...
  82. pmc JNK-induced MCP-1 production in spinal cord astrocytes contributes to central sensitization and neuropathic pain
    Yong Jing Gao
    Pain Research Center, Department of Anesthesiology, Brigham and Women s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
    J Neurosci 29:4096-108. 2009
    ..after JNK activation contributes to central sensitization and neuropathic pain facilitation by enhancing excitatory synaptic transmission. Inhibition of the JNK/MCP-1 pathway may provide a new therapy for neuropathic pain management.
  83. ncbi Synaptic basis of cortical persistent activity: the importance of NMDA receptors to working memory
    X J Wang
    Volen Center for Complex Systems, Department of Physics, Brandeis University, Waltham, Massachusetts 02454 9110, USA
    J Neurosci 19:9587-603. 1999
    ..In this theoretical work, I show that biophysical properties of cortical synaptic transmission are important to the generation and stabilization of a network persistent state...
  84. ncbi Shunting inhibition modulates neuronal gain during synaptic excitation
    Simon J Mitchell
    Department of Physiology, University College London, Gower Street, WC1E 6BT, London, United Kingdom
    Neuron 38:433-45. 2003
    ..Our results suggest that shunting inhibition can multiplicatively scale rate-coded information in neurons with high-variability synaptic inputs...
  85. pmc Synaptic AMPA receptor plasticity and behavior
    Helmut W Kessels
    Department of Neuroscience, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093 0634, USA
    Neuron 61:340-50. 2009
    ..We argue that monitoring and manipulating synaptic AMPAR trafficking represents an attractive means to study cognitive function and dysfunction in animal models...
  86. ncbi D1 and D2 dopamine-receptor modulation of striatal glutamatergic signaling in striatal medium spiny neurons
    D James Surmeier
    Department of Physiology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA lt j
    Trends Neurosci 30:228-35. 2007
    ..These studies have also shown that long-term alterations in dopamine signaling produce profound and cell-type-specific reshaping of corticostriatal connectivity and function...
  87. ncbi Activity-dependent regulation of dendritic synthesis and trafficking of AMPA receptors
    William Ju
    Nancy Friend Pritzker Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, 1201 Welch Road, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, California 94304, USA
    Nat Neurosci 7:244-53. 2004
    ....
  88. pmc Strong synaptic transmission impact by copy number variations in schizophrenia
    Joseph T Glessner
    Center for Applied Genomics, The Children s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 107:10584-9. 2010
    ..The Gene Ontology synaptic transmission family of genes was notably enriched for CNVs in the cases (P = 1.5 x 10(-7))...
  89. ncbi The neuronal MAP kinase cascade: a biochemical signal integration system subserving synaptic plasticity and memory
    J D Sweatt
    Division of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030 3498, USA
    J Neurochem 76:1-10. 2001
    ..Finally, I will speculate on what the critical downstream effectors of the erks are in neurons, and how they might provide a readout of the integrated signal...
  90. ncbi Distinct roles of synaptic transmission in direct and indirect striatal pathways to reward and aversive behavior
    Takatoshi Hikida
    Department of Systems Biology, Osaka Bioscience Institute, 6 2 4 Furuedai, Suita, Osaka 565 0874, Japan
    Neuron 66:896-907. 2010
    ..These two pathways thus have distinct roles: the direct pathway critical for distinguishing associative rewarding stimuli from nonassociative ones and the indirect pathway for rapid memory formation to avoid aversive stimuli...
  91. ncbi Endocannabinoid-mediated control of synaptic transmission
    Masanobu Kano
    Department of Neurophysiology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
    Physiol Rev 89:309-80. 2009
    ..current understanding of functions of the endocannabinoid system, especially focusing on the control of synaptic transmission in the brain...
  92. ncbi Recombinant BDNF rescues deficits in basal synaptic transmission and hippocampal LTP in BDNF knockout mice
    S L Patterson
    Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Center for Neurobiology and Behavior, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York 10032, USA
    Neuron 16:1137-45. 1996
    ..BDNF completely reverses deficits in long-term potentiation and significantly improves deficits in basal synaptic transmission at the Schaffer collateral-CA1 synapse. Thus, BDNF has an acute role in hippocampal synaptic function.
