skull

Summary

Summary: The SKELETON of the HEAD including the FACIAL BONES and the bones enclosing the BRAIN.

Top Publications

  1. ncbi New directions in craniofacial morphogenesis
    Heather L Szabo-Rogers
    Department of Craniofacial Development, King s College London, UK SE1 9RT
    Dev Biol 341:84-94. 2010
  2. ncbi Motor threshold in transcranial magnetic stimulation: the impact of white matter fiber orientation and skull-to-cortex distance
    Tal Herbsman
    Mood Disorders Program and Brain Stimulation Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina 29425, USA
    Hum Brain Mapp 30:2044-55. 2009
  3. ncbi Basal tyrannosauroids from China and evidence for protofeathers in tyrannosauroids
    Xing Xu
    Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100044, China
    Nature 431:680-4. 2004
  4. ncbi Cranial design and function in a large theropod dinosaur
    E J Rayfield
    Department of Earth Sciences, University of Cambridge, UK
    Nature 409:1033-7. 2001
  5. ncbi Anatomy and taxonomic status of the chasmosaurine ceratopsid Nedoceratops hatcheri from the upper Cretaceous Lance Formation of Wyoming, U.S.A
    Andrew A Farke
    Raymond M Alf Museum of Paleontology, Claremont, California, United States of America
    PLoS ONE 6:e16196. 2011
  6. ncbi Facial heights: evolutionary relevance of postnatal ontogeny for facial orientation and skull morphology in humans and chimpanzees
    Markus Bastir
    Department of Paleobiology, Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales, CSIC, 28006 Madrid, Spain
    J Hum Evol 47:359-81. 2004
  7. ncbi Activation of p38 MAPK pathway in the skull abnormalities of Apert syndrome Fgfr2(+P253R) mice
    Yingli Wang
    Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
    BMC Dev Biol 10:22. 2010
  8. ncbi Combined finite element and multibody dynamics analysis of biting in a Uromastyx hardwickii lizard skull
    M Moazen
    Department of Engineering, University of Hull, Hull, UK
    J Anat 213:499-508. 2008
  9. ncbi Thinned-skull cranial window technique for long-term imaging of the cortex in live mice
    Guang Yang
    Molecular Neurobiology Program, Department of Physiology and Neuroscience, Skirball Institute, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
    Nat Protoc 5:201-8. 2010
  10. ncbi A basal alvarezsauroid theropod from the early Late Jurassic of Xinjiang, China
    Jonah N Choiniere
    Department of Biological Sciences, The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052, USA
    Science 327:571-4. 2010

Research Grants

  1. Pediatric Percutaneous Cochlear Implantation Clinical Validation & Implementation
    Robert F Labadie; Fiscal Year: 2010
  2. Perceptions of Social Risk in Medical Child Abuse Evaluation
    Heather T Keenan; Fiscal Year: 2010
  3. Combination drug treatment to inhibit multiple cell death pathways after TBI
    ALAN FADEN; Fiscal Year: 2009
  4. Development and Validation of a Diagnostic Tool for Infant Head Injuries from Fal
    SUSAN SHEPS contact MARGULIES; Fiscal Year: 2010
  5. Development and Validation of a Diagnostic Tool for Infant Head Injuries from Fal
    Susan Margulies; Fiscal Year: 2009
  6. Graves' Disease Therapy Risks to Mother and Fetus
    Scott A Rivkees; Fiscal Year: 2010
  7. Delivery of Soluble FGFR3 as a Treatment for Achondroplasia
    Steven C Ghivizzani; Fiscal Year: 2010
  8. Genetic Architecture of the Mammalian (Canid) Skeleton
    KARL LARK; Fiscal Year: 2007
  9. Transcranial Sonothrombolysis with Diagnostic Ultrasound
    Thilo Hoelscher; Fiscal Year: 2010
  10. Transcranial Sonothrombolysis with Diagnostic Ultrasound
    Thilo Hoelscher; Fiscal Year: 2009

Detail Information

Publications191 found, 100 shown here

  1. ncbi New directions in craniofacial morphogenesis
    Heather L Szabo-Rogers
    Department of Craniofacial Development, King s College London, UK SE1 9RT
    Dev Biol 341:84-94. 2010
    ..These and future studies will improve our understanding of the genetic and environmental influences underlying human craniofacial anomalies...
  2. ncbi Motor threshold in transcranial magnetic stimulation: the impact of white matter fiber orientation and skull-to-cortex distance
    Tal Herbsman
    Mood Disorders Program and Brain Stimulation Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina 29425, USA
    Hum Brain Mapp 30:2044-55. 2009
    ..We also measured the skull-to-cortex distance over the left motor region...
  3. ncbi Basal tyrannosauroids from China and evidence for protofeathers in tyrannosauroids
    Xing Xu
    Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100044, China
    Nature 431:680-4. 2004
    ..One of the specimens also preserves a filamentous integumentary covering similar to that of other coelurosaurian theropods from western Liaoning. This provides the first direct fossil evidence that tyrannosauroids had protofeathers...
  4. ncbi Cranial design and function in a large theropod dinosaur
    E J Rayfield
    Department of Earth Sciences, University of Cambridge, UK
    Nature 409:1033-7. 2001
    ..Here we have applied this technique to the long skull of the large carnivorous theropod dinosaur Allosaurus fragilis...
  5. ncbi Anatomy and taxonomic status of the chasmosaurine ceratopsid Nedoceratops hatcheri from the upper Cretaceous Lance Formation of Wyoming, U.S.A
    Andrew A Farke
    Raymond M Alf Museum of Paleontology, Claremont, California, United States of America
    PLoS ONE 6:e16196. 2011
    The validity of Nedoceratops hatcheri, a chasmosaurine ceratopsid dinosaur known from a single skull recovered in the Lance Formation of eastern Wyoming, U.S.A., has been debated for over a century...
  6. ncbi Facial heights: evolutionary relevance of postnatal ontogeny for facial orientation and skull morphology in humans and chimpanzees
    Markus Bastir
    Department of Paleobiology, Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales, CSIC, 28006 Madrid, Spain
    J Hum Evol 47:359-81. 2004
    ..and inferior limits of facial compartments, contribute to the orientation of the viscerocranium in the primate skull. In humans, vertical facial variation is among the main sources of diversity and frequently associated with an ..
