globus pallidus

Summary

Summary: The representation of the phylogenetically oldest part of the corpus striatum called the paleostriatum. It forms the smaller, more medial part of the lentiform nucleus.

Top Publications

  1. ncbi Synchronized neuronal discharge in the basal ganglia of parkinsonian patients is limited to oscillatory activity
    Ron Levy
    Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5S 1A8
    J Neurosci 22:2855-61. 2002
  2. ncbi [Surgery for Parkinson's disease]
    A Kaelin-Lang
    Zentrum für Bewegungsstörungen, Neurologische Klinik, Universitatsspital, Bern
    Ther Umsch 64:21-7. 2007
  3. ncbi Stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus changes the firing pattern of pallidal neurons
    Takao Hashimoto
    Department of Neurology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, USA
    J Neurosci 23:1916-23. 2003
  4. ncbi Dopamine regulates the impact of the cerebral cortex on the subthalamic nucleus-globus pallidus network
    P J Magill
    Medical Research Council Anatomical Neuropharmacology Unit, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TH, UK
    Neuroscience 106:313-30. 2001
  5. ncbi Effects of high-frequency stimulation in the internal globus pallidus on the activity of thalamic neurons in the awake monkey
    Marjorie E Anderson
    Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
    J Neurophysiol 89:1150-60. 2003
  6. ncbi Parkinsonian beta oscillations in the external globus pallidus and their relationship with subthalamic nucleus activity
    Nicolas Mallet
    Medical Research Council Anatomical Neuropharmacology Unit, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3TH, UK
    J Neurosci 28:14245-58. 2008
  7. ncbi Move to the rhythm: oscillations in the subthalamic nucleus-external globus pallidus network
    Mark D Bevan
    Dept of Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of Tennessee, Memphis 38163, USA
    Trends Neurosci 25:525-31. 2002
  8. ncbi Neural circuits containing pallidotegmental GABAergic neurons are involved in the prepulse inhibition of the startle reflex in mice
    Kenji Takahashi
    Laboratory of Neuropsychopharmacology, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
    Biol Psychiatry 62:148-57. 2007
  9. ncbi Deep brain stimulation of the globus pallidus internus in the parkinsonian primate: local entrainment and suppression of low-frequency oscillations
    Kevin W McCairn
    Department of Neurobiology, University of Pittsburgh, 4047 BST 3, 3501 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
    J Neurophysiol 101:1941-60. 2009
  10. ncbi Functional characterization of GABAergic pallidopallidal and striatopallidal synapses in the rat globus pallidus in vitro
    Robert E Sims
    Biomedical Sciences, School of Life and Health Sciences, Aston University, Aston Triangle, Birmingham B4 7ET, UK
    Eur J Neurosci 28:2401-8. 2008

Research Grants

  1. Basal Ganglia and Higher Cortical Function
    Peter L Strick; Fiscal Year: 2010
  2. Extrastriatal functions of dopamine
    THOMAS N WICHMANN; Fiscal Year: 2010
  3. Iron in the pathogenesis of Friedreich's ataxia
    ARNULF HANS WERNER KOEPPEN; Fiscal Year: 2010
  4. Basal Ganglia and Higher Cortical Function
    PETER STRICK; Fiscal Year: 2009
  5. Cortical connections with the limbic territory of the basal ganglia
    Michelle Morrow; Fiscal Year: 2007
  6. Molecular Mechanisms Controlling Formation of Basal Ganglia Circuitry
    KENNETH J CAMPBELL; Fiscal Year: 2010
  7. Cortical contributions to basal ganglia disorders
    PETER STRICK; Fiscal Year: 2006
  8. Dorsal Column Stimulation as a New Therapy for Motor Disorders
    Miguel A L Nicolelis; Fiscal Year: 2010
  9. NEUROCHEMICAL PHARMACOLOGY OF PHENCYCLIDINE
    Kenneth Johnson; Fiscal Year: 1993
  10. GABA RECEPTORS IN THE THALAMUS
    Yoland Smith; Fiscal Year: 2005

Detail Information

Publications190 found, 100 shown here

  1. ncbi Synchronized neuronal discharge in the basal ganglia of parkinsonian patients is limited to oscillatory activity
    Ron Levy
    Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5S 1A8
    J Neurosci 22:2855-61. 2002
    ..To examine this hypothesis, we looked for correlations in the discharge activity of pairs of neurons in the globus pallidus internus (GPi), globus pallidus externus (GPe), and the substantia nigra pars reticulata (SNr)...
  2. ncbi [Surgery for Parkinson's disease]
    A Kaelin-Lang
    Zentrum für Bewegungsstörungen, Neurologische Klinik, Universitatsspital, Bern
    Ther Umsch 64:21-7. 2007
    ..But DBS of the Globus pallidus internus and of the thalamus should still be considered in selected patients...
  3. ncbi Stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus changes the firing pattern of pallidal neurons
    Takao Hashimoto
    Department of Neurology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, USA
    J Neurosci 23:1916-23. 2003
    ..we investigated the effects of STN HFS on neuronal activity of the internal and external segment of the globus pallidus (GPi and GPe, respectively) in two rhesus monkeys rendered parkinsonian by administration of 1-methyl-4-..
  4. ncbi Dopamine regulates the impact of the cerebral cortex on the subthalamic nucleus-globus pallidus network
    P J Magill
    Medical Research Council Anatomical Neuropharmacology Unit, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TH, UK
    Neuroscience 106:313-30. 2001
    The subthalamic nucleus-globus pallidus network plays a central role in basal ganglia function and dysfunction...
  5. ncbi Effects of high-frequency stimulation in the internal globus pallidus on the activity of thalamic neurons in the awake monkey
    Marjorie E Anderson
    Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
    J Neurophysiol 89:1150-60. 2003
    The reduction in symptoms of Parkinson's disease produced by high-frequency stimulation (HFS) in the internal globus pallidus (GPi) has been proposed to be due to stimulus-induced inactivation of pallidal neurons and resulting ..
  6. ncbi Parkinsonian beta oscillations in the external globus pallidus and their relationship with subthalamic nucleus activity
    Nicolas Mallet
    Medical Research Council Anatomical Neuropharmacology Unit, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3TH, UK
    J Neurosci 28:14245-58. 2008
    ..network substrates underlying these exaggerated beta oscillations are unknown but activity in the external globus pallidus (GP), which forms a candidate pacemaker network with STN, might be of particular importance...
  7. ncbi Move to the rhythm: oscillations in the subthalamic nucleus-external globus pallidus network
    Mark D Bevan
    Dept of Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of Tennessee, Memphis 38163, USA
    Trends Neurosci 25:525-31. 2002
    ..processes at the levels of single neurons and neuronal networks in the subthalamic nucleus (STN) and external globus pallidus (GPe) are associated with the operation of the basal ganglia in health and in Parkinson's disease (PD)...
