nasal lavage fluid

..In this study, we aimed to identify (i) pathways affected by local GC treatment and (ii) examine if those pathways could be used to find novel markers of local GC treatment in nasal fluids from patients with IAR...

..We provide evidence of upper airways disease in COPD, which appears to be related more to patients who currently smoke than to disease severity...

..Our findings may further emphasize asthmatics as a vulnerable group to common air pollutants...

..of allergic rhinitis, we determined its effects on the increase of chemical mediator concentrations in nasal lavage fluid following the intranasal antigen challenge in guinea pigs actively sensitized with DNP-Ascaris...

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..i.d) were determined in children with seasonal allergic rhinitis. Nasal lavage fluid levels of eotaxin, eosinophil cationic protein (ECP), and alpha2-macroglobulin, indicating plasma exudation, ..

..Furthermore, the identification of different forms of the two proteins makes possible more detailed studies on the role of these proteins in inflammatory disease processes and anti-inflammatory therapies...

..This illustrates the limitations of air measurements of microbial exposures in damp buildings...

..examined with immunohistochemical staining of nasal scrape biopsy specimens, and levels of soluble ICAM-1 in nasal lavage fluid were measured by sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay technique...

..Humoral and cellular parameters were measured in nasal lavage fluid (NALF) and induced sputum...

..levels (tumor necrosis factor [TNF]-alpha, interleukin [IL]-1beta, IL-4, IL-6, interferon [IFN]-gamma) in nasal lavage fluid (NAL) compared with that evoked by placebo challenge...

..We have identified two forms of the PLUNC protein in human nasal lavage fluid (NLF) using two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE) and MS...

..To enhance the detection of lower abundance proteins, intact nasal lavage fluid (NLF) proteins from nonpolypoid AR and from asthmatic CRS patients were extensively fractionated prior to LC/..

..challenge led to parallel increases in eosinophil counts, levels of EPX, and eotaxin concentrations in nasal lavage fluid. The levels of eotaxin in lavage samples showed strong correlation with lavage levels of eosinophil counts ..

..Little is known about anti-inflammatory mediators in IAR. DNA microarrays allow simultaneous analysis of the whole transcriptome in a sample...

..Increase in concentration of endothelin-1 in nasal lavage fluid from allergic patients were significantly higher than in control group respectively from 18.33 +/- 5...

..Determination of plasma exudation together with RCE in NAL and induced sputum is a good, non-invasive way to quantify inflammation of airway mucosa...

Here, we demonstrate the presence of multiple isoforms of palate lung nasal epithelial clone (PLUNC) in human nasal lavage fluid (NLF)...

..Increased nasal mucosal output of TNFalpha has been demonstrated in allergic rhinitis, but the effect of TNFalpha on the human nasal mucosa has not been examined in vivo...

..DNA microarrays have recently made it possible to compare mRNA profiles of lavage fluids from healthy and diseased patients, whereas information on the protein level is still lacking...

OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this studywas to compare the cellular and biochemical findings in the nasal lavage fluid (NALF) and nasal resistance changes due to a challenge with laboratory animal allergens in 25 patients with occupational ..

..Many exacerbations are believed to be due to upper and/or lower respiratory tract viral infections, but the incidence of these infections in patients with COPD is still undetermined...

..This study is the first to report a correlation between the degree of upper and lower airway inflammation in COPD...

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..RSV contributed significantly to total LRTI disease in this vaccine-target group...

..The proteomic approach presented here allowed us to identify, in the high complexity of acute sinusitis nasal secretions, the proteins that respond to a pharmacological treatment and that could be suitable as markers of this pathology...

..We assayed the levels of these three molecules in nasal secretions in correlation with cytologic findings and especially the degree of eosinophilia...

..The exact mechanism of a chronic nonproductive cough is sometimes unclear when patients who are without symptoms or signs indicating the major causes of chronic cough remain undiagnosed...

..The biological mechanisms involved in inflammatory response to air pollution are not clearly understood...

..To study the relationships between dampness in concrete floors and building design on the one hand, and symptoms and medical signs of the eyes and nose in hospital workers, on the other...