  7. ncbi Activation of p38 MAPK pathway in the skull abnormalities of Apert syndrome Fgfr2(+P253R) mice
    Yingli Wang
    Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
    BMC Dev Biol 10:22. 2010
    ..We previously reported an inbred transgenic mouse model with the Fgfr2 +/S252W mutation on the C57BL/6J background for Apert syndrome. Here we present a mouse model for the Fgfr2+/P253R mutation...
  8. ncbi Combined finite element and multibody dynamics analysis of biting in a Uromastyx hardwickii lizard skull
    M Moazen
    Department of Engineering, University of Hull, Hull, UK
    J Anat 213:499-508. 2008
    Lizard skulls vary greatly in shape and construction, and radical changes in skull form during evolution have made this an intriguing subject of research...
  9. ncbi Thinned-skull cranial window technique for long-term imaging of the cortex in live mice
    Guang Yang
    Molecular Neurobiology Program, Department of Physiology and Neuroscience, Skirball Institute, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
    Nat Protoc 5:201-8. 2010
    ..Here we describe in detail a protocol for imaging cortical structures at high optical resolution through a thinned-skull cranial window in live mice using two-photon laser scanning microscopy (TPLSM)...
  10. ncbi A basal alvarezsauroid theropod from the early Late Jurassic of Xinjiang, China
    Jonah N Choiniere
    Department of Biological Sciences, The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052, USA
    Science 327:571-4. 2010
    ..The new taxon confirms extreme morphological convergence between birds and derived alvarezsauroids and illuminates incipient stages of the highly modified alvarezsaurid forelimb...
  11. ncbi Large-scale diversification of skull shape in domestic dogs: disparity and modularity
    Abby Grace Drake
    Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
    Am Nat 175:289-301. 2010
    ..We use geometric morphometrics to quantify the diversity of skull shape in 106 breeds of domestic dog, in three wild canid species, and across the order Carnivora...
  12. ncbi Form and function of damselfish skulls: rapid and repeated evolution into a limited number of trophic niches
    W James Cooper
    Department of Organismal Biology and Anatomy, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
    BMC Evol Biol 9:24. 2009
    ..were used to describe patterns of morphological diversity and determine positions of functional groups in a skull morphospace...
  13. ncbi Genetic analysis of skull shape variation and morphological integration in the mouse using interspecific recombinant congenic strains between C57BL/6 and mice of the mus spretus species
    Gaétan Burgio
    Unité postulante de Génétique fonctionnelle de la Souris, CNRS URA 2578, Institut Pasteur, 75724 Paris Cedex 15, France
    Evolution 63:2668-86. 2009
    To assess the genetic basis of the skull shape variation and morphological integration in mice, we have used a tool based on the cross between the distantly related mouse species Mus spretus (SEG/Pas strain) and the laboratory strain ..
  14. ncbi Cranial performance in the Komodo dragon (Varanus komodoensis) as revealed by high-resolution 3-D finite element analysis
    Karen Moreno
    School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales, Australia
    J Anat 212:736-46. 2008
    ..Its delicate 'space-frame' skull morphology differs greatly from that apparent in most living large prey specialists and is suggestive of a high ..
  15. ncbi Landmark-based shape analysis of the archaic Homo calvarium from Ceprano (Italy)
    Emiliano Bruner
    Dipartimento di Biologia Animale e dell Uomo, Universita La Sapienza, Rome, Italy
    Am J Phys Anthropol 132:355-66. 2007
    ..In fact, despite the fact that the skull appears partially distorted by diagenetic pressures (thus precluding a comprehensive landmark-based analysis), ..
  16. ncbi New insights into craniofacial morphogenesis
    Jill A Helms
    Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
    Development 132:851-61. 2005
    ..Changes in craniofacial architecture also lie at the heart of evolutionary adaptation, as new studies in fish and fowl attest. Together, these findings reveal much about molecular and tissue interactions behind craniofacial development...
  17. ncbi Controversies in skull reconstruction
    James E Zins
    Department of Plastic Surgery, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
    J Craniofac Surg 21:1755-60. 2010
    In the early 1980s, it was shown that bone from the skull (membranous bone) maintained its volume to a significantly greater extent than bone from the rib and iliac crest regions (endochondral bone)...
  18. ncbi Skull deformities
    Emily B Ridgway
    Department of Neurological Surgery, New York University School of Medicine, 317 East 34 th Street, New York, NY 10016, USA
    Pediatr Clin North Am 51:359-87. 2004
    ..Because the most common causes of distortion or asymmetry are craniosynostosis or deformation, these abnormalities are the primary subjects of this article...
  19. ncbi Use of bone SPECT in the evaluation of fibrous dysplasia of the skull
    Tadaki Nakahara
    Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan
    Clin Nucl Med 29:554-9. 2004
  20. ncbi Endocranial shape asymmetries in Pan paniscus, Pan troglodytes and Gorilla gorilla assessed via skull based landmark analysis
    Antoine Balzeau
    Equipe de Paléontologie Humaine, CNRS, UMR 7194, Département de Préhistoire du Muséum national d histoire naturelle, Paris, France
    J Hum Evol 59:54-69. 2010
    ..Moreover, the detailed analysis of the 3D structure of these petalias reveals shared features, as well as features that are unique to the different great ape species...
  21. ncbi Allometry and performance: the evolution of skull form and function in felids
    G J Slater
    Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA90095 1606, USA
    J Evol Biol 22:2278-87. 2009
    Allometric patterns of skull-shape variation can have significant impacts on cranial mechanics and feeding performance, but have received little attention in previous studies...
  22. ncbi Fgfr mRNA isoforms in craniofacial bone development
    D P C Rice
    Developmental Biology Programme, Institute of Biotechnology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
    Bone 33:14-27. 2003
    ..Fgfr4 transcripts were found in developing muscles. These data help to explain the disturbances in craniofacial growth exhibited by both patients and the growing number of transgenic mice carrying mutations in genes encoding FGFRs/Fgfrs...
  23. ncbi Homeotic transformation of the occipital bones of the skull by ectopic expression of a homeobox gene
    T Lufkin
    Laboratoire de Genetique Moleculaire des Eucaryotes du CNRS, Institut de Chimie Biologique, Faculte de Medecine, Strasbourg, France
    Nature 359:835-41. 1992
    ..2. These results are similar to the homeotic posteriorization phenomenon generated in Drosophila by ectopic expression of genes of the homeotic complex HOM-C (refs 7-10; reviewed in ref. 3)...
