muscle cells

..This response was enhanced by phenylephrine and inhibited by EGF. FOXO1 is expressed, regulated, and functionally active in cardiomyocytes and thus may contribute to apoptotic responses in heart...

..We hypothesized that HDL modulates glucose metabolism via elevation of plasma insulin and through activation of the key metabolic regulatory enzyme, AMP-activated protein kinase, in skeletal muscle...

..The results may have possible therapeutic potential in preventing myocyte cell death following ischemia/reperfusion...

..Our results suggest that ALDH activity is a novel marker for a population of new human skeletal muscle progenitors presenting a potential for cell biology and cell therapy...

..However, it is unknown whether APOA-I directly protects against diabetes. The aim of this study was to characterise the functional role of APOA-I in glucose homeostasis...

..The aim of the study is to define IL-6 target gene regulation in cultivated human detrusor smooth muscle cells.

..Concomitantly, proteins of the centrosome relocalize from the pericentriolar material to the outer surface of the nucleus. The mechanisms that govern this relocalization are largely unknown...

....

..out to explore the effect of prolonged low grade oxidative stress and vitamin E treatment on cultured rat L6 muscle cells. METHODS: L6 myotubes were incubated with vitamin E for 18 h and treated with H2O2 generating system for 12 h...

..Moreover, just as transcription factor activity varies between different cell types, the factors influencing mRNA decay are also cell-type specific...

..We propose that Arp2/3 and cofilin coordinate a dynamic cycle of actin branching and severing at the cell cortex, essential for insulin-mediated GLUT4 translocation in muscle cells.

....

..Intriguingly, the AS160-targeted Rabs appear to differ, with Rab8A participating in GLUT4 exocytosis in muscle cells and Rab10 in adipocytes, and their activation by insulin is unknown...

..On very stiff substrates, this adaptation seems to involve RhoA kinase...

The aim of this study was to establish a rapid preparation of plasma membrane from adipocytes and muscle cells to detect translocated glucose transporter (GLUT) 4...

..Our aim was to identify the most abundantly secreted proteins in cultures of human skeletal muscle cells and to monitor their expression in muscles of strength-training individuals...

..However, the expression of the leptin receptor (OB-Rb) mRNA, was unchanged during differentiation of the muscle cells. Administration of recombinant leptin had no effect on leptin, myogenin, myoD, or GLUT4 mRNA expressions during ..

..in atherogenesis especially by diabetic dyslipidemia; however, their receptor(s) and effects on vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) remain unclear...

..of different autoantibody composition and obtained at different stages of disease severity, on primary human muscle cells. Sera from MG patients induced changes in cell morphology from typical elongated cells to an irregular ..

Viability and myogenesis from C2C12 muscle cells and L6 rat myoblasts were dose-dependently stimulated by insulin...

..In this study, we investigated the susceptibility of utrophin to cleavage by calpain in vitro and in muscle cells. We found that utrophin is a direct in vitro substrate of purified calpain I and II...

..attenuate the basal and insulin-stimulated activity of the Na+-dependent System A amino acid transporter in rat muscle cells (L6 myotubes) by depletion of the plasma membrane abundance of SNAT2 (a System A isoform)...

..Glucosamine increases flux through the hexosamine pathway, causing insulin resistance and disturbances similar to diabetic glucose toxicity...

..In conclusion, our findings suggest that inhibition of the PTP essentially contributes to the protective effect of melatonin against oxidative stress in myotubes...

..Primary cultures of rat skeletal muscle cells exhibited similar responses to saturated FFA as compared to C2C12 cells...

..Unlike Rab4ΔCT, wild-type Rab4 co-localized with PKC-zeta. Together, these results demonstrate that metformin induces Rab4 expression via AMPK-AS160-PKC-zeta and modulates insulin-mediated GLUT4 translocation...

..These findings implicate C. perfringens TFP in the ability of C. perfringens to adhere to and move along muscle fibers in vivo, which may provide a therapeutic approach to limiting this rapidly spreading and highly lethal infection...

..Altogether our results demonstrate that GTP and EGCg protect muscle cells by scavenging H(2)O(2) and by improving the glutathione balance...

..In face of the large body of work highlighting the relevance for human diseases of the adhesion of muscle cells with their surrounding extracellular matrix, remarkably little is known on how myogenic cells control gene ..

..Overexpression of DUX4 induces cell death, induces caspase 3/7 activity and alters emerin distribution at the nuclear envelope. We propose that DUX4-mediated cell death contributes to the pathogenic pathway in FSHD...