  8. ncbi Neural circuits containing pallidotegmental GABAergic neurons are involved in the prepulse inhibition of the startle reflex in mice
    Kenji Takahashi
    Laboratory of Neuropsychopharmacology, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
    Biol Psychiatry 62:148-57. 2007
    ..We attempted to clarify the neuronal circuits underlying the control of PPI of the startle reflex in mice...
  9. ncbi Deep brain stimulation of the globus pallidus internus in the parkinsonian primate: local entrainment and suppression of low-frequency oscillations
    Kevin W McCairn
    Department of Neurobiology, University of Pittsburgh, 4047 BST 3, 3501 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
    J Neurophysiol 101:1941-60. 2009
    ..seek to account for the therapeutic effects of high-frequency deep brain stimulation (DBS) of the internal globus pallidus (GPi) for medically intractable Parkinson's disease...
  10. ncbi Functional characterization of GABAergic pallidopallidal and striatopallidal synapses in the rat globus pallidus in vitro
    Robert E Sims
    Biomedical Sciences, School of Life and Health Sciences, Aston University, Aston Triangle, Birmingham B4 7ET, UK
    Eur J Neurosci 28:2401-8. 2008
    As a central integrator of basal ganglia function, the external segment of the globus pallidus (GP) plays a critical role in the control of voluntary movement...
  11. ncbi Testing basal ganglia motor functions through reversible inactivations in the posterior internal globus pallidus
    M Desmurget
    Department of Neurobiology, Center for the Neural Basis of Cognition, University of Pittsburgh, 3501 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
    J Neurophysiol 99:1057-76. 2008
    ..control, we examined the effects of muscimol-induced inactivations in the skeletomotor region of the internal globus pallidus (sGPi) on visually directed reaching...
  12. ncbi The globus pallidus sends reward-related signals to the lateral habenula
    Simon Hong
    Laboratory of Sensorimotor Research, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, 49 Convent Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
    Neuron 60:720-9. 2008
    As a major output station of the basal ganglia, the globus pallidus internal segment (GPi) projects to the thalamus and brainstem nuclei thereby controlling motor behavior...
  13. ncbi Firing patterns and correlations of spontaneous discharge of pallidal neurons in the normal and the tremulous 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine vervet model of parkinsonism
    A Raz
    Department of Physiology, The Hebrew University Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem, 91120, Israel
    J Neurosci 20:8559-71. 2000
    ..hand tremor and simultaneous activity of several neurons in the external and internal segments of the globus pallidus (GPe and GPi) in two vervet monkeys, before and after systemic treatment with 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-..
  14. ncbi Temporal and spatial alterations in GPi neuronal encoding might contribute to slow down movement in Parkinsonian monkeys
    Arthur Leblois
    Basal Gang, Laboratoire de Neurophysiologie, CNRS UMR 5543, Universite Victor Segalen, 146 rue Leo Saignat, 33076 Bordeaux Cedex, France
    Eur J Neurosci 24:1201-8. 2006
    ..been proposed that bradykinesia (motor slowness) is related either to a modification of the activity of the globus pallidus internalis (GPi), the main output structure, or to a loss of spatial selectivity of the extrapyramidal motor ..
  15. ncbi Morphological changes in serotoninergic neurites in the striatum and globus pallidus in levodopa primed MPTP treated common marmosets with dyskinesia
    Bai Yun Zeng
    NDRG, School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, King s College, London, UK
    Neurobiol Dis 40:599-607. 2010
    ..axon varicosities was noted in the dorsal caudate and putamen of MPTP-intoxicated monkeys but not the globus pallidus. In MPTP-intoxicated marmosets that had received chronic levodopa treatment to induce dyskinesia, a further ..
  16. ncbi Stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus compared with the globus pallidus internus in patients with Parkinson disease
    Antonella Peppe
    Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Fondazione Santa Lucia, Clinica Neurologica and Servizio di Neurofisiopatologia Policlinico, Universita Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
    J Neurosurg 101:195-200. 2004
    The authors compared the effects of deep brain stimulation (DBS) in the globus pallidus internus (GPi) with those in the subthalamic nucleus (STN) in patients with Parkinson disease (PD) in whom electrodes had been bilaterally implanted ..
  17. ncbi Short-term depression of synaptic transmission during stimulation in the globus pallidus of 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine-treated primates
    Yaara Erez
    Gonda Brain Research Center, Bar Ilan University, Ramat Gan 52900, Israel
    J Neurosci 29:7797-802. 2009
    High-frequency stimulation (HFS) in the globus pallidus is used to ameliorate clinical symptoms of Parkinson's disease, dystonia, and other disorders...
  18. ncbi Dopamine replacement therapy reverses abnormal synchronization of pallidal neurons in the 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine primate model of parkinsonism
    Gali Heimer
    Department of Physiology, the Interdisciplinary Center for Neural Computation and the Eric Roland Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, The Hebrew University Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem, 91120 Israel
    J Neurosci 22:7850-5. 2002
    ..After MPTP treatment, firing rates decreased in the external segment of the globus pallidus (GP(e)) and increased in the internal segment (GP(i))...
  19. ncbi A basal ganglia pacemaker formed by the subthalamic nucleus and external globus pallidus
    D Plenz
    Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of Tennessee, College of Medicine, Memphis 38163, USA
    Nature 400:677-82. 1999
    ..Here we show that the excitatory STN and inhibitory, external globus pallidus (GPe) form a feedback system that engages in synchronized bursting...
  20. ncbi Activity patterns in a model for the subthalamopallidal network of the basal ganglia
    D Terman
    Department of Mathematics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
    J Neurosci 22:2963-76. 2002
    ..a conductance-based computational network model of the subthalamic nucleus and the external segment of the globus pallidus in the indirect pathway of the basal ganglia...
  21. ncbi Effect of high-frequency stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus on the neuronal activities of the substantia nigra pars reticulata and ventrolateral nucleus of the thalamus in the rat
    A Benazzouz
    Laboratoire de Neurobiologie Preclinique, INSERM U 318, CHU Pavillon B, BP 217, 38043, Grenoble, France
    Neuroscience 99:289-95. 2000
    ..6-hydroxydopamine lesions of the substantia nigra pars compacta (90%) or with ibotenic acid lesions of the globus pallidus (79.5%)...
  22. ncbi Microstimulation-induced inhibition of neuronal firing in human globus pallidus
    J O Dostrovsky
    Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada
    J Neurophysiol 84:570-4. 2000
    ..PD) frequently employs chronic high-frequency deep brain stimulation (DBS) within the internal segment of globus pallidus (GPi) and can very effectively reduce L-dopa-induced dyskinesias and bradykinesia, but the mechanisms are ..