  93. ncbi Essential role for TrkB receptors in hippocampus-mediated learning
    L Minichiello
    European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Heidelberg, Germany
    Neuron 24:401-14. 1999
    ..Interestingly, heterozygotes show a partial but substantial reduction of LTP but appear behaviorally normal. Thus, CA1 LTP may need to be reduced below a certain threshold before behavioral defects become apparent...
  94. ncbi Control of synapse number by glia
    E M Ullian
    Stanford University School of Medicine, Department of Neurobiology, Fairchild Science Building, Stanford, CA 94305 5125, USA
    Science 291:657-61. 2001
    ....
  95. ncbi GLIA: listening and talking to the synapse
    P G Haydon
    Department of Zoology and Genetics, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
    Nat Rev Neurosci 2:185-93. 2001
    ..Without such a view, it might be impossible to decode the language of the brain...
  96. ncbi Excitatory GABA action is essential for morphological maturation of cortical neurons in vivo
    Laura Cancedda
    Division of Neurobiology, Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720 3200, USA
    J Neurosci 27:5224-35. 2007
    ..Thus, membrane depolarization caused by early GABA excitation is critical for morphological maturation of neonatal cortical neurons in vivo...
  97. ncbi An activity-regulated microRNA, miR-188, controls dendritic plasticity and synaptic transmission by downregulating neuropilin-2
    Kihwan Lee
    Department of Pharmacology and Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 110 799, Korea
    J Neurosci 32:5678-87. 2012
    ..regulatory functions of miRNAs, the identities of the miRNA species that are involved in the regulation of synaptic transmission and plasticity and the mechanisms by which these miRNAs exert functional roles remain largely unknown...
  98. pmc Monoallelic deletion of the microRNA biogenesis gene Dgcr8 produces deficits in the development of excitatory synaptic transmission in the prefrontal cortex
    Claude M Schofield
    Department of Ophthalmology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
    Neural Dev 6:11. 2011
    ....
  99. ncbi AMPA receptor trafficking and synaptic plasticity
    Roberto Malinow
    Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, New York 11724, USA
    Annu Rev Neurosci 25:103-26. 2002
    ..While much work remains to understand the molecular basis for synaptic plasticity, recent results on AMPA receptor trafficking provide a clear conceptual framework for future studies...
  100. ncbi From synapse to nucleus: calcium-dependent gene transcription in the control of synapse development and function
    Paul L Greer
    Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, 25 Shattuck Street, Boston, MA 02115, USA
    Neuron 59:846-60. 2008
    ..Interestingly, many components of the activity-dependent gene expression program are mutated in human cognitive disorders, which suggest that this program is essential for proper brain development and function...
  101. pmc Hts/Adducin controls synaptic elaboration and elimination
    Jan Pielage
    Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of California, San Francisco, 1550 4 th Street, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
    Neuron 69:1114-31. 2011
    ..Hts/Adducin may define a mechanism to switch between synapse stability and dynamics...

Research Grants74

  1. Agrin/alpha 3 Na,K-ATPase signaling at the neuromuscular junction
    Martin A Smith; Fiscal Year: 2012
    ..regulating growth of motor axons and dendrites, and the role of agrin/a3 NKA in modulating neuromuscular synaptic transmission. Previous studies of agrin function at the neuromuscular junction have focused on its interaction with the ..
  2. Chronic nicotine and synaptic transmission in brainstem respiratory neurons
    RALPH FRANK FREGOSI; Fiscal Year: 2013
    ..It is therefore crucial to begin establishing the mechanisms that lead to abnormal development of the brainstem neurons that regulate these critical homeostatic functions. ..
  3. Estrogen Modulation of Auditory Processing
    Raphael Pinaud; Fiscal Year: 2012
    ..Third, patch-clamp electrophysiological studies will determine how E2 exert rapid effects in synaptic transmission and plasticity within NCM circuitry...
  4. Characterization of epsilon-sarcoglycan interacting proteins in mouse brain
    Yuqing Li; Fiscal Year: 2012
    ..Identification of these interacting proteins may elucidate the function of ?-SG in the synaptic transmission. We further hypothesize that ?-SG interacts with other proteins and loss of ?-SG leads to the reduction of ..
