saliva

..These findings are consistent with the animal literature on the physiological effects of uncontrollable social threat and contradict the belief that cortisol is responsive to all types of stressors...

The aim of this study was to examine the presence of microRNAs (miRNAs) within exosomes isolated from human saliva and to optimize and test methods for successful downstream applications.

..It is shown that depending on which formula is used, different associations with other variables may emerge. Consequently, it is recommended to employ both formulas when analyzing data sets with repeated measures...

..This supplemental file is accessble fromhttp://exon.niaid.nih.gov/transcriptome/tick_review/Sup-Table-1.xls.gz...

..We hypothesized that the species richness of human oral microflora is underestimated. Saliva and supragingival plaque were sampled from 71 and 98 healthy adults, respectively...

..Culture-independent approaches provide the best means to assess the diversity of oral bacteria because most of them remain uncultivable...

..We analyzed 14,115 partial ( approximately 500 bp) 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) sequences from saliva samples from 120 healthy individuals (10 individuals from each of 12 worldwide locations)...

..dengue virus (DEN) infection, the detection of DEN-specific immunoglobulin M (IgM) and IgA antibodies in serum and saliva specimens was assessed in 147 patients with symptoms of DEN infection seen at the Ministry of Health in Nicaragua...

..This study investigates a potential immunological marker, based on human antibody responses to Anopheles saliva, as a new indicator to evaluate the efficacy of insecticide-treated nets (ITNs)...

Important data obtained in mice raise the possibility that immunization against the saliva of sand flies could protect from leishmaniasis...

..mutans biofilm formation on saliva-coated hydroxyapatite surface, and on dental caries development in Sprague-Dawley rats...

..Main outcome measures were cotinine measured in saliva, smoke-free homes defined by "no" response to "Does anyone smoke inside this house/flat on most ..

Antibody (IgG) responses to the saliva of Phlebotomus argentipes were investigated using serum samples from regions of India endemic and non-endemic for visceral leishmaniasis (VL)...

Sand fly saliva has an array of pharmacological and immunomodulatory components, and immunity to saliva protects against Leishmania infection...

Sand fly saliva plays an important role in Leishmania transmission. We characterized the host antibody response to saliva from 3 sand fly species...

..The specific antibody (Ab) IgG response to saliva obtained from Anopheles gambiae mosquitoes was evaluated in young children from an area of seasonal malaria ..

..Arboviruses, including dengue and West Nile virus, are injected into vertebrates within mosquito saliva during mosquito feeding...

The presence of Campylobacter concisus in the saliva of healthy individuals and patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) was examined. C...

..b>Saliva samples of healthy adults (n = 15; m:8; f:7) were collected directly before and after dental care, and directly ..

..Thus, innovative strategies are needed to reduce disease burden. The malaria vectors, through the injection of saliva into the host skin, play important role on disease transmission and may influence malaria morbidity...

..with a barcoded pyrosequencing method to see whether the latter accurately describes microbiome diversity in human saliva. Our results indicate that despite the shorter read lengths, the pyrosequencing approach provides a description of ..

..longipalpis saliva. Additionally, splenocytes of exposed mice produce IFN-γ upon stimulation with LJM11, demonstrating the systemic ..

The detection of trypanosome-specific antibodies in saliva is technically feasible, and, if clinically validated, could become an attractive option for non-invasive diagnosis of sleeping sickness...

..The IgM and IgG antibody responses of 88 French soldiers against the saliva of Anopheles gambiae and Aedes aegypti were evaluated before and after a 5-month journey in tropical Africa...

..Here we report the presence of infectious prions in the urine and saliva of deer with chronic wasting disease (CWD)...

..In vitro, the cranberry constituent inhibited the adhesion of Streptococcus sobrinus to saliva-coated hydroxyapatite...

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..To evaluate aberrant promoter hypermethylation of candidate tumor suppressor genes as a means to detect epigenetic alterations specific to solid tumors, including head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC)...

..This study examined the long-term association between prenatal anxiety and measures of diurnal cortisol at age 10 years...

Leishmania is transmitted by female sand flies and deposited together with saliva, which contains a vast repertoire of pharmacologically active molecules that contribute to the establishment of the infection...