  24. ncbi The giant crocodyliform Sarcosuchus from the Cretaceous of Africa
    P C Sereno
    Department of Organismal Biology and Anatomy, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
    Science 294:1516-9. 2001
    ..The skull has an expansive narial bulla and elongate jaws studded with stout, smooth crowns that do not interlock...
  25. ncbi Evaluation of inverse methods and head models for EEG source localization using a human skull phantom
    S Baillet
    Cognitive Neuroscience and Brain Imaging Laboratory, CNRS UPR640 LENA, H pital de la Salpêtrière, Paris, France
    Phys Med Biol 46:77-96. 2001
    We used a real-skull phantom head to investigate the performances of representative methods for EEG source localization when considering various head models...
  26. ncbi A basal troodontid from the Early Cretaceous of China
    Xing Xu
    Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100044, China
    Nature 415:780-4. 2002
    ..The discovery of Sinovenator and the examination of character distributions along the maniraptoran lineage indicate that principal structural modifications toward avians were acquired in the early stages of maniraptoran evolution...
  27. ncbi A cranium for the earliest Europeans: phylogenetic position of the hominid from Ceprano, Italy
    G Manzi
    Istituto Italiano di Paleontologia Umana, Rome, Italy
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 98:10011-6. 2001
    ..Alternatively, a new species-ancestral to later European and African hominines-should be named to accommodate such a unique fossil specimen...
  28. ncbi Molecular origins of rapid and continuous morphological evolution
    John W Fondon
    Eugene McDermott Center for Human Growth and Development and Department of Biochemistry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390 8591, USA
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 101:18058-63. 2004
    ..transcription factor 2) genes were quantitatively associated with significant differences in limb and skull morphology...
  29. ncbi Differences in matrix composition between calvaria and long bone in mice suggest differences in biomechanical properties and resorption: Special emphasis on collagen
    T Van den Bos
    Department of Periodontology, Academic Center for Dentistry Amsterdam, Universiteit van Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
    Bone 43:459-68. 2008
    ..Our data demonstrate considerable differences in protein composition of flat and long bones and strongly suggest functional differences in formation, resorption, and mechanical properties of these bone types...
  30. ncbi Frontal sinuses and head-butting in goats: a finite element analysis
    Andrew A Farke
    Department of Anatomical Sciences, Stony Brook University, NY 11794 8081, USA
    J Exp Biol 211:3085-94. 2008
    ..This is consistent with the hypothesis that sinuses result at least in part from the removal of mechanically unnecessary bone...
  31. ncbi Epigenetic control of skull morphogenesis by histone deacetylase 8
    Michael Haberland
    Department of Molecular Biology, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, Dallas, Texas 75390, USA
    Genes Dev 23:1625-30. 2009
    ..Here we provide evidence that Hdac8 specifically controls patterning of the skull by repressing a subset of transcription factors in cranial neural crest cells...
  32. ncbi MT1-MMP-deficient mice develop dwarfism, osteopenia, arthritis, and connective tissue disease due to inadequate collagen turnover
    K Holmbeck
    MMP Unit, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
    Cell 99:81-92. 1999
    ....
  33. ncbi Rigid-body analysis of a lizard skull: modelling the skull of Uromastyx hardwickii
    M Moazen
    Centre for Medical Engineering and Technology, University of Hull, Hull, East Yorkshire HU6 7RX, UK
    J Biomech 41:1274-80. 2008
    ..Theoretical models and practical studies have posited a definite relationship between skull morphology and bite performance, but this can be difficult to demonstrate in vivo...
  34. ncbi SOX3 activity during pharyngeal segmentation is required for craniofacial morphogenesis
    Karine Rizzoti
    Division of Developmental Genetics, MRC National Institute for Medical Research, The Ridgeway, Mill Hill, London NW7 1AA, UK
    Development 134:3437-48. 2007
    ..They also give insight into the formation of pharyngeal pouches, of which little is known in vertebrates. Finally, this work introduces two new players in craniofacial development - SOX3 and SOX2...
  35. ncbi Cioclovina (Romania): affinities of an early modern European
    Katerina Harvati
    Department of Human Evolution, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Deutscher Platz 6, Leipzig, Germany
    J Hum Evol 53:732-46. 2007
    ..Our results show Cioclovina to be entirely modern in its cranial shape, and do not support the hypothesis that it represents a hybrid...
  36. ncbi On the phylogenetic position of the pre-Neandertal specimen from Reilingen, Germany
    D Dean
    Department of Neurological Surgery, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, USA
    J Hum Evol 34:485-508. 1998
    ..e., "classic" Neandertals)...
  37. ncbi Fluid flow induction of cyclo-oxygenase 2 gene expression in osteoblasts is dependent on an extracellular signal-regulated kinase signaling pathway
    Sunil Wadhwa
    Department of Orthodontics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington 06030, USA
    J Bone Miner Res 17:266-74. 2002
    ..We conclude that FSS transcriptionally induces COX-2 gene expression in osteoblasts, that the maximum induction requires new protein synthesis, and that induction occurs largely via an ERK signaling pathway...
  38. ncbi Modularity in the skull and cranial vasculature of laboratory mice: implications for the evolution of complex phenotypes
    Heather A Jamniczky
    Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, University of Calgary, 3280 Hospital Drive NW, Calgary, AB, Canada T2N 4Z6
    Evol Dev 13:28-37. 2011
    ..Here we use geometric morphometrics to investigate modularity in the arterial Circle of Willis (CW) and skull of the CD-1 laboratory mouse...
  39. ncbi Shape at the cross-roads: homoplasy and history in the evolution of the carnivoran skull towards herbivory
    B Figueirido
    Departamento de Ecología y Geología, Área de Paleontología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Malaga, Malaga, Spain
    J Evol Biol 23:2579-94. 2010
    Patterns of skull shape in Carnivora provide examples of parallel and convergent evolution for similar ecomorphological adaptations...
  40. ncbi Langerhans cell histiocytosis of the skull on cytologic squash preparations
    Tadao K Kobayashi
    Department of Pathology, Saiseikai Shiga Hospital, Imperial Gift Foundation Inc, Ritto, Shiga, Japan
    Diagn Cytopathol 35:154-7. 2007
    We present a case in which a primary cytodiagnosis of Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) of the skull was made using squash preparations...