  5. IDENTIFICATION OF ACOUSTICO-LATERALIS TRANSMITTERS
    Dennis G Drescher; Fiscal Year: 2013
    ..periphery, the receptors mediating their actions, and the basic biochemical events occurring in hair-cell synaptic transmission as modulated by these transmitters that initiate afferent signaling in octavolateralis systems...
  6. Roles of RhoA/Rho-kinase Signaling in Cavernous Neurons Following Axonal Injury
    TRINITY JUDE BIVALACQUA; Fiscal Year: 2013
    ..Understanding the molecular basis of peripheral nervous system function including neural development, synaptic transmission, and neuropathology;2...
  7. Astrocytic Ca2+ Signaling in the Ischemic Penumbra
    Maiken Nedergaard; Fiscal Year: 2011
    ..g. the energy supply was sufficient to maintain membrane potential, but not to support synaptic transmission. The fate of astrocytes in the penumbra has received little attention, in part, because the activity of ..
  8. Ephrin-A3 in Neuron-Glia Communication
    Elena B Pasquale; Fiscal Year: 2011
    ..evaluate the role of glial ephrin-A3 in the regulation of dendritic spine development and remodeling and synaptic transmission in hippocampal neurons...
  9. BRAINSTEM MATURATION IN THE SUDDEN INFANT DEATH SYNDROME
    HANNAH CHASE KINNEY; Fiscal Year: 2013
    ..is that an important subset of SIDS is due to alterations in key proteins related to 5-HT regulation and synaptic transmission in the medullary 5-HT system...
  10. GLUTAMATE TRANSPORTERS IN THE CNS
    MICHAEL BYRNE ROBINSON; Fiscal Year: 2011
    ..in the brain, extracellular concentrations are maintained in the low micromolar range to facilitate crisp synaptic transmission and to prevent excessive activation of receptors that can kill neurons (or other cells that express ..
  11. Effects of nerve demyelination on auditory synaptic functions
    Jun Hee Kim; Fiscal Year: 2012
    ..on the PNS and spinal cord axons, however, little is known about how loss of myelin sheaths affects the synaptic transmission at the single synapse level in mammalian central nervous system (CNS)...
  12. Dissecting the role of one neuronal RhoGEF amongst many: the Kalirin-7 null mouse
    Richard E Mains; Fiscal Year: 2012
    ..for this exon (Kal7+/KO) have diminished levels of Kalirin-7 and Kalirin-7 and show deficits in synaptic transmission. At the ultrastructural level, Kal7KO mice have a reduced number of normal excitatory synapses, plus many ..
  13. Brain interleukin-18 control of food intake and energy expenditure
    Eric P Zorrilla; Fiscal Year: 2013
    ..lipopolysaccharide), histochemically differentiating neuronal from glial populations, modes of fast synaptic transmission, and neuroanatomical interactions with anorectic pathways implicated in cytokine anorexia. In Expts 2.2-2...
  14. Autoimmunity Against Novel Antigens in Neuropsychiatric Dysfunction
    Josep O Dalmau; Fiscal Year: 2013
    ..against the NR1 subunit of the N- methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR), a glutamate receptor involved in synaptic transmission and plasticity...
  15. Development and Regulation of Cholinergic Synapses
    Andres Villu Maricq; Fiscal Year: 2013
    ..provided by applicant): Our long-term scientific goal is to gain a mechanistic understanding of synaptic transmission, with a focus on the establishment and regulation of acetylcholine receptors...
  16. Modeling schizophrenia gamma deficits using cell-specific RNAi knockdown of GAD67
    RITCHIE EDWARD BROWN; Fiscal Year: 2012
    ..mice to test whether a reduction in GAD67 specifically in PV-Pos neurons is a key event causing cortical circuitry deficits leading to reduced in vitro gamma (30-80 Hz) oscillations due to altered inhibitory synaptic transmission.
  17. Sex Differences in the Cannabioid Regulation of Energy Homeostasis
    Edward J Wagner; Fiscal Year: 2013
    ..Cannabinoid regulation of energy homeostasis and synaptic transmission onto appetite-suppressing POMC neurons will be studied using a guinea pig animal model...