..CONCLUSIONS: Exacerbation of COPD is associated with pan-airway inflammation; the systemic inflammatory response is proportional to that occurring in the lower airway and greater in the presence of a bacterial pathogen...

We have previously described the protein patterns of human nasal lavage fluid (NLF) and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) after two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE)...

..concentrations of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and nitric oxide (NO) in nasal lavage fluid were significantly higher in the exposed than in the control subjects at the end of the first exposure ..

..In summary, urban children had increased levels of inflammatory nasal markers, and their responses were more pronounced than were the suburban children's responses to the same increments of air pollution...

..IL-5 levels and relative eosinophil counts in nasal lavage fluid increased significantly in patients with allergic rhinitis during the pollen season, compared with values ..

..These observations suggest a time- and dose-dependent, non-specific dysfunction of local immunity response after nasal provocations...

..258, p = 0.42). Due to the lack of statistically confirmed relationship between MPO level and the number of neutrophils, MPO seems to be of little value as a marker of neutrophil influx into nasal mucosa...

..In this study, we aimed to investigate the release and response of interleukin (IL)-18 to steroid treatment in a mouse model of allergic rhinitis...

..Since satisfactory outcomes were obtained from the controlled pollen exposure at the chamber, we conducted preliminary studies in volunteers with SAR...

..This structure detected in eosinophils has not been reported previously, and is considered to be an interesting finding from the viewpoint of the function of eosinophils...

..Exposure to high ambient levels of nitrogen dioxide (NO2) enhances the bronchial inflammatory reaction to allergen in humans. We tested whether this NO2 effect occurs also in the upper airways...

..The method is non-invasive, well standardized and reproducible and therefore may serve as a valid tool for future investigations...

..In this study the aim was to investigate the effects of swine dust exposure on nasal symptoms as well as the microcirculation. Furthermore, the effect on nasal lavage was investigated...

..Nasal obstruction is the main symptom in patients with perennial allergic rhinitis. Some new antihistamines have been demonstrated to be capable of improving this symptom...

..CONCLUSION: Fluticasone propionate has selective inhibitory effects on Th2 cytokine synthesis following nasal challenge, while also decreasing release of chemokines, but not affecting levels of Th1 cytokines...

..This study was designed to investigate and discuss the pathophysiological significance of VEGF in nasal secretions from perennial allergic rhinitis sufferers...

..the effects of a single dose of topical steroid on eosinophils and levels of chemokines and cytokines in nasal lavage fluid following NAC in patients with allergic rhinitis...

..This observation is consistent with the notion that compared with rhinitis alone, the presence of asthma and rhinitis signifies a higher degree of functional abnormality of the entire airway...

..These findings are compatible with the hypothesis that allergen-specific IgA plays a role in the allergic inflammation and further studies are needed to clarify the functional role of these allergen-specific antibodies...

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..The thromboxane B2 level in nasal lavage fluid was significantly deceased in the Shu-Bi-Lin-treated group; however, the reduction in histamine and peptide ..

..Whether this immune response represents durable allergic tolerance is not yet known. Studies investigating the molecular mechanisms of this non-IgE response may be useful in developing therapy to prevent allergic sensitization...

..Furthermore, nasal lavage fluid levels of eosinophil cationic protein (ECP) and alpha2-macroglobulin were assessed as indices of eosinophil ..

..05). Neutrophils were the predominant cells in the cytological analysis in all subjects. CONCLUSION: These data argue that host-response factors are important in determining the clinical phenotype, independent of the causative virus...

..Nasal cell populations and soluble mediators in the nasal lavage fluid were characterized...

..CFS had neural hypersensitivity (pain) but reduced serous cell secretion. HTS nasal provocations identified significant, unique patterns of neural and mucosal dysregulation in each rhinosinusitis syndrome...

..SNAR seems to be different from SAR and PNAR regarding immunological mechanism and symptom period. We conclude that the cause of SNAR is unknown...

..There is evidence that adenosine plays a role in the pathogenesis of asthma and rhinitis; however, it is currently unclear whether adenosine receptors are useful therapeutic targets in the treatment of allergic airway diseases...

..007). This study shows the cetirizine effectiveness in exerting anti-inflammatory activity by modulating cytokine pattern and by reducing inflammatory infiltration in children with perennial allergic rhinitis...

