Looking for inspiration: new perspectives on respiratory rhythmJack L Feldman
Department of Neurobiology, David Geffen School of Medicine at the University of California, Los Angeles, Box 951763, Los Angeles, California 90095 1763, USA
Nat Rev Neurosci 7:232-42. 2006
..Lesion studies suggest that respiratory cell death might explain morbidity and mortality associated with neurodegenerative disorders and ageing...
Respiratory rhythm generation during gasping depends on persistent sodium currentJulian F R Paton
Department of Physiology, Bristol Heart Institute, School of Medical Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
Nat Neurosci 9:311-3. 2006
..We provide evidence for hypoxia-driven transformation within the central respiratory oscillator, in which gasping relies on persistent sodium current, whereas eupnea does not depend on this cellular mechanism...
- Respiration-related rhythmic activity in the rostral medulla of newborn rats
Hiroshi Onimaru
Department of Physiology, Showa University School of Medicine, 1 5 8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa ku, Tokyo 142, Japan
J Neurophysiol 96:55-61. 2006
..These results show that the rostral medulla, not including the pre-Bötzinger complex, produces Pre-I-like rhythmic activity that can be monitored as facial nerve motor output in newborn rat in vitro preparations...
- Point:Counterpoint: The parafacial respiratory group (pFRG)/pre-Botzinger complex (preBotC) is the primary site of respiratory rhythm generation in the mammal. Counterpoint: the preBötC is the primary site of respiratory rhythm generation in the mammal
Jack L Feldman
Department of Neurobiology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
J Appl Physiol 100:2096-7; discussion 2097-8, 2103-8. 2006
- Inspiratory bursts in the preBötzinger complex depend on a calcium-activated non-specific cation current linked to glutamate receptors in neonatal mice
Ryland W Pace
Department of Applied Science, McGlothlin Street Hall, Room 303, The College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23187 8795, USA
J Physiol 582:113-25. 2007
..We conclude that I(CAN) underlies robust inspiratory drive potentials in preBötC neurons, and is only fully evoked by ionotropic and metabotropic glutamatergic synaptic inputs, i.e. by network activity...
- Pacemakers handshake synchronization mechanism of mammalian respiratory rhythmogenesis
Steffen Wittmeier
Harvard MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 105:18000-5. 2008
..Such a pacemakers handshake process with conjugate excitation-inhibition and PIR provides a reinforcing and evolutionarily advantageous fail-safe mechanism for respiratory rhythmogenesis in mammals...
- Eupnea of in situ rats persists following blockers of in vitro pacemaker burster activities
Walter M St-John
Department of Physiology, Dartmouth Medical School, Dartmouth Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH 03756, USA
Respir Physiol Neurobiol 160:353-6. 2008
..However, gasping does depend upon a conductance through persistent sodium channels...
- Glutamatergic synaptic inputs and ICAN: the basis for an emergent property underlying respiratory rhythm generation?
STEPHEN MARK JOHNSON
Department of Comparative Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, 2015 Linden Drive, Madison, WI 53706, USA
J Physiol 582:5-6. 2007
- Pre-/post-otic rhombomeric interactions control the emergence of a fetal-like respiratory rhythm in the mouse embryo
C Borday
, Institut de Neurobiologie Alfred Fessard, C.N.R.S, 1 av. de la terrasse, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
J Neurobiol 66:1285-301. 2006
....
- High sensitivity to neuromodulator-activated signaling pathways at physiological [K+] of confocally imaged respiratory center neurons in on-line-calibrated newborn rat brainstem slices
Araya Ruangkittisakul
Department of Physiology and Perinatal Research Centre, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 2S2
J Neurosci 26:11870-80. 2006
..Our approaches and findings provide the basis for a pharmacological and structure-function analysis of the isolated respiratory center in a histologically well defined substrate at physiological [K+].
- Hyperpolarization-activated current, Ih, in inspiratory brainstem neurons and its inhibition by hypoxia
S L Mironov
II Department of Physiology, University of Gottingen, Humboldtallee 23, Gottingen 37073, Germany
Eur J Neurosci 12:520-6. 2000
..We conclude that although Ih channels are functional in a minority of inspiratory neurons, Ih does not contribute to respiratory rhythm generation or its modulation by hypoxia...
- Different respiratory control systems are affected in homozygous and heterozygous kreisler mutant mice
Fabrice Chatonnet
Neurobiologie Genetique et Integrative, UPR2216, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut de Neurobiologie Alfred Fessard UFR 2218, 91198 Gif sur Yvette Cedex, France
Eur J Neurosci 15:684-92. 2002
..We conclude that the pontine antiapneic system originates from r3r4, but not r5. A different rhythm-promoting system originates in r5 and kreisler controls the development of antiapneic and chemosensory signal transmission at this level...
