central nervous system

Summary

Summary: The main information-processing organs of the nervous system, consisting of the brain, spinal cord, and meninges.

Top Publications

  1. ncbi IL-23 drives a pathogenic T cell population that induces autoimmune inflammation
    Claire L Langrish
    Discovery Research, DNAX Research Inc, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA
    J Exp Med 201:233-40. 2005
  2. ncbi Evidences that beta1 integrin and Rac1 are involved in the overriding effect of laminin on myelin-associated glycoprotein inhibitory activity on neuronal cells
    Sullivan Laforest
    FRE CNRS 2737, Faculte de Pharmacie, 27 Bd Jean Moulin, 13005 Marseille, France
    Mol Cell Neurosci 30:418-28. 2005
  3. ncbi A gene expression atlas of the central nervous system based on bacterial artificial chromosomes
    Shiaoching Gong
    GENSAT Project, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The Rockefeller University, 1230 York Avenue, Box 260, New York 10021, USA
    Nature 425:917-25. 2003
  4. ncbi The mystery and magic of glia: a perspective on their roles in health and disease
    Ben A Barres
    Department of Neurobiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
    Neuron 60:430-40. 2008
  5. ncbi Activation of central nervous system inflammatory pathways by interferon-alpha: relationship to monoamines and depression
    Charles L Raison
    Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
    Biol Psychiatry 65:296-303. 2009
  6. ncbi Insulin/IGF-like signalling, the central nervous system and aging
    Susan Broughton
    UCL Institute of Healthy Aging, GEE Genetics, Evolution and Environment, University College London, Gower St, London WC1E 6BT, UK
    Biochem J 418:1-12. 2009
  7. ncbi Central nervous system control of food intake and body weight
    G J Morton
    Department of Medicine, Harborview Medical Center and University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98104, USA
    Nature 443:289-95. 2006
  8. ncbi The myeloid cells of the central nervous system parenchyma
    Richard M Ransohoff
    Neuroinflammation Research Center Department of Neurosciences, Lerner Research Institute and Mellen Center for MS Treatment and Research Neurological Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Mail Code NC30, 9500 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, Ohio 44195, USA
    Nature 468:253-62. 2010
  9. ncbi Autophagy protects against Sindbis virus infection of the central nervous system
    Anthony Orvedahl
    Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, 75390, USA
    Cell Host Microbe 7:115-27. 2010
  10. ncbi Mosaic analysis with a repressible cell marker for studies of gene function in neuronal morphogenesis
    T Lee
    Department of Biological Sciences, Stanford University, California 94305, USA
    Neuron 22:451-61. 1999

Research Grants

  1. Human embryonic stem cell-derived neural crest stem cells and Hirschsprung disea
    SEAN MORRISON; Fiscal Year: 2009
  2. Human embryonic stem cell-derived neural crest stem cells and Hirschsprung disea
    Sean J Morrison; Fiscal Year: 2010
  3. CYTOKINE REGULATION OF CIITA AND CLASS II MHC IN GLIA
    ETTY BENVENISTE; Fiscal Year: 1999
  4. FETAL REFLEX RESPONSES TO CEREBRAL HYPOPERFUSION
    Charles Wood; Fiscal Year: 1999
  5. A Haplotype Map for Multiple Sclerosis
    Stephen L Hauser; Fiscal Year: 2010
  6. Mechanisms of apoptosis in the central nervous system
    Kenneth Tyler; Fiscal Year: 2009
  7. CHEMOKINE-MEDIATED NEUROPROTECTION AND REPAIR DURING WNV ENCEPHALITIS
    ROBYN SUE KLEIN; Fiscal Year: 2010
  8. CD-73 adenosine signaling in the central nervous system in disease and health
    MARGARET BYNOE; Fiscal Year: 2009
  9. Mechanisms of ethanol-induced neurodevelopmental effects
    Marina Guizzetti; Fiscal Year: 2009
  10. Mechanisms of ethanol-induced neurodevelopmental effects
    Marina Guizzetti; Fiscal Year: 2010

Detail Information

Publications254 found, 100 shown here

  1. ncbi IL-23 drives a pathogenic T cell population that induces autoimmune inflammation
    Claire L Langrish
    Discovery Research, DNAX Research Inc, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA
    J Exp Med 201:233-40. 2005
    ..Using passive transfer studies, we confirm that these IL-23-dependent CD4(+) T cells are highly pathogenic and essential for the establishment of organ-specific inflammation associated with central nervous system autoimmunity.
  2. ncbi Evidences that beta1 integrin and Rac1 are involved in the overriding effect of laminin on myelin-associated glycoprotein inhibitory activity on neuronal cells
    Sullivan Laforest
    FRE CNRS 2737, Faculte de Pharmacie, 27 Bd Jean Moulin, 13005 Marseille, France
    Mol Cell Neurosci 30:418-28. 2005
    ..Laminin overrode MAG activity on actin and prevented MAG inhibition NGF-induced Rac1 activation. In conclusion, we evidenced antagonistic signaling between MAG receptors and beta1 integrins, in which Rac-1 may have a central function...
  3. ncbi A gene expression atlas of the central nervous system based on bacterial artificial chromosomes
    Shiaoching Gong
    GENSAT Project, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The Rockefeller University, 1230 York Avenue, Box 260, New York 10021, USA
    Nature 425:917-25. 2003
    The mammalian central nervous system (CNS) contains a remarkable array of neural cells, each with a complex pattern of connections that together generate perceptions and higher brain functions...
  4. ncbi The mystery and magic of glia: a perspective on their roles in health and disease
    Ben A Barres
    Department of Neurobiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
    Neuron 60:430-40. 2008
    ..I argue that until the roles of nonneuronal cells are more fully understood and considered, neurobiology as a whole will progress only slowly...
  5. ncbi Activation of central nervous system inflammatory pathways by interferon-alpha: relationship to monoamines and depression
    Charles L Raison
    Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
    Biol Psychiatry 65:296-303. 2009
    ..The degree to which peripheral administration of IFN-alpha accesses the brain and is associated with a central nervous system (CNS) inflammatory response is unknown...
  6. ncbi Insulin/IGF-like signalling, the central nervous system and aging
    Susan Broughton
    UCL Institute of Healthy Aging, GEE Genetics, Evolution and Environment, University College London, Gower St, London WC1E 6BT, UK
    Biochem J 418:1-12. 2009
    ..One tissue of particular importance for lifespan extension in diverse organisms is the CNS (central nervous system)...
  7. ncbi Central nervous system control of food intake and body weight
    G J Morton
    Department of Medicine, Harborview Medical Center and University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98104, USA
    Nature 443:289-95. 2006
    ..This new information provides a biological context within which to consider the global obesity epidemic and identifies numerous potential avenues for therapeutic intervention and future research...
