nails

..OBJECTIVES: After reading this article and taking this test, the reader should be able to: 1. Describe the structures that compose the nail apparatus. 2. Identify the most common nail disorders, including etiology and treatment...

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..Gene-gene and gene-environment interactions are involved in arsenic-induced health hazards through toxicological mechanisms including genomic instability and oxidative stress...

..both external and endogenous Pb exposure, past or recent exposure, as well as the significance of Pb determinations in human specimens including hair, nails, saliva, bone, blood (plasma, whole blood), urine, feces, and exfoliated teeth.

..These results suggest that toenails are a better biomarker of chronic As exposure than urine in the current study, because the sequestration of As in toenails provides an integration of exposure over time that does not occur in urine...

..This virtual continuum of connective tissue structures merges with a thick periosteum on the distal phalanx and with the numerous cutaneous ligaments that anchor the fatty pads of the finger pulp to the skin...

..These findings are consistent with a contribution of impaired microvascular function to the development of obesity-related microangiopathy, hypertension, and insulin resistance...

..The lack of association between nail mercury levels and number of amalgam restorations suggests that avoidance of mercury amalgam restorative materials cannot be justified by the presence of mercury released from dental amalgams...

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..Similarly, questionnaire responses indicating soil exposure were not associated with increased urinary arsenic levels. Relatively low soil arsenic exposure likely precluded quantification of arsenic exposure above background...

..We evaluated the association between prediagnostic toenail cadmium and zinc concentrations and risk of prostate cancer in a cohort in which the primary route of exposure to cadmium and zinc is the diet...

..48, P=0.012). Multivariate models confirmed that toenail total mercury concentration was best predicted by total finfish and shellfish consumption...

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..While arsenic is a known carcinogen, recent studies suggest that it is useful as a therapeutic agent for leukemia. This study examined the relationship between arsenic exposure and bladder cancer mortality...

..Arsenic content in drinking water, hair and nails were estimated by Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectroscopy (ICP-MS) and LDH activity was assayed by a ..

..in Mansoura city, Egypt, was examined for concentrations of cadmium, lead, and mercury in blood, urine, hair, and nails. The effect of gender and smoking on such levels was studied...

..Therefore, in this study, we evaluated the PChE activity in individuals exposed to arsenic via drinking water in Bangladesh...

..Pincer nail has been confused with ingrown nail for decades...

27 patients (26 women and 1 man), all in contact with artificial nails, were tested for acrylic compounds, known to be present in nail cosmetics...

..86), while the corresponding correlation for nails was not as strong (r(2) = 0.6)...

..Obtaining a positive laboratory test before treatment is important in clinical practice because the treatment of onychomycosis requires expensive oral antifungal therapy with potentially serious side-effects...

..There are four main types of ingrown nail. These are distal nail embedding, juvenile (subcutaneous) ingrown nail, hypertrophy of the lateral nail fold (lip), and pincer nail...

In recent decades, the use of artificial nails including methacrylates (MAs) has increased. This study presents the first two clinical cases of occupational asthma (OA) caused by sculptured nails containing MAs.

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..A hypothesis explaining this trend is put forward based on the faster rate of formation of hair than of nails. This means that there is less time for the compounds forming hair to be affected by biochemical processes that ..

..CONCLUSIONS: Our findings do not support an association between total mercury exposure and the risk of coronary heart disease, but a weak relation cannot be ruled out...

..These investigations provide insight into exposures and factors influencing exposures in this population while adding to the growing fund of knowledge surrounding use of toenails as a marker of exposure...

..004). Despite the limited statistical stability of the point estimates, these findings appear to support the hypothesis that cadmium exposure increases prostate cancer risk...

..Because fish intake is a major source of exposure to mercury, the mercury content of fish may counteract the beneficial effects of its n-3 fatty acids...

..OGG1 expression levels were linked to As concentrations in drinking water and nails, selenium concentrations in nails, and skin hyperkeratosis...