  41. ncbi Allometry in the distribution of material properties and geometry of the felid skull: why larger species may need to change and how they may achieve it
    Uphar Chamoli
    Computational Biomechanics Research Group, Evolution and Ecology Research Centre, School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales, Kensington Campus, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
    J Theor Biol 283:217-26. 2011
    ..e., despite great differences in size, there is relatively little variation in either the shape of the felid skull and dentition across species, or in the way in which these structures are used to kill and dismember prey...
  42. ncbi An unusual marine crocodyliform from the Jurassic-Cretaceous boundary of Patagonia
    Zulma Gasparini
    Departamento de Paleontología de Vertebrados, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Paseo del Bosque s n, 1900 La Plata, Argentina
    Science 311:70-3. 2006
    ..Dakosaurus andiniensis from western South America reveal a lineage that drastically deviated from the skull morphology that characterizes marine crocodyliforms...
  43. ncbi CT-based description and phyletic evaluation of the archaic human calvarium from Ceprano, Italy
    Emiliano Bruner
    Dipartimento di Biologia Animale e dell'Uomo, , Rome, Italy
    Anat Rec A Discov Mol Cell Evol Biol 285:643-58. 2005
    ..Nevertheless, a proper taxonomic interpretation of this crucial specimen remains puzzling...
  44. ncbi Effect of measurement noise and electrode density on the spatial resolution of cortical potential distribution with different resistivity values for the skull
    Outi R M Ryynänen
    Ragnar Granit Institute, Tampere University of Technology, Finland
    IEEE Trans Biomed Eng 53:1851-8. 2006
    ..noise and the number of electrodes on the spatial resolution with different resistivity ratios for the scalp, skull and brain...
  45. ncbi Major cranial changes during Triceratops ontogeny
    John R Horner
    Museum of the Rockies, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717 0040, USA
    Proc Biol Sci 273:2757-61. 2006
    ..Our analysis is based on a growth series of 10 skulls, ranging from a 38 cm long baby skull to about 2 m long adult skulls...
  46. ncbi Skeletal height reconstruction from measurements of the skull in indigenous South Africans
    I Ryan
    School of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, 7 York Road, Parktown 2193, Johannesburg, South Africa
    Forensic Sci Int 167:16-21. 2007
    ..these bones are not always available for forensic analysis, it became necessary to use other bones such as the skull for stature estimation...
  47. ncbi Longitudinal and shear mode ultrasound propagation in human skull bone
    P J White
    Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Brigham and Women s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
    Ultrasound Med Biol 32:1085-96. 2006
    ..the idea of the longitudinal mode being the only significant mode of ultrasound energy transport through the skull bone...
  48. ncbi Skull-stripping magnetic resonance brain images using a model-based level set
    Audrey H Zhuang
    Laboratory of Neuroimaging, Department of Neurology, University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
    Neuroimage 32:79-92. 2006
    The segmentation of brain tissue from nonbrain tissue in magnetic resonance (MR) images, commonly referred to as skull stripping, is an important image processing step in many neuroimage studies...
  49. ncbi Trophy heads from Nawinpukio, Perú: physical and chemical analysis of Huarpa-era modified human remains
    Brian Clifton Finucane
    Research Laboratory for Archaeology and the History of Art, Oxford University, Oxford OX1 3QY, UK
    Am J Phys Anthropol 135:75-84. 2008
    ..Drawing on the formal properties of the specimens as well as ethnographic and archaeological analogies, it is suggested that the cranial basin served as a vessel for liquid...
  50. ncbi A euprimate skull from the early Eocene of China
    Xijun Ni
    Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100044, China
    Nature 427:65-8. 2004
    ..Here we describe a partially preserved euprimate skull with nearly complete upper and lower dentition, which represents a new species of Teilhardina and constitutes the ..
  51. ncbi Surgical treatment of skull fibrous dysplasia
    Peng Lei
    Department of Neurosurgery, Lanzhou General Hospital, PR China
    Surg Neurol 72:S17-20. 2009
    Fibrous dysplasia of the skull is difficult to manage when the cranial nerves, skull base, and face are involved...
  52. ncbi Morphological integration of the skull in craniofacial anomalies
    J T Richtsmeier
    Department of Anthropology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
    Orthod Craniofac Res 12:149-58. 2009
    ..how surgical interventions impact the organization and internal integration of the major components of the skull, we address the functional and developmental relationships during perinatal development...
  53. ncbi Brain-skull contact boundary conditions in an inverse computational deformation model
    Songbai Ji
    Thayer School of Engineering, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH 03755, USA
    Med Image Anal 13:659-72. 2009
    ..Although the significance of brain-skull boundary conditions (BCs) in these models has been explored in dynamic simulations, it has not been fully ..
  54. ncbi Comparative feeding biomechanics of Lystrosaurus and the generalized dicynodont Oudenodon
    Sandra C Jasinoski
    Department of Earth Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1RJ, United Kingdom
    Anat Rec (Hoboken) 292:862-74. 2009
    ..Muscle forces were estimated for each dicynodont using the dry skull method and applied to each cranium to produce a reaction force at a bite point...
  55. ncbi Vestibular evoked myogenic potentials in response to lateral skull taps are dependent on two different mechanisms
    Krister Brantberg
    Department of Audiology, Karolinska Hospital, 171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
    Clin Neurophysiol 120:974-9. 2009
    To explore the mechanisms for skull tap induced vestibular evoked myogenic potentials (VEMP).
  56. ncbi Funerary practices of the Iberomaurusian population of Taforalt (Tafoughalt, Morocco, 11-12,000 BP): the case of Grave XII
    Maria Giovanna Belcastro
    Laboratorio di Bioarcheologia ed Osteologia Forense, Antropologia, Dipartimento di Biologia Evoluzionistica Sperimentale, Universita di Bologna, via Selmi, 3, 40126 Bologna, Italy
    J Hum Evol 58:522-32. 2010
    ..This study further supports our previous impression of the complex and diversified funerary practices, characterising the social life of the Iberomaurusian population of Taforalt...
  57. ncbi There is no heterotic effect upon developmental stability in the ventral side of the skull within the house mouse hybrid zone
    O Mikula
    Laboratory of Mammalian Evolutionary Biology, Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Brno, Czech Republic
    J Evol Biol 21:1055-67. 2008
    ..We studied patterns of FA in the ventral side of the skull along a transect across the central-European portion of the hybrid zone between two house mouse subspecies, Mus ..