  8. ncbi The myeloid cells of the central nervous system parenchyma
    Richard M Ransohoff
    Neuroinflammation Research Center Department of Neurosciences, Lerner Research Institute and Mellen Center for MS Treatment and Research Neurological Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Mail Code NC30, 9500 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, Ohio 44195, USA
    Nature 468:253-62. 2010
    A microglial cell is both a glial cell of the central nervous system and a mononuclear phagocyte, which belongs to the haematopoietic system and is involved in inflammatory and immune responses. As such, microglia face a challenging task...
  9. ncbi Autophagy protects against Sindbis virus infection of the central nervous system
    Anthony Orvedahl
    Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, 75390, USA
    Cell Host Microbe 7:115-27. 2010
    ..gene Atg5 function is critical for protection against lethal Sindbis virus (SIN) infection of the mouse central nervous system. Inactivating Atg5 in SIN-infected neurons results in delayed clearance of viral proteins, increased ..
  10. ncbi Mosaic analysis with a repressible cell marker for studies of gene function in neuronal morphogenesis
    T Lee
    Department of Biological Sciences, Stanford University, California 94305, USA
    Neuron 22:451-61. 1999
    ..of gene functions in neuroblast proliferation, axon guidance, and dendritic elaboration in the complex central nervous system. As an example, we show that the short stop gene is required in mushroom body neurons for the extension ..
  11. ncbi Chemokine receptors in the central nervous system: role in brain inflammation and neurodegenerative diseases
    Laetitia Cartier
    Biology of Ageing Laboratory, Department of Geriatrics, Geneva University Hospitals, 2 chemin du Petit-Bel Air, , Switzerland
    Brain Res Brain Res Rev 48:16-42. 2005
    ..The study of chemokines and their receptors in the central nervous system (CNS) is not only relevant for the understanding of brain physiology and pathophysiology, but may also ..
  12. ncbi Beta-lactam antibiotics offer neuroprotection by increasing glutamate transporter expression
    Jeffrey D Rothstein
    Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21287, USA
    Nature 433:73-7. 2005
    ..Thus these studies provide a class of potential neurotherapeutics that act to modulate the expression of glutamate neurotransmitter transporters via gene activation...
  13. ncbi Adult neurogenesis in the mammalian central nervous system
    Guo li Ming
    Institute for Cell Engineering, Departments of Neurology and Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
    Annu Rev Neurosci 28:223-50. 2005
    ..Advances in our understanding of adult neurogenesis will not only shed light on the basic principles of adult plasticity, but also may lead to strategies for cell replacement therapy after injury or degenerative neurological diseases...
  14. ncbi NOX enzymes in the central nervous system: from signaling to disease
    Silvia Sorce
    Department of Pathology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
    Antioxid Redox Signal 11:2481-504. 2009
    ..In this review, we summarize the present knowledge about NOX enzymes in the central nervous system and their involvement in neurologic and psychiatric diseases.
  15. ncbi Doublesex establishes sexual dimorphism in the Drosophila central nervous system in an isoform-dependent manner by directing cell number
    Laura E Sanders
    Sections of Molecular and Computational Biology, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089, USA
    Dev Biol 320:378-90. 2008
    ..Here, the mechanisms by which DSX acts to establish dimorphism in the central nervous system were examined...
  16. ncbi Validation of the CNS Penetration-Effectiveness rank for quantifying antiretroviral penetration into the central nervous system
    Scott Letendre
    University of California, San Diego, 150 W Washington St, San Diego, CA 92103, USA
    Arch Neurol 65:65-70. 2008
    To evaluate whether penetration of a combination regimen into the central nervous system (CNS), as estimated by the CNS Penetration-Effectiveness (CPE) rank, is associated with lower cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) viral load.
  17. ncbi Physiology and pathophysiology of Na(+)/H(+) exchange isoform 1 in the central nervous system
    Jing Luo
    Department of Physiology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53792, USA
    Curr Neurovasc Res 4:205-15. 2007
    ..NHE1 is the most abundant NHE isoform in the rat central nervous system (CNS). This review discusses distribution and regulation of NHE1, and its physiological roles in the CNS...
  18. ncbi NG2-expressing glial progenitor cells: an abundant and widespread population of cycling cells in the adult rat CNS
    Mary R L Dawson
    Department of Neuroinflammation, Imperial College London, Charing Cross Hospital Campus, UK
    Mol Cell Neurosci 24:476-88. 2003
    ....
  19. ncbi Highly pathogenic H5N1 influenza virus can enter the central nervous system and induce neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration
    Haeman Jang
    Department of Developmental Neurobiolog, St Jude Children s Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN 38105 3678, USA
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 106:14063-8. 2009
    ..Our results suggest that a pandemic H5N1 pathogen, or other neurotropic influenza virus, could initiate CNS disorders of protein aggregation including Parkinson's and Alzheimer's diseases...
  20. ncbi Molecular mechanisms of node of Ranvier formation
    Keiichiro Susuki
    Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston TX 77030, USA
    Curr Opin Cell Biol 20:616-23. 2008
    ..In the central nervous system, both glial soluble factors and paranodal axoglial junctions may function in a complementary manner to ..
  21. ncbi Neurologic manifestations and outcome of West Nile virus infection
    James J Sejvar
    Division of Viral and Rickettsial Diseases, National Center for Infectious Diseases, and Epidemic Intelligence Service, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30333, USA
    JAMA 290:511-5. 2003
    ..The neurologic manifestations, laboratory findings, and outcome of patients with West Nile virus (WNV) infection have not been prospectively characterized...
  22. ncbi CNS-derived interleukin-4 is essential for the regulation of autoimmune inflammation and induces a state of alternative activation in microglial cells
    Eugene D Ponomarev
    BloodCenter of Wisconsin, Blood Research Institute, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53201 2178, USA
    J Neurosci 27:10714-21. 2007
    ..Macrophages that have undergone alternative activation have been shown to be important in tissue repair; thus, our results suggest a new role for microglial cells in the regulation of inflammation in the CNS...
  23. ncbi Inflammation induced by innate immunity in the central nervous system leads to primary astrocyte dysfunction followed by demyelination
    Rakhi Sharma
    Centre for Brain Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
    Acta Neuropathol 120:223-36. 2010
    ..of astrocytes may trigger demyelination, as seen in neuromyelitis optica, an inflammatory disease of the central nervous system. In most patients affected by this disease, injury to astrocytes is initiated by the action of ..
  24. ncbi Expression of the zebrafish CD133/prominin1 genes in cellular proliferation zones in the embryonic central nervous system and sensory organs
    Maura McGrail
    Department of Genetics, Development and Cell Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
    Dev Dyn 239:1849-57. 2010
    ..and overlapping patterns of expression in proliferating zones in the developing sensory organs and central nervous system. The expression patterns suggest functional conservation of the zebrafish prominin1 genes...