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..fingernails, which are usually long and polished, reportedly harbor higher microbial populations than natural nails. Hence, the efficacy of different hand washing methods for removing microbes from natural and artificial ..

..instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA) and atomic fluorescence spectrometry (AFS), and to verify nails as an exposure biomarker in this population. In 1999, nail and water samples were collected in a pilot study...

..The effect of ch-OSA on skin, nails and hair was investigated in a randomized, double blind, placebo-controlled study...

..Characteristic ultrasound pictures can be seen in psoriasis, cysts, vascular abnormalities,and other nail diseases. Ultrasound examination can visualize and quantify morphologic and functional aspects of nail biology...

..In this review, the use of human nails to measure exposure to arsenic and selenium is discussed in the context of the biomarker validation framework...

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..It is concluded that As levels in fingernails are a reliable marker of environmental As exposure, and that As concentrations in fingernails reflect the As exposure in a similar manner compared with urinary As(sum) and As species...

..Since selenium levels were relatively high in cases and in controls, our results indicate that an inverse association between selenium level and GC risk may exist only among populations with low selenium levels...

..To evaluate the associations between serum complement factor 3 (C3) and several anthropometrical, biochemical and lifestyle features in healthy young adults, emphasizing on the putative effect of selenium intake on C3 concentrations...

..08 (p = 0.31) among those with concentrations below 1 microg/liter (overall r = 0.46, p < 0.001). Our data suggest that toenail samples provide a useful biologic marker for quantifying low-level arsenic exposure...

..field inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-SMS) for the determination of 71 elements in hair and nails were studied...

..Usually, the majority of persons with severe anemia will be detected at practically no cost. Many people who are not severely anemic will also receive treatment, but the costs of this error are low compared to the benefits...

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..Samples (n = 114 for hair and n = 96 for nails) were taken from subjects without known occupational exposure to metals...

..241). The association of toxic metals in the nails of children with environmental exposure, and nutritional status implies that policies and actions to reduce heavy ..

..We conclude that the evidence is in favor of an inverse association between selenium and bladder cancer risk...

..Results in this geographically stable cohort support the hypothesis that a lifelong low selenium level is associated with lower cognitive function...

..Clone A was found on the hands of 2 HCWs, 1 of whom wore artificial nails, and on the designated stethoscope of a case-infant...

..finger contact with amalgam or contaminated surfaces rather than systemic incorporation of mercury into growing nails. Good correlation between head hair and pubic hair mercury levels in all subjects was obtained (r=0...

..The gene(s) underlying this phenotype is (are) not known. Immunohistochemical and ultrastructural studies of nails are performed infrequently...

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..Only in very few studies have the associations with ESCC and GCA been investigated, and no epidemiologic studies exist on EAC...

..03). The arsenic-melanoma findings in this study are not known to have been previously reported in observational epidemiologic studies involving incident cutaneous melanoma. Therefore, the findings warrant confirmation...

This study aimed to determine the lag time between increased fluoride (F) intake and F detection in human nails, as well as the influence of nails growth rate and length on this. Ten 20- to 35-year-old volunteers received 1...

..Although our findings need verification in a larger study group, they are consistent with the hypothesis that inhibition of DNA repair capacity is a potential mechanism for the co-carcinogenic activity of arsenic...

Hair and nails are often stated to have much in common in relation to their origin, anatomical structures, and common involvement in many diseases...

..Trichophyton rubrum is one of the most frequently isolated pathogens in onychomycosis. Isolation of T. rubrum from nail samples by traditional methods is time-consuming and has a high false-negative rate of detection...

The hair and nails are complex cutaneous adnexal structures influenced by the patient's physiologic state. Systemic diseases may affect either or both...

..The analysis of pediatric onychomycosis is presented, and the incidence and prevalence in the population is discussed...

..The natural history and etiologic agents of this disease are discussed. The currently available methods of laboratory diagnosis are compared and contrasted...