  58. ncbi Comparative effects of scaffold pore size, pore volume, and total void volume on cranial bone healing patterns using microsphere-based scaffolds
    Caren E Petrie Aronin
    Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, USA
    J Biomed Mater Res A 89:632-41. 2009
    ..These results suggest that pore size and closed void volume may both play important roles in scaffold degradation patterns and associated bone healing...
  59. ncbi Predicting skull loading: applying multibody dynamics analysis to a macaque skull
    Neil Curtis
    Centre for Medical Engineering and Technology, University of Hull, Hull, United Kingdom
    Anat Rec (Hoboken) 291:491-501. 2008
    ..study describes the novel use of MDA to investigate the influence of different muscle representations on a macaque skull model (Macaca fascicularis), where muscle groups were represented by either a single, multiple, or wrapped muscle ..
  60. ncbi The pace of morphological change: historical transformation of skull shape in St Bernard dogs
    Abby Grace Drake
    Faculty of Life Sciences, The University of Manchester, Michael Smith Building, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
    Proc Biol Sci 275:71-6. 2008
    ..Here we use the methods of geometric morphometrics to study change of skull shape in a series of purebred St Bernard dogs spanning nearly 120 years...
  61. ncbi Comparison between in vivo and theoretical bite performance: using multi-body modelling to predict muscle and bite forces in a reptile skull
    N Curtis
    Department of Engineering, University of Hull, Hull HU67RX, United Kingdom
    J Biomech 43:2804-9. 2010
    ..Here, using a sophisticated multi-body computer model of a reptile skull (the rhynchocephalian Sphenodon), we assess the accuracy of muscle force predictions by comparing predicted bite ..
  62. ncbi The intriguing history of the human calvaria: sinister and religious
    R Shane Tubbs
    Section of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Children s Hospital, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA
    Childs Nerv Syst 24:417-22. 2008
    ..For example, the purported site of Jesus' crucifixion "Calvary" is derived from this term calvaria. The present report explores the derivation, misuse, and history of the human calvaria...
  63. ncbi Towards building a photo-realistic virtual human face for craniomaxillofacial diagnosis and treatment planning
    A F Ayoub
    University of Glasgow Dental School, Glasgow, UK
    Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 36:423-8. 2007
    ..The registration errors between most parts of the aligned surfaces were within +/-1.5mm. The errors were relatively large around the eyebrows, eyelids and cheeks. Simultaneous recording of the face and skull may reduce this error.
  64. ncbi Relationship between thoracic, lordotic, and pelvic inclination and craniofacial morphology in adults
    Carsten Lippold
    Department of Orthodontics, University of Munster, Munster, Germany
    Angle Orthod 76:779-85. 2006
    ..To analyze the correlation ratios between the spinal posture (thoracic, lordotic, and pelvic inclination) and the craniofacial morphology...
  65. ncbi The craniofacial characteristics of osteogenesis imperfecta patients
    Pei Ching Chang
    Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Chang Gung Children s Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
    Eur J Orthod 29:232-7. 2007
    ....
  66. ncbi The craniofacial phenotype of the Crouzon mouse: analysis of a model for syndromic craniosynostosis using three-dimensional MicroCT
    Chad A Perlyn
    Division of Plastic Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 South Euclid Avenue, St Louis, MO 63110, USA
    Cleft Palate Craniofac J 43:740-8. 2006
    To characterize the craniofacial phenotype of a mouse model for Crouzon syndrome by a quantitative analysis of skull morphology in mutant and wild-type mice and to compare the findings with skull features observed in humans with Crouzon ..
  67. ncbi Are the small human-like fossils found on Flores human endemic cretins?
    Peter J Obendorf
    School of Applied Sciences, RMIT University, Melbourne, Vic, Australia
    Proc Biol Sci 275:1287-96. 2008
    ..We show that critical environmental factors were potentially present on Flores, how remains of cretins but not of unaffected individuals could be preserved in caves, and that extant oral traditions may provide a record of cretinism...
  68. ncbi Three-dimensional visualization of the craniofacial patient: volume segmentation, data integration and animation
    R Enciso
    Craniofacial Virtual Reality Laboratory, School of Dentistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089 0641, USA
    Orthod Craniofac Res 6:66-71; discussion 179-82. 2003
    ....
  69. ncbi The bone regenerative effect of platelet-rich plasma in combination with an osteoconductive material in rat cranial defects
    Adelina S Plachokova
    Department of Periodontology and Biomaterials, Radboud University Nijmegen, Medical Centere Nijmegen, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
    Clin Oral Implants Res 17:305-11. 2006
    ..Also, no negative effect was seen, and neither PRP nor HA/beta-TCP hampered bone ingrowth into the defects...
  70. ncbi A morphological study of the relationship between arch dimensions and craniofacial structures in adolescents with Class II Division 1 malocclusions and various facial types
    Toru Kageyama
    Division of Hard Tissue Research, Graduate School, Matsumoto Dental University, Nagano, Japan
    Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 129:368-75. 2006
    ..The objective of this study was to evaluate dental arch forms associated with various facial types in adolescents with Class II Division 1 malocclusions by using mathematical functions to describe the arch form at clinical bracket points...
  71. ncbi Flores hominid: new species or microcephalic dwarf?
    Robert D Martin
    Academic Affairs, Field Museum, Chicago, Illinois 60605, USA
    Anat Rec A Discov Mol Cell Evol Biol 288:1123-45. 2006
    ..The primary evidence, dated at approximately 18,000 y, is a skull and partial skeleton of a very small but dentally adult individual (LB1)...
  72. ncbi A fourth hominin skull from Dmanisi, Georgia
    David Lordkipanidze
    Georgian National Museum, Tbilisi, Georgia
    Anat Rec A Discov Mol Cell Evol Biol 288:1146-57. 2006
    ..1.77 million years ago. Here we describe a fourth skull that is nearly complete, lacking all but one of its teeth at the time of death...
  73. ncbi Craniofacial levels and the morphological maturation of the human skull
    Markus Bastir
    Hull York Medical School, The University of York, Heslington, York, UK
    J Anat 209:637-54. 2006
    It is well known that the human skull achieves adult size through a superior-inferior gradient of maturation...