  25. ncbi Multiple roles of chemokine CXCL12 in the central nervous system: a migration from immunology to neurobiology
    Meizhang Li
    Neuroinflammation Research Center, Department of Neurosciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Mail Code NC30, 9500 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
    Prog Neurobiol 84:116-31. 2008
    ..However, chemokines and their cognate receptors are constitutively expressed in the central nervous system (CNS) where immune activities are under stringent control...
  26. ncbi Retinoid X receptor gamma signaling accelerates CNS remyelination
    Jeffrey K Huang
    MRC Centre for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine and Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
    Nat Neurosci 14:45-53. 2011
    ..Our results indicate that RXR-γ is a positive regulator of endogenous oligodendrocyte precursor cell differentiation and remyelination and might be a pharmacological target for regenerative therapy in the CNS...
  27. ncbi Axonal swellings and degeneration in mice lacking the major proteolipid of myelin
    I Griffiths
    Applied Neurobiology Group, Department of Veterinary Clinical Studies, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G61 1QH, Scotland, UK
    Science 280:1610-3. 1998
    ..Thus, fiber degeneration, which was probably secondary to impaired axonal transport, could indicate that myelinated axons require local oligodendroglial support...
  28. ncbi Lymphocytic choriomeningitis infection of the central nervous system
    Silvia S Kang
    Molecular and Integrative Neurosciences Department, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
    Front Biosci 13:4529-43. 2008
    Viral infection of the central nervous system (CNS) can result in a multitude of responses including pathology, persistence or immune clearance...
  29. ncbi The cellular, molecular and ionic basis of GABA(A) receptor signalling
    Mark Farrant
    Department of Pharmacology, UCL University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK
    Prog Brain Res 160:59-87. 2007
    ..Untangling all these complexities allows us to appreciate the variety of GABA-mediated signalling, a diverse set of phenomena encompassing both synaptic and non-synaptic functions that can be overtly excitatory as well as inhibitory...
  30. ncbi License to run: exercise impacts functional plasticity in the intact and injured central nervous system by using neurotrophins
    Shoshanna Vaynman
    Department of Neurosurgery and Physiological Science, and Brain Injury Research Center, UCLA School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
    Neurorehabil Neural Repair 19:283-95. 2005
    ....
  31. ncbi Proteoglycans in the central nervous system: plasticity, regeneration and their stimulation with chondroitinase ABC
    Jessica C F Kwok
    Cambridge Centre for Brain Repair, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Robinson Way, Cambridge CB2 2PY, UK
    Restor Neurol Neurosci 26:131-45. 2008
    After injury to the mammalian central nervous system (CNS), neurons are not able to regenerate their axons and recovery is limited by restricted plasticity...
  32. ncbi Neuropilin-1 is required for endothelial tip cell guidance in the developing central nervous system
    Holger Gerhardt
    Department of Medical Biochemistry, University of Goteborg, Medicinaregatan 9A, Box 440, SE 405 30 Goteborg, Sweden
    Dev Dyn 231:503-9. 2004
    Recent evidence indicates that sprouting angiogenesis in the central nervous system (CNS) is a guided process similar to the guidance of axons and insect tracheal tubes...
  33. ncbi The TIMPs tango with MMPs and more in the central nervous system
    Stephen J Crocker
    Department of Neuropharmacology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California 92037, USA
    J Neurosci Res 75:1-11. 2004
    ....
  34. ncbi Sanpodo and Notch act in opposition to Numb to distinguish sibling neuron fates in the Drosophila CNS
    J B Skeath
    Department of Cell and Structural Biology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
    Development 125:1857-65. 1998
    ..Taken together, these results show that interactions between sanpodo, the Notch signaling pathway and numb enable CNS sibling neurons to acquire different fates...
  35. ncbi Autoimmune T cell responses in the central nervous system
    Joan Goverman
    Department of Immunology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195 7650, USA
    Nat Rev Immunol 9:393-407. 2009
    Autoreactive T cell responses have a crucial role in central nervous system (CNS) diseases such as multiple sclerosis...
  36. ncbi Monocyte/macrophage trafficking in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome encephalitis: lessons from human and nonhuman primate studies
    Tracy Fischer-Smith
    Department of Neuroscience, Center for Neurovirology, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
    J Neurovirol 14:318-26. 2008
    ..supporting two opposing views regarding the pathogenesis of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in the central nervous system (CNS): (1) HIV infection in the CNS is a compartmentalized infection, with the virus-infected macrophages ..
  37. ncbi Different timings of Dicer deletion affect neurogenesis and gliogenesis in the developing mouse central nervous system
    Yoko Kawase-Koga
    Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, New York 10065, USA
    Dev Dyn 238:2800-12. 2009
    ..The function of Dicer in the mouse central nervous system (CNS) development is not well understood...
  38. ncbi Genetic control of Drosophila nerve cord development
    James B Skeath
    Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, 4566 Scott Avenue, St Louis, MO 63110, USA
    Curr Opin Neurobiol 13:8-15. 2003
    ..These genes in turn specify the identity of any given postmitotic cell, which is evident by its cellular morphology and choice of neurotransmitter...
  39. ncbi Long-range neural and gap junction protein-mediated cues control polarity during planarian regeneration
    Néstor J Oviedo
    Center for Regenerative and Developmental Biology and Department of Biology, Tufts University Suite 4600, 200 Boston Avenue, Medford MA 02155, USA
    Dev Biol 339:188-99. 2010
    ..We identified novel early signals, mediated by the central nervous system and 3 innexin proteins, which determine the fate and axial polarity of regenerated tissue in planarians...
  40. ncbi A gamma-secretase inhibitor decreases amyloid-beta production in the central nervous system
    Randall J Bateman
    Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
    Ann Neurol 66:48-54. 2009
    Accumulation of amyloid-beta (Abeta) by overproduction or underclearance in the central nervous system (CNS) is hypothesized to be a necessary event in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease...
  41. ncbi The sympathetic control of blood pressure
    Patrice G Guyenet
    Department of Pharmacology, Health Sciences Center, University of Virginia, 1300 Jefferson Park Avenue, Charlottesville, Virginia 22908 0735, USA
    Nat Rev Neurosci 7:335-46. 2006
    ..This review examines how the sympathetic tone to cardiovascular organs is generated, and discusses how elevated sympathetic tone can contribute to hypertension...
  42. ncbi Activity and injury-dependent expression of inducible transcription factors, growth factors and apoptosis-related genes within the central nervous system
    P E Hughes
    Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology and Research Centre for Developmental Medicine and Biology, School of Medicine, The University of Auckland, New Zealand
    Prog Neurobiol 57:421-50. 1999
    ..Here we discuss our results which show that pharmacological enhancement of this response with exogenous application of IGF-1 or TGF-beta reduces neuronal loss after brain injury...