  23. ncbi Modeling facilitation and inhibition of competing motor programs in basal ganglia subthalamic nucleus-pallidal circuits
    Leonid L Rubchinsky
    Center for Neuroscience and Department of Neurology, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 100:14427-32. 2003
    ..The loss of this ability leads to hypokinesia, known PD motor deficits characterized by a slowness or inability to switch between motor programs...
  24. ncbi Short-term plasticity shapes the response to simulated normal and parkinsonian input patterns in the globus pallidus
    Jesse E Hanson
    Department of Biology, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, USA
    J Neurosci 22:5164-72. 2002
    ..To determine the role of STP in the subthalamic nucleus (STN) to globus pallidus (GP) connection, which has been suggested to underlie rhythmical bursting in Parkinson's disease, we first ..
  25. ncbi Subdyskinetic apomorphine responses in globus pallidus and subthalamus of parkinsonian patients: lack of clear evidence for the 'indirect pathway'
    A Stefani
    Clinica Neurologica, Univ. di Tor Vergata, P. le Umanesimo 10, 00144 Rome, Italy
    Clin Neurophysiol 113:91-100. 2002
    ....
  26. ncbi Effects of apomorphine on subthalamic nucleus and globus pallidus internus neurons in patients with Parkinson's disease
    R Levy
    Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada
    J Neurophysiol 86:249-60. 2001
    ..agonist, on the firing activity of neurons in the subthalamic nucleus (STN) and internal segment of the globus pallidus (GPi) in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD)...
  27. ncbi Globus pallidus internus deep brain stimulation for dystonic conditions: a prospective audit
    John Yianni
    Department of Neurological Surgery, The Radcliffe Infirmary, Oxford, United Kingdom
    Mov Disord 18:436-42. 2003
    In the current era of functional surgery for movement disorders, deep brain stimulation (DBS) of the globus pallidus internus (GPi) is emerging as the favoured target in the treatment of patients with dystonia...
  28. ncbi Chronic stimulation of the globus pallidus internus for treatment of non-dYT1 generalized dystonia and choreoathetosis: 2-year follow up
    Joachim K Krauss
    Department of Neurology, Inselspital, University of Berne, Switzerland
    J Neurosurg 98:785-92. 2003
    The authors studied the long-term efficacy of deep brain stimulation (DBS) of the posteroventral lateral globus pallidus internus up to 2 years postoperatively in patients with primary non-DYT1 generalized dystonia or choreoathetosis...
  29. ncbi Synaptically released GABA activates both pre- and postsynaptic GABA(B) receptors in the rat globus pallidus
    Katsuyuki Kaneda
    Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, College of Medicine, University of Tennessee, Memphis, TN 38163, USA
    J Neurophysiol 94:1104-14. 2005
    The globus pallidus (GP) contains abundant GABAergic synapses and GABA(B) receptors...
  30. ncbi Functional correlations between neighboring neurons in the primate globus pallidus are weak or nonexistent
    Izhar Bar-Gad
    Center for Neural Computation, The Hebrew University, Jerusalem 91120, Israel
    J Neurosci 23:4012-6. 2003
    ..basal ganglia displays topographical organization and massive funneling of neuronal projections toward the globus pallidus as well as an axonal collateral system within this nucleus...
  31. ncbi Neostriatal and globus pallidus stimulation induced inhibitory postsynaptic potentials in entopeduncular neurons in rat brain slice preparations
    H Kita
    Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, The University of Tennessee Memphis, 855 Monroe Avenue, Memphis, TN 38163, USA
    Neuroscience 105:871-9. 2001
    ..that the entopeduncular nucleus of the rat receives GABAergic inputs from both the neostriatum and the globus pallidus. The present study was undertaken to reveal the physiological features of these inputs using the ..
  32. ncbi Down-regulation of metabotropic glutamate receptor 1alpha in globus pallidus and substantia nigra of parkinsonian monkeys
    K Kaneda
    Department of System Neuroscience, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Neuroscience, Tokyo Metropolitan Organization for Medical Research, Fuchu, Tokyo 183-8526, Japan
    Eur J Neurosci 22:3241-54. 2005
    ..but not of other subtypes, was significantly reduced in the internal and external segments of the globus pallidus and the substantia nigra pars reticulata...
  33. ncbi The globus pallidus pars externa and Parkinson's disease. Ready for prime time?
    Jose A Obeso
    Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Clinica Universitaria and Medical School, and Neuroscience Centre, CIMA, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
    Exp Neurol 202:1-7. 2006
  34. ncbi Quantifying the neural elements activated and inhibited by globus pallidus deep brain stimulation
    Matthew D Johnson
    Department of Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, 9500 Euclid Avenue, ND20, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA
    J Neurophysiol 100:2549-63. 2008
    Deep brain stimulation (DBS) of the globus pallidus pars interna (GPi) is an effective therapy option for controlling the motor symptoms of medication-refractory Parkinson's disease and dystonia...
  35. ncbi HCN channelopathy in external globus pallidus neurons in models of Parkinson's disease
    C Savio Chan
    Department of Physiology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
    Nat Neurosci 14:85-92. 2011
    ..that is traceable to the emergence of synchronous, rhythmic spiking in neurons of the external segment of the globus pallidus (GPe). The origins of this pathophysiology are poorly defined for the generation of pacemaking...
  36. ncbi Neuronal activity in the primate globus pallidus during smooth pursuit eye movements
    Atsushi Yoshida
    Department of Physiology, Hokkaido University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
    Neuroreport 20:121-5. 2009
    ..To understand whether the basal ganglia, especially the globus pallidus (GP), could play roles in pursuit, we examined the firing of individual GP neurons when monkeys performed ..
  37. ncbi Cognition and mood in Parkinson's disease in subthalamic nucleus versus globus pallidus interna deep brain stimulation: the COMPARE trial
    Michael S Okun
    Movement Disorders Center, University of Florida, McKnight Brain Institute, College of Medicine, Department of Neurology, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
    Ann Neurol 65:586-95. 2009
    Our aim was to compare in a prospective blinded study the cognitive and mood effects of subthalamic nucleus (STN) vs. globus pallidus interna (GPi) deep brain stimulation (DBS) in Parkinson disease.
  38. ncbi Sparse but selective and potent synaptic transmission from the globus pallidus to the subthalamic nucleus
    Jerome Baufreton
    Department of Physiology, Northwestern University, 303 E Chicago Ave, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
    J Neurophysiol 102:532-45. 2009
    The reciprocally connected GABAergic globus pallidus (GP)-glutamatergic subthalamic nucleus (STN) network is critical for voluntary movement and an important site of dysfunction in movement disorders such as Parkinson's disease...
