ear ossicles

..skulls representing a wide range of taxa and aims at addressing several issues concerning the evolution of the ear ossicles in marsupials...

..To discussion the relationship of preoperative findings and ossicular condition in chronic suppurative otitis media...

..5% of the patients, so the columella on the foot plate method was most frequently used for ossiculoplasty, followed by the columella on the stapes method and the Wullstein type I method...

..To evaluate the predictive role of the audiometric Carhart's notch for the assessment of middle-ear pathology prior to surgical intervention...

..To analyse the anatomical and functional results after second-look ossiculoplasty using Titanium (TI) and Hydroxyapatite (HA) prosthesis and to study the prognostic factors for good functional results...

..The objective of this paper is to specify the indications, the results and the limits of pre- and postoperative imaging in COM...

..Seven out of sixteen canal wall down (43.7%) and three out seven canal wall up (42.9%) had a postoperative air-bone gap between 0 and 10 dB...

..More generally, we hypothesize that laser-Doppler vibrometry measurements of umbo velocity can give information about how differences in the impedance that the ossicles work against affect middle-ear function...

..To review the outcome in consecutive patients who have undergone complete epitympanic and mastoid obliteration and concurrent tympanic membrane reconstruction over a 53-month period...

..CONCLUSION: Immunohistochemical use of the MIB1 antibody is a simple technique that can help to determine the aggressiveness of a cholesteatoma...

..Otitis media is a frequent disease in childhood. Infections of ear in children depend on differences in anatomical structure. Clinical picture of otitis media is similar in all age groups...

..Defects of long process with external osteitis of incudes and more intense pathological changes demand their removal and use of other reconstructive materials for tympanoplasties in order to avoid tympanoplasty failure...

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..CONCLUSION: Hydroxyapatite with excellent physical and chemical properties and biological tolerance HA is a good material in ossiculoplasty, canaloplasty, mastoid obliteration, and other otological operations...

..To determine whether ossicular reconstruction (OCR) performed concurrent with tympanomastoidectomy for cholesteatoma results in significantly different hearing results when compared to OCR performed in a separate, staged procedure...

..The pre-operative 55.0 dB air-bone gap decreased immediately to 3.3 dB, widening after three years to 15.0 dB...

..To describe the advantages of using Mimix hydroxyapatite (HA) bone cement in reconstructing a variety of ossicular chain abnormalities...

..05). CONCLUSION: Bone cement ossiculoplasty offers cost effective and significant improvement in conductive hearing loss...

..To evaluate the usefulness of pure-tone audiometry, tympanometry, and liquid and acoustic reflex (AR) tests in the differential diagnosis of ossicular fixation and discontinuity...

..To describe the technique used for total ossiculoplasty with the Fisch titanium total prosthesis and evaluate the 1-year postoperative functional results in patients presenting with the stapes (or footplate) without the malleus handle...

..The authors believe that the tympano-ossicular allograft is the material of choice in extensively diseased middle ears destroyed by chronic otitis media with or without cholesteatoma...

..Ossiculoplasty is performed with a total ossicular replacement prosthesis positioned from the stapes footplate to the under-surface of the tympanic membrane, using a Silastic banding technique to stabilize the prosthesis...

..To analyze predictive factors of outcome after ossiculoplasty using a standard ossicular prosthesis system...

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..Digital volume tomography delivers a small radiation dose with a high resolution and a low purchase price for the equipment...

..To study the operative indications and treatment for adhesive otitis media (AOM)...

..The patient underwent postauricular tympanomastoidectomy with extended facial recess approach to remove the tumor. No evidence of recurrence and complications were noted...

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..2 kHz. It was concluded that there was no negative effect of using bone cement; however, there is also no reason to use bone cement in VSB users on a regular basis...

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..To highlight the clinical and histologic features of ossicular fixation produced by bone dust during mastoid surgery...

..With alloplastic total prostheses, 36% of patients have a postoperative air-bone gap of 0 to 10 dB, and 74% have a postoperative air-bone gap of 0 to 20 dB...