  43. ncbi Polydendrocytes (NG2 cells): multifunctional cells with lineage plasticity
    Akiko Nishiyama
    Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, University of Connecticut, 75 North Eagleville Road, Storrs, Connecticut 06269 3156, USA
    Nat Rev Neurosci 10:9-22. 2009
    ..This Review highlights recent findings and unresolved questions related to the lineage and function of polydendrocytes in the CNS...
  44. ncbi Functional relevance of neurotransmitter receptor heteromers in the central nervous system
    Sergi Ferre
    Behavioral Neuroscience Branch, National Institute on Drug Abuse, Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
    Trends Neurosci 30:440-6. 2007
    ..This is illustrated by the analysis of striatal receptor heteromers that control striatal glutamatergic neurotransmission...
  45. ncbi Drug delivery to the central nervous system: a review
    Ambikanandan Misra
    Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Technology and Engineering, M S University of Baroda, Kalabhavan, Vadodara 390001 Gujarat
    J Pharm Pharm Sci 6:252-73. 2003
    ..Despite aggressive research, patients suffering from fatal and/or debilitating central nervous system (CNS) diseases, such as brain tumors, HIV encephalopathy, epilepsy, cerebrovascular diseases and ..
  46. ncbi Assembly of CNS myelin in the absence of proteolipid protein
    M Klugmann
    Zentrum für Molekulare Biologie ZMBH University of Heidelburg, Federal Republic of Germany
    Neuron 18:59-70. 1997
    Two proteolipid proteins, PLP and DM20, are the major membrane components of central nervous system (CNS) myelin. Mutations of the X-linked PLP/DM20 gene cause dysmyelination in mouse and man and result in significant mortality...
  47. ncbi The neurotoxicant, cuprizone, as a model to study demyelination and remyelination in the central nervous system
    G K Matsushima
    UNC Neuroscience Center, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 27599, USA
    Brain Pathol 11:107-16. 2001
    ..g. available knockouts or transgenics on the common genetic background, or pharmacological treatments) which may accelerate or repress the process of demyelination and or remyelination...
  48. ncbi Interleukin-17 production in central nervous system-infiltrating T cells and glial cells is associated with active disease in multiple sclerosis
    John S Tzartos
    Department of Neuropathology, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK
    Am J Pathol 172:146-55. 2008
    ....
  49. ncbi Drosophila melanogaster neurobiology, neuropharmacology, and how the fly can inform central nervous system drug discovery
    Charles D Nichols
    Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, LSU Health Sciences Center, 1901 Perdido St, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
    Pharmacol Ther 112:677-700. 2006
    b>Central nervous system (CNS) drug discovery in the post-genomic era is rapidly evolving...
  50. ncbi Migratory activity and functional changes of green fluorescent effector cells before and during experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis
    A Flügel
    Max Planck Institute of Neurobiology, Department of Neuroimmunology, 82152 Martinsried, 10098, Berlin, Germany
    Immunity 14:547-60. 2001
    ..Within the CNS, the effector cells are reactivated, with upregulated proinflammatory cytokines and downmodulated T cell receptor-associated structures, presumably reflecting autoantigen recognition in situ...
  51. ncbi Expression of TLR4 and CD14 in the central nervous system (CNS) in a MPTP mouse model of Parkinson's-like disease
    Maria Antonietta Panaro
    Department of Human Anatomy and Histology, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
    Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol 30:729-40. 2008
    Systemic infections are often associated with neurodegenerative processes in many diseases of the central nervous system (CNS), including Parkinson's disease...
  52. ncbi SOX2 functions to maintain neural progenitor identity
    Victoria Graham
    Neuroscience Center, Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
    Neuron 39:749-65. 2003
    ..Taken together, these data indicate that SOXB1 signaling is both necessary and sufficient to maintain panneural properties of neural progenitor cells...
  53. ncbi Shiga toxin 2 affects the central nervous system through receptor globotriaosylceramide localized to neurons
    Fumiko Obata
    Departments of Medicine Nephrology and Microbiology, University of Virginia Health Science Center, Charlottesville, VA, USA
    J Infect Dis 198:1398-406. 2008
    ..Globotriaosylceramide (Gb(3)), the receptor for Stx2, was localized to neurons of the central nervous system (CNS) of normal mice. Gb3 was not found in astrocytes or endothelial cells of the CNS...
  54. ncbi Localizing central nervous system immune surveillance: meningeal antigen-presenting cells activate T cells during experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis
    Pia Kivisakk
    Center for Neurological Diseases, Brigham and Women s Hospital, Department of Neurology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
    Ann Neurol 65:457-69. 2009
    ..autoimmune encephalomyelitis is tightly associated with infiltration and reactivation of T cells in the central nervous system. The anatomic localization of the initial T cell-antigen-presenting cell (APC) interactions leading to ..
  55. ncbi Microenvironmental determinants of adult neural stem cell proliferation and lineage commitment in the healthy and injured central nervous system
    Emmanuel Moyse
    Laboratoire Physiologie Neurovégétative, UMR 6231 CNRS, Université Aix Marseille 3, Av Escadrille Normandie Niemen, 13397 Marseille, France
    Curr Stem Cell Res Ther 3:163-84. 2008
    ....
  56. ncbi Microglia and neuropathic pain
    Kazuhide Inoue
    Department of Molecular and System Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
    Glia 57:1469-79. 2009
    ..Elucidating how spinal microglia cause neuropathic pain may provide us with exciting insights into pain mechanisms and clues for developing new drugs for the treatment of neuropathic pain...
  57. ncbi Optimized flow cytometric analysis of central nervous system tissue reveals novel functional relationships among cells expressing CD133, CD15, and CD24
    David M Panchision
    Children s National Medical Center, Center for Neuroscience Research, 5th Floor, Suite 5340, 111 Michigan Avenue, N W, Washington, DC 20010, USA
    Stem Cells 25:1560-70. 2007
    ..We compared dissociation methods on viability and antigen recognition of mouse central nervous system (CNS) tissue and human CNS tumor tissue...
  58. ncbi Inhibition of THC-induced effects on the central nervous system and heart rate by a novel CB1 receptor antagonist AVE1625
    L Zuurman
    Centre for Human Drug Research, Leiden, The Netherlands
    J Psychopharmacol 24:363-71. 2010
    ..This study shows a useful method for studying the effects of CB1 antagonists. AVE1625 penetrates the brain and antagonises THC-induced effects with doses at or above 20 mg...