  18. Kynurenic Acid Synthesis in Mouse Brain
    Jianyong Li; Fiscal Year: 2010
    ..In mammalian brains, glutamate-mediated neurotransmission is responsible for basal excitatory synaptic transmission and many forms of neuroplastic responses...
  19. Synaptic autoimmunity in disorders of memory, behavior, cognition and psychosis
    Josep Dalmau; Fiscal Year: 2010
    ..against the NR1 subunit of the NMDA receptor, a glutamate receptor that plays important roles in synaptic transmission and plasticity...
  20. Subunit dependent properties of kainate receptors
    David D Mott; Fiscal Year: 2013
    Kainate receptors are glutamate-gated ion channels that mediate synaptic transmission and regulate cellular excitability in the central nervous system...
  21. Modulation of subcortical visual information processing
    CHARLES LEROY COX; Fiscal Year: 2012
    ..neuropeptides (vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), substance P (SP), and cholecystokinin (CCK)) on synaptic transmission in thalamocortical circuits...
  22. Neuroplasticity with alcohol dependence
    Scott C Steffensen; Fiscal Year: 2013
    ..characterized electrophysiologically: 1) We will evaluate spontaneous and evoked inhibitory and excitatory synaptic transmission, paired-pulse responses, total charge transfer, AMPAR/NMDAR ratio and AMPA rectification index using patch ..
  23. The role of trace metals and T-channels in pain
    Slobodan M Todorovic; Fiscal Year: 2013
    ..2 T-channels in supporting spontaneous excitatory synaptic transmission in nociceptive neurons of superficial lamina of the spinal cord dorsal horn (DH)...
  24. Molecular mechanism of regulation of mI(CAT) in intestinal smooth muscle cells
    Michael X Zhu; Fiscal Year: 2012
    ..TRPC4 and related TRPC5 channels are known to involve in functions such as vasoconstriction/relaxation, synaptic transmission, neurite outgrowth/neural development, and learning...
  25. Determinants of developing efferent synapses in the mammalian cochlea
    ISABELLE CATHERINA ROUX; Fiscal Year: 2013
    ..To test if the nicotine-sensitive nAChR is involved in efferent synaptic transmission, we will measure whether efferent synaptic currents are partially mediated through this receptor and we ..
  26. 2010 and 2012 Membrane Transport Proteins
    Robert H Edwards; Fiscal Year: 2012
    ..to physiologically important processes from nutrient absorption to nitrogen metabolism, renal function and synaptic transmission, but also play a key role in many human diseases from cancer to mental illness...
  27. Investigation of Anaphase Promoting Complex function in synaptic transmission
    Jennifer Kowalski; Fiscal Year: 2012
    ..signaling system, which promotes regulated protein degradation, is essential for synapse development and synaptic transmission. Hundreds of enzymes exist that have the ability to add or remove ubiquitin polypeptides from proteins...
  28. Central TRPV1 in Cardiovascular Regulation
    MICHAEL CHRISTIAN ANDRESEN; Fiscal Year: 2013
    ..in cranial primary afferents within the solitary tract nucleus (NTS) control a newly discovered form of synaptic transmission - TRPV1 mediated asynchronous glutamate transmission...
  29. The Role of Intracellular Metabotropic Glutamate Receptor 5 at the Synapse
    CAROLYN ANN PURGERT; Fiscal Year: 2012
    ..receptor 5 (mGluR5) plays an important role throughout the CNS in modulating neuronal activity and synaptic transmission. Dysfunction of mGluR5 is implicated in a variety of neurological problems including anxiety, seizures, ..
  30. Astrocyte Function and Temporal Lobe Epilepsy
    JAY ROBERT VARGAS; Fiscal Year: 2010
    ..However, this glial cell type has also been shown to actively modify synaptic transmission by secreting a number of signaling molecules...
  31. Hybrid atomic force-optical imaging system to investigate prenatal nicotine
    Jeffrey Potts; Fiscal Year: 2009
    ..We propose to use this hybrid imaging system to determine whether prenatal nicotine alters synaptic transmission in central respiratory circuits responsible for generating breathing rhythms. The specific aims are: 1...