..The safety of the Otologics Fully-Implantable MET Ossicular Stimulator was assessed in adult patients with bilateral moderate to severe sensorineural hearing loss...

..We recomend long term follow-up in any patient with longitudinal temporal bone fracture with CT for any new otologic complaints...

..Some features of the frequency dependence of H(P(CAV) ) and H(WPD) can be interpreted in terms of a structure-based lumped-element acoustic model of the perforation and middle-ear cavities...

..To describe our improvements to staged canal wall up tympanoplasty with mastoidectomy (SCUT) for middle ear cholesteatoma, and to show more successful outcomes of the surgery compared with our data previously reported...

..Assessment of the efficacy of ossicular reconstruction using a cartilage-connecting hydroxyapatite prosthesis designed with a spearhead to reduce extrusion and dislocation of the implant...

..This study was conducted to discuss the etiologic factors, clinical-radiologic findings, and surgical outcomes in patients with traumatic ossicular pathology...

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..To examine indications for ossiculoplasty (OP) in aural atresia surgery and to compare audiometric results and surgical revision rates between patients undergoing OP and those undergoing intact native chain reconstruction (INCR)...

..Postoperative air-bone gaps (ABGs) followed up for 2.1-3.2 years gave satisfactory improvement audiometrically compared with former reports...

..To develop a valid animal model for otitis media with effusion (OME)...

..We conclude that there is a quantitative limit to increased mass on the ossicular chain above which the mass will remarkably impair hearing thresholds...

..To report the hearing results following type III cartilage "shield" tympanoplasty...

..The presence of a mixed type of hearing loss suggested a multifocal involvement of the audiologic system in RA...

..If preoperative information can be used to determine whether or not the ossicular chain is intact, the patient can be better informed and the surgeon can be better prepared before surgery...

..To determine what percentage of patients with otosclerosis could successfully undergo a laser stapedotomy minus prosthesis over a 5-year period, and to determine the percentage of patients in whom refixation develops during follow-up...

..Complete protection with a connective tissue graft is essential to avoid extrusion of the implant. The failure rate is significantly higher if otorrhea is present at the time of the operation...

..To compare the results of ossicular chain reconstruction using hydroxyapatite (HA) and titanium (TI) prostheses...

..The relationships of our findings to clinical findings (e.g., grade of bone destruction) were also studied...

..To assess the efficacy of a surgical technique, the temporary attic and posterior canal wall osteoplasty, in preventing cholesteatoma recurrence...

..In non-mammalian jawed vertebrates, the bones homologous to the mammalian middle ear ossicles compose the proximal jaw bones that form the jaw articulation (primary jaw joint)...

..Thus, the out-of-phase signal arriving through the bony pathways will be decreased, hence increasing the resultant sound intensity stimulating the cochlea...

..severe sensorineural hearing loss and normal middle ears, providing a mechanical direct stimulation of middle ear ossicles. Recently, it has been successfully used also in patients with conductive hearing loss...

..In addition, when the middle ear ossicles are allowed to develop in vitro under conditions that do not support further EAM development, the manubrium ..

..To report a case of a patient with otosclerosis of the incus...

b>Ear ossicles have thus far received little attention in biological anthropology. For the use of these bones as a source of biological information, it is important to know how reproducibly they can be measured...

..micro-CT) imaging, which is known to be a suitable method for imaging high-density tissue such as middle-ear ossicles and surrounding bones, is used in this study to determine the three-dimensional (3-D) morphometry of the soft ..

..Measurements were made on 60 fossils of whole or partial skulls, isolated tympanics, middle ear ossicles, and mandibles from all six archaeocete families...

To study the ontogenic development of the organisation of the human middle ear ossicles structure.

..canal and the surrounding mesenchyme to the auricular hillocks) and surrounding the primordia of the middle ear ossicles, and in the epithelium of the tubotympanic recess (the future tympanic cavity)...