..They are ubiquitous in most body fluids (breast milk, saliva, blood, urine, malignant ascites, amniotic, bronchoalveolar lavage, and synovial fluids)...

..and PCR-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) to examine bacterial diversity of oral microbiota in saliva and supragingival plaques from 60 children aged 3 to 6 years old with and without dental caries from China...

This nonsystematic review summarizes the effects of saliva on some of the diseases affecting the hard and soft oral tissues.

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..We examined the cross-sectional association between the cortisol response to laboratory-induced mental stress and a marker of sub-clinical coronary atherosclerosis...

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..However, it remains unknown whether acute stress has immediate effects on WM-related prefrontal activity...

The saliva of the sand fly Lutzomyia longipalpis, a major vector of Leishmania, exhibits pharmacological and immunomodulatory activities that may facilitate entry and establishment of parasites into the vertebrate host...

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Immunity to saliva of Phlebotomus papatasi protects against Leishmania major infection as determined by co-inoculation of parasites with salivary gland homogenates (SGHs) of this vector...

..of mice with WNV mixed with salivary gland extract (SGE) led to higher viremia, demonstrating that mosquito saliva is the major cause of mosquito-induced enhancement...

..The virus is excreted in the saliva and there is a strong correlation between the infection status (negative, slight or strong by PCR) and the numbers ..

During blood feeding, sand flies inject Leishmania parasites in the presence of saliva. The types and functions of cells present at the first host-parasite contact are critical to the outcome on infection and sand fly saliva has been ..

Two major antibody classes operate in saliva: secretory IgA (SIgA) and IgG. The former is synthesized as dimeric IgA by plasma cells (PCs) in salivary glands and is exported by the polymeric Ig receptor (pIgR)...

..Overall, the results highlight the greater importance of school-based peer groups than family SES for young people's psychoneuroendocrine response...

..The objective of this study was to analyze the usefulness of urine and saliva samples for early diagnosis of DENV infection by real time RT-PCR...

..Our aim was therefore to determine the presence of RNA in exosomes from human saliva, plasma and breast milk and whether these exosomes can be taken up by macrophages.

..By showing a potential mechanism underlying central reinforcement of androgen use, the present findings may moreover have implications for our understanding of the pathophysiology of AAS dependency...

Leishmania transmission occurs in the presence of insect saliva. Immunity to Phlebotomus papatasi or Lutzomyia longipalpis saliva or salivary components confers protection against an infection by Leishmania in the presence of the ..

..Thus, the aim of this study was to develop a sensitive tool to assess the exposure to malaria or to bites from the vector Anopheles gambiae, despite anti-malarial prophylactic treatment...

..Nevertheless, there are ample data suggesting that stressful events, through their actions on cortisol levels and reactivity, may influence psychological and physical pathology...

The assay of saliva is an increasing area of research with implications for basic and clinical purposes...

..PCR-based methods for diagnosis of WD have been developed. T. whipplei has been identified in saliva and stool samples from patients with WD and from healthy persons. T...

The saliva of ticks (Suborder Ixodida) is critical to their survival as parasites...

..Therefore we examined the effect of human whole saliva and dietary sugars, glucose and galactose on the adhesion and biofilm formation of Candida albicans. Biofilms of C...

..two new substrates for StcE, mucin 7 and glycoprotein 340, and that purified StcE reduces the viscosity of human saliva. We tested the hypothesis that StcE contributes to intimate adherence of EHEC to host cells by cleavage of ..

Human saliva is secreted by the three pairs of major salivary glands (parotid, submandibular, and sublingual), and numerous minor ones, e.g. labial, buccal and (glosso)palatine glands...

b>Saliva contains a large number of proteins that participate in the protection of oral tissue. We found, for the first time, small vesicles (30-130 nm in diameter) in human whole saliva...

..Here, we focused on the sialome of the European vector of Lyme disease, Ixodes ricinus...

How aging influences the secretion of saliva is not entirely clear. Postmortem studies have demonstrated that, with age, the parenchyma of the salivary glands is gradually replaced by fat, connective tissue, and oncocytes...