  74. ncbi Reproducibility of maxillofacial anatomic landmarks on 3-dimensional computed tomographic images determined with the 95% confidence ellipse method
    Atsushi Muramatsu
    Department of Orthodontics, Aichi Gakuin University School of Dentistry, Nagoya, Japan
    Angle Orthod 78:396-402. 2008
    ..To assess the plotting reproducibility of landmarks on 3-dimensional computed tomography (3D-CT) images through use of the 95% confidence ellipse in order to propose sufficiently stable coordinate systems for 3D-CT measurements...
  75. ncbi Three-dimensional Procrustes analysis of modern human craniofacial form
    Jackie Badawi-Fayad
    Museum national d histoire naturelle, Département de Préhistoire USM 204, Institut de Paleontologie Humaine, Paris, France
    Anat Rec (Hoboken) 290:268-76. 2007
    ....
  76. ncbi [Procuste cephalometry]
    X Penin
    Orthod Fr 77:407-15. 2006
    ....
  77. ncbi Craniofacial morphology in patients with sickle cell disease: a cephalometric analysis
    Valeria Licciardello
    Department of Orthodontics, University of Catania, Italy
    Eur J Orthod 29:238-42. 2007
    ....
  78. ncbi Skeletal, dental and soft tissue changes in postural class III malocclusion treated with a maxillary removable appliance
    Elham S J Abu Alhaija
    Preventive Dentistry Department, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
    J Clin Pediatr Dent 31:149-52. 2006
    ..This longitudinal retrospective cephalometric study was undertaken in an attempt to evaluate the effect of upper removable appliances on the hard and soft tissue structures in subjects with postural Class III...
  79. ncbi A cephalometric study on craniofacial morphology of Iranian children with beta-thalassemia major
    F Amini
    Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Dental College of Islamic Azad Medical University, Tehran, Iran
    Orthod Craniofac Res 10:36-44. 2007
    ..To study cephalometric and facial features of Iranian children with beta-thalassemia major...
  80. ncbi Brain shape in human microcephalics and Homo floresiensis
    Dean Falk
    Department of Anthropology, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USA
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 104:2513-8. 2007
    ..Despite LB1's having brain shape features that sort it with normal humans rather than microcephalics, other shape features and its small brain size are consistent with its assignment to a separate species...
  81. ncbi Verification of clinical precision after computer-aided reconstruction in craniomaxillofacial surgery
    Marc Christian Metzger
    Department of Craniomaxillofacial Surgery, Albert Ludwigs University Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
    Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 104:e1-10. 2007
    ..The aim of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of the preoperative planning and the postoperative result regarding the skeletal reconstruction...
  82. ncbi A new method for assessment of craniofacial malformations
    Sandro Pelo
    Maxillofacial Department, , Policlinico A. Gemelli, Rome, Italy
    J Craniofac Surg 17:1035-9. 2006
    ..In addition to cephalometric and anthropometric databases, the measurements from 3-D surface reconstructions from CT were used intraoperatively to establish the correct position of skeletal segments...
  83. ncbi Accuracy of three-dimensional (3D) craniofacial cephalometric landmarks on a low-dose 3D computed tomograph
    R Olszewski
    Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Av Hippocrate 10, Saint Luc University Clinics, Universite Catholique de Louvain, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
    Dentomaxillofac Radiol 37:261-7. 2008
    ..The absorbed dose levels for radiosensitive organs in the maxillofacial region during the exposure for both 3D-CT protocols were also measured...
  84. ncbi Parental craniofacial morphology in cleft lip with or without cleft palate as determined by cephalometry: a meta-analysis
    S M Weinberg
    Center for Craniofacial and Dental Genetics, Division of Oral Biology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA
    Orthod Craniofac Res 9:18-30. 2006
    ..To integrate findings from previous cephalometric studies comparing the craniofacial complex of unaffected parents with cleft lip with or without cleft palate (CL/P) children to controls with no history of the disease...
  85. ncbi Influence of sex hormone disturbances on the internal structure of the mandible in newborn mice
    T Fujita
    Department of Orthodontics and Craniofacial Developmental Biology, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Japan
    Eur J Orthod 28:190-4. 2006
    ..The findings show that sex hormones are one of the key determinants of mandibular growth and development immediately after birth...
  86. ncbi Neanderthal cranial ontogeny and its implications for late hominid diversity
    M S Ponce de León
    Anthropologisches Institut, Universitat Zurich Irchel, Zurich, Switzerland
    Nature 412:534-8. 2001
    ..Evidence for early ontogenetic divergence together with evolutionary stasis of taxon-specific patterns of ontogeny is consistent with separation of Neanderthals and modern humans at the species level...
  87. ncbi Maximal bite force and its associations with spinal posture and craniofacial morphology in young adults
    Outi Kovero
    Department of Radiology, Institute of Dentistry, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
    Acta Odontol Scand 60:365-9. 2002
    ..No statistically significant correlations existed between MBF and spinal posture, but significant correlations did exist between MBF and craniofacial variables, especially in women...
  88. ncbi Proportion indices in the craniofacial regions of 284 healthy North American white children between 1 and 5 years of age
    Leslie G Farkas
    Center for Craniofacial Care and Research, The Hospital for Sick Children, and Division of Plastic Surgery, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
    J Craniofac Surg 14:13-28. 2003
    ....
  89. ncbi The accuracy of stereolithography in planning craniofacial bone replacement
    Peter Shih-Hsin Chang
    Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Mackey Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
    J Craniofac Surg 14:164-70. 2003
    ..The mean differences in overall dimensions between the SLMs and skull specimens were 1.5 mm (range: 0-5.5 mm) for craniofacial measures, 1.2 mm (range: 0-4...
  90. ncbi Growth-related shape changes in the fetal craniofacial complex of humans (Homo sapiens) and pigtailed macaques (Macaca nemestrina): a 3D-CT comparative analysis
    Michael P Zumpano
    Department of Anatomy, New York Chiropractic College, Seneca Falls, New York 13148 0800, USA
    Am J Phys Anthropol 120:339-51. 2003
    ..5 gestational weeks). For each individual, three-dimensional coordinates of 18 landmarks on the skull were collected from three-dimensional computed tomographic (CT) reconstructed images and two-dimensional CT axial ..
  91. ncbi Craniofacial skeletal deviations following in utero exposure to the anticonvulsant phenytoin: monotherapy and polytherapy
    H I Orup
    The Department of Growth and Development, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
    Orthod Craniofac Res 6:2-19. 2003
    ..To identify and quantify the craniofacial effects from prenatal exposure to phenytoin monotherapy and polytherapy using cephalometric, hand-wrist, and panoramic radiographs and to determine if such deviations persist with age...