..Age associated disorders include brittle nails, trachyonychia, onychauxis, pachyonychia, onychogryphosis, onychophosis, onychoclavus, onychocryptosis, ..

..The nail drilling method is suitable for diagnosing onychomycosis with a white band or spike, because it gives a high isolation rate and leaves the patients' nail relatively more intact compared with other methods...

..Most of these of the conditions can occur in the workplace and outside of it, so a careful evaluation is necessary to determine the work relatedness of a given condition...

..The aim of the study was to assess in conventional in vivo capillary microscopy a microvascular condition and its abnormalities in nail bed in patients with diagnosed rosacea in various clinical stages...

Superficial mycoses are limited to skin, hair, nails and mucous membranes. The most common etiological agents are dermatophytes and yeasts of Candida genus...

..These in vitro and ex vivo results provide a useful basis for the understanding of arthroconidium formation in vivo in infected tissues such as nails.

..Samples collected from skin, hair and nails were submitted to direct microscopical examination using KOH and Calcofluor white stain, cultured on Sabouraud ..

Human hair and nails, like all other organs, undergo chronological aging. Age-associated changes in growth, color, and structure of the hair and nails are common...

..Hair shafts had conspicuous pits, striations, and exophytic protrusions. Nails were bent at a 90 degrees angle with surface irregularities and accumulations of scale at the nail base...

..A study design was using a display showing photos of abnormal nails including fungal infection, a clinical examination and a questionnaire. The practitioners obtained nail material...

..9) and dropped 41.9% under placebo occlusive dressing (p<0.03). Emla cream upregulated nutritive perfusion. No clinically relevant vasoconstrictive effects are expected from an application period of 60 minutes...

..CONCLUSION: The extent of skin sclerosis may contribute to the elevation of serum VEGF and high VEGF levels may serve as a surrogate indicator of capillary damage in SSc...

..CONCLUSION: Arsenic used therapeutically in homeopathic medicines can cause clinical toxicity if the medications are improperly used...

..To provide an insight into the prevalence of foot disease in Europe, and to include an assessment of the prevalence of predisposing factors and their correlation with foot disease...

..45. Exposure was assessed by standardized questionnaires and by detecting the levels of arsenic in drinking water, nails, hair and urine samples...

..keratinophilum was recovered from all animals. Dermatophytes which are known causal agents of dermatophytosis were also isolated in different frequencies (Microsporum gypseum, M. canis, Trichophyton mentagrophytes, T rubrum)...

..Widespread nail bed insults may be associated with systemic diseases and if a result of local problems these may be difficult to treat...

..both in mycologically proven and non-proven cases were discolorization of nail plate, hyperkeratosis and brittle nails. The number of infected toenails positively correlated with patients' age. On average, patient had 5...

..6 cases/million/year). The patients were mainly elderly, 66% of whom had problems involving their big toe nails. For 74% of them, the nail problem was mentioned as their reason for visiting the physician...

..A wide range of diseases covering numerous pathologies and specialities manifest in changes in the skin and nails. There has been increasing realization and recognition that there is a connection between the skin and systemic ..

..Further evaluation of the patient has not revealed any sign of neoplasia. The variable clinical manifestations of fibrofolliculomas are discussed...

..We report the case of a 14 year old girl with a one year history of subungual chondroma of the fourth toe with good clinical response to surgical removal...

..The differential diagnosis with psoriatic onycho-pachydermo-periostitis, as well as other clinical conditions that involve the distal interphalangeal joints is discussed...

..by their limited lifespan in vitro, and by anatomic deficiencies, including absence of hair, glands and nails. The investigators have demonstrated stable wound closure in burns, chronic wounds and giant nevi with autologous ..

..by their limited lifespan in vitro, and by anatomic deficiencies, including absence of hair, glands and nails. The investigators have demonstrated stable wound closure in burns, chronic wounds and giant nevi with autologous ..