..performed a multiple sclerosis (MS) GWAS where a substantial component of the cases (24%) had DNA derived from saliva. Genotyping was done on the Illumina genotyping platform using the Infinium Hap370CNV DUO microarray...

..was conducted to evaluate the role of dental status on the microbial production of acetaldehyde from ethanol in saliva. The microbial acetaldehyde production from ethanol was related to the dental score in 132 volunteers...

..Though some proteins are immunogenic and have potential as markers of vector exposure, their identity and vector specificity remain elusive...

..Smoking is a leading cause of premature mortality and preventable morbidity. Surveillance is most often based on self-reported data, but studies have shown that self-reports tend to underestimate smoking status...

..albopictus. As Ae. albopictus tends to replace Ae. aegypti in many regions, one question remained: is Ae. albopictus as efficient as Ae. aegypti to transmit the variant E1-226V of CHIKV?..

..different regions of Brazil on the activity of separate, purified Gtf enzymes in solution and on the surface of saliva-coated hydroxyapatite (sHA) beads were evaluated...

..Whether these gender differences in HPA activation contribute to gender-related differences in gambling behavior is the subject of ongoing investigation...

..The aim of the present study was to investigate the adrenocortical response to diaper change in mother-infant dyads with psychosocial risk factors...

..carrying mutations affecting the localization or expression of P1, in the presence of fluid-phase or adsorbed saliva or salivary agglutinin preparations. Whole saliva- and salivary agglutinin-induced aggregation of S...

..Unfortunately, information on the validity and reliability of some test strips in urine and saliva samples is not always available...

..To describe A. gambiae salivary gland and saliva contents, we combined several techniques: 1-DE, 2-DE and LC MS/MS...

..Although the cortisol awakening response is modulated by circadian influences, it primarily reflects phasic psychophysiological processes specific to the sleep-wake transition...

..Female fecundity is regulated by nutritional status. Although widely cited, this hypothesis is not strongly supported by empirical data from non-obese, healthy women of reproductive age...

..Disorders of impulsive aggression in humans have likewise been associated with high testosterone levels, but human evidence for the link between testosterone and aggression remains correlational and inconclusive...

..In conclusion, CMS leads to modification of growth trajectory, locomotor activity and adrenocortical responses to stress in juvenile offspring. Further, males appear considerably more vulnerable to these effects than females...

..However, parasite infection occurs through the wound produced by insect mouthparts. Saliva of the Triatominae bug Rhodnius prolixus is a source of lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC)...

..For example, saliva is an oral fluid that may play a role in HPV transmission, although the detection rates of the virus are lower ..

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..These data suggest that aversive stressful events can be associated with mesolimbic dopamine release in humans, and that the method presented here may be useful to study the effects of early life events on neurobiological stress systems...

..Moreover, adherence measures often rely on parent report of medication use, and their validity and reliability are unknown...

..microfluidic chip for the quantification of acetoacetate in artificial urine, as well as nitrite in artificial saliva. Glucose assays were based on those previously demonstrated (Martinez et al...

..essential for growth, and we investigated multispecies community interactions resulting in mutualistic growth on saliva as the sole nutritional source...

..Lack of effects of severe ELS even for growth delayed children may reflect the restorative effects of adoption or the generally low responsiveness of this age group to the TSST-C...

..This study shows that analysis of salivary levels of sex steroids are informative and can be used in neuroendocrine, chronobiological and other research areas, when repeated sampling is needed...

..Plasmodium falciparum histidine-rich protein II (PfHRP II) levels in plasma and saliva were compared in malaria-positive and -negative patients in Ghana...

..The present study was carried out to determine day-to-day differences in cortisol levels and the molar cortisol-to-dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) ratio (molar C/D ratio) in working subjects...

..The present study sought to answer this question by measuring waking salivary cortisol levels in young people at familial risk of depression but with no personal history of mood disorder...

..Assuming an equal distribution between the beverage and saliva, the residual acetaldehyde concentrations in the saliva after swallowing could be on average 195 microM for beer, ..

..00001). Caffeine may elevate cortisol by stimulating the central nervous system in men but may interact with peripheral metabolic mechanisms in women...