  92. ncbi Neandertal faces were not long; modern human faces are short
    Erik Trinkaus
    Department of Anthropology, Campus Box 1114, Washington University, St Louis, MO 63130, USA
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 100:8142-5. 2003
    ..Neandertal facial length is not derived. The shortness of recent human facial skeletons is the evolutionarily derived condition...
  93. ncbi Electronic removal of encrustations inside the Steinheim cranium reveals paranasal sinus features and deformations, and provides a revised endocranial volume estimate
    Hermann Prossinger
    Institute of Anthroplogy, University of Vienna, Austria
    Anat Rec B New Anat 273:132-42. 2003
    ..Third, we assess the extent of the endocranial deformations and, fourth, their implications for our estimation of the braincase volume...
  94. ncbi Vertical and horizontal neoclassical facial canons in Turkish young adults
    M G Bozkir
    Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Cukurova University, 01330 Adana, Turkey
    Surg Radiol Anat 26:212-9. 2004
    ..4%/78.9% and 50.0%/52.2% respectively). The mouth width was greater than 1.5 times the nose width in the majority of this study (women/men: 66.9% vs 49.1%)...
  95. ncbi Paleontology. Spanish fossil sheds new light on the oldest great apes
    Elizabeth Culotta
    Science 306:1273-4. 2004
  96. ncbi Pierolapithecus catalaunicus, a new Middle Miocene great ape from Spain
    Salvador Moyà-Solà
    Institut de Paleontologia M Crusafont, Escola Industrial 23, Sabadell, Barcelona 08201, Spain
    Science 306:1339-44. 2004
    ..The overall pattern suggests that Pierolapithecus is probably close to the last common ancestor of great apes and humans...
  97. ncbi Natural craniofacial changes in the third decade of life: a longitudinal study
    Ayça Arman Akgül
    Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Baskent University, Ankara, Turkey
    Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 122:512-22. 2002
    ..These findings have important clinical implications regarding the long-term stability and retention of orthodontic and orthognathic surgery treatment results...
  98. ncbi Early craniofacial morphology and growth in children with unoperated isolated cleft palate
    N V Hermann
    Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
    Cleft Palate Craniofac J 39:604-22. 2002
    ....
  99. ncbi Dentocraniofacial morphology of 12 Japanese subjects with unilateral cleft lip and palate with a severe Class III malocclusion: a cephalometric study at the pretreatment stage of surgical orthodontic treatment
    C Tateishi
    Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Kobe University School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
    Cleft Palate Craniofac J 38:597-605. 2001
    ..These results show that CLP patients who required surgical orthodontic treatment had a characteristic dentocraniofacial morphology, compared to controls without CLP with Class III malocclusion...
  100. ncbi From genotype to phenotype: the differential expression of FGF, FGFR, and TGFbeta genes characterizes human cranioskeletal development and reflects clinical presentation in FGFR syndromes
    J A Britto
    Craniofacial Centre, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, The Developmental Biology Unit, Institute of Child Health, London, England
    Plast Reconstr Surg 108:2026-39; discussion 2040-6. 2001
    ..and FGFR3 are equally expressed throughout the predifferentiated mesenchyme of the cranium, the endochondral skull base, and midfacial mesenchyme...
  101. ncbi Morphology and affinities of new hominin cranial remains from Member 4 of the Sterkfontein Formation, Gauteng Province, South Africa
    Charles A Lockwood
    Institute of Human Origins and Department of Anthropology, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, USA
    J Hum Evol 42:389-450. 2002
    ..africanus. However, two specimens document the possibility that a second, possibly new species is represented among the Member 4 hominins, although such a species is difficult to characterize on cranial evidence alone...

Research Grants94

  1. Pediatric Percutaneous Cochlear Implantation Clinical Validation & Implementation
    Robert F Labadie; Fiscal Year: 2010
    ..PCI reduces CI surgery to a single pass of a drill from the lateral skull base to the cochlea...
  2. Perceptions of Social Risk in Medical Child Abuse Evaluation
    Heather T Keenan; Fiscal Year: 2010
    ..will both submit and review cases of three injury types (traumatic brain injury, long-bone fracture, and skull fracture) using a web-based template. Physicians will rate their perceptions of social risk for each injury case...
  3. Combination drug treatment to inhibit multiple cell death pathways after TBI
    ALAN FADEN; Fiscal Year: 2009
    ..associated with a decreased level of consciousness, amnesia, other neurologic or neuropsychological abnormalities, skull fracture, intracranial lesions, or death...
  4. Development and Validation of a Diagnostic Tool for Infant Head Injuries from Fal
    SUSAN SHEPS contact MARGULIES; Fiscal Year: 2010
    ..Mechanical responses from the model (cortical displacement relative to skull and peak cortical tissue strain) are statistically correlated with the actual occurrence of extra- axial ..
  5. Development and Validation of a Diagnostic Tool for Infant Head Injuries from Fal
    Susan Margulies; Fiscal Year: 2009
    ..Mechanical responses from the model (cortical displacement relative to skull and peak cortical tissue strain) are statistically correlated with the actual occurrence of extra- axial ..
  6. Graves' Disease Therapy Risks to Mother and Fetus
    Scott A Rivkees; Fiscal Year: 2010
    ..In murine models, we observed that PTU exposure during embryogenesis (E7.5 to 10.5) is associated with skull and cardiac defects, whereas we do not observe malformations in embryos of dams treated with MMI or high doses of ..
  7. Delivery of Soluble FGFR3 as a Treatment for Achondroplasia
    Steven C Ghivizzani; Fiscal Year: 2010
    ..Affected children suffer from abnormal long bone development and deformations of the vertebrae and bones in the skull. There is no cure for achondroplasia, and existing treatments only address some of the complications...
  8. Genetic Architecture of the Mammalian (Canid) Skeleton
    KARL LARK; Fiscal Year: 2007
    ..Dogs are genotyped using microsatellite markers and phenotyped from five x-rays comprising the skull, fore- and hind limbs and pelvis...
  9. Transcranial Sonothrombolysis with Diagnostic Ultrasound
    Thilo Hoelscher; Fiscal Year: 2010
    ..be repeated to optimize US transmit parameters now insonating through intervening wet human cadaveric temporal skull bone. Insonation through bone is limited by sound absorption, scattering and phase aberration...