  39. ncbi The pharmacological blockade of medial forebrain bundle induces an acute pathological synchronization of the cortico-subthalamic nucleus-globus pallidus pathway
    Salvatore Galati
    Department of Neuroscience, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Roma, Italy
    J Physiol 587:4405-23. 2009
    ..Yet, in 6-hydroxydopamine-lesioned animals, the firing discharge of the globus pallidus (GP) and the substantia nigra reticulata are in phase with urethane-induced slow wave cortical activity...
  40. ncbi Somatotopic organization in the internal segment of the globus pallidus in Parkinson's disease
    Kenneth B Baker
    Department of Neurosciences, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
    Exp Neurol 222:219-25. 2010
    Ablation or deep brain stimulation in the internal segment of the globus pallidus (GPi) is an effective therapy for the treatment of Parkinson's disease (PD)...
  41. ncbi Phase response curve analysis of a full morphological globus pallidus neuron model reveals distinct perisomatic and dendritic modes of synaptic integration
    Nathan W Schultheiss
    Department of Biology, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, USA
    J Neurosci 30:2767-82. 2010
    Synchronization of globus pallidus (GP) neurons and cortically entrained oscillations between GP and other basal ganglia nuclei are key features of the pathophysiology of Parkinson's disease...
  42. ncbi Conditions for the generation of beta oscillations in the subthalamic nucleus-globus pallidus network
    Alejo J Nevado Holgado
    Department of Computer Science, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1UB, United Kingdom
    J Neurosci 30:12340-52. 2010
    ..observed in the basal ganglia arise due to interactions of two nuclei: the subthalamic nucleus (STN) and the globus pallidus pars externa (GPe)...
  43. ncbi Pallidal deep brain stimulation improves quality of life in segmental and generalized dystonia: results from a prospective, randomized sham-controlled trial
    Joerg Mueller
    Mov Disord 23:131-4. 2008
    ..The open-label extension phase resulted in a significant improvement in all SF-36 domains following 6 months of neurostimulation. These results demonstrate a favorable impact of DBS on HRQoL in primary dystonia...
  44. ncbi A single-cell analysis of intrinsic connectivity in the rat globus pallidus
    Ahmed R Sadek
    Medical Research Council Anatomical Neuropharmacology Unit, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3TH, United Kingdom
    J Neurosci 27:6352-62. 2007
    GABAergic neurons of the globus pallidus (GP) play critical roles in basal ganglia function by virtue of their widespread axonal projections to all parts of the basal ganglia. They also possess local axon collaterals...
  45. ncbi Globus pallidus internal segment
    Atsushi Nambu
    Division of System Neurophysiology, National Institute for Physiological Sciences, 38 Nishigo naka, Myodaiji, Okazaki 444 8585, Japan
    Prog Brain Res 160:135-50. 2007
    The internal segment of the globus pallidus (GP(i)) gathers many bits of information including movement-related activity from the striatum, external segment of the globus pallidus (GP(e)), and subthalamic nucleus (STN), and integrates ..
  46. ncbi Statistical properties of pauses of the high-frequency discharge neurons in the external segment of the globus pallidus
    Shlomo Elias
    Department of Physiology, The Hebrew University Hadassah Medical School, 91120 Jerusalem, Israel
    J Neurosci 27:2525-38. 2007
    The neurons of many basal ganglia nuclei, including the external and internal globus pallidus (GPe and GPi, respectively) and the substantia nigra pars reticulata (SNr) are characterized by their high-frequency (50-100 spikes/s) tonic ..
  47. ncbi Balance of monosynaptic excitatory and disynaptic inhibitory responses of the globus pallidus induced after stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus in the monkey
    Hitoshi Kita
    Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, College of Medicine, University of Tennessee, Memphis, Tennessee 38163, USA
    J Neurosci 25:8611-9. 2005
    ..STN) plays a pivotal role in controlling the activity of both the external and internal segments of the globus pallidus (GPe and GPi, respectively)...
  48. ncbi Pallidal deep-brain stimulation in primary generalized or segmental dystonia
    Andreas Kupsch
    , Campus Virchow, Berlin, Germany
    N Engl J Med 355:1978-90. 2006
    BACKGROUND: Neurostimulation of the internal globus pallidus has been shown to be effective in reducing symptoms of primary dystonia. We compared this surgical treatment with sham stimulation in a randomized, controlled clinical trial...
  49. ncbi Distribution of DARPP-32 in the basal ganglia: an electron microscopic study
    C C Ouimet
    Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience, Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10021
    J Neurocytol 19:39-52. 1990
    ..has been studied by light and electron microscopical immunocytochemistry in the rat caudatoputamen, globus pallidus and substantia nigra. In the caudatoputamen, DARPP-32 was present in neurons of the medium-sized spiny type...
  50. ncbi Dopamine dependency of oscillations between subthalamic nucleus and pallidum in Parkinson's disease
    P Brown
    Medical Research Council Human Movement and Balance Unit, Institute of Neurology, London WCIN 3BG, United Kingdom
    J Neurosci 21:1033-8. 2001
    ..We simultaneously recorded local potentials (LPs) from the globus pallidus interna (GPi) and subthalamic nucleus (STN) in four awake patients after neurosurgery for Parkinson's disease...
  51. ncbi Unrelated course of subthalamic nucleus and globus pallidus neuronal activities across vigilance states in the rat
    N Urbain
    Laboratoire de Neuropharmacologie et Neurochimie, INSERM U512, Frnace
    Eur J Neurosci 12:3361-74. 2000
    ..of this pathway across the sleep-wake cycle, single-unit activities of subthalamic nucleus (STN) and globus pallidus (GP) neurons were examined, together with cortical electroencephalogram and nuchal muscular activity, in non-..
  52. ncbi Structural analysis of the basal ganglia in schizophrenia
    Daniel Mamah
    Department of Psychiatry, Washington University Medical School, St Louis, MO 63110, USA
    Schizophr Res 89:59-71. 2007
    ..Left and right volumes of the caudate and putamen, as well as the right globus pallidus volume, were significantly increased in subjects with schizophrenia as compared to comparison subjects after ..
  53. ncbi Abnormal microstructures of the basal ganglia in schizophrenia revealed by diffusion tensor imaging
    Ryota Hashimoto
    The Osaka Hamamatsu Joint Research Center for Child Mental Development, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
    World J Biol Psychiatry 10:65-9. 2009
    ..Schizophrenics had significantly lower FA values in the bilateral globus pallidus and left thalamus compared to controls, suggesting that schizophrenics might have microstructural ..