..Interleukin-5 level was decreased and interferon gamma level was increased in nasal lavage fluid by injection of ISS-ODN/Der f conjugate...

..CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS: A defect in mucosal water homeostasis may need to be considered in individuals who get excessive nasal symptoms when exposed to cold and dry, windy environment...

..The aim of this study was to examine the correlation between inflammatory cells in the nasal lavage fluid and clinical parameters following pollen challenge.

..bid), their combination, and placebo, on nasal symptoms, eosinophil differential cell count and albumin in nasal lavage fluid (measures of inflammation and leakage respectively) and nasal electrical potential difference (measure of ..

The aims of this study were to describe the changes in the nasal lavage fluid (NLF) protein pattern after exposure to the irritating epoxy chemical dimethylbenzylamine (DMBA) and to identify the affected proteins using a proteomic ..

..We suggest that this model of guinea pig allergic rhinitis with the early and late responses may be useful for high-throughout screening of new drugs...

..Allergic rhinitis (AR) and asthma are frequently associated and characterized by a Th2-dependent inflammation. Nasal and bronchial obstruction may be objectively measured...

..The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of nasal instillation of IL-8 on the influx of inflammatory cells...

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..Low expression of TGF-beta-inducible transcripts may indicate decreased TGF-beta activity in allergic rhinitis. DNA microarray analysis may be a way to study cytokine effects in vivo...

..Hypertonic saline (HTS) acts as an airway irritant in human nasal mucosa by stimulating nociceptive nerves and glandular secretion. HTS does not change vascular permeability. In asthma, HTS causes airflow obstruction...

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..These findings provide further support for the relationship between viral upper respiratory tract infections and otitis media...

..Increasing eosinophil number had no effects on the hyper-responsiveness to histamine. We speculate that the physical conditions of air differentially impact the stages of allergic inflammation...

..70, P<.01). CONCLUSION: As-needed intranasal corticosteroids reduce allergic inflammation and are more effective than as-needed H(1) receptor antagonists in the treatment of seasonal allergic rhinitis...

..One potential mechanism by which respiratory viruses trigger illness and complications is via the local elaboration of inflammatory mediators...

..These findings support the viewpoint that upper and lower airway disease represent a continuum of inflammation involving one common airway and provide evidence for the concept of global airway inflammation after inhalation of allergen...

..Standardized nasal provocation testing has the potential to become a more frequently used clinical test in the diagnosis of allergic and occupational rhinitis and for determination of the appropriate and focused therapy...

..The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of locally produced allergen-specific antibodies in the nasal lavage fluid during the recruitment of inflammatory cells in AR...

..Genetic engineering of the major birch pollen allergen (Bet v 1) has led to the generation of recombinant Bet v 1 derivatives with markedly reduced IgE-binding capacity, but with retained T cell activating ability...

..In addition, other allergo-immunologic parameters are evaluated in order to better evaluate this allergic phlogosis...

..However, no significant differences were found between patients during and after the birch pollen season...

..widespread occurrence in nasal mucosal nerves of patients with seasonal allergic rhinitis and that increased nasal lavage fluid levels of secretoneurin may characterize ongoing allergen exposure...

..Furthermore, when associated with nasal symptoms, COPD may be associated with an increased nasal secretory responsiveness...

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..We conclude that extravasated plasma may be moved across the epithelium by a hydrostatic pressure-operated epithelial mechanism...

..The objective of the present study was to examine indices of granulocyte presence and activity in response to intranasal TNFalpha challenge...

..The nasal output of fluid in allergic rhinitis is associated with luminal appearance of bioactive molecules emanating from the microcirculation as well as the secretory apparatus...

..Polyp histology typically shows chronic, eosinophilic inflammation. The inflammatory cell infiltrate generally includes eosinophils, lymphocytes, plasma cells and mast cells...

..Remarkable decrease of interferon-gamma and significant increase of interleukin-4 in the nasal lavage fluid were apparent after DE or DEG exposure, but not in the KLD group...

..The present study was designed to explore the possible changes in endogenous hydrogen sulphide (H(2)S), a novel gasotransmitter, on the pathogenesis of allergic rhinitis (AR)...