- Hypoxic modulation of L-type Ca(2+) channels in inspiratory brainstem neurones: intracellular signalling pathways and metabotropic glutamate receptors
S L Mironov
II Department of Physiology, University of Gottingen, Humboldtallee 23, D 37073, Gottingen, Germany
Brain Res 869:166-77. 2000
..agonists suppressed the respiratory output, and correspondingly modified the hypoxic response of the respiratory center. Ca(L) channels were also modulated by protein kinase C, but this did not prevent the hypoxic modification ..
- Generation of a novel functional neuronal circuit in Hoxa1 mutant mice
E D del Toro
Neurobiologie Genetique et Integrative, Unité Propre de Recherche 2216, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique CNRS, 91198 Gif sur Yvette, France
J Neurosci 21:5637-42. 2001
..This is the first demonstration that changes in Hox expression patterns allow the selection of novel neuronal circuits regulating vital adaptive behaviors. The implications for the evolution of brainstem neural networks are discussed...
- Identification of two types of inspiratory pacemaker neurons in the isolated respiratory neural network of mice
M Thoby-Brisson
Department of Organismal Biology and Anatomy, Committee on Neurobiology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
J Neurophysiol 86:104-12. 2001
..5 microM tetrodotoxin. We conclude that the respiratory neural network contains pacemaker neurons with two types of bursting properties. The two types of pacemaker activities might have different functions within the respiratory network...
- Persistent sodium current, membrane properties and bursting behavior of pre-bötzinger complex inspiratory neurons in vitro
Christopher A Del Negro
Cellular and Systems Neurobiology Section, Laboratory of Neural Control, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-4455, USA
J Neurophysiol 88:2242-50. 2002
....
- Emergence of the pre-Bötzinger respiratory rhythm generator in the mouse embryo
Muriel Thoby-Brisson
, Institut Alfred Fessard, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, 91198 Gif sur Yvette, France
J Neurosci 25:4307-18. 2005
..We conclude that a rhythm generator sharing the properties of the neonatal pre-Bötzinger complex becomes active during E15 in mice...
- From hindbrain segmentation to breathing after birth: developmental patterning in rhombomeres 3 and 4
Fabrice Chatonnet
, Institut de Neurobiologie Alfred Fessard, CNRS, 1 Avenue de la Terrasse, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
Mol Neurobiol 28:277-94. 2003
..Novel neuronal circuits may develop from some of these misspecified progenitors while others are eliminated, eventually affecting respiration and survival after birth...
- Phox2a gene, A6 neurons, and noradrenaline are essential for development of normal respiratory rhythm in mice
J C Viemari
Biology of Rhythms and Development, Groupe d Etude des Réseaux Moteurs Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, 13009 Marseille, France
J Neurosci 24:928-37. 2004
..Metabolic noradrenaline disorders occurring during gestation therefore may induce neonatal respiratory deficits, in agreement with the catecholamine anomalies reported in victims of sudden infant death syndrome...
- Differential contribution of pacemaker properties to the generation of respiratory rhythms during normoxia and hypoxia
Fernando Pena
Department of Organismal Biology and Anatomy, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
Neuron 43:105-17. 2004
..We propose that respiratory rhythm generation in normoxia depends on a heterogeneous population of pacemaker neurons, while during hypoxia the respiratory rhythm is driven by only one type of pacemaker...
Functional imaging, spatial reconstruction, and biophysical analysis of a respiratory motor circuit isolated in vitroHidehiko Koizumi
Cellular and Systems Neurobiology Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
J Neurosci 28:2353-65. 2008
....
- Stabilization of bursting in respiratory pacemaker neurons
Andrew K Tryba
The University of Chicago, Department of Organismal Biology and Anatomy, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
J Neurosci 23:3538-46. 2003
..001; n = 14). We conclude that respiratory pacemaker neurons possess membrane properties that stabilize their bursting against changes in [K+]o and imposed changes in V(m)...
- Respiratory and metabolic acidosis differentially affect the respiratory neuronal network in the ventral medulla of neonatal rats
Yasumasa Okada
Department of Medicine, Keio University Tsukigase Rehabilitation Center, Izu, Japan
Eur J Neurosci 26:2834-43. 2007
..We suggest that they differently influence the coupling states between the pFRG/RTN and preBötC/VRG...
- Respiratory rhythm entrainment by somatic afferent stimulation
Jeffrey T Potts
Department of Physiology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan 48201, USA
J Neurosci 25:1965-78. 2005
....
