sclera

..To compare the effect on intraocular pressure (IOP) of large vs small scleral flap size during trabeculectomy using adjustable sutures...

..This study does not support the hypothesis that a thin CCT is a surrogate marker for abnormal scleral or laminar thickness as an independent cause of increased glaucoma risk...

..The scleral spur contains axons that innervate scleral spur cells or that have the ultrastructural characteristics of mechanosensory nerve endings...

..studies in tree shrews (Tupaia glis belangeri) suggest that regulation of the mechanical properties of the sclera may be an important part of the mechanism that controls the axial elongation rate in this mammal...

The sclera has a collagen-rich extracellular matrix that undergoes significant biochemical and biomechanical remodeling during myopic eye growth...

..The sclera synthesizes and secretes TGFBIp, which may function to facilitate scleral ECM remodeling events associated with ..

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..To evaluate the visual and structural outcomes of scleral patch grafting in cases of scleral defect...

..During negative lens compensation, the scleral extracellular matrix is remodeled. A biomechanical property of the sclera, creep rate, increases; during recovery from induced myopia, the creep rate decreases below normal levels...

To evaluate the results of surgical management of scleral defects using fascia lata, cornea, and sclera as graft materials.

..To investigate the role of scleral creep in the axial elongation of chick and tree shrew eyes with induced myopia...

..To test the hypothesis that trabecular meshwork endothelial cells (TMEs) increase the permeability of Schlemm's canal endothelial cells (SCEs) by actively releasing ligands that modulate the barrier properties of SCEs...

..input factors that had the largest influence across all outcome measures were, in ranked order: stiffness of the sclera, radius of the eye, stiffness of the lamina cribrosa, IOP, and thickness of the scleral shell...

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..Glucagon may signal the sign of defocus. Do insulin (or IGF-1) and glucagon act oppositely in controlling eye growth, as they do in metabolic pathways and in control of retinal neurogenesis?..

..To evaluate whether intravitreal fluocinolone acetonide (FA) implantation (Retisert) leads to scleral thinning...

..CONCLUSION: This technique eliminates intraocular knots, minimizes operating time with an open globe, and provides excellent lens centration in the absence of capsular support...

To examine a potential correlation between a thin cornea, a thin lamina cribrosa and a thin peripapillary sclera in normal eyes of Chinese, as surrogate for a presumed association between a thin cornea and an increased glaucoma ..

..To assess the correlation between central corneal thickness (CCT) and anterior scleral thickness (ST) in patients of primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG), normal tension glaucoma (NTG), and ocular hypertension (OHT)...

..To measure scleral thickness in patients with and without uveal effusion syndrome using ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)...

PURPOSE: To evaluate the long-term results and complications after bare sclera pterygium excision with local application of mitomycin C and consecutive smoothing of the wound area with an excimer laser (PTK)...

..To assess the correlation between central corneal thickness (CCT) and anterior scleral thickness (AST) in Korean patients with normal tension glaucoma (NTG) and primary open angle glaucoma (POAG)...

..To study the outcome of transscleral ciliary sulcus fixated posterior chamber intraocular lenses (transscleral fixation of PC IOLs) at 10 years after surgery...

To investigate the age-related differences in the inhomogeneous, anisotropic, nonlinear biomechanical properties of posterior sclera from old (22.9 +/- 5.3 years) and young (1.5 +/- 0.7 years) rhesus monkeys.

The posterior sclera likely plays an important role in the development of glaucoma, and accurate characterization of its mechanical properties is needed to understand its impact on the more delicate optic nerve head--the primary site of ..

..High myopia and subluxated lenses may be treatable long-term with a scleral-fixated CTR and foldable IOL implantation; further evaluation of PCO is necessary...

..three-dimensionally the anterior and posterior surfaces of the lamina cribrosa, scleral flange, and peripapillary sclera, to determine the position and thickness of these structures within digital three-dimensional (3-D) ..

..Precise determination of small differences in visual outcome or complication rates will require a large prospective, randomized clinical trial...

The sclera is the white outer shell and principal load-bearing tissue of the eye as it sustains the intraocular pressure...

..To compare ab interno and ab externo scleral fixation of posterior chamber intraocular lenses (PC IOLs) using ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM) to determine the centration of IOL optic and the position of the haptics in relation to the sulcus...

..834, P =.659). CONCLUSIONS: Clinically significant IOL tilt or decentration was rare after transscleral implantation. There were no differences in tilt or decentration between primary and secondary implantation...