..These preliminarily obtained outcomes may launch a new trend in otology dedicated to TE ossicle development to improve on the performance of current prosthetic replacements...

A monaural conductive hearing loss was induced by interrupting the chain of the middle ear ossicles on the right side in gerbils of four different age groups (P12-14, P20-21, P42 and P84)...

..as a rotation about a fixed axis whose location is determined by the anatomy and suspension of the middle ear ossicles. In a previous paper (1) we have shown that the mode of vibration is complex and varies with frequency...

..developed several malformations, including microtia, low set and dorsally placed outer ears, defective middle ear ossicles, short cochleas, defectively differentiated Meckel's cartilages, micrognathia, rudimentary malar bones, lateral ..

..semi-directional phonoreception, even in the absence of any pressure-to-displacement transducer such as ear ossicles. The endolymphatic (parietal) fossa, semicircular canals, and crista (macula) neglecta are all adapted toward ..

..otologic surgery (Cochlear implant fixation, repair of the tympanic chain, eustation tube obliteration and as ear ossicles), and oral and reconstructive surgery...

..No significant differences between measurement locations were found, and we found an average Young's modulus of 16+/-3 GPa...

..Phocids, however, have massive middle ear ossicles, and underwater hearing has radically shifted towards higher frequencies...

..absence of the upper portion of the helices, atresia of the external meati and absence of the middle ear ossicles, mildly down-slanting palpebral fissures and a highly arched palate with a submucous cleft...

..the mammalian medial superior olive and the avian nucleus laminaris, need to be questioned and that important insights may arise from unexpected directions, such as the paleontology of middle-ear ossicles. There is still much to discover.

..In embryos with mUPD12, the development of the neural crest-derived middle ear ossicles is defective...

..development and each mutant mouse displays intriguing facial abnormalities including those of middle ear ossicles, suggesting that both genes play roles in spatial programming of craniofacial regions...

..The acoustic-structural coupled FE analysis between the ear canal air column and middle ear ossicles was also conducted and the results revealed that the peak responses of both tympanic membrane and stapes ..

..There are many different prosthesis and techniques used to reconstruct the middle ear ossicles. However, precision in the surgical procedures and prostheses used for ossiculoplasty are still imperfect...

..The main function of the lateral wall of the attic, including the minimal PF, appears to be to protect the middle-ear ossicles and allow movement of the malleus.

..Hearing loss has long been known to be a complication of Paget's disease of bone. The aim of this study was to investigate Paget's disease of the temporal bone with special attention to hearing loss...

..importance in the coupling of the acoustic sound pressure in the external ear canal to the motion of the middle ear ossicles. A moiré shift interferometer was used to measure with great precision the shape of the external surface of ..

..Gsc and Prx1 are essential for tympanic ring development. While invaginating, the EAM controls skeletogenesis in the underlying mesenchyme to form the manubrium of the malleus, the link between the membrane and the middle ear ossicles.

..the other patient manifests mild conductive hearing loss resulting from bilaterally malformed middle ear ossicles, as well as a preauricular pit...

..The sensor is attached on the middle ear ossicles and measures the vibration transmitted from the tympanic membrane due to the sound in the ear canal...

..and study of radioactive sulphur uptake in the mouse embryo permit to characterize some factors of middle ear ossicles formation...

..may not be the initial factor that caused the separation of postdentary bones from the dentary as middle ear ossicles during mammalian evolution...

..target through intralipid solution, and conduct volumetric imaging of a mouse embryo and excised human middle-ear ossicles. Our results demonstrate that real-time subsurface imaging is possible with this miniature endoscopy technique.

..Here we show that by measuring relative spectral phases, this technology can additionally measure Doppler shifts. Doppler SEE is demonstrated in flowing Intralipid phantoms and vibrating middle ear ossicles.

..2. To determine whether systematic preservation of the ossicular chain in cholesteatoma surgery can be performed safely...