  59. ncbi The innate immunity of the central nervous system in chronic pain: the role of Toll-like receptors
    L H Guo
    Institute of Brain Research, University of Tuebingen, Calwer Str 3, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany
    Cell Mol Life Sci 64:1128-36. 2007
    ..Under various pathological conditions, the central nervous system (CNS) mounts a well-organized innate immune response, in which glial cells, in particular microglia, are ..
  60. ncbi Immunology of multiple sclerosis
    Mireia Sospedra
    Cellular Immunology Section, Neuroimmunology Branch, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892 1400, USA
    Annu Rev Immunol 23:683-747. 2005
    ..Damage of the target tissue, the central nervous system, is, however, most likely mediated by other components of the immune system, such as antibodies, ..
  61. ncbi A quantitative proteomic analysis of long-term memory
    David Rosenegger
    Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Faculty of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta T2N 4N1, Canada
    Mol Brain 3:9. 2010
    ..Several components of these processes have already been identified. However, due to the complexity of the memory formation process, there likely remain many yet to be identified proteins involved in memory formation and persistence...
  62. ncbi Considering the evolution of regeneration in the central nervous system
    Elly M Tanaka
    Center for Regeneration Therapies, University of Technology, Dresden, c o Max Planck Institute for Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, Pfotenhauerstrasse 108, 01307 Dresden, Germany
    Nat Rev Neurosci 10:713-23. 2009
    ..Here we compare CNS regeneration among vertebrates and speculate on how this ability may have emerged or been restricted...
  63. ncbi Randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial of bevacizumab therapy for radiation necrosis of the central nervous system
    Victor A Levin
    Department of Neuro Oncology, University of Texas M D Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77230 1402, USA
    Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 79:1487-95. 2011
    ..To conduct a controlled trial of bevacizumab for the treatment of symptomatic radiation necrosis of the brain...
  64. ncbi DCAMKL1 encodes a protein kinase with homology to doublecortin that regulates microtubule polymerization
    P T Lin
    Division of Neurogenetics, Department of Neurology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, 02115, USA
    J Neurosci 20:9152-61. 2000
    ..Because DCAMKL1 is coexpressed with DCX, the two proteins form a potentially mutually regulatory network linking calcium signaling and microtubule dynamics...
  65. ncbi Neuregulin-1/ErbB signaling serves distinct functions in myelination of the peripheral and central nervous system
    Bastian G Brinkmann
    Department of Neurogenetics, Max Planck Institute of Experimental Medicine, Goettingen 37075, Germany
    Neuron 59:581-95. 2008
    ..Thus, NRG1/ErbB signaling is markedly different between Schwann cells and oligodendrocytes that have evolved an NRG/ErbB-independent mechanism of myelination control...
  66. ncbi Expression of mouse Coiled-coil-DIX1 (Ccd1), a positive regulator of Wnt signaling, during embryonic development
    Katsunori Soma
    Department of Molecular Neurobiology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1 1 1 Tennoudai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305 8577, Japan
    Gene Expr Patterns 6:325-30. 2006
    ..5, and in the branchial arch and forelimb bud at E9.5. In the central nervous system, Ccd1 expression began and persisted in the regions where the neurons differentiated, so that it was ..
  67. ncbi Developmental expression of fibroblast growth factor (FGF) receptors in neural stem cell progeny. Modulation of neuronal and glial lineages by basic FGF treatment
    D Reimers
    Research Department, , , Madrid, Spain
    Neurol Res 23:612-21. 2001
    ..Together these data provide evidence that FGFs modulate the development of EGF-expanded NSCs, and that this is at least partly determined by a cell lineage-specific expression of multiple FGFRs...
  68. ncbi The PDZ domain protein PICK1 and the sodium channel BNaC1 interact and localize at mechanosensory terminals of dorsal root ganglion neurons and dendrites of central neurons
    Anne Duggan
    Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Department of Neurobiology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA
    J Biol Chem 277:5203-8. 2002
    ..Therefore, PICK1 interacts with BNaC/ASIC channels and may regulate their subcellular distribution or function in both peripheral and central neurons...
  69. ncbi Involvement of gap junctions in the development of the neocortex
    Bernd Sutor
    Institute of Physiology, University of Munich, Pettenkoferstrasse 12, 80336 Munchen, Germany
    Biochim Biophys Acta 1719:59-68. 2005
    ....
  70. ncbi From stem cells to neurons and glia: a Soxist's view of neural development
    Michael Wegner
    Institut fur Biochemie, Universitat Erlangen Nurnberg, D 91054 Erlangen, Germany
    Trends Neurosci 28:583-8. 2005
    ..Transcription factors of the Sox family provide important clues about the control of these events. In the central nervous system (CNS), Sox1, Sox2 and Sox3 are required for stem-cell maintenance, and their effects are counteracted by ..
  71. ncbi Long-term fate of neural precursor cells following transplantation into developing and adult CNS
    A C Lepore
    Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, 2900 Queen Lane, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19129, USA
    Neuroscience 142:287-304. 2006
    ....
  72. ncbi Developmental expression of monoamine oxidases A and B in the central and peripheral nervous systems of the mouse
    Tania Vitalis
    Department of Biomedical Sciences, Edinburgh EH8 9XD, Scotland, United Kingdom
    J Comp Neurol 442:331-47. 2002
    ..These localizations are of importance for understanding the effects of monoaminergic transmission during development...
  73. ncbi Increased Wnt levels in the neural tube impair the function of adherens junctions during neurulation
    Maria Shariatmadari
    Neonatal Unit, Department of Woman and Child Health, Astrid Lindgren Children s Hospital, Q2 09, Karolinska Institutet, S 171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
    Mol Cell Neurosci 30:437-51. 2005
    ..Thus, our findings suggest that Wnt7a overexpression disrupts normal Wnt signaling in the neural tube, resulting in defective adherens junctions and neurulation...
  74. ncbi Visualization of spatiotemporal activation of Notch signaling: live monitoring and significance in neural development
    Jun Kohyama
    Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
    Dev Biol 286:311-25. 2005
    ....
  75. ncbi Multipotentiality, homing properties, and pyramidal neurogenesis of CNS-derived LeX(ssea-1)+/CXCR4+ stem cells
    Stefania Corti
    Dino Ferrari Centre, Department of Neurological Sciences, University of Milan, IRCCS Foundation, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Mangiagalli and Regina Elena, Milan, Italy
    FASEB J 19:1860-2. 2005
    Achieving efficient distribution of neural stem cells throughout the central nervous system (CNS) and robust generation of specific neurons is a major challenge for the development of cell-mediated therapy for neurodegenerative diseases...
  76. ncbi Expression of GATA6 in the human and mouse central nervous system
    Deepak Kamnasaran
    The Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumor Research Centre, The Hospital for Sick Children Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5G 1X8
    Brain Res Dev Brain Res 160:90-5. 2005
    ..The expression profile of GATA6 has been poorly defined in the central nervous system (CNS)...