  10. Transcranial Sonothrombolysis with Diagnostic Ultrasound
    Thilo Hoelscher; Fiscal Year: 2009
    ..be repeated to optimize US transmit parameters now insonating through intervening wet human cadaveric temporal skull bone. Insonation through bone is limited by sound absorption, scattering and phase aberration...
  11. COLLAGEN GENE STRUCTURE AND EXPRESSION
    Bjorn Reino Olsen; Fiscal Year: 2010
    ..that include high myopia, vitreoretinal degeneration, retinal detachment and midline defects in bones of the skull;some patients have imaging abnormalities in the brain suggesting defects in neuronal migration...
  12. COLLAGEN GENE STRUCTURE AND EXPRESSION
    Bjorn Olsen; Fiscal Year: 2009
    ..that include high myopia, vitreoretinal degeneration, retinal detachment and midline defects in bones of the skull; some patients have imaging abnormalities in the brain suggesting defects in neuronal migration...
  13. PHENOGENETICS OF SKULL AND BRAIN INTEGRATION IN CRANIOSYNOSTOSIS
    JOAN THERESE RICHTSMEIER; Fiscal Year: 2010
    ..The skull shape in craniosynostosis can not be explained simply by the premature fusion of sutures, but involves widespread ..
  14. BONE GROWTH, PERIOSTEAL MIGRATION AND MUSCLE FUNCTION
    Susan Herring; Fiscal Year: 1993
    ..to see whether the pattern is produced by the muscle directly, by loading the jaw joint, or by twisting the skull. Aim 4 addresses the problem of how the zygomatic suture affects stress transmission by investigating the physical ..
  15. Clinical Validation and Testing of Percutaneous Cochlear Implantation
    Robert Labadie; Fiscal Year: 2007
    ..demonstrated the concept of percutaneous cochlear access as a single pass of a surgical drill from the lateral skull to the cochlea without injury to adjacent vital structures...
  16. Clinical Validation and Testing of Percutaneous Cochlear Implantation
    Robert F Labadie; Fiscal Year: 2010
    ..demonstrated the concept of percutaneous cochlear access as a single pass of a surgical drill from the lateral skull to the cochlea without injury to adjacent vital structures...
  17. Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms of Patterned Growth of the Mammalian Skull
    Robert E Maxson; Fiscal Year: 2010
    ..genetic control of patterned growth during the morphogenesis of a complex, multicomponent structure, the mammalian skull vault...
  18. BONE GROWTH, PERIOSTEAL MIGRATION, AND MUSCLE FUNCTION
    Susan Herring; Fiscal Year: 2001
    ..Major areas of interest for the next project period will be the cranial sutures, the primary loci of skull deformation during function, and the architecture of newly formed periosteal bone, an important determinant of ..
  19. Permanently Implantable, Intracranial Pressure Sensor
    Arye Rosen; Fiscal Year: 2006
    ..Since the intracranial contents exist within a rigid container (skull), direct pressure measurements require neurosurgical procedures, with their attendant risks, discomforts, and ..
  20. Regional differences in neural crest and mesodermal derived calvarial bone healin
    Michael T Longaker; Fiscal Year: 2010
    ..The paired parietal frontal bones in the anterior skull are derived from the neural crest and the paired parietal bones, positioned posteriorly, are derived from the ..
  21. Development of Thermoacoustic Tomography Brain Imaging
    Mark A Anastasio; Fiscal Year: 2010
    ..challenge in TAT brain imaging is to compensate for the distortion introduced into the TAT measurement data by the skull. The broad objective of this proposal is to make TAT brain imaging a practical, useful, and highly effective brain ..
  22. BONE GROWTH, PERIOSTEAL MIGRATION AND MUSCLE FUNCTION
    Susan Herring; Fiscal Year: 2007
    ..The mechanical environment influences skull growth at every level from individual cells to gross structure...
  23. DYSFUNCTIONAL FGFR SIGNALING IN CRANIOSYNOSTOSIS
    Robert Friesel; Fiscal Year: 2002
    Craniosynostosis, an abnormality of skull development in which the sutures of the growing calvarial bones fuse prematurely, occurs with a frequency of approximately 1 in 2500 live births...
  24. MUSCARINIC RECEPTOR COUPLING TO INOSITIDES IN CNS
    Stephen Fisher; Fiscal Year: 2006
    The regulation of cell volume is of critical importance to the CNS due to the restrictions of the skull. Brain swelling, which may occur in response to a lowering of plasma osmolarity or during cytotoxic edema, is associated with a ..
  25. EVALUATION OF MEG AS A CURRENT SOURCE IMAGING TECHNIQUE
    Yoshio Okada; Fiscal Year: 1993
    ..The resulting SEF will be measured over the exposed intact scalp (with hairs removed), intact skull and intact dura at a measurement distance of 2 mm from each of these surfaces, using a high-resolution, 4-channel ..
  26. A Novel Ultrasound Phased Array and Sonication Method for Stroke Treatments
    Kullervo Hynynen; Fiscal Year: 2010
    ..It is our hypothesis that transcranial sonication using phased array applicators and patient-specific skull information derived from CT scans can better localize ultrasound energy within the brain, and that this will ..
  27. PHENOGENETICS OF SKULL AND BRAIN INTEGRATION IN CRANIOSYNOSTOSIS
    JOAN RICHTSMEIER; Fiscal Year: 2009
    ..We are testing developmental associations between skull and brain using 3D data from micro-CT and micro-MR images of the Fgfr2+/S252W and Fgfr2cC342Y/+ mouse models for ..
  28. EVALUATION OF MEG AS A CURRENT SOURCE IMAGING TECHNIQUE
    Yoshio Okada; Fiscal Year: 2004
    ..e. in the area of human neonatal brain research. Unlike the adults, the skull of the infants has fontanels and sutures which may be abnormally large in pathological cases...
  29. Brain Drug Delivery Using Parkinson as a Disease Model
    Victor Yang; Fiscal Year: 2005
    The protection by the bone-structured skull, the lack of targeting or retention specificity, and the presence of the impermeable blood brain barrier (BBB) render the brain the least promising territory for drug intervention...
  30. MOLECULAR GENETICS OF A SYNDROME WITH HEARING IMPAIRMENT
    J Post; Fiscal Year: 2004
    ..The delineation of the panoply of genes involved in causing craniosynostosis will enhance our understanding of these diseases and suggest new therapeutic strategies. ..