..To describe the vision-correcting and therapeutic benefits of gas-permeable scleral contact lenses (GP-ScCL) in the management of irregular corneal surface disorders and ocular surface diseases...

..to determine the variation in thickness and biomechanical properties between the different regions of the human sclera. Thickness measurements were carried out along eight meridian lines extending from the posterior pole to limbus in ..

..The time constants of these signals were measured indirectly by measuring the magnitude of lens compensation in refractive error and ocular dimensions as a function of the duration of episodes and the intervals between the episodes...

..We examined BMP-2 expression in human scleral fibroblasts (HSF) and assessed the effects of recombinant human BMP-2 (rhBMP-2) on HSF proliferation, matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2), and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-2 (TIMP-2)...

..METHODS: A prospective study of eight eyes (eight patients) was performed. We grafted glycerin-preserved sclera onto the areas of scleral thinning with impending perforation and then covered them with an amniotic membrane with ..

..The retinal thickness decreased from 423 microm to 211 microm based on ocular coherence tomography. CONCLUSIONS: This case demonstrates that long-term hypotony maculopathy is reversible both functionally and structurally...

..Large differences in the dimensions of the sclera, the principal load-bearing tissue of the eye, have been observed between individuals...

..Further studies and longer follow-up are necessary for the evaluation of the efficacy of this technique...

..To measure laminar and peripapillary scleral architecture in normal and glaucomatous Chinese eyes with normal and those with elongated axial length...

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To test the hypothesis that changes in the viscoelastic material properties of peripapillary sclera are present within monkey eyes at the onset of early experimental glaucoma detected by confocal scanning laser tomography (CSLT).

..CONCLUSION: Bleb revision with scleral patch graft is effective for treating late-onset bleb complications, resulting in improvement in visual acuity and resolution of hypotonous maculopathy, bleb leaks, and dysesthesia...

To investigate changes in protein profiles of posterior sclera in guinea pigs during development of form deprivation myopia and recovery.

..To determine if the Boston Scleral Lens Prosthetic Device (BSLPD) reduces symptoms and improves quality of life in patients with severe dry eye from chronic graft-versus-host disease (cGvHD)...

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To increase our understanding of the mechanisms that remodel the sclera during the development of lens-induced myopia, when the sclera responds to putative "go" signals of retinal origin, and during recovery from lens-induced ..

..The effects of such manipulations have generally been examined in neonatal or juvenile animals. Whether adolescent common marmosets (a new world primate) are susceptible to form deprivation myopia was studied...

..To evaluate the long-term results of Erbium YAG-laser-assisted deep sclerectomy (DS). In this procedure, the delicate dissection of a deep corneoscleral lamella is greatly simplified by using the Erbium YAG-laser...

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..Actually, while some cases are challenging, many are straightforward. This review summarizes indications for therapeutic use of ScCLs and describes techniques and considerations that contribute to their clinical success...

..Thickness over the whole sclera was 670 +/- 80 microm (mean +/- SD; range: 564 microm-832 microm) over the 11 eyes...

..CONCLUSIONS: ScCLs continue to play a significant role in the management of corneal abnormalities, especially PCE, corneal transplant, and OSD. The great majority of lenses in use were nonventilated RGP designs...

..These visually-driven changes in scleral biochemistry are placed in the context of both the emmetropisation process and the abnormal enlargement of the eye that is characteristic of human high myopia...

..To determine the biomechanical deformation of the cornea resulting from tissue cutting and removal by use of a new computational model and to investigate the effect of mechanical anisotrophy resulting from the fibrillar architecture...

..To investigate the comparative efficacy and safety of deep sclerectomy with and without intraoperative mitomycin C (MMC) application for lowering the intraocular pressure (IOP)...

..To examine the effect of induced myopia on scleral myofibroblast populations and in vivo ocular biomechanical compliance...

..To discuss potential pathogeneses and treatments...

..The present study was undertaken to examine the relationship between choroidal permeability and scleral glycosaminoglycan synthesis rates during the development of and recovery from form deprivation myopia...

..The present study was designed to describe the chemical nature of lumican core protein in the aging human sclera.

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..The apparent permeability constants (Ktrans) of human sclera for 3H-dexamethasone in BSS plus, fibrin sealant and F-127 gel were 11.5 x 10(-6), 7.3 x 10(-6), and 1...

..To investigate the effectiveness of various implants used in experimental deep sclerectomy and to report tissue reactions developed to these implants histopathologically...