- Blockade of brain stem gap junctions increases phrenic burst frequency and reduces phrenic burst synchronization in adult rat
Irene C Solomon
Department of Physiology and Biophysics, State University of New York, Stony Brook 11794 8661, USA
J Neurophysiol 89:135-49. 2003
....
- Role of gap junctions in CO(2) chemoreception and respiratory control
Jay B Dean
Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Environmental and Hyperbaric Cell Biology Facility, Wright State University, Dayton, Ohio 45435, USA
Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 283:L665-70. 2002
..Specific research questions related to the role of gap junctions in respiratory control are suggested for future research...
- RT-PCR reveals muscarinic acetylcholine receptor mRNA in the pre-Bötzinger complex
J Lai
Department of Neurobiology, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095-1763, USA
Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 281:L1420-4. 2001
..All five subtypes, M(1)-M(5), were observed in the second round of amplification. Our results suggest that the majority of muscarinic receptor subtypes in the pre-BötC are M(2) and M(3), with minor expression of M(1), M(4), and M(5)...
- Point:Counterpoint: The parafacial respiratory group (pFRG)/pre-Botzinger complex (preBotC) is the primary site of respiratory rhythm generation in the mammal. Point: the PFRG is the primary site of respiratory rhythm generation in the mammal
Hiroshi Onimaru
Department of Physiology, Showa University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
J Appl Physiol 100:2094-5. 2006
- Studying rhythmogenesis of breathing: comparison of in vivo and in vitro models
D W Richter
Dept of Physiology II, Georg August Universitat Gottingen, 37073, Gottingen, Germany
Trends Neurosci 24:464-72. 2001
..We have taken note of these in formulating a 'maturational network-burster model' for rhythm generation that includes most features of the existing models of respiratory rhythm generation...
- Respiratory network function in the isolated brainstem-spinal cord of newborn rats
K Ballanyi
II Physiologisches Institut, Universitat Gottingen, Germany
Prog Neurobiol 59:583-634. 1999
..The latter observations show that this in vitro model is also suited for analysis of clinically relevant disturbances of respiratory network function...
- Respiratory neuron subpopulations and pathways potentially involved in the reactivation of phrenic motoneurons after C2 hemisection
Pascale Boulenguez
Laboratoire de Physiologie Neurovégétative, UMR CNRS 6153, INRA 1147, Universite Paul Cezanne, Aix Marseille III, Marseille, France
Brain Res 1148:96-104. 2007
..These pathways may be involved in the CPP and could be differentially activated in acute or chronic lesioned rats...
- [Effect of stimulation of the facial nucleus on discharge of respiratory neurons in the pre-Bözinger complex and its neurotransmitter mechanism in rats]
Heng-xiu Yan
Department of Physiology, West China School of Preclinical and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
Sheng Li Xue Bao 56:665-70. 2004
....
- Cholinergic neurotransmission in the preBötzinger Complex modulates excitability of inspiratory neurons and regulates respiratory rhythm
X M Shao
Department of Neurobiology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Box 951763, Los Angeles, CA 90095 1763, USA
Neuroscience 130:1069-81. 2005
....
- Regulation of respiratory and vocal motor pools in the isolated brain of Xenopus laevis
Erik Zornik
Department of Biological Sciences, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA
J Neurosci 28:612-21. 2008
..Together, our data suggest that neurons in DTAM produce vocal motor output by directly activating laryngeal motor neurons and that DTAM may coordinate vocal and respiratory motor activity...
- Anoxic persistence of lumbar respiratory bursts and block of lumbar locomotion in newborn rat brainstem spinal cords
Giuliano Taccola
Perinatal Research Centre, Department of Physiology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada T6G 2S2
J Physiol 585:507-24. 2007
....
- Glutamatergic pathways from the Kölliker-Fuse nucleus to the phrenic nucleus in the rat
Shigefumi Yokota
Department of Anatomy and Morphological Neuroscience, Shimane Medical University, Izumo 693 8501, Japan
Brain Res 995:118-30. 2004
..The present results suggest that the glutamatergic pathways from the KF to the PhN directly and indirectly via the rVRG region may exist and underlie the inspiratory responses that are elicited by activation of the KF neurons...
- Glutamatergic neurons in the Kölliker-Fuse nucleus project to the rostral ventral respiratory group and phrenic nucleus: a combined retrograde tracing and in situ hybridization study in the rat
Shigefumi Yokota
Department of Anatomy and Morphological Neuroscience, Shimane University School of Medicine, Izumo 693 8501, Japan
Neurosci Res 59:341-6. 2007
....
- Modulation of the respiratory rhythm generator by the pontine noradrenergic A5 and A6 groups in rodents
Gerard Hilaire
GERM Groupe d Etude des Réseaux Moteurs, FRE CNRS 2722, 280 Boulevard Sainte Marguerite, 13009 Marseille, France
Respir Physiol Neurobiol 143:187-97. 2004
....