  54. ncbi Context-dependent modulation of movement-related discharge in the primate globus pallidus
    Robert S Turner
    Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94122, USA
    J Neurosci 25:2965-76. 2005
    ..GPi increases and their suppressive effects, perhaps on competing activity in pallidal-recipient centers, have increased prevalence under memory-contingent conditions...
  55. ncbi Globus pallidus stimulation improves both motor and nonmotor aspects of quality of life in advanced Parkinson's disease
    Julian P Rodrigues
    Centre for Neuromuscular and Neurological Disorders, Australian Neuromuscular Research Institute, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
    Mov Disord 22:1866-70. 2007
    Our purpose was to measure the change in quality of life (QoL) following deep brain stimulation of the globus pallidus interna (GPi-DBS) in advanced Parkinson 's disease (PD), and identifies any associations with changes in motor ..
  56. ncbi Synaptic and extrasynaptic GABA-A and GABA-B receptors in the globus pallidus: an electron microscopic immunogold analysis in monkeys
    A Charara
    Department of Neuroscience, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
    Neuroscience 131:917-33. 2005
    ..we compared their subcellular and subsynaptic localization in the external and internal segments of the globus pallidus (GPe and GPi) in monkeys, using pre- and post-embedding immunocytochemistry with antibodies against GABA-A (..
  57. ncbi Globus pallidus deep brain stimulation in dystonia
    Alan Diamond
    Department of Neurology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
    Mov Disord 21:692-5. 2006
    b>Globus pallidus deep brain stimulation (GPi-DBS) is a useful alternative in the treatment of dystonia. Patients selected for GPi-DBS were prospectively rated with the Unified Dystonia Rating Scale (UDRS)...
  58. ncbi Post-operative progress of dystonia patients following globus pallidus internus deep brain stimulation
    J Yianni
    The Oxford Movement Disorder Group, Department of Neurological Surgery, The Radcliffe Infirmary, Oxford, UK
    Eur J Neurol 10:239-47. 2003
    In the current era of functional surgery for movement disorders, deep brain stimulation (DBS) of the globus pallidus internus (GPi) is emerging as the favoured intervention for patients with dystonia...
  59. ncbi Globus pallidus volume is related to symptom severity in neuroleptic naive patients with schizophrenia
    Ruth Spinks
    Schizophrenia Research Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, United States
    Schizophr Res 73:229-33. 2005
    This study compares globus pallidus (GP) volume between neuroleptic naive patients with schizophrenia and healthy controls using structural MRI...
  60. ncbi Motor effects of GABA(A) antagonism in globus pallidus: studies of locomotion and tremulous jaw movements in rats
    Anna Wisniecki
    Department of Psychology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269-1020, USA
    Psychopharmacology (Berl) 170:140-9. 2003
    ..OBJECTIVE: There are multiple pathways involved in the generation of parkinsonian symptoms. The globus pallidus is a basal ganglia relay nucleus, and the present study was conducted to investigate the effect of pallidal ..
  61. ncbi Chronic stimulation of the globus pallidus internus for control of primary generalized dystonia
    Y Katayama
    Department of Neurological Surgery and Division of Applied System Neuroscience, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
    Acta Neurochir Suppl 87:125-8. 2003
    Our experience of deep brain stimulation of the globus pallidus internus (GPi-DBS) for dystonia is summarized. A total of 5 patients with primary generalized dystonia underwent GPi-DBS. There were 3 males and 2 females...
  62. ncbi Linear high intensity area along the medial margin of the internal segment of the globus pallidus in Machado-Joseph disease patients
    S Yamada
    Department of Neurology, Yamanashi University School of Medicine, Tamaho cho, Yamanashi, Japan
    J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 76:573-5. 2005
    ..indicates degeneration of the lenticular fasciculus (LF), a major outflow of the internal segment of the globus pallidus (GPi)...
  63. ncbi Dopamine-dependent changes in the functional connectivity between basal ganglia and cerebral cortex in humans
    David Williams
    Sobell Department of Neurophysiology, Institute of Neurology, London, UK
    Brain 125:1558-69. 2002
    ..An EEG was also recorded, as were the signals from MEs in the globus pallidus interna (GPi) in two of the cases...
  64. ncbi Functional mapping of the human globus pallidus: contrasting effect of stimulation in the internal and external pallidum in Parkinson's disease
    J Yelnik
    INSERM U289, Hopital de la Salpetriere, 47 Boulevard de l H opital, F 75013 Paris, France
    Neuroscience 101:77-87. 2000
    Our objective was to elaborate a functional map of the globus pallidus by correlating the intrapallidal localization of quadripolar electrodes implanted in parkinsonian patients with the clinical effect of the stimulation of each contact...
  65. ncbi Context dependency in the globus pallidus internal segment during targeted arm movements
    M J Gdowski
    Department of Physiology, Northwestern University Medical Schoool, Chicago, Illinois 60611, USA
    J Neurophysiol 85:998-1004. 2001
    Extracellular discharges from single neurons in the internal segment of the globus pallidus (GPi) were recorded and analyzed for rate changes associated with visually guided forearm rotations to four different targets...
  66. ncbi Differential localization and function of GABA transporters, GAT-1 and GAT-3, in the rat globus pallidus
    Xiao Tao Jin
    Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA
    Eur J Neurosci 33:1504-18. 2011
    ..the respective roles of these transporters in regulating evoked inhibitory postsynaptic currents (eIPSCs) in globus pallidus (GP) neurons after striatal stimulation...
  67. ncbi Normalizing motor-related brain activity: subthalamic nucleus stimulation in Parkinson disease
    S T Grafton
    Center for Cognitive Neuroscience, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH 03755, USA
    Neurology 66:1192-9. 2006
    ....
  68. ncbi Subthalamic nucleus deep brain stimulation for parkinson's disease after successful pallidotomy: clinical and electrophysiological observations
    Galit Kleiner-Fisman
    Division of Neurology, Toronto Western Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
    Mov Disord 19:1209-14. 2004
    ..017, 0.005). There were no side-to-side differences clinically or in the STN neuronal firing rates and patterns. Bilateral STN DBS is safe and efficacious in improving motor symptoms in patients with prior pallidotomy...
  69. ncbi Comparison of pallidal and subthalamic deep brain stimulation for the treatment of levodopa-induced dyskinesias
    Kenneth A Follett
    Department of Neurosurgery, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, and Iowa City Veterans Administration Medical Center, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, USA
    Neurosurg Focus 17:E3. 2004
    ..The subthalamic nucleus (STN) and globus pallidus internus (GPi) are the most common surgical targets...