  77. ncbi Bral1, a brain-specific link protein, colocalizing with the versican V2 isoform at the nodes of Ranvier in developing and adult mouse central nervous systems
    Toshitaka Oohashi
    Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine and Dentistry, Okayama, 700 8558, Japan
    Mol Cell Neurosci 19:43-57. 2002
    ..The present data suggest that Bral1 may play a pivotal role in the formation of the hyaluronan-associated matrix in the CNS that facilitates neuronal conduction by forming an ion diffusion barrier at the nodes...
  78. ncbi Mammalian achaete-scute and atonal homologs regulate neuronal versus glial fate determination in the central nervous system
    K Tomita
    Institute for Virus Research, Kyoto University, Shogoin Kawahara, Sakyo ku, Kyoto 606 8507, Japan
    EMBO J 19:5460-72. 2000
    ..and atonal (ato) homologs are required for neurogenesis, their neuronal determination activities in the central nervous system (CNS) are not yet supported by loss-of-function studies, probably because of genetic redundancy...
  79. ncbi Mcl-1 is a key regulator of apoptosis during CNS development and after DNA damage
    Nicole Arbour
    Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, Ottawa Health Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1H 8M5
    J Neurosci 28:6068-78. 2008
    ..Together, our results are the first to demonstrate the requirement of Mcl-1, an anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 family protein, for cortical neurogenesis and the survival of neurons after DNA damage...
  80. ncbi The folate metabolic enzyme ALDH1L1 is restricted to the midline of the early CNS, suggesting a role in human neural tube defects
    Todd E Anthony
    Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Rockefeller University, New York, New York, USA
    J Comp Neurol 500:368-83. 2007
    ..Consistent with previous work showing antiproliferative effects in vitro, ALDH1L1 upregulation during central nervous system (CNS) development correlates with reduced proliferation and most midline ALDH1L1(+) cells are quiescent...
  81. ncbi Environmental signals regulate lineage choice and temporal maturation of neural stem cells from human embryonic stem cells
    Alexis J Joannides
    Centre for Brain Repair, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
    Brain 130:1263-75. 2007
    ..Controlled manipulation of environmental signals appropriate to the pathological specificity of the targeted disease will be necessary in the design of therapeutic stem cell-based strategies...
  82. ncbi Receptor protein tyrosine phosphatase from stem cells to mature glial cells of the central nervous system
    Smaragda Lamprianou
    Institut Pasteur, Department of Neuroscience, 75724 Paris, France
    J Mol Neurosci 29:241-55. 2006
    ..In this review, we have summarized recent findings of PTP expression during development of the central nervous system and the different cell types of the brain, from stem cells to mature glial cells, and highlighted the ..
  83. ncbi Neogenin is expressed on neurogenic and gliogenic progenitors in the embryonic and adult central nervous system
    Daniel P Fitzgerald
    Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
    Gene Expr Patterns 7:784-92. 2007
    ..Here we have undertaken a detailed analysis of Neogenin expression in the embryonic mouse central nervous system at key developmental time points...
  84. ncbi NG2 and Olig2 expression provides evidence for phenotypic deregulation of cultured central nervous system and peripheral nervous system neural precursor cells
    Cecile Dromard
    INSERM U583, Physiopathologie et Thérapie des Déficits Sensoriels et Moteurs Institut des Neurosciences de Montpellier, Hopital St Eloi, BP 74103 80, avenue Augustin Fliche 34091 Montpellier Cedex 05, France
    Stem Cells 25:340-53. 2007
    ..Here, we report that NS derived from several embryonic and adult central nervous system (CNS) regions are composed mainly of remarkable cells coexpressing radial glia markers (BLBP, RC2, GLAST), ..
  85. ncbi Protein 600 is a microtubule/endoplasmic reticulum-associated protein in CNS neurons
    Su Yeon Shim
    Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada T2N 4N1
    J Neurosci 28:3604-14. 2008
    ..Thus, p600 constitutes the only known MAP to associate with the ER in neurons, and this interaction may impact on multiple cellular processes ranging from neuronal development to neuronal maturation and plasticity...
  86. ncbi The regulation of Krox-20 expression reveals important steps in the control of peripheral glial cell development
    P Murphy
    Unité 368 de l Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Ecole Normale Superieure, Paris, France
    Development 122:2847-57. 1996
    ..iii) In sensory ganglia, the microenvironment is capable of negatively regulating Krox-20, presumably by preventing the conversion of satellite glial cells toward a Schwann cell-like phenotype...
  87. ncbi A role for SOX1 in neural determination
    L H Pevny
    Division of Developmental Genetics, MRC National Institute for Medical Research, London, UK
    Development 125:1967-78. 1998
    ..SOX1, therefore, defines the dividing neural precursors of the embryonic central nervous system (CNS).
  88. ncbi Integrin alpha1 localization in murine central and peripheral nervous system
    S Murase
    Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan
    J Comp Neurol 395:161-76. 1998
    ..expressing integrin alpha1 subunit protein (INTalpha1) was examined in adult mouse tissues of not only the central nervous system, but also the sympathetic ganglia, and the adrenal gland by immunohistochemistry and immunoelectron ..
  89. ncbi Presenilin 1 in migration and morphogenesis in the central nervous system
    Angeliki Louvi
    Department of Neurobiology, Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Chicago, 947 E 58th Street, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
    Development 131:3093-105. 2004
    Morphogenesis of the central nervous system relies in large part upon the correct migration of neuronal cells from birthplace to final position...
  90. ncbi Characterization of TROY-expressing cells in the developing and postnatal CNS: the possible role in neuronal and glial cell development
    Tomoko Hisaoka
    Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Wakayama Medical University, 811 1, Kimiidera, Wakayama 641 8509, Japan
    Eur J Neurosci 23:3149-60. 2006
    ..These findings suggest that the signaling from TROY regulates neuronal differentiation at least in part...
  91. ncbi QKI expression is regulated during neuron-glial cell fate decisions
    R J Hardy
    Brookdale Center for Developmental and Molecular Biology, Mount Sinai Medical School, New York, New York, USA
    J Neurosci Res 54:46-57. 1998
    ....
  92. ncbi Mutations in the nervous system--specific HSN2 exon of WNK1 cause hereditary sensory neuropathy type II
    Masoud Shekarabi
    Centre of Excellence in Neuromics, University of Montreal, Centre Hospitalier de l Universite de Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
    J Clin Invest 118:2496-505. 2008
    ..The characteristics of WNK1/HSN2 point to a possible role for this gene in the peripheral sensory perception deficits characterizing HSANII...
  93. ncbi One-step induction of neurons from mouse embryonic stem cells in serum-free media containing vitamin B12 and heparin
    Hironori Yamazoe
    Department of Reparative Materials, Institute for Frontier Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, 53 Kawahara-cho, Shogoin, Sakyo, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
    Cell Transplant 15:135-45. 2006
    ..In addition, this method can facilitate the discovery of soluble factors and genes that can aid in the induction of the ES cell to its neural fate...