  32. Modulation of subcortical visual information processing
    Charles Cox; Fiscal Year: 2009
    ..these neuropeptides (vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), substance P (SP), and cholecystokinin (CCK)) on synaptic transmission in thalamocortical circuits...
  33. Molecular mechanisms of auditory nAChR synapse assembly
    Michele H Jacob; Fiscal Year: 2013
    ..unreadable]9/10-containing nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) mediate synaptic transmission in hair cells...
  34. Dendritic Spines on AgRP Neurons as Communication Hubs Controlling Feeding
    Dong Kong; Fiscal Year: 2013
    ..This is unfortunate because defective synaptic transmission on these neurons could also contribute to eating disorders...
  35. ALTERED SENSIBILITY FOLLOWING PERIPHERAL NERVE DAMAGE
    Clifford J Woolf; Fiscal Year: 2013
    ..contribute to neuropathic pain by increasing the excitability of the injured neurons and by altering their synaptic transmission and connectivity in the dorsal horn of the spinal cord...
  36. Indicators of early neurodegeneration: gene-toxin interactions at the syanpse
    Felix E Schweizer; Fiscal Year: 2010
    ..toxins such as pesticides that are implicated in Parkinson's disease (PD) rapidly affect synaptic transmission and synaptic plasticity...
  37. Transport and Inhibition in a Biogenic Amine Transporter
    SATINDER KAUR SINGH; Fiscal Year: 2012
    ..sodium symporters (NSS) are integral membrane proteins that play a critical role in terminating synaptic transmission and, thus, in shaping the duration and magnitude of synaptic signaling...
  38. Transport and Inhibition in a Biogenic Amine Transporter
    Satinder Singh; Fiscal Year: 2009
    ..sodium symporters (NSS) are integral membrane proteins that play a critical role in terminating synaptic transmission and, thus, in shaping the duration and magnitude of synaptic signaling...
  39. The Role of Sam68 in Synaptic Transmission and Plasticity
    Matthew Klein; Fiscal Year: 2013
    ..by applicant): The goal of this project is to describe a novel role for the RNA-binding protein Sam68 in synaptic transmission and plasticity...
  40. Gastrointestinal Smooth Muscle in Health &Disease
    Joseph H Szurszewski; Fiscal Year: 2012
    ..ganglia and that it regulates the excitability of circular smooth muscle cells and the excitability and synaptic transmission of myenteric ganglion neurons and prevertebral ganglion neurons...
  41. TrkB Agonist(s), a Potential Therapy for Autism Spectrum Disorders
    Yi Eve Sun; Fiscal Year: 2010
    ..Although ASD is a multi-factorial disease, it is postulated that an imbalance of excitatory and inhibitory synaptic transmission (E/I imbalance) may underlie the core pathophysiology of the disorder...
  42. Defining the epitope in antiNMDA receptor encephalitis
    DAVID ROBINSON LYNCH; Fiscal Year: 2010
    ..Glutamate, the major excitatory transmitter in the central nervous system, is crucial not only for synaptic transmission but also for long-term neuronal changes such as synaptic plasticity and control of gene expression...
  43. Neuronal-Astrocytic Communication In Vivo
    KEN DOUGLAS MCCARTHY; Fiscal Year: 2013
    ..Over the past decade evidence has accumulated strongly suggesting that astrocytes participate in synaptic transmission through their release of gliotransmitters, leading to the concept of the tripartite synapse...
  44. MOLECULAR MECHANISMS OF AXONAL TRANSPORT
    SCOTT THOMAS BRADY; Fiscal Year: 2011
    ..Changes in delivery of critical cargos by FAT can affect neuronal functions that include synaptic transmission, action potentials and neurotrophin supply...
  45. Mechanism of action of novel GluN2C NMDA receptor potentiators
    Alpa Khatri; Fiscal Year: 2013
    ..hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA), kainate, and delta receptors, mediate the excitatory synaptic transmission in the central nervous system...
  46. The role of Usp 14 in regulating neuronal function
    SCOTT MICHAEL WILSON; Fiscal Year: 2013
    ..function of Usp14 on the proteasome and determine if it is required for development and synaptic transmission at the NMJ...