  70. ncbi [Microrecording: a guide to stereotactic brain operations]
    Takao Hashimoto
    No Shinkei Geka 32:297-303. 2004
  71. ncbi Lesion therapy for Parkinson's disease and other movement disorders: update and controversies
    Michael S Okun
    Department of Neurology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
    Mov Disord 19:375-89. 2004
    ..1) which target for which disorder; (2) determination of the optimal lesion site and whether the external globus pallidus (GPe) should be included in the pallidotomy lesion for PD; (3) determination of the size of the lesion; (4) ..
  72. ncbi Neural responses in multiple basal ganglia regions during spontaneous and treadmill locomotion tasks in rats
    L H Shi
    Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA
    Exp Brain Res 157:303-14. 2004
    ..recording technique was used to record neural activity simultaneously in the dorsal lateral striatum (STR), globus pallidus (GP), subthalamic nucleus (STN) and substantia nigra pars reticulata (SNr) during spontaneous and treadmill ..
  73. ncbi Trace of diffusion tensor differentiates the Parkinson variant of multiple system atrophy and Parkinson's disease
    Michael F H Schocke
    Department of Radiology, University of Innsbruck, Austria
    Neuroimage 21:1443-51. 2004
    ..Because rADCs in one direction are dependent on the slice orientation relative to the directions of fiber tracts, Trace(D) imaging appears to be more accurate in the separation of MSA-P from PD...
  74. ncbi Effects of the activity of the internal globus pallidus-pedunculopontine loop on the transmission of the subthalamic nucleus-external globus pallidus-pacemaker oscillatory activities to the cortex
    Arash Hadipour Niktarash
    Department of Neurology, Hazrat Rasool e Akram Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences IUMS, P O Box 15875 5384, Tehran, Iran
    J Comput Neurosci 16:113-27. 2004
    ..about the possible principles underlying such central oscillations, is the subthalamic nucleus (STN)-external globus pallidus (GPe)-pacemaker hypothesis...
  75. ncbi Unilateral pallidotomy versus bilateral subthalamic nucleus stimulation in PD: a randomized trial
    R A J Esselink
    Department of Neurology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
    Neurology 62:201-7. 2004
    ..One patient in each group had a major adverse effect. CONCLUSIONS: Bilateral STN stimulation is more effective than unilateral pallidotomy in reducing parkinsonian symptoms in patients with advanced PD...
  76. ncbi Subthalamic nucleus neuronal activity in Parkinson's disease and epilepsy subjects
    Erwin B Montgomery
    Department of Neurology, University of Wisconsin Madison, H6 538 CSC, 600 Highland Avenue, Madison, WI 53792, USA
    Parkinsonism Relat Disord 14:120-5. 2008
    ..These and similar findings call into question theories that posit increased STN activity is causal to parkinsonism...
  77. ncbi Paradoxes of functional neurosurgery: clues from basal ganglia recordings
    Peter Brown
    Sobell Department of Motor Neuroscience and Movement Disorders, Institute of Neurology, London WC1N 3BG, United Kingdom
    Mov Disord 23:12-20; quiz 158. 2008
    ..Whether true, oversimplified or simply incorrect, the noisy signal hypothesis has served to focus attention on the detailed character of basal ganglia discharge and its variation with disease and therapy...
  78. ncbi [Current therapies for parkinson's disease. Part II: surgical treatment]
    Jerzy Słowiński
    Katedry i Oddziału Klinicznego Neurochirurgii i Neurotraumatologii SlAM w Bytomiu
    Neurol Neurochir Pol 37:677-86. 2003
    ..Unfortunately, the modern surgery for PD is still very expensive and demanding for a large team of specialists and high technology...
  79. ncbi Neuronal activity in the basal ganglia and thalamus in patients with dystonia
    Ping Zhuang
    Beijing Institute of Functional Neurosurgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital University of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100053, China
    Clin Neurophysiol 115:2542-57. 2004
    ..METHODS: Microelectrode recording was performed in the globus pallidus internus (GPi), ventral thalamic nuclear group ventral oral posterior/ventral intermediate, Vop/Vim) and ..
  80. ncbi [Deep brain stimulation for Parkinson's disease]
    Isao Date
    Department of Neurological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine and Dentistry, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Okayama 700-8558, Japan
    No To Shinkei 56:827-41. 2004
  81. ncbi [Preoperative adverse events during stereotactic microelectrode-guided deep brain surgery in Parkinson's disease]
    P Santos
    Servei d'Anestesiologia, , , Universitat de Barcelona
    Rev Esp Anestesiol Reanim 51:523-30. 2004
    ..surgery (stereotactic pallidotomy, implantation of electrodes in the thalamic or subthalamic neurons of the globus pallidus)...
  82. ncbi Network modulation by the subthalamic nucleus in the treatment of Parkinson's disease
    Maja Trost
    Center for Neurosciences, Institute for Medical Research, North Shore-Long Island Jewish Health System, Manhasset, NY 11030, USA
    Neuroimage 31:301-7. 2006
    ..58). Statistical parametric mapping (SPM) revealed that metabolic reductions in the internal globus pallidus (GPi) and caudal midbrain were common to both STN interventions (P < 0...
  83. ncbi State of the art: deep brain stimulation in Parkinson's disease
    R Bhidayasiri
    Chulalongkorn Comprehensive Movement Disorders Program, Chulalongkorn University Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand
    J Med Assoc Thai 89:390-400. 2006
    ..To date, DBS of the globus pallidus interna and subthalamic nucleus has been reported to relieve motor symptoms and levodopa-induced dyskinesia ..
  84. ncbi Operative techniques and morbidity with subthalamic nucleus deep brain stimulation in 100 consecutive patients with advanced Parkinson's disease
    R R Goodman
    Departments of Neurological Surgery and Neurology, Columbia College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY, USA
    J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 77:12-7. 2006
    ..To expand this knowledge, we reviewed our experience with a large series of consecutive patients...
  85. ncbi Anatomy and physiology of the basal ganglia: implications for deep brain stimulation for Parkinson's disease
    Brian H Kopell
    Department of Neurosurgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, and Clement J Zablocki VA Medical Center, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53202, USA
    Mov Disord 21:S238-46. 2006
    ..The current targets for deep brain stimulation for Parkinson's disease, the subthalamic nucleus, the globus pallidus internus, and the ventral intermediate nucleus, will be discussed in the framework of the current ..
  86. ncbi Network modulation in the treatment of Parkinson's disease
    Kotaro Asanuma
    Center for Neurosciences, Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, North Shore-Long Island Jewish Health System, Manhasset, NY 11030, USA
    Brain 129:2667-78. 2006
    ..001) metabolic reductions in the putamen/globus pallidus, sensorimotor cortex and cerebellar vermis, as well as increases in the precuneus (BA 7)...