....

..Our data suggest that fukutin and FKRP may be involved at different steps in O-mannosylglycan synthesis of alpha-dystroglycan, and FKRP is most likely involved in the initial step in this synthesis...

..The effect of the micropatterns on A7r5 smooth muscle cells and C2C12 skeletal muscle cells was investigated...

..the chronic effects of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) on fatty acid and glucose metabolism in human skeletal muscle cells. Uptake of [14C]oleate was increased >2-fold after preincubation of myotubes with 0...

Insulin and hypertonicity each increase the content of GLUT4 glucose transporters at the surface of muscle cells. Insulin enhances GLUT4 exocytosis without diminishing its endocytosis...

..We proposed that PGC1alpha enables muscle mitochondria to better cope with a high lipid load, possibly reflecting a fundamental metabolic benefit of exercise training...

..Dual hcAd/AAV hybrid vectors may thus be particularly useful to develop safe treatment modalities for diseases such as DMD that rely on efficient transfer and stable expression of large genes...

..I(Cl,swell) plays a role in arrhythmogenesis, myocardial injury, preconditioning, and apoptosis of myocytes. As a result, I(Cl,swell) potentially is a novel therapeutic target...

..Such mutations generally lead to a complete absence of dystrophin protein in the muscle cells of affected individuals...

..induces glucose transport through translocation of glucose transporters, in an additive manner to insulin, in muscle cells. In this study, we examined the signaling pathway required for a recombinant active neuregulin-1 isoform (..

..insulin receptor substrate (IRS)-1 protein expression without altering the mRNA level in cultured skeletal muscle cells. NO donor increased IRS-1 ubiquitination, and proteasome inhibitors blocked NO donor-induced reduction in IRS-1 ..

....

..Here, we show that terminal proliferation arrest is maintained in skeletal muscle cells by a pRb-independent mechanism...

The aim of this work was to examine the intracellular generation of reactive oxygen species in skeletal muscle cells at rest and during and following a period of contractile activity...

....

....

..capturing and site-specific adduct mapping to identify the targets of S-nitrosylation in human aortic smooth muscle cells upon exposure to S-nitrosocysteine and propylamine propylamine NONOate...

....

....

..Cellular models seem straightforward to set up; however, the proliferative capacity of muscle cells isolated from dystrophic patients is limited, and in addition it is difficult to envisage the use of large ..

..results suggest that Cav-3 is involved in L-type Ca(2+) channel membrane function and localization in skeletal muscle cells and that an alteration of L-type Ca(2+) channels could be involved in the physiopathological mechanisms of ..

..Here, we show that TZD prevents oxidative stress-induced insulin resistance in human skeletal muscle cells, as indicated by the increase in insulin-stimulated glucose uptake and insulin signaling...

..We investigated the influence of oestradiol and selective ER modulators [tamoxifen (TAM), raloxifene (RAL)] on ER coregulator mRNA expression in hSkM...

..Moreover, there is controversy as to the AS160/TBC1D1 target Rabs in fat and muscle cells, and Rab effectors are unknown...

....

..We propose that insulin causes selective, dynamic relocalization of perinuclear GLUT4myc and VAMP2 and perinuclear GLUT4myc redistribution is a direct target of insulin-derived signals...

..Rat skeletal muscle cells were subjected to acute or repeated electrostimulation in the presence and absence of antioxidants...

..Furthermore, we also demonstrated these EGCG effects essentially depended on the AMPK and Akt activation. Together, our data suggested that EGCG inhibited dexamethasone-induced insulin resistance through AMPK and PI3K/Akt pathway...

..whether human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) can serve as donors of recombinant DMD genes for recipient human muscle cells. Here, we show that forced MyoD expression in hMSCs greatly increases their tendency to participate in human ..

....

..current in atrial myocytes, and regulating the resting membrane potential and excitability of smooth muscle cells. Defects in the expression of Kv1...

..the role of Rho GTPases on myofibrillogenesis, we show that transcripts for all Rho GTPases are detected in muscle cells of the embryo...

..The total flux of fatty acids toward esterification may be a much more important factor in the pathophysiology of diabetes...

..These MSCs represent a more ready supply of myogenic cells than do the rare myogenic stem cells normally found in muscle and bone marrow...

..We studied the effect of IGF-I, insulin and testosterone on intracellular Ca2+ in cultured muscle cells. Insulin produced a fast (< 1 s) and transient [Ca2+] increase lasting less than 10 s...