  94. ncbi Multiple splice isoforms of proteolipid M6B in neurons and oligodendrocytes
    H Werner
    Department of Neurogenetics, Max Planck Institute of Experimental Medicine, D 37075 Goettingen, Germany
    Mol Cell Neurosci 18:593-605. 2001
    ..Cotransfection experiments suggest a physical interaction of M6B and mutant PLP, when retained in the endoplasmic reticulum, that may also contribute to oligodendrocyte dysfunction in Pelizaeus-Merzbacher disease...
  95. ncbi Identification of neuronal cell lineage-specific molecules in the neuronal differentiation of P19 EC cells and mouse central nervous system
    Masaharu Kotani
    Department of Clinical Genetics, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo Metropolitan Organization for Medical Research, Tokyo, Japan
    J Neurosci Res 67:595-606. 2002
    ..was concluded that RANDAM-1 is a stage specific antigen to express on the neural stem cells, and RANDAM-2 is constitutively expressed on both the neural stem cells and differentiated neuronal cells in mouse central nervous system (CNS).
  96. ncbi Cell-type-specific expression of protein tyrosine kinase-related receptor RYK in the central nervous system of the rat
    Kazuyo Kamitori
    Department of Neurochemistry, National Institute of Neuroscience, 4 1 1 Ogawa Higashi, Kodaira, Tokyo, Japan
    Brain Res Mol Brain Res 104:255-66. 2002
    ..In the present study, immunohistochemistry has been used to further localize RYK in the central nervous system of rats to identify the lineage of the RYK-expressing cells...
  97. ncbi CNS integrins switch growth factor signalling to promote target-dependent survival
    Holly Colognato
    Department of Medical Genetics and Center for Brain Repair, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 2PY, UK
    Nat Cell Biol 4:833-41. 2002
    ..consequent enhanced survival provides a mechanism for target-dependent selection during development of the central nervous system. This integrin-regulated switch reverses the capacity of neuregulin to inhibit the differentiation of ..
  98. ncbi Distinct effects of caudalizing factors on regional specification of embryonic stem cell-derived neural precursors
    Takashi Irioka
    Organogenesis and Neurogenesis Group, Center for Developmental Biology, RIKEN, 2-2-3 Minatojima-minamimachi, Chuo, Kobe 650-0047, Japan
    Brain Res Dev Brain Res 154:63-70. 2005
    ..studies have implicated several "caudalizing factors" in the caudal specification of the central nervous system (CNS)...
  99. ncbi Neudesin, a novel secreted protein with a unique primary structure and neurotrophic activity
    Ikuo Kimura
    Department of Genetic Biochemistry, Kyoto University Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sakyo, Kyoto, Japan
    J Neurosci Res 79:287-94. 2005
    ..The identification of neudesin, a novel secreted protein with a unique primary structure and neurotrophic activity, will provide new insights into the development and maintenance of neuron..
  100. ncbi beta-Catenin signals regulate cell growth and the balance between progenitor cell expansion and differentiation in the nervous system
    Dietmar Zechner
    Max Delbrück Center of Molecular Medicine, Robert Rossle Str 10, 13125, Berlin, Germany
    Dev Biol 258:406-18. 2003
    ..We employed here two conditional beta-catenin mutant alleles to alter beta-catenin signaling in the central nervous system of mice: one allele to ablate beta-catenin and the second allele to express a constitutively active beta-..
  101. ncbi Molecular characterization and developmental expression pattern of the chicken apolipoprotein D gene: implications for the evolution of vertebrate lipocalins
    Maria D Ganfornina
    Departamento de Bioquímica y Fisiología y Genética Molecular IBGM, Universidad de Valladolid CSIC, Valladolid, Spain
    Dev Dyn 232:191-9. 2005
    ..ApoD is expressed in subsets of central nervous system (CNS) neurons and glia during late chicken embryogenesis...

Research Grants91

  1. Human embryonic stem cell-derived neural crest stem cells and Hirschsprung disea
    SEAN MORRISON; Fiscal Year: 2009
    ..anders.bjorklund@mphy.lu.se</auth-address><titles><title>Cell replacement therapies for central nervous system disorders</title><secondary-title>Nat Neurosci</secondary-title></titles><..
  2. Human embryonic stem cell-derived neural crest stem cells and Hirschsprung disea
    Sean J Morrison; Fiscal Year: 2010
    ..anders.bjorklund@mphy.lu.se</auth-address><titles><title>Cell replacement therapies for central nervous system disorders</title><secondary-title>Nat Neurosci</secondary-title></titles><..
  3. CYTOKINE REGULATION OF CIITA AND CLASS II MHC IN GLIA
    ETTY BENVENISTE; Fiscal Year: 1999
    ..is to understand the cellular and molecular mechanisms of immune and inflammatory responses within the central nervous system (CNS)...
  4. FETAL REFLEX RESPONSES TO CEREBRAL HYPOPERFUSION
    Charles Wood; Fiscal Year: 1999
    ..that reductions in cerebral blood flow stimulate the local production of prostanoids within the central nervous system which, in turn, stimulate adrenocorticotropin (ACTH) and cardiovascular responses...
  5. A Haplotype Map for Multiple Sclerosis
    Stephen L Hauser; Fiscal Year: 2010
    Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a common and severe disorder of the central nervous system characterized by chronic inflammation, myelin loss, gliosis, varying degrees of axonal and oligodendrocyte pathology, and progressive neurological ..
  6. Mechanisms of apoptosis in the central nervous system
    Kenneth Tyler; Fiscal Year: 2009
    ..Novel strategies for identifying and treating viral central nervous system (CNS) infections are thus urgently needed. OBJECTIVE 1...
  7. CHEMOKINE-MEDIATED NEUROPROTECTION AND REPAIR DURING WNV ENCEPHALITIS
    ROBYN SUE KLEIN; Fiscal Year: 2010
    ..published studies we have determined that the chemokines CXCL12 and CXCL10 control leukocyte access to the central nervous system (CNS) parenchyma at the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and within the CNS parenchyma in a region-specific ..
  8. CD-73 adenosine signaling in the central nervous system in disease and health
    MARGARET BYNOE; Fiscal Year: 2009
    Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is an inflammatory attack on the central nervous system (CNS) that results in loss of neuronal function and can lead to death...
  9. Mechanisms of ethanol-induced neurodevelopmental effects
    Marina Guizzetti; Fiscal Year: 2009
    ..e. its effect on cholesterol homeostasis in the central nervous system. While too much cholesterol may be deleterious, as in case of atherosclerosis and Alzheimer's disease,..