  87. ncbi Globus pallidus neurons dynamically regulate the activity pattern of subthalamic nucleus neurons through the frequency-dependent activation of postsynaptic GABAA and GABAB receptors
    Nicholas E Hallworth
    Department of Physiology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois 60611-3008, USA
    J Neurosci 25:6304-15. 2005
    Reciprocally connected GABAergic neurons of the globus pallidus (GP) and glutamatergic neurons of the subthalamic nucleus (STN) are a putative generator of pathological rhythmic burst firing in Parkinson's disease (PD)...
  88. ncbi Bilateral deep brain stimulation in Parkinson's disease: a multicentre study with 4 years follow-up
    M C Rodriguez-Oroz
    Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Clinica Universitaria and Medical School, University of Navarra and CIMA, Pamplona, Spain
    Brain 128:2240-9. 2005
    ..report 69 Parkinson's disease patients treated with bilateral DBS of the subthalamic nucleus (STN, n = 49) or globus pallidus internus (GPi, n = 20) included in a multicentre study...
  89. ncbi Treatment of motor dysfunction in Parkinson's disease: an overview
    Stephane Thobois
    Service de Neurologie, Hopital Neurologique Pierre Wertheimer, Lyon, France
    Clin Neurol Neurosurg 107:269-81. 2005
    ..Nevertheless, several compounds or surgical procedures are candidates for being neuroprotective and some of them are under evaluation...
  90. ncbi [Surgical treatment of Parkinson's disease]
    Jarosław Maciaczyk
    Katedra i Klinika Neurochirurgii Neurotraumatologii Akademii Medycznej im Ludwika Rydygiera w Bydgoszczy
    Przegl Lek 61:1383-8. 2004
    ..g. thyrosine hydroxylase, glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor) and elimination the cause of parkinsonian disturbances...
  91. ncbi Role of surgery in the treatment of motor complications
    Leo Verhagen Metman
    Department of Neurological Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, 1725 W Harrison Street, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
    Mov Disord 20:S45-56. 2005
    ....
  92. ncbi Effect of subthalamic lesion with kainic acid on the neuronal activities of the basal ganglia of rat parkinsonian models with 6-hydroxydopamine
    J W Chang
    Department of Neurosurgery, Medical Research Center, Brain Korea 21 Project for Medical Science and Brain Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
    Acta Neurochir Suppl 87:163-8. 2003
    ..was to investigate the alteration of neuronal activities in the substantia nigra pars reticulata (SNpr) and globus pallidus (GP), after ipsilateral STN lesioning by kainic acid in the rat hemi-parkinsonian 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) ..
  93. ncbi The indirect basal ganglia pathway in dopamine D(2) receptor-deficient mice
    M G Murer
    INSERM U289, Hopital de la Salpetriere, Paris, France
    Neuroscience 99:643-50. 2000
    ..D(2) receptor-deficient mice display a reduced expression of glutamate decarboxylase-67 messenger RNA in the globus pallidus, as the basal ganglia model predicts...
  94. ncbi Timing and direction selectivity of subthalamic and pallidal neurons in patients with Parkinson disease
    Ziv M Williams
    Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 15 Parkman Street, ACC-021, Boston, MA 02114, USA
    Exp Brain Res 162:407-16. 2005
    ..PD) arise from abnormal activity and decreased selectivity of neurons in the subthalamic nucleus (STN) and globus pallidus internus (Gpi)...
  95. ncbi Interaction between rhythms in the human basal ganglia: application of bispectral analysis to local field potentials
    Sara Marceglia
    Dipartimento di Scienze Neurologiche, Universita di Milano, Fondazione IRCCS Ospedale Maggiore, Policlinico, Mangiagalli e Regina Elena, Milan, Italy
    IEEE Trans Neural Syst Rehabil Eng 15:483-92. 2007
    ..nonlinear interactions between LFP rhythms characterizing the output structure of the basal ganglia, the globus pallidus internus, by means of bispectral analysis...
  96. ncbi The persistent effects of unilateral pallidal and subthalamic deep brain stimulation on force control in advanced Parkinson's patients
    J L Alberts
    Department of Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
    Parkinsonism Relat Disord 14:481-8. 2008
    The persistent effects of unilateral deep brain stimulation (DBS) of the globus pallidus interna (GPi) or subthalamic nucleus (STN) on specific movement parameters produced by Parkinson's disease (PD) patients are poorly understood...
  97. ncbi Neurophysiological modulation of the subthalamic nucleus by pallidal stimulation in Parkinson's disease
    D Sterio
    Department of Neurosurgery, NYU School of Medicine, NY, USA
    J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 72:325-8. 2002
    ..There is a direct excitatory output to the globus pallidus internus (GPi), which in turn hyperinhibits the motor thalamus and leads to a lack of cortical facilitation...
  98. ncbi Deep-brain stimulation for Parkinson's disease
    G Deuschl
    Department of Neurology, Christian Albrechts Universitat Kiel, Niemannsweg 147, 24105 Kiel, Germany
    J Neurol 249:III/36-9. 2002
    ..However, prospective studies for this procedure are lacking and some clinical problems may be more easily solved with targeting the internal pallidum or the thalamus. Despite major progress in this field, much work remains to be done...
  99. ncbi Surgical therapy for Parkinson's disease
    C W Olanow
    Mount Sinai School of Medicine, Department of Neurology, New York, NY 10029, USA
    Eur J Neurol 9:31-9. 2002
    ..Several studies now demonstrate the value of stimulating the subthalamic nucleus or the globus pallidus pars interna in patients with advanced PD...
  100. ncbi Magnetic resonance imaging-based morphometry and landmark correlation of basal ganglia nuclei
    X L Zhu
    Department Neurosurgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, PR China
    Acta Neurochir (Wien) 144:959-69; discussion 968-9. 2002
    ..brain stimulation or lesioning in patients with Parkinson's disease, the subthalamic nucleus (STN) and the globus pallidus internus (GPi), reveal a high degree of individual variability which is relevant to the planning of ..
  101. ncbi Surgery for movement disorders
    Ralph Gregory
    Oxford Movement Disorder Group, Radcliffe Infirmary, Oxford UK
    J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 72:I32-I35. 2002

Research Grants82

  1. Basal Ganglia and Higher Cortical Function
    Peter L Strick; Fiscal Year: 2010
    ..GABA antagonist, Bicuculline (BIC) into the associative and limbic territories of the external segment of the globus pallidus (GPe) reversibly evoke abnormal behaviors...
  2. Extrastriatal functions of dopamine
    THOMAS N WICHMANN; Fiscal Year: 2010
    ..evidence that dopamine loss at locations outside of the striatum such as the substantia nigra or the globus pallidus may play a significant role in the development of parkinsonism...