..anaesthetized animals, nasal airway pressure, pulmonary inflation pressure and cellular infiltration into nasal lavage fluid were measured...

..Changed levels of these proteins may therefore be of importance to the airway inflammation caused by smoking. The results also support the notion that PLUNC is involved in inflammatory responses in the upper airways...

..Both the IL-6 receptor (IL-6R) and gp130 can be found in soluble forms that regulate the pathway...

..Provocation with TDI increased nasal symptoms, HDC activity, the histamine content of nasal lavage fluid, and the expression of H1R, HDC, and IL-4 mRNAs in TDI-sensitized rats...

..To test the hypothesis that exposure to thermal-degradation products of polyurethane (PUR), particularly isocyanates, induced nasal inflammation...

..and blinking frequency), nasal (acoustic rhinometry and analysis of inflammatory markers and cells in nasal lavage fluid), and pulmonary (peak expiratory flow, forced expiratory volume in 1 s, forced vital capacity, vital ..

..and lower airway inflammatory responses and the concentrations of hydroxylated salicylate metabolites using nasal lavage fluid and induced sputum, in order to identify noninvasive and sensitive biomarkers for ozone exposure and effects...

..been thought to be a potent mediator involved in allergic rhinitis because PGD2 has been recovered from the nasal lavage fluid of patients with allergic rhinitis after allergen provocation and because PGD2 receptor antagonists relieved ..

This study determined the influence of exposure to environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) in aircraft on measured and perceived cabin air quality (CAQ), symptoms, tear-film stability, nasal patency, and biomarkers in nasal lavage fluid.

We have analyzed protein patterns of human nasal lavage fluid (NLF) with two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE) and identified several proteins (such as transthyretin, Clara Cell protein 16, lipocalin-1, cystatin S, cystatin SN, ..

..of mast cell degranulation (tryphase) and neuro-immune modulation (nerve growth factor) will be assayed in nasal lavage fluid pre- and post chemical provocation in a subset of subjects...

..responses and the role of phase II enzymes in allergic inflammation, (ii) characterize the proteome of human nasal lavage fluid to measure PM-induced oxidative stress responses in human subjects with high and low responses to DEP and to ..

..airway responses of asthmatics who are responsive and non-responsive will be compared to baseline sputum and nasal lavage fluid IL-8 and ECP to determine if either in vitro monocyte responses or IL-8 and ECP in readily obtained airway ..

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..These methods and biomarkers may be of diagnostic value. They will be useful for assessing longitudinal changes in disease severity, phenotype, or the effects of treatment. ..

..Given these opportunities, the WISCART program can continue to provide trainees with a comprehensive mentored research training experience that will prepare them for successful research careers in Allergy and Immunology. ..

..These methods and biomarkers may be of diagnostic value. They will be useful for assessing longitudinal changes in disease severity, phenotype, or the effects of treatment. ..

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..These analyses will define the role of TREG in the inadequate CMV immune reconstitution of HAART recipients. ..

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..It is proposed that these collaborative studies will provide new insight into mechanisms of respiratory-virus-induced asthma, the possible role of diminished IFN-gamma production in this process, and possibilities for new treatment...

..This will hopefully help to improve our therapeutic modalities for this enigmatic illness that affects millions of Americans every year. ..

..e. nasal provocation) as the means to evaluate future treatments of CFS. ..

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..pneumoniae is important because of the high complexity and cost of the polysaccharide-protein conjugate vaccine and the rapid evolution of pneumococci to evade the capsule-type-specific protection elicited by the conjugate vaccine. ..

..The PI's long term goals are to provide important new insights into the basic elements of airway defense, CF lung disease, and to bring these findings to the development of novel therapies for CF lung disease. ..

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..The specific aims of this study are to define the prevalence of hMPV infection in children, describe fully the spectrum of clinical illness and identify serologic markers of seroconversion and correlates of immunity. ..

..The data obtained will assist with the development of correlates of protective immunity for PspA and PspC that can be applied to vaccine development. ..

..Findings from this work will both help to inform clinical care of patients with AIDS-related KS in Africa and provide biological insights into the effect of antiretroviral therapy on underlying KSHV infection. ..

..Objective: Increase public and professional preparedness for chemical/radiological disasters). ..