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationship between the physicochemical properties of saliva such as flow rate, buffering capacity, pH, calcium level, total protein, total antioxidant status, and dental caries, age, and ..

..This oral fluid ELISA will greatly assist in the convenience of B. pertussis disease diagnosis and surveillance...

..Increasing attention is being paid to the effects of tsetse fly saliva deposited at the feeding site, which enables the blood-feeding process and putatively promotes parasite ..

OBJECTIVE: Ambulatory saliva collections for subsequent analysis of free cortisol levels are now frequently applied to measure adrenocortical activity in healthy subjects and patient populations...

..by excluding participants who reported a delay of more than 10 min between waking up and taking the first saliva sample...

..6.1.5) present in a variety of organisms. The apyrase activity found in the saliva of hematophagous insects is correlated with the prevention of ADP-induced platelet aggregation of the host during ..

..Because maternal depression confers added risk for depression to children, these alterations might provide a link between early events and later psychopathology...

..This results in high local acetaldehyde concentrations in the saliva and contents of the large intestine...

..There were strong correlations between urinary and saliva cotinine concentrations and also, though to a lesser extent, between these media and plasma...

The correlation between caries incidence and Streptococcus mutans/lactobacilli in saliva was studied in two different age groups, followed from ages 5 to 7 and from 12 to 14...

..Findings are discussed in terms of cross-situational consistency of stress responses, the utility of stress reactivity for understanding individual differences in risk taking, and the interpretive limitations imposed by study design...

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The saliva of the blood-sucking insect, Rhodnius prolixus, originally from the Amazon river basin, which carries the parasite Trypanasoma cruzi, the vector of Chagas' disease, contains a suite of heme proteins that we have named ..

The saliva of the blood-sucking insect, Rhodnius prolixus, originally from the Amazon river basin, which carries the parasite Trypanasoma cruzi, the vector of Chagas' disease, contains a suite of heme proteins that we have named ..

..as low birth weight and premature birth, and (b) evaluate the feasibility of assembling a birth-cohort to provide saliva samples for the analysis of genetic susceptibility to the effects of air pollution on birth outcomes...

It is well known that substances in the saliva of Phlebotomine sand flies enhance pathogenesis of leishmanial parasites in their mammalian hosts and exacerbates the pathology these parasites produce...

It is well known that substances in the saliva of Phlebotomine sand flies enhance pathogenesis of leishmanial parasites in their mammalian hosts and exacerbates the pathology these parasites produce...

We have discovered a series of heme proteins in the saliva of the blood-sucking bug Rhodnius prolixus that act as vasodilators, anti-platelet aggregation and anti-histaminic agents when injected into the victim...

The saliva of the blood-sucking insect, Rhodnius prolixus, originally from the Amazon river basin, which carries the parasite Trypanasoma cruzi, the vector of Chagas'disease, contains a suite of heme proteins that we have named ..

..Secretory immunoglobulin A (SigA) antibodies reactive with commensal bacteria are present in saliva but their impact ont he normal flora is not known...

..g., teeth. Secretory IgA antibodies in saliva are important in protection against oral diseases, including Streptococcus mutans-induced dental caries, and are ..

..Data from symptom diaries will be correlated with primary infection as defined by onset of the viruses in saliva. Documentation of seroconversion is the current gold standard for diagnosis of HHV-6 infection, but by definition, ..

..In vitro studies have identified saliva proteins involved in each process...

b>Saliva is vital for oral health. It is essential for the hydration of the oral mucosa; it provides lubrication, begins nutrient digestion and imparts antimicrobial and mechanical protection for the mouth and upper gastrointestinal tract...

..Two important bulk fluids, saliva and GCF, bathe the biofilm surfaces and play and undetermined role in biofilm development...

..We have found that infectious prions capable of transmitting CWD are present in the saliva, blood, and urine of CWD-infected deer, potentially explaining the lateral transmission of the disease...

..To compare the microbial composition of samples from 8 different oral mucous membrane sites with that found in saliva, supra and sub-gingival plaque in subjects stratified according to periodontal status (health or disease) and ..

..We plan to collect saliva DNA using Oragene tool kits from voluntary participants among 15,409 interviewees in the sample of about 937 ..