  3. Iron in the pathogenesis of Friedreich's ataxia
    ARNULF HANS WERNER KOEPPEN; Fiscal Year: 2010
    ..Therefore, the globus pallidus with its equally high iron and ferritin levels will be added as an internal control...
  4. Basal Ganglia and Higher Cortical Function
    PETER STRICK; Fiscal Year: 2009
    ..GABA antagonist, Bicuculline (BIC) into the associative and limbic territories of the external segment of the globus pallidus (GPe) reversibly evoke abnormal behaviors...
  5. Cortical connections with the limbic territory of the basal ganglia
    Michelle Morrow; Fiscal Year: 2007
    ..of the GABA antagonist, Bicuculline (Bic) into the limbic territory of the external segment of the Globus Pallidus (GPe) evoke abnormal behaviors including excessive grooming, nail biting, and communicative gestures...
  6. Molecular Mechanisms Controlling Formation of Basal Ganglia Circuitry
    KENNETH J CAMPBELL; Fiscal Year: 2010
    ..connects the striatum to the output nuclei, while the indirect pathway influences the output nuclei via the globus pallidus and subthalamic nucleus...
  7. Cortical contributions to basal ganglia disorders
    PETER STRICK; Fiscal Year: 2006
    ..We will make microinjections of a GABAergic antagonist, bicuculline, into the external segment of the globus pallidus (GPE)...
  8. Dorsal Column Stimulation as a New Therapy for Motor Disorders
    Miguel A L Nicolelis; Fiscal Year: 2010
    ..rats implanted with multi-electrode arrays in eight brain areas, including striatum, subthalamic nucleus, globus pallidus, motor and sensory cortices, thalamus, and substantia nigra pars compacta...
  9. NEUROCHEMICAL PHARMACOLOGY OF PHENCYCLIDINE
    Kenneth Johnson; Fiscal Year: 1993
    ..regulation of GABA and glutamate release by dopaminergic and glutamatergic agonists in slices of the striatum-globus pallidus and frontal cortex and by noradrenergic and glutamatergic agonists in hippocampal slices will be determined...
  10. GABA RECEPTORS IN THE THALAMUS
    Yoland Smith; Fiscal Year: 2005
    ..Both the internal globus pallidus (GPi) and the substantia nigra pays reticulata (SNr) provide GABAergic afferents to specific regions of CM/Pf...
  11. PALLIDAL PHYSIOLOGY IN HUMAN AND PRIMATE DYSTONIA
    PHILIP STARR; Fiscal Year: 2005
    ..The globus pallidus internus (GPi) occupies a critical position in this circuit since it is the major output structure of the ..
  12. Mechanisms of Manganese Neurotoxicity
    ANUMANTHA GOUNDER KANTHASAMY; Fiscal Year: 2010
    ..Mn predominantly accumulates in the basal ganglia structures including the globus pallidus and striatum area, but the cellular mechanisms underlying the neurotoxic effect of Mn in these target neurons ..
  13. Mechanisms of Manganese Neurotoxicity
    ANUMANTHA GOUNDER KANTHASAMY; Fiscal Year: 2010
    ..Mn predominantly accumulates in the basal ganglia structures including the globus pallidus and striatum area, but the cellular mechanisms underlying the neurotoxic effect of Mn in these target neurons ..
  14. GLUTAMATE IN PARKINSONS DISEASE
    J Greenamyre; Fiscal Year: 1999
    ..in overactivity of the glutamatergic pathways from the subthalamic nucleus to the internal segment of the globus pallidus and the substantia nigra par's reticulate, the output nuclei of the basal ganglia...
  15. Dopamine D2 and Adenosine A2A roles:Tremulous Movements
    John Salamone; Fiscal Year: 2007
    ..In view of research showing that haloperidol increases extracellular GABA in globus pallidus, and that haloperidol-induced tremulous jaw movements are reduced by pallidal injections of bicuculline, it ..
  16. MOTOR ACTIONS OF CANNABINOIDS IN A PARKINSONS MODEL
    CLARA SANUDO PENA; Fiscal Year: 2002
    ..Furthermore, cannabinoid receptor levels in the output nuclei of the basal ganglia, the globus pallidus and the substantia nigra pars reticulata, are the highest in the brain...
  17. MOOD EFFECTS OF DEEP BRAIN STIMULATION IN PARKINSONS
    Mark George; Fiscal Year: 2002
    DESCRIPTION (Adapted from the Applicant's Abstract): Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS) of the thalamus, globus pallidus (GPi) or subthalamic nucleus (STN) is a new treatment for essential tremor and bradykinesia in Parkinson's Disease (PD)...
  18. Deep Brain Stimulation in the Parkinsonian Monkey
    JERROLD VITEK; Fiscal Year: 2006
    ..the introduction of deep brain stimulation (DBS) in the subthalamic nucleus (STN) and internal segment of the globus pallidus (GPi) as a highly effective treatment modality...
  19. MICROELECTRODE ARRAYS FOR DEEP BRAIN STIMULATION AND REC
    Douglas McCreery; Fiscal Year: 2002
    ..iridium recording and/or stimulating microelectrodes suitable for very long-term implantation into the globus pallidus or the subthalamic nuclei. We will develop two array configurations...
  20. Schizophrenia Data and Software Tool Federation using BIRN Infrastructure
    Lei Wang; Fiscal Year: 2009
    ..e., hippocampus, amygdala, thalamus, caudate nucleus, nucleus accumbens, putamen and globus pallidus)...
  21. Inhibitory Interneurons in Tourette Syndrome
    Flora M Vaccarino; Fiscal Year: 2010
    ..PV)-containing neurons was found in a major output nucleus of the basal ganglia, the internal segment of the globus pallidus (GPi), in TS brains as compared to NC subjects. These are inhibitory neurons projecting to the thalamus...
  22. Inhibitory Interneurons in Tourette Syndrome
    Flora Vaccarino; Fiscal Year: 2009
    ..PV)-containing neurons was found in a major output nucleus of the basal ganglia, the internal segment of the globus pallidus (GPi), in TS brains as compared to NC subjects. These are inhibitory neurons projecting to the thalamus...
  23. Inhibitory Interneurons in Tourette Syndrome
    Flora Vaccarino; Fiscal Year: 2007
    ..PV)-containing neurons was found in a major output nucleus of the basal ganglia, the internal segment of the globus pallidus (GPi), in TS brains as compared to NC subjects. These are inhibitory neurons projecting to the thalamus...
  24. OPIOID GABA INTERACTIONS AND ANTINOCICEPTION
    Alexander Kalyuzhny; Fiscal Year: 2002
    ..In preliminary studies, we have observed that GABA/A receptors in globus pallidus, hippocampus and DRG are co-localized with mu-opioid receptors...