..By 6 d they begin to differentiate without fusing to recipient cardiac cells. Three months later, the tagged cells are visible as striated heart muscle restricted to the region of the cardiac infarct...

..results indicate that recruitment of P-TEFb is a critical step for stimulation of MEF2-dependent transcription, therefore providing a fundamentally important regulatory mechanism underlying the transcriptional program in muscle cells.

..5-fold. Rosiglitazone had no significant effects on basal levels of NF-kappaB-dependent transcription and IL-6 secretion. Thus, cardioprotective effects of rosiglitazone may be partly mediated by NF-kappaB...

..Development of conductive and contractile properties of cardiac constructs was concurrent, with strong dependence on the initiation and duration of electrical stimulation...

....

..We conclude that RTV and IDV reduced myotube formation by reducing calpain activity. Our data suggest that protease inhibitors included in HAART might be directly involved in muscle wasting by reducing muscle remodeling...

..Females show delayed onset and milder abnormalities in metabolic status and cardiomyocyte function, but with a much tighter temporal coupling of these dysfunctions...

..Additionally, Ca2+ appeared to be a strong inhibitor of muscle FBPase...

..Our finding that experimental approaches neutralizing circulating LPS provided cardioprotection suggested that bacterial endotoxin or LPS-like molecules contribute, in part, to burn-related myocardial contractile dysfunction...

..In cultured muscle cells, IGF action is critical both for maintaining viability during the transition from proliferating to ..

..Inhibition of differentiation by NOV was also observed with human primary muscle cells. Further examination of C2-NOV cells revealed a strong downregulation of the myogenic determination genes MyoD ..

....

....

..Our data suggest that inhibition of MSC suppresses myogenic differentiation by inhibiting the caspase-3 activity and the expression of myogenic regulatory factors...

..In conclusion, our study identifies induction of GDF-15 in the heart as a novel defense mechanism that protects from I/R injury...

..Our experiments provide a proof-of-principle that engineered tissue constructs can function as an electrical conduit and, ultimately, may offer a substitute treatment to conventional pacing therapy...

..Our results suggest that emerin deficiency causes minimal motor and cardiac dysfunctions in mice with a structural fragility of myonuclei...

..3 channel mRNA by activating NADPH oxidase. These results link long-term control of cardiac K+ channel gene expression to a physiological reactive oxygen species signaling pathway...

..These findings identify myocardin as a nuclear effector of hypertrophic signaling pathways that couples stress signals to a transcriptional program for postnatal cardiac growth and remodeling...

..This study should guide the interpretation of SHG contrast in images of cardiac and skeletal muscle tissue for a variety of biomedical applications...

....

..Our results therefore provide strong genetic evidence that class I(A) PI3Ks are critical regulators for the developmental growth and physiological hypertrophy of the heart...

..for the basal functioning of skeletal muscle, its influence on the gene expression program of skeletal muscle cells was highlighted...

..Collectively, these data identify MEF2D as a primary target of PKA signaling in myoblasts that leads to inhibition of the skeletal muscle differentiation program...

..Our data are consistent with the concept that the activity of these enzymes (possibly by ATP formation in the immediate intracellular microenvironment of this macromolecular K(ATP) channel complex) causes channel closure...

..These results contribute to a quantitative characterization of the Na+-Mg2+ exchange in cardiac myocytes...

..These findings indicate that MDSCs constitute an alternative to other myogenic cells for use in cardiac repair applications...

..These data suggest that hypokalemia may produce phenotypic alterations consistent with cardiac hypertrophy as well as potentiate the cardiovascular effects of cardiotonic steroids...

..Especially, myoblasts enhanced differentiation of fibroblasts into myofibroblasts, contributing to rapid thrombus organization. Cell transplantation into unorganized spaces seems applicable to endovascular treatment of aneurysms...

..These data demonstrate that, in stressed cardiac myocytes, depletion of cellular NAD levels forms a link between PARP activation and reduced Sir2alpha deacetylase activity, contributing to myocyte cell death during heart failure...

..8 +/- 0.5% of muscle and 25.2 +/- 11.7% of non-muscle cells are labeled, in 14 day-old culture--2.5 +/- 0.5 and 8.1 +/- 1.7% of cells are labeled, respectively...

Skeletal muscle cells are continuously exposed to oxidative stress...

..These results suggest that the regulation of cardiac beta(1)AR transcription and the expression of c-myc are tightly integrated...

..The biochemical mechanism may be a reduction of the availability of energy of the cardiac cytocyte in the form of ATP, resulting in a decrease of contractility by lacking of energy...