..To date, two reports have described isolated forms of congenital ossicular anomalies. Our findings suggest that isolated congenital anomalies can be inherited...

..5%); in 13 ears higher (32.5%). Four patterns (10%) were not classifiable. In Ménière's disease carriers the tympanometric patterns found with 678 Hz probe tone indicated the presence of a more rigid tympano-ossicular system...

..Further studies are under way to determine the osseointegrative capacity of Dahllite cement between the guinea pig malleus and a partial prosthesis, and any ototoxic effects with use in the middle ear...

..The present study was designed to elucidate the immunoreactivity and protein level of IL-17 in human cholesteatomas...

..CONCLUSION: Indications of a rising incidence of infectious middle ear disease in early medieval Denmark were found. This may reflect a deterioration of living conditions from the 11th through the 14th centuries...

..To assess the hearing changes associated with sacrificing an intact ossicular chain during cholesteatoma surgery...

..Evaluation of morphologic and functional long-term results of palisade cartilage tympanoplasty (PCT) combined with titanium ossicular replacement prostheses...

..The medical therapy in cases of sensoneural hearing loss with sodium fluoride is still controversially discussed...

..The aim was to define image quality and radiation exposure in the recently introduced 320-row CT of the temporal bone (tb) in comparison to a 16-row tb CT...

..To compare partial ossicular replacement (POR) with type II tympanoplasty (T2) with regard to the postoperative hearing outcomes in patients with congenital aural atresia...

..To examine the acoustic results over a long period of time, in patients who underwent ossiculoplasty with Plastipore, and to report the percentage of prosthesis extrusion and factors related to the prognosis...

..To assess malleus morphology to characterize optimal sites for prosthesis attachment in malleostapedotomy and to examine attachment, position, and depth of penetration in the vestibule of the 3 most used prostheses...

..It will also investigate the pathways for bone-conduction hearing and use bone conduction to define measures that better distinguish between middle-ear and inner- ear related hearing losses. ..

..1 will demonstrate feasibility of preparing hermetic ferromagnetic nanoparticles and attaching them to middle ear ossicles. Two different encapsulation technologies will be evaluated: 1) Thermal Plasma Deposition (TPD): rf-Inductive ..

..of four detailed investigations will be performed in order to (a) directly measure the motion of the middle ear ossicles in a "low-frequency" animal, the golden mole, in order to characterize the directional responses of the middle ..

..of four detailed investigations will be performed in order to (a) directly measure the motion of the middle ear ossicles in a "low-frequency" animal, the golden mole, in order to characterize the directional responses of the middle ..

..of five detailed investigations will be performed in order to a (a) directly measure the motion of the middle ear ossicles in amphibians in response to airborne sound, substrate-borne vibration and bimodal stimulation, and thus more ..

..Thus, the results will be essential for improving the diagnosis of OME, assessing surgical treatment for conductive hearing loss, and potentially improve the quality of life for millions of people. ..

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..We will quantify this muscle's effect on the acoustic properties of the middle ear and assess its potential as a site for CNS control of middle-ear transmission. ..

..The work proposed will better define the function of the normal and pathologic eardrum and can lead to improvements in reconstructing the eardrum. ..

..It will also investigate the pathways for bone-conduction hearing and use bone conduction to define measures that better distinguish between middle-ear and inner- ear related hearing losses. ..

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..We will focus on understanding the dimensions of neural activity that the brain could use in segregating and integrating simultaneous acoustic components from one or more sources. ..

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..These results will help in the development and evaluation of animal models for human hearing and help establish the comparative and evolutionary contexts within which the human sense of hearing can be better understood. ..

..These experiments may reveal a heretofore unrecognized component of the hearing loss seen in the elderly population. ..

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..A listener's ability to "localize" talkers, in perceptual space, is crucial to communication in environments where more than one person speaks simultaneously, such as dinner tables and bus stations. ..

..This work will both strengthen the research environment at Smith College and provide substantial research experiences for undergraduate students. ..