  47. PDZ DOMAINS AND AMPA RECEPTOR FUNCTION
    Richard L Huganir; Fiscal Year: 2013
    ..by applicant): The targeting of neurotransmitter receptors to synapses is essential for efficient synaptic transmission and plays an important role in the regulation of synaptic plasticity in the brain...
  48. Acute Estradiol Regulation of Excitatory Synapses in the Hippocampus
    Catherine S Woolley; Fiscal Year: 2013
    ..Previous studies of acute E2 actions in the hippocampus have concentrated on the postsynaptic elements of synaptic transmission. We recently discovered that E2 acutely potentiates hippocampal excitatory synaptic transmission through ..
  49. SYNAPTIC MECHANISMS OF GENERAL ANESTHETIC ACTION
    Hugh C Hemmings; Fiscal Year: 2013
    ..Anesthetics have potent and specific effects on synaptic transmission, including both presynaptic actions on the release of neurotransmitters and postsynaptic actions on ..
  50. Kainate receptor signaling in striatal synaptic function and plasticity
    John Marshall; Fiscal Year: 2012
    ..being highly expressed in the striatum, it is not known how kainate receptors contribute to striatal synaptic transmission and plasticity, and therefore to the overall regulation of the striatal circut...
  51. Platelet Activating Factor, Synaptic Failure &NeuroAIDS
    Harris A Gelbard; Fiscal Year: 2013
    ..the role of the phospholipid mediator platelet activating factor (PAF) in normal and pathologic synaptic transmission as a key molecule involved in the neuropathogenesis of HAND...
  52. Sex Differences in Acute Estradiol Regulation of the Synaptic Proteome
    Catherine S Woolley; Fiscal Year: 2013
    ..Third, we have found that E2 and ER[unreadable] agonists have differential effects on synaptic transmission in the hippocampus of males and females with the same time course as their effects on anxietylike behavior ..
  53. Molecular roles in active and passive mechanics in cochlear hair bundles
    ANTHONY WEI PENG; Fiscal Year: 2013
    ..transduction (MET) process in the hair bundle of sensory hair cells;this electrical signal drives synaptic transmission resultin in information traveling to the brain. Failures in this process lead to hearing loss and deafness...
  54. Computational and Functional Characterization of the Molecular Steps in Membran*
    J Troy Littleton; Fiscal Year: 2013
    ..Intellectual merit: At the cellular level, learning and memory are governed by changes in the efficacy of synaptic transmission and in particular, by the dynamic regulation of neuronal transmitter release...
  55. Rapid-onset Dystonia Parkinsonism (DYT12 Dystonia): Pathophysiology &Atp1a3 Mice
    Yuqing Li; Fiscal Year: 2011
    ..especially in the basal ganglia, dopaminergic modulation, and in the cortex and striatum may have altered synaptic transmission and plasticity, ultimately affecting motor control and posture...
  56. Characterization of Striatal Nitric Oxide Signaling
    Anthony West; Fiscal Year: 2009
    ..parent grant is that striatal nitric oxide signaling increases the responsiveness of MSNs to excitatory synaptic transmission largely via activation of sGC-cGMP signaling...
  57. PRESERVATION OF TIMING IN PLASTIC AUDITORY PATHWAYS
    HENRIQUE PRADO VON GERSDORFF; Fiscal Year: 2013
    ..We propose here to study fundamental aspects of synaptic transmission from auditory hair cells in the adult bullfrog amphibian papilla...
  58. Appetite: Serotonin and corticotropin releasing factor
    SuJean Choi; Fiscal Year: 2012
    ..In our experimental design, we will utilize fenfluramine (FEN), a drug that strongly promotes 5HT synaptic transmission. Central and systemic FEN administration will be used to assess PVN CRF mRNA expression in rats pre-..
  59. Investigating readout of cerebellar synchrony in delay eyeblink conditioning
    ALEXANDER D KLOTH; Fiscal Year: 2013
    ..Mouse models of cerebellum have previously allowed the investigation of development and synaptic transmission deficits in vitro;development of behavioral paradigms to accompany these mouse models would allow the ..
  60. Mitochondrial Fission in Huntington's Disease
    ELLA R BOSSY-WETZEL; Fiscal Year: 2013
    ..Neurons depend on mitochondria to provide energy to fuel specialized processes, e.g., synaptic transmission, channel activity, and axonal transport...