..These studies indicate that increased exposure of embryonic hearts to PDGF-AA or -BB increases the rate of myocardial development...

..abstract_text> ..

In striated muscle cells, the transverse tubular (TT) invagination of plasma membrane contacts the terminal cisternae of sarcoplasmic reticulum (S...

The ryanodine receptor (RyR) is an essential component of excitation- contraction (E-C) coupling in striated muscle cells, whereby a depolarization across the transverse tubule (TT) membrane leads to rapid release of Ca from the ..

..Knowledge on the molecular interactions between apoptosis mediators and cytosolic factors that control SOCE will enable us to establish therapeutic agents that target Ca signaling in cancer and degenerative diseases. ..

..Thus, the proposed research will improve the understanding of the mechanism of insulin resistance and imcTG abnormalities in the obese rat that will benefit investigation of human obesity. ..

..project is to understand the cellular and molecular function of these novel JP genes in the Ca signaling of muscle cells, specifically to test the hypothesis that JP plays important roles in the ultrastructural arrangement of the ..

..Fulfillment of the experiments proposed in this project should provide further insights into the function and regulation of the CFTR Cl- channel, as well as the potential therapeutic interventiosn in cystic fibrosis. ..

..long term goal of this project is to understand the cellular and molecular function of MG29 in E-C coupling of muscle cells, specifically to test the hypothesis that MG29 is a key protein involved in the biogenesis of the T-tubule ..

..Our long term goal of this project is to understand the cellular and molecular mechanism of Ca signaling in apoptosis, and to provide alternative interventions in the therapy of prostate cancer. ..

Ca sparks are the elementary units of Ca-induced Ca release (CICR) in striated muscle cells revealed as localized Ca release events from sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) by confocal microscopy...

..Knowledge on the molecular interactions between apoptosis mediators and cytosolic factors that control SOCE will enable us to establish therapeutic agents that target Ca signaling in cancer and degenerative diseases. ..

..For efficient operation of excitation-contraction coupling in muscle cells, or excitation-secretion coupling in non-muscle cells, counter ion movement across the SR or ER membrane must ..

Ca sparks are the elementary units of Ca-induced Ca release (CICR) in striated muscle cells revealed as localized Ca release events from sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) by confocal microscopy...

In striated muscle cells, the transverse tubular (TT) invagination of plasma membrane contacts the terminal cisternae of sarcoplasmic reticulum (S...

..In addition, the studies may lead to engineering of CFTR channels with higher activity, which will be useful for high efficiency gene therapy for CF. ..

..The results from the experiments will be used to examine the mechanism and structural requirements in the ethanol-mediated modulation of the GABAA receptor function. ..

..It will provide much improved capability in evaluating the extent and characterization of breast cancers for staging purposes that have been found useful in the surgical management of breast cancer. ..

....

..The ERSR has gone virtually unstudied in the heart; accordingly, the proposed studies are novel and will enhance our understanding of the ERSR and the roles played by ATF6 alpha and beta in the stressed myocardium. ..

..These studies will employ genetically engineered mouse models to understand if loss of Sarcolipin protein has an effect on cardiac function. ..

Long-term Objective: Our long-term objective is to elucidate biochemical reactions in heart muscle cells that protect them from damaging stresses, such as deprivation of oxygen and nutrients...

..This study will examine how food intake and energy expenditure can be modified by sleep duration as a means of understanding a potential causal pathway. ..

..This could lead to new therapeutic approaches to this difficult clinical problem that affects a growing aged patient population. ..

..The long-term goal of this proposal is the delineation of the mechanisms of P-dependent growth regulation in the adult normal mammary gland that may lead to novel strategies for the prevention and treatment of breast cancer. ..

Voltage-gated K+ (Kv) currents in native vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) are inhibited by an increase in cytosolic free Ca2+, secondary to intracellular Ca 2+ release or extracellular Ca2+ influx...

Long-term Objective: Our long-term objective is to elucidate biochemical reactions in heart muscle cells that protect them from damaging stresses, such as deprivation of oxygen and nutrients...

..abstract_text> ..

....

..Results of this study will help create the foundation for the study of integrative responses to foods at the whole brain level in humans and will set the stage for a series of innovative experimental paradigms. ..

..In the Phase II work, Arete Therapeutics will use the collected information to progress toward clinical trials in the area of stroke and possible new therapeutic avenues. ..

....

..The long term goal of these studies is to elucidate the biological basis of hormone independence and provide a rationale for treatment of hormone independent human mammary cancer...