..with adenosine receptor antagonists has been reported to affect the biochemistry and ultrastructure of rabbit sclera. This study was conducted to determine whether adenosine receptors (ADORs) are present in human scleral ..

..CONCLUSIONS: The sclera and RPE were permeable in vitro, ex vivo, and in vivo to PEDF and ovalbumin proteins...

..MMP-2) and decreased amounts of tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase-2 (TIMP-2) in the fibrous sclera of both chicks and tree shrews...

The scornea and sclera have been shown to exhibit circadian rhythms in cellular proliferation, wound healing and extracellular matrix synthesis...

..To investigate the relation between myopia and variations in three genes coding for matrix metalloproteinases, enzymes that degrade matrix proteins and modulate scleral extensibility...

PURPOSE: To evaluate the effects of intraocular pressure on the permeability of the human sclera to high-molecular-weight compounds...

The development of extraocular orbital structures, in particular the choroid and sclera, is regulated by a complex series of interactions between neuroectoderm, neural crest and mesoderm derivatives, although in many instances the signals ..

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An in vitro inflation test method was developed to characterize the mechanical behavior of the bovine posterior sclera. The method used digital image correlation to provide a spatially resolved, full-field deformation map of the surface ..

..changes and the losses in scleral tissue that have previously been reported in animal models were investigated to determine the relationship between changes in collagen fibril architecture and thinning of the sclera in high myopia.

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..This implantable scleral plug was supposed to be advantageous for diseases such as cytomegalovirus retinitis that respond to repeated intravitreal injections and for vitreoretinal disorders that require vitrectomy...

..or sclerectomy, many observers have found abnormal accumulation of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) in nanophthalmic sclera. These GAG abnormalities were thought to effect the collagen changes, though it was not clear which GAGs were ..

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..Late subluxation of a sutured IOL may occur several years after implantation. Double fixation and thicker sutures should be considered, especially in young patients...

..After irrigation with 40 ml saline, we allowed further diffusion of MMC in the sclera for 1, 5, 14 and 29 min until the specimens were further processed...

..Other demographics such as gender, race, type of glaucoma, previous surgery, antimetabolite used for the initial trabeculectomy, and lens status were also not predictive for success...

..To evaluate the results of a protocol described for mitomycin C (MMC) use in trabeculectomy or combined surgery (phacoemulsification and trabeculectomy)...

..Repeated transscleral cyclophotocoagulation procedures should be performed cautiously in patients who have had previous trabeculectomy...

..To compare the surgically induced corneal astigmatism after unsutured temporal and nasal unsutured limbal tunnel incisions...

..Phacotrabeculectomy with postoperative 5-FU had a lower surgical success rate than did trabeculectomy with 5-FU and this was not statistically different from trabeculectomy without 5-FU...

..To evaluate by ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM) the anatomical characteristics and the intraocular pressure (IOP) lowering mechanisms of deep sclerectomy after long-term follow-up...

..However, patients should be aware of the postoperative possibility of requiring medical or surgical intervention for IOP control after revision...

..The outcome of this procedure compares favorably with previously reported revision techniques...

..Ultrasound biomicroscopy revealed a full thickness sclerostomy. This report suggests that inadvertent sclerostomy may present with encysted bleb months after trans-scleral contact diode laser cyclophotocoagulation...

..The procedure is effective and safe in patients with repeat trabeculectomy...

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..CONCLUSION: No significant difference was seen in overall success or complication between subconjunctival and intrascleral application of MMC-augmented trabeculectomies in glaucomatous eyes at high risk of surgical failure...

..4%) of the PT group (p = 0.004). CONCLUSION: In this study, no statistically significant difference was found in the IOP and visual outcomes between PDS and PT. A significantly higher frequency of late bleb leaks after PT was observed...

..To evaluate the long-term safety and efficacy of a new technique using a modified cow-hitch knot for transscleral suture fixation of posterior chamber intraocular lenses (PC IOLs)...

..To present a complex surgical technique used for the management of luxated crystalline lenses and evaluate treatment results...

..The loose suturing of the scleral patch at its posterior border was found to prevent intraocular pressure spikes...

..The krypton laser was delivered by a fiberoptic probe with simultaneous compression of the sclera. The energy used was 3 to 5 J per application at the tip of the probe, with an exposure time of 10 seconds...

..01). CONCLUSION: Using an endoscope for transscleral sulcus suturing of an IOL can be an effective technique to reduce surgical complications, especially postoperative IOL dislocation...