- Background sodium current stabilizes bursting in respiratory pacemaker neurons
Andrew K Tryba
The University of Chicago, Department of Organismal Biology, 1027 E 57th Street, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
J Neurobiol 60:481-9. 2004
..Thus, current-clamp studies suggest that respiratory pacemaker neurons possess a background sodium current that maintains their membrane potential within a range where they express bursting, thereby stabilizing rhythmogenesis...
- Calcium-activated potassium currents differentially modulate respiratory rhythm generation
C Zavala-Tecuapetla
Departamento de Farmacobiologia, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del I P N, Mexico, DF, Mexico
Eur J Neurosci 27:2871-84. 2008
....
- Responses of respiratory neurons in the medulla oblongata to stimulation of the septal nuclei during hypoxia
N S Akopyan
Department of Human and Animal Physiology, Armenian State University, 8 Charenets Street, 375049 Erevan, Armenia
Neurosci Behav Physiol 34:105-8. 2004
..pressure had both facilitatory and inhibitory effects on the spike activity of respiratory neurons in the respiratory center of the medulla oblongata, inhibitory effects being predominant...
- Inspiratory-phase short time scale synchrony in the brainstem slice is generated downstream of the pre-Bötzinger complex
J Y Sebe
Graduate Program in Neurobiology and Behavior, Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
Neuroscience 153:1390-401. 2008
....
- [Reaction of respiration neurons in the medulla on locus coeruleus irritation by hypoxia]
N S Akopian
Aviakosm Ekolog Med 42:36-40. 2008
..event of acute hypoxia the highly sensitive cortical component lose their inhibitory effect on the bulbar respiratory center and suprabulbary formations...
- Brain-derived neurotrophic factor enhances fetal respiratory rhythm frequency in the mouse preBötzinger complex in vitro
Julien Bouvier
Laboratoire de Neurobiologie Génétique et Intégrative, Institut Alfred Fessard, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, 91198 Gif sur Yvette, France
Eur J Neurosci 28:510-20. 2008
..Our data indicate that BDNF signalling through TrkB can acutely modulate fetal respiratory rhythm in association with increased glutamatergic drive and bursting activity in the preBötC...
- Presynaptic delta opioid receptors differentially modulate rhythm and pattern generation in the ventral respiratory group of the rat
T Lonergan
Department of Pharmacology, University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, 2006, Australia
Neuroscience 121:959-73. 2003
..Activation of the DOR in the VRG is likely to inhibit the release of neurotransmitters from afferent inputs that modulate the pattern of activity of VRG neurons...
- Ontogeny of the pre-Bötzinger complex in perinatal rats
Silvia Pagliardini
Department of Physiology, Centre for Neuroscience, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 2S2
J Neurosci 23:9575-84. 2003
....
- Spontaneous crossed phrenic activity in the neonatal respiratory network
M Beth Zimmer
Wayne State University, School of Medicine, Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, 540 East Canfield, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
Exp Neurol 194:530-40. 2005
..Unlike adult rats, this study shows that crossed phrenic activity is present in the in vitro respiratory network of neonatal rats suggesting that a crossed neural pathway may be functionally active in neonates...
- Central nervous mechanisms in the generation of the pattern of breathing
T Pantaleo
Dipartimento di Scienze Fisiologiche, Universita di Firenze, Viale G B Morgagni 63, I 50134 Firenze, Italy
Arch Ital Biol 143:207-14. 2005
..The results show that the investigated medullary regions play a prominent role in the genesis of the normal pattern of breathing through the endogenous activation of EAA receptors...
- [Development of respiratory function in perinatal ontogenesis]
A V Bursian
Zh Evol Biokhim Fiziol 43:24-31. 2007
..Somewhat later, inhibitory control is established from supramedullary structures, with an increase of role of peripheral receptors in regulation of respiration...
- [Effects of pentobarbital sodium on rhythmical respiration of neonatal rat medullary preparations]
Juan Chen
Department of Physiology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
Nan Fang Yi Ke Da Xue Xue Bao 26:1273-5, 1279. 2006
..To study the effects of pentobarbital sodium in generation and modulation of rhythmical respiration in neonatal rats...
- Multifunctional laryngeal premotor neurons: their activities during breathing, coughing, sneezing, and swallowing
Keisuke Shiba
Department of Otolaryngology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba City, Chiba 260 8670, Japan
J Neurosci 27:5156-62. 2007
....