  61. Intrinsic plasticity and information storage in cerebellar Purkinje cells
    CHRISTIAN ROBERT HANSEL; Fiscal Year: 2012
    ..it is widely believed that learning and memory are mediated by long-term alterations in the efficacy of synaptic transmission, such as long-term potentiation (LTP) and long-term depression (LTD)...
  62. PRESYNAPTIC LONG-TERM SYNAPTIC DEPRESSION
    Patric K Stanton; Fiscal Year: 2012
    ..Long-term potentiation (LTP) of synaptic transmission has been heavily studied, long-term depression (LTD) of synapse strength much less so...
  63. Neuroligin Regulation of Central GABAergic Synapses
    Zhanyan Fu; Fiscal Year: 2010
    ..The goal of this R03 proposal is to identify molecular mechanisms underlying the regulation of inhibitory synaptic transmission by the cell adhesion molecule (CAM) neuroligin 2 (NL2)...
  64. CELLULAR MECHANISMS OF THE VESTIBULAR SYSTEM
    Jay Goldberg; Fiscal Year: 2009
    Project Summary/Abstract This is a continuing investigation of synaptic transmission in vestibular organs with particular emphasis on the type I hair cell and its calyx ending, phylogenetically recent acquisitions, only found in reptiles,..
  65. Glycolysis and Glutamate Storage into Synaptic Vesicles
    Tetsufumi Ueda; Fiscal Year: 2010
    Glucose metabolism is of vital importance in maintaining proper synaptic transmission and brain function...
  66. The effects of alcohol on cerebellar synaotic transmission and plasticity
    CHRISTIAN ROBERT HANSEL; Fiscal Year: 2010
    ..Alcohol is known to interfere with synaptic transmission and plasticity, but acute alcohol effects on cerebellar synaptic plasticity have not been studied so far, ..
  67. REGULATION OF SYNAPTIC TRANSMISSION
    Robert Zucker; Fiscal Year: 2002
    DESCRIPTION: (Applicant's Abstract) This project concerns the mechanisms for regulating the strength of synaptic transmission. Various forms of synaptic plasticity will be studied, including facilitation, augmentation, post-tetanic ..
  68. Oxytocin enhances afferent synaptic transmission within the NTS.
    JAMES PETERS; Fiscal Year: 2009
    ..My global hypothesis is that oxytocin enhances the baroreflex by facilitating baroreceptor afferent synaptic transmission within NTS...
  69. LONG-TERM DEPRESSION IN THE ADULT HIPPOCAMPUS
    THOMAS O DELL; Fiscal Year: 1999
    ..Long-term potentiation, a persistent enhancement of synaptic transmission that occurs at these synapses, is currently a leading candidate for a cellular mechanism involved in ..
  70. Defining the roles of Metals in Synaptic transmission
    Alan Kay; Fiscal Year: 2007
    ..For some time Zn has been thought to be released during the course of synaptic transmission and act as a neuromodulator...
  71. MOLECULAR INSIGHTS INTO CALCIUM REGULATED SECRETION
    LISA ELFERINK; Fiscal Year: 1999
    In the nervous system, the primary mode of communication between neurons and their target cells (synaptic transmission), occurs when calcium stimulates the fusion of neurotransmitter-filled vesicles with the plasma membrane...
  72. MECHANISMS OF SLOW SYNAPTIC EXCITATION IN ENTERIC NERVES
    James Galligan; Fiscal Year: 1999
    Slow excitatory synaptic transmission is a mechanism of neural communication in the enteric nervous system and is likely to participate in the regulation of gut motility...
  73. Frequency Dependence of Excitatory Synaptic Transmission
    LYNN DOBRUNZ; Fiscal Year: 2009
    Inhibitory synaptic transmission provided by inhibitory interneurons is essential both for the functioning of neuronal circuits and for normal brain development...
  74. MECHANISMS OF SYNAPTIC MODULATION IN SYMPATHETIC NEURONS
    Mark Simmons; Fiscal Year: 2000
    DESCRIPTION The nervous system operates by conducting impulses from one neuron to another by synaptic transmission. The essential events in synaptic transmission are the release of neurotransmitter from a presynaptic neuron and the ..