  10. Mechanisms of ethanol-induced neurodevelopmental effects
    Marina Guizzetti; Fiscal Year: 2010
    ..e. its effect on cholesterol homeostasis in the central nervous system. While too much cholesterol may be deleterious, as in case of atherosclerosis and Alzheimer's disease,..
  11. Nicotine & Immunopathogenesis of Cryptococcal meningitis
    Mohan Sopori; Fiscal Year: 2007
    Opportunistic infections of the central nervous system are common complication in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) patients...
  12. Disregulation of Potassium Channels in Menopausal Hot Flashes
    Jon Levine; Fiscal Year: 2007
    ..Estrogen receptors are widely distributed throughout the central nervous system and the cardiovascular system...
  13. Gene therapy for alpha-mannosidosis
    Mark E Haskins; Fiscal Year: 2010
    ..many years, the blood brain barrier has been considered a major obstacle to systemic therapy to reach the central nervous system for lysosomal storage diseases...
  14. CD-73 adenosine signaling in the central nervous system in disease and health
    Margaret S Bynoe; Fiscal Year: 2010
    Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is an inflammatory attack on the central nervous system (CNS) that results in loss of neuronal function and can lead to death...
  15. CD-73 adenosine signaling in the central nervous system in disease and health
    Margaret S Bynoe; Fiscal Year: 2010
    Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is an inflammatory attack on the central nervous system (CNS) that results in loss of neuronal function and can lead to death...
  16. Pharmacology and Regulation of Nicotinic Receptor Subtypes
    Kenneth J Kellar; Fiscal Year: 2010
    ..of the diverse heteromeric neuronal nicotinic cholinergic receptor (nAChR) subtypes in the mammalian central nervous system (CNS)...
  17. Pharmacology and Regulation of Nicotinic Receptor Subtypes
    Kenneth Kellar; Fiscal Year: 2009
    ..of the diverse heteromeric neuronal nicotinic cholinergic receptor (nAChR) subtypes in the mammalian central nervous system (CNS)...
  18. Intra- and Inter-Neuronal Viral Trafficking
    Glenn Rall; Fiscal Year: 2009
    ..to affect both intra- and inter-neuronal transport and how this mode of spread is associated with chronic central nervous system infections. These broad objectives will be accomplished through completion of two Specific Aims...
  19. REGULATION OF EAE WITH RECOMBINANT TCR LIGANDS
    Arthur A Vandenbark; Fiscal Year: 2010
    ..These T cell specificities are present and may contribute to central nervous system (CNS) damage in subjects with multiple sclerosis (MS)...
  20. Discovery and evaluation of fungicidal anti-cryptococcal molecules
    Damian J Krysan; Fiscal Year: 2010
    Cryptococcus neoformans is a fungal pathogen that causes pulmonary and central nervous system infections in immunocompromised and, less commonly, immunocompetent patients...
  21. Regulation and Function of Urocortins and their Receptors
    Aditi Bhargava; Fiscal Year: 2010
    ..CRF and urocortins [Ucn] 1-3) and their receptors (CRFR1, CRFR2) are essential mediators of stress in the central nervous system. Therefore a systemic inhibition of their function is not an attractive therapeutic model...
  22. Regulation and Function of Urocortins and their Receptors
    Aditi Bhargava; Fiscal Year: 2010
    ..CRF and urocortins [Ucn] 1-3) and their receptors (CRFR1, CRFR2) are essential mediators of stress in the central nervous system. Therefore a systemic inhibition of their function is not an attractive therapeutic model...
  23. Interacting Impact of Adrenal and Ovarian Aging on the CNS
    HENRYK URBANSKI; Fiscal Year: 2009
    ..However, the impact of these changes on human physiology, especially within the central nervous system (CNS), is far from being clear...
  24. Bypassing the Blood-Brain Barrier:Modulation of Transporters in the Nasal Mucos
    Maureen Donovan; Fiscal Year: 2009
    Effective systemic treatments for diseases of the central nervous system require therapeutic agents that are able to cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB)...
  25. Periventricular White Matter Injury Prevention
    Scott A Rivkees; Fiscal Year: 2010
    ..Oligodendrocytes (OLs) are the myelinating cells of the central nervous system and play a critical role in white matter formation 10-13...
  26. Bypassing the Blood-Brain Barrier:Modulation of Transporters in the Nasal Mucos
    Maureen D Donovan; Fiscal Year: 2010
    Effective systemic treatments for diseases of the central nervous system require therapeutic agents that are able to cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB)...
  27. DEMYELINATING DISEASE: VIRAL AND IMMUNE FUNCTION
    Stephen Stohlman; Fiscal Year: 2007
    DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant) The long-term goals of this program are an understanding of central nervous system (CNS) demyelinating disease...
  28. Connexins in Neuronal and Glial Gap Junctions in the Central Nervous System
    John E Rash; Fiscal Year: 2010
    ..to occur only between a few types of neurons, and to occur only in limited, non- cognitive areas of the central nervous system. The discovery of "miniature" gap junctions (<100 connexons) and preliminary evidence for their ..
  29. VARIABILITY AND STABILITY IN SKILL ACQUISITION
    Dagmar Sternad; Fiscal Year: 2010
    ..acquisition, adaptation, and control of movements the proposed research tests the hypothesis that the central nervous system is exquisitely sensitive to its own variability and not only reduces unwanted intrinsic noise but has also ..
  30. MOLECULAR STRUCTURE OF CNS POSTSYNAPTIC DENSITIES
    Mary Kennedy; Fiscal Year: 1993
    ..The proposed research involves a study of the molecular structure of synapses in the central nervous system. It focuses on the identification and study of proteins associated with the postsynaptic density (PSD), a ..
  31. FORCE - REPETITION INTERACTION IN A RAT INJURY MODEL
    Mary Barbe; Fiscal Year: 2004
    ..at low, medium and high repetition rates on motor behavior and pathophysiological outcomes of forelimb and central nervous system tissues; 2) to determine the effects of a voluntary low repetition task performed at low, medium and high ..
  32. Model for Regulatiion of Gliosis in Glaucoma
    Philip Horner; Fiscal Year: 2007
    Our knowledge of glial cells in the central nervous system has expanded, helping researchers understand that glia are much more than support cells for neurons...
  33. Pathogenesis of cognitive/neurologic deficits in central nervous system malaria
    Chandy John; Fiscal Year: 2009
    ..and pro- and anti- inflammatory cytokines, and leukocyte heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) expression; b) markers of central nervous system inflammation (e.g...
  34. The Central Nervous System and T-Cells in Angiotensin II Induced Hypertension
    PAUL MARVAR; Fiscal Year: 2007
    ..The effects of angiotensin II on the central nervous system have long been known to contribute to sustained hypertension and recent work from others suggests that ..