- Adrenaline contributes to prenatal respiratory maturation in rat medulla-spinal cord preparation
Morimitsu Fujii
Laboratory for Memory and Learning, RIKEN Brain Science Institute, 2 1 Hirosawa, Wako Shi, Saitama 351 0198, Japan
Brain Res 1090:45-50. 2006
Adrenaline is a potent respiratory regulator. However, adrenergic contribution to the developing respiratory center has not been studied extensively...
- Novel data supporting the two respiratory rhythm oscillator hypothesis. Focus on "respiration-related rhythmic activity in the rostral medulla of newborn rats"
Wiktor A Janczewski
J Neurophysiol 96:1-2. 2006
- Spinal cord injury in neonates alters respiratory motor output via supraspinal mechanisms
M Beth Zimmer
Wayne State University, Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
Exp Neurol 206:137-45. 2007
..These data show that supraspinal plasticity in the respiratory system occurs after SCI in neonate rats. The mechanisms remain unknown, but may involve alterations in receptor proteins involved in neurotransmission...
- Respiratory rhythms generated in the lamprey rhombencephalon
B Martel
Centre de Recherche en Sciences Neurologiques, Universite de Montreal, Casier Postal 6128, Succursale Centre Ville, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H3C 3J7
Neuroscience 148:279-93. 2007
..Our results support the hypothesis that normal breathing depends on the activity of neurons located in the rostral rhombencephalon in lampreys, whereas the caudal rhombencephalon generates the slow pattern...
- The retrotrapezoid nucleus and the 'drive' to breathe
Eugene E Nattie
Department of Physiology, Darthmouth Medical School, Lebanon, NH 03755, USA
J Physiol 572:311. 2006
- Medullary pacemaker neurons are essential for both eupnea and gasping in mammals vs. medullary pacemaker neurons are essential for gasping, but not eupnea, in mammals
Fernando Pena
J Appl Physiol 103:723-4; author reply 726-7. 2007
- NMDA receptors in preBotzinger complex neurons can drive respiratory rhythm independent of AMPA receptors
Consuelo Morgado-Valle
Department of Neurobiology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Box 951763, Los Angeles, CA 90095 1763, USA
J Physiol 582:359-68. 2007
..Under this condition, respiratory-related frequency is unaffected by changes in I(I), suggesting that the two can be independently regulated...
- Possible modulation of the mouse respiratory rhythm generator by A1/C1 neurones
Sebastien Zanella
FRE CNRS 2722, , 280 Boulevard Sainte-Marguerite, 13009 Marseille, France
Respir Physiol Neurobiol 153:126-38. 2006
....
- Medullary pacemaker neurons are essential for both eupnea and gasping in mammals vs. medullary pacemaker neurons are essential for gasping, but not eupnea, in mammals
Jaime L Eugenín
J Appl Physiol 103:724; author reply 726-7. 2007
- Effects of neuromuscular blocking agents on central respiratory chemosensitivity in newborn rats
Shigeki Sakuraba
Department of Anesthesiology, School of Medicine, Keio University, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku ku, Tokyo 160 8582, Japan
Biol Res 38:225-33. 2005
..Our results demonstrate that neuromuscular blocking agents inhibit CO2-excited tonic firing neurons and attenuate respiratory CO2 responsiveness...
- Regulation of ventral surface chemoreceptors by the central respiratory pattern generator
Patrice G Guyenet
Department of Pharmacology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22908, USA
J Neurosci 25:8938-47. 2005
..In vivo, RTN neurons receive respiratory synchronous inhibitory inputs that may serve as feedback and impart these neurons with their characteristic respiratory modulation...
- Ionotropic glutamate receptors mediate excitatory drive to caudal medullary expiratory neurons in the rabbit
Fulvia Bongianni
Dipartimento di Scienze Fisiologiche, Universita degli Studi di Firenze, Viale G B Morgagni 63, I 50134 Firenze, Italy
Brain Res 1056:145-57. 2005
..They also support the view that neurons located in the cVRG are not merely elements of the expiratory output system...
- Glycine is used as a transmitter by decrementing expiratory neurons of the ventrolateral medulla in the rat
Kazuhisa Ezure
Department of Neurobiology, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Neuroscience, Tokyo 183 8526, Japan
J Neurosci 23:8941-8. 2003
....
- [Response of respiratory neurons of the medulla oblongata to the septum stimulation in hypoxia]
N S Akopian
State University, Yerevan, 375049, 8 Charentsa St, Armenia
Ross Fiziol Zh Im I M Sechenova 88:997-1002. 2002
..In difficult conditions of hypoxia (7.5-8 thousand meters) on the reduction of the impulse activity of neurons, stimulation of septum nucleuses induced uncharacteristic reactions of those neurons...