..cognitive, behavioral, motor, and sensory assessments, along with exposure biomarker measures (blood, urine, hair, nails) and Mn in shed deciduous teeth to assess early life and cumulative lifetime exposures...

..of the skin and mucous membranes such as athlete's foot, vaginal yeast infections, and infections of keratinized nails. However, an ominously increasing number of fungi cause systemic disease with the involvement of internal organs...

..of the skin and mucous membranes such as athlete's foot, vaginal yeast infections, and infections of keratinized nails. However, an ominously increasing number of fungi cause systemic disease with the involvement of internal organs...

..components for the function and maintenance of the skin and ectodermal derivatives, including hair, teeth, nails, and sweat glands...

..components for the function and maintenance of the skin and ectodermal derivatives, including hair, teeth, nails, and sweat glands...

..The dermis also signals the epidermis to produce hair, sweat glands, and nails in their proper places...

..Tertiary/Exploratory: Se content of hair and nails, measured alongside As by HG-AFS and NAA...

..been followed to age 2 years, involving the collection of extensive Pb, Mn, and As biomarker data (blood, hair, nails), providing a record of lifetime (including prenatal) exposures to these metals...

..been followed to age 2 years, involving the collection of extensive Pb, Mn, and As biomarker data (blood, hair, nails), providing a record of lifetime (including prenatal) exposures to these metals...

..been followed to age 2 years, involving the collection of extensive Pb, Mn, and As biomarker data (blood, hair, nails), providing a record of lifetime (including prenatal) exposures to these metals...

..biofilms on inert surfaces such as those used for medical devices and on biological surfaces such as the skin, nails and mucous membranes...

..biofilms on inert surfaces such as those used for medical devices and on biological surfaces such as the skin, nails and mucous membranes...

..defined underlying cause of one such malformation, nail-patella syndrome (NPS) that affects the development of the nails, patella, and elbow. NPS is caused by mutations in the LIM-homeodomain transcription factor LMX1B...

..defined underlying cause of one such malformation, nail-patella syndrome (NPS) that affects the development of the nails, patella, and elbow. NPS is caused by mutations in the LIM-homeodomain transcription factor LMX1B...

..defined underlying cause of one such malformation, nail-patella syndrome (NPS) that affects the development of the nails, patella, and elbow. NPS is caused by mutations in the LIM-homeodomain transcription factor LMX1B...

..of the selected compounds through the selected gloves with and without movement and with and without press-on nails at temperatures of 25, 30, 32, 35, and 40 C...

..Surgeons agree that intramedullary nails are the implant of choice when surgery is indicated...

..of the selected compounds through the selected gloves with and without movement and with and without press-on nails at temperatures of 25, 30, 32, 35, and 40 C...

..Nutritional status is represented by dietary intake, nutritional biomarkers in maternal blood and nails, pre-pregnancy body mass index, and weight gain...

..Nutritional status is represented by dietary intake, nutritional biomarkers in maternal blood and nails, pre-pregnancy body mass index, and weight gain...

..the nude phenotype, which is characterized by the abnormal morphogenesis of the skin, thymus, mammary gland, and nails. Based on our work to date, we have developed the following model of Foxn1 function...

..Nutritional status is represented by dietary intake, nutritional biomarkers in maternal blood and nails, pre-pregnancy body mass index, and weight gain...

..The syndrome is characterized by dysplasia of the nails, patellae and elbows, as well as open angle glaucoma and potentially lethal nephropathy...

..the nude phenotype, which is characterized by the abnormal morphogenesis of the skin, thymus, mammary gland, and nails. Based on our work to date, we have developed the following model of Foxn1 function...

..and remotely controlled - will be developed, tested and combined with a largely existing suite of intramedullary nails and associated implant hardware...

..Each topic will include several presentations pertaining to African American, Latino, and Asian skin, hair and nails and will conclude with a discussion panel...

..In addition we will try to identify other risk factors associated with cognitive decline in this population. ..