..To describe the outcome of the use of fibrin adhesive (Quixil) in penetrating trabeculectomy in a rabbit model...

..This study was designed to prospectively compare a new technique of phaco-trabeculotomy plus deep sclerectomy (PDSTO) with standard phaco-trabeculectomy (PTE)...

..iii) nanoparticles suspended in the thermosensitive gel, using in vitro (ARPE-19 cell line) and ex vivo (isolated sclera and RPE-choroid-sclera) models (2) to synthesize ester-peptide (Valine-, Valine-Valine-, Glycine-Valine-, and ..

..iii) nanoparticles suspended in the thermosensitive gel, using in vitro (ARPE-19 cell line) and ex vivo (isolated sclera and RPE-choroid-sclera) models (2) to synthesize ester-peptide (Valine-, Valine-Valine-, Glycine-Valine-, and ..

..The implant will be driven wirelessly, with almost the entire bulk of the implant attached to the outer wall (sclera) of the eye...

..that originates in the retina, travels through the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) and choroid, and reaches the sclera (the fibrous outer coat of the eye); and 3) fibroblasts in the sclera which respond to the signaling cascade by ..

..that originates in the retina, travels through the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) and choroid, and reaches the sclera (the fibrous outer coat of the eye);and 3) fibroblasts in the sclera which respond to the signaling cascade by ..

..that originates in the retina, travels through the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) and choroid, and reaches the sclera (the fibrous outer coat of the eye);and 3) fibroblasts in the sclera which respond to the signaling cascade by ..

..that originates in the retina, travels through the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) and choroid, and reaches the sclera (the fibrous outer coat of the eye); and 3) fibroblasts in the sclera which respond to the signaling cascade by ..

..quantitate leukocyte rolling and arrest in 4 different human vascular beds: the limbus, conjuctiva, episclera, and sclera. With these three specific aims: Aim one, we propose to image rolling and sticking of leukocytes in four different ..

..biochemical, immunohistochemical and molecular methods to: (1) examine and compare all MP activities in cornea and sclera organ cultures; (2) determine if different proteolytic activities are a modification of the same enzyme or ..

..keratocytes, non-myelinating and myelinating Schwann cells, connective tissues of limbus, conjunctiva, choroid, sclera, eyelids, iris, lacrimal and other glands, and in birds, scleral ossicles...

..keratocytes, non-myelinating and myelinating Schwann cells, connective tissues of limbus, conjunctiva, choroid, sclera, eyelids, iris, lacrimal and other glands, and in birds, scleral ossicles...

..3) The instrument did not dissect more fibrotic tissue such as sclera and cornea. (4) Pointed microelectrodes were not able to coagulate tissue...

..will assess transscleral permeability for a series of prodrugs of celecoxib across various barriers including sclera-choroid-RPE...

..cues); 2) a signaling cascade from the retina, through the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) and choroid, to the sclera (the fibrous outer coat of the eye); and 3) fibroblasts in the sclera which respond to retinal signals by ..

..1) To determine if trans-sclera deliveries of angiostatin can reduce retinal vascular leakage in diabetic rats...

..Aim1.4 is to develop customized scleral lenses that sit stably on the sclera rather than cornea. Aim 1...

..retina, which detects the amount of defocus, 2) a signaling cascade from the retina, through the choroid to the sclera (the fibrous outer coat of the eye), and 3) fibroblasts in the sclera which respond to retinal signals by ..

..Because the outer shell of the eye (the sclera) is relatively impermeable to high molecular weight drugs, intraocular injection is the most widely used means to ..

..In this last study we will stimulate the retina through the sclera and address the question of how the perceived location of object is corrected for the direction of gaze...

..Elevated pressure increases the mechanical stress in the sclera and the support structures surrounding the optic nerve head including the lamina cribrosa...

..The sclera of the eye has been found to be permeable to a wide variety of compounds and may be a possible route for local ..

..Another characteristic of the disease is massive thickening of the choroid and sclera, which may be associated with a tendency of the eye to develop exudative retinal detachment, especially as a ..

..While it is clear that changes in the shape of the sclera produce myopia, the basis for this shape change is largely unknown...

..Over the next year, we will measure transport of fluorescently-labeled antibiotics across isolated cornea and sclera-conjuntiva in the presence and absence of our highest potency peptide, NC-1059, as well as several control ..

..to the axons that would cause this geometry is the portion of the optic nerve head that lies directly behind the sclera, because there the axons are organized into bundles with a topographic relationship to the retina...