- Role of NO-ergic mechanism in regulation of rhythmogenesis in respiratory center in bulbospinal preparation from newborn rat
V F Pyatin
Samara State Medical University, Samara
Bull Exp Biol Med 132:719-22. 2001
....
- Respiratory rhythm: an emergent network property?
Christopher A Del Negro
Systems Neurobiology Laboratory, Department of Neurobiology, University of California Los Angeles, Box 95 1763, 90095, USA
Neuron 34:821-30. 2002
..05) does not affect respiratory rhythm. These results suggest that voltage-dependent bursting in pacemaker neurons is not essential for respiratory rhythmogenesis, which may instead be an emergent network property...
- Inspiratory neurons with decrementing firing pattern in raphe nuclei of feline medulla
Masae Hosogai
Second Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Yonago, Japan
Auton Neurosci 99:13-7. 2002
..The present results suggest that cat I-decrementing neurons in the medullary raphe nuclei receive inputs from the central respiratory rhythm generator and may modify the respiratory activity of supraspinal neural structures...
- Endogenous rhythm generation in the pre-Bötzinger complex and ionic currents: modelling and in vitro studies
Ilya A Rybak
School of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Health Systems, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
Eur J Neurosci 18:239-57. 2003
..These findings are discussed in the context of the role of endogenous bursting activity in the respiratory rhythm generation in vivo vs. in vitro and during normal breathing in vivo vs. gasping...
- Mu-opioid receptor agonist effects on medullary respiratory neurons in the cat: evidence for involvement in certain types of ventilatory disturbances
Peter M Lalley
Department of Physiology, The University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706m, USA
Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 285:R1287-304. 2003
..Opioid effects on the respiratory neurons were similar in anesthetized and decerebrate preparations...
- Glycinergic inhibition is essential for co-ordinating cranial and spinal respiratory motor outputs in the neonatal rat
M Dutschmann
Department of Physiology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TD, UK
J Physiol 543:643-53. 2002
....
- Morphology of the decrementing expiratory neurons in the brainstem of the rat
Yoshiaki Saito
Department of Neurobiology, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Neuroscience, 2 6 Musashi dai, Fuchu, Tokyo 183 8526, Japan
Neurosci Res 44:141-53. 2002
..The simultaneous projections from the caudal E-DEC neurons to both the spinal cord and the NA suggest that these neurons also play integrative roles in non-respiratory behaviors including vocalization, swallowing and defecation...
- Serotonergic modulation of respiratory motoneurons and interneurons in brainstem slices of perinatal rats
S W Schwarzacher
Zentrum Anatomie, Universitat Gottingen, Kreuzbergring 36, D 37075, Gottingen, Germany
Neuroscience 115:1247-59. 2002
..The excitatory effects on respiratory rhythm are also primarily attributable to postsynaptic 5-HT2 receptors of pre-BötC neurons. Additional modulatory effects on the interneurons appear to be mediated by postsynaptic 5-HT1A receptors...
- The murine neurokinin NK1 receptor gene contributes to the adult hypoxic facilitation of ventilation
Krzysztof Ptak
Physiologie Neurovégétative, UMR 6153 CNRS INRA, Faculté des Sciences de St Jérôme, 13397 Marseille Cedex 20, France
Eur J Neurosci 16:2245-52. 2002
..However, NK1 receptors are not obligatory for the prenatal development of the respiratory network, for the production of the rhythm, or for the regulation of breathing by short-lasting hypoxia in neonates...
- Two types of rhythm in the respiratory network output in the isolated ventrolateral medulla in the neonatal rats
Y N Shvarev
Department of Woman and Child Health, Q2 07, Neonatal Research Unit, Astrid Lindgren Children s Hospital, Karolinska Institutet, SE 171 76, Stockholm, Sweden
Neurosci Lett 347:53-6. 2003
..The augmented bursts could suppress inspiratory, but not pre-inspiratory neuron discharge, suggesting that pre-inspiratory neurons formed a supplementary rhythmic network which was not directly affected by biphasic burst generation...
- Noradrenergic receptors and in vitro respiratory rhythm: possible interspecies differences between mouse and rat neonates
Viemari Jean-Charles
, Biology of Rhythms and Development, GERM, CNRS, , 280 Boulevard de Sainte Marguerite, 13009 Marseille, France
Neurosci Lett 324:149-53. 2002
..Thus, interspecies differences seem to exist in the noradrenergic regulations of the rat and mouse medullary respiratory networks...
- Neurokinin-1 receptor-expressing cells regulate depressor region of rat ventrolateral medulla
Hong Wang
Department of Pharmacology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 285:H2757-69. 2003
....
- Effect of endothelin on vasomotor and respiratory neurons in the rostral ventrolateral medulla in rats
Mamoru Kumada
Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
Cell Mol Neurobiol 23:691-707. 2003
..Majority of vasomotor and respiratory neurons should express ET-A receptors and some respiratory neurons are under tonic excitatory control by ET-1...
- MafB deficiency causes defective respiratory rhythmogenesis and fatal central apnea at birth
Bruno Blanchi
Centre d immunologie de Marseille Luminy, CNRS INSERM Université Mediterrané, Campus de Luminy, Case 906, 13288 Marseille Cedex 09, France
Nat Neurosci 6:1091-100. 2003
..Our results show an essential role of MafB in central respiratory control, possibly involving the specification of rhythmogenic preBötC neurons...
- The respiratory rhythm in mutant oscillator mice
D Büsselberg
Georg August Universitat Gottingen, II Physiologisches Institut, Humboldtallee 23, D 37073 Gottingen, Germany
Neurosci Lett 316:99-102. 2001
..Postsynaptic activity and membrane potential trajectories of respiratory neurones revealed a persistence of GABAergic inhibition and changes in respiratory rhythm and pattern generation...
- Evidence for a tonic GABA-ergic inhibition of excitatory respiratory-related afferents to presympathetic neurons in the rostral ventrolateral medulla
Takashi Miyawaki
Hypertension and Stroke Research Laboratories, Department of Physiology, University of Sydney, Sydney 2006, Australia
Brain Res 924:56-62. 2002
..Inputs from post-inspiratory neurons appear to be an especially potent excitatory synaptic drive to the presympathetic neurons in the absence of the GABAergic inhibition...
- [Effects of enflurane on respiratory neurons of the pre-Bötzinger complex in medullary slices of neonatal rats]
Y Yamazaki
Department of Anesthesiology, Sapporo Medical University, School of Medicine, Sapporo 060-8543
Masui 50:964-70. 2001
..These results suggest that the enflurane-induced decrement of spontaneous activity of respiratory neurons is partly caused by an increase in synaptic inhibition...
- Respiratory pre-motor control of hypoglossal motoneurons in the rat
J H Peever
Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
Neuroscience 110:711-22. 2002
..We conclude that the respiratory control of hypoglossal motoneurons originates from inspiratory premotor neurons scattered throughout the lateral tegmental field and interneurons within the hypoglossal motor nucleus...
- Neurokinin-1 receptor-expressing cells of the ventral respiratory group are functionally heterogeneous and predominantly glutamatergic
Patrice G Guyenet
Department of Pharmacology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22908, USA
J Neurosci 22:3806-16. 2002
..In summary, NK1R-expressing cells of the VRG are a heterogeneous group of predominantly glutamatergic neurons that include subpopulations of respiratory premotor neurons...
- Connections between respiratory neurones in the neonatal rat transverse medullary slice studied with cross-correlation
Yan Mei Li
Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, ON, Canada
J Physiol 549:327-32. 2003
..The rhythm is transmitted to ipsilateral hypoglossal neurones by a paucisynaptic pathway. Both hypoglossal neurones and PBC neurones receive a common activation from as yet unidentified sources...
- Pyridinium oximes as cholinesterase reactivators. Structure-activity relationship and efficacy in the treatment of poisoning with organophosphorus compounds
Milan Jokanovic
Experta Consulting, 11070 Belgrade, Nehruova 57, Serbia
Curr Med Chem 16:2177-88. 2009
..failure resulting from paralysis of the diaphragm and intercostal muscles, depression of the brain respiratory center, bronchospasm, and excessive bronchial secretions...
- Daytime hypoxemia, sleep-disordered breathing, and laryngopharyngeal findings in multiple system atrophy
Takayoshi Shimohata
Department of Neurology, Brain Research Institute, Niigata University, 1 757 Asahi machi dori Niigata, Niigata 951 8585, Japan
Arch Neurol 64:856-61. 2007
..It may be explained by upper airway obstruction, such as vocal cord abductor paralysis; an impairment of the respiratory center, such as Cheyne-Stokes respiration; or an impaired hypoxemic ventilatory response.
- Symptoms of premenstrual syndrome may be caused by hyperventilation
Helmut W Ott
Clinical Division of Gynecological Endocrinology and Reproductive Medicine, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
Fertil Steril 86:1001.e17-9. 2006
..To determine whether women with premenstrual syndrome (PMS) differ from healthy women in the extent of hyperventilation during the luteal phase of the cycle...
- [Water-electrolyte and acid-base imbalance. IX. Respiratory alkalosis]
L Velásquez-Jones
Departamento de Medicinas, Hospital Infantil de Mexico Federico Gomez, D F
Bol Med Hosp Infant Mex 47:669-72. 1990
..may be due predominantly to a primary increase in central nervous system activity, either within the respiratory center itself or from more centrally placed areas with neural projections that extend to and control the ..
- Accidentally created tension pneumothorax in patient with primary spontaneous pneumothorax--confirmation of the experimental studies, putting into question the classical explanation
D Subotich
Institute for Lung Diseases, Clinical Center of Serbia, Visegradska 26 20, Belgrade 11000, Serbia and Montenegro
Med Hypotheses 64:170-3. 2005
..Some experimental studies on animals put into question such an explanation, suggesting that respiratory arrest due to hypoxia of the respiratory center, not a circulatory arrest, represents dominant life threatening feature.
- [Microsurgical treatment and prevention of postoperative complications for the fourth ventricle tumors in adults]
Lei Huo
Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
Zhong Nan Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban 34:642-5. 2009
..To explore the microneurosurgical technique and prevention of postoperative complications for the fourth ventricle tumors in adults...
- Sleep-related breathing disorders in patients with multiple system atrophy and vocal fold palsy
T Sadaoka
Department of Otolaryngology, Osaka Medical College, Japan
Sleep 19:479-84. 1996
..nocturnal death in MSA patients is caused not only by abnormal respiration resulting from impairment of the respiratory center, but also by glottic obstruction caused by sputum or by edema of the vocal folds...
- Pulmonary function in multiple sclerosis without any respiratory complaints
Ayse Altintas
Istanbul University, Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Department of Neurology, Istanbul, Turkey
Clin Neurol Neurosurg 109:242-6. 2007
....
- The different changes of phrenic nerve activity and frequency elicited by microinjection of L-glutamic acid into ventrolateral nucleus of the tractus solitarius in cats
C H Chiang
Department of Medicine, Tri Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
Chin J Physiol 33:111-20. 1990
..To test whether there is a respiratory effect of glutamic acid in the respiratory center or not, we microinjected L-glutamic acid (1 M, 0...
- Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of some oximes and associated therapeutic consequences: a critical review
Victor A Voicu
University of Medicine and Pharmacy Carol Davila, Clinical Pharmacology, Toxicology and Psychopharmacology, Bucharest, Romania
J Appl Toxicol 30:719-29. 2010
..BBB, more precisely the antagonism of OP-induced seizures and hypothermia, prevention of brain damage and respiratory center protection, leading to the final end-point, the survival of intoxicated organisms, are of high interest...
- Clinical use and material wear of polymeric tracheostomy tubes
Gunilla Björling
Department of Clinical Sciences, Division of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Karolinska Institutet, Danderyd Hospital, National Respiratory Centre, and the Sophiahemmet University College, Stockholm, Sweden
Laryngoscope 117:1552-9. 2007
..e., silicone (Si), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), and polyurethane (PU), and to determine whether surface changes in the materials could be observed after 30 days of patient use...
- In vitro research of the alteration of neurons in vagal core in medulla oblongata at asphyxic deaths
Naim Haliti
Department of Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Prishtina, Clinical Centre N N 10000, Prishtina, Kosovo
Bosn J Basic Med Sci 10:251-9. 2010
..Morphological changes that were investigated were mainly in the dorsal motor respiratory center (DMRC), nucleus tractus solitarius (nTS) and nucleus ambigus (nA) in the medulla oblongata...
- Health effects of inhaled gasoline engine emissions
Jacob D McDonald
Lovelace Respiratory Research Institute, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87109, USA
Inhal Toxicol 19:107-16. 2007
..A recent GEE study was conducted as part of the National Environmental Respiratory Center (www.nercenter.org)...
- Can carotid body perfusion act as a respiratory controller?
Arho Virkki
Biomathematics Research Group, Department of Mathematics, University of Turku, FIN 20014 Turku, Finland
J Theor Biol 249:737-48. 2007
..high blood perfusion through branches of the external carotid artery, their impulse activity to the respiratory center is thought to be determined mainly by the arterial partial pressures of oxygen (O(2)) and carbon dioxide (CO(..
- A prospective controlled study of sleep respiratory events in patients with craniovertebral junction malformation
Ricardo Vieira Botelho
Department of Psychobiology, Sleep Institute, Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
J Neurosurg 99:1004-9. 2003
..The respiratory center and some of its afferent and efferent components can be altered in these diseases...
- Health effects of subchronic exposure to environmental levels of hardwood smoke
M D Reed
Lovelace Respiratory Research Institute, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
Inhal Toxicol 18:523-39. 2006
..general health assessment of multiple anthropogenic source emissions conducted by the National Environmental Respiratory Center, a series of health assays was conducted on rodents exposed to environmentally relevant levels of hardwood ..
