hypergravity

Summary

Summary: Condition wherein the force of gravity is greater than or is increased above that on the surface of the earth. This is expressed as being greater than 1 g.

Top Publications

  1. Rosner H, Wassermann T, Moller W, Hanke W. Effects of altered gravity on the actin and microtubule cytoskeleton of human SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells. Protoplasma. 2006;229:225-34 pubmed
    ..similar enhancement of the spontaneous and evoked lamellar protrusive activity when the cells were kept at 2 g hypergravity for at least 6 min...
  2. Wubbels R, Van Marle J, Sondag H, de Jong H. Effects of hypergravity on the morphological properties of the vestibular sensory epithelium. II. Life-long exposure of rats including embryogenesis. Brain Res Bull. 2002;58:575-80 pubmed
    Rats were exposed to a hypergravity (HG) level of 2.5 x g from conception until the age of 14 weeks. The vestibular epithelia of four of these animals and four control animals were immunohistochemically labeled for actin and tubulin...
  3. Francia N, Simeoni M, Petruzzi S, Santucci D, Aloe L, Alleva E. Repeated acute exposures to hypergravity during early development subtly affect CD-1 mouse neurobehavioural profile. Brain Res Bull. 2006;69:560-72 pubmed
    ..This study evaluated the effects of hypergravity exposure on the development of the nervous system and assessed the relevance of parity in the mother's ..
  4. Yang Y, Baker M, Graf S, Larson J, Caiozzo V. Hypergravity resistance exercise: the use of artificial gravity as potential countermeasure to microgravity. J Appl Physiol (1985). 2007;103:1879-87 pubmed
    The aims of this study were to 1) determine if hypergravity (HG) squats can produce foot forces similar to those measured during 10-repetition maximum (10RM) squats using weights under normal 1-G(z) condition, and 2) compare the ..
  5. Sumanasekera W, Zhao L, Ivanova M, Morgan D, Noisin E, Keynton R, et al. Effect of estradiol and dihydrotestosterone on hypergravity-induced MAPK signaling and occludin expression in human umbilical vein endothelial cells. Cell Tissue Res. 2006;324:243-53 pubmed
    ..E(2)) and dihydrotesterone (DHT) alter human umbilical vein ECs (HUVECs) responses to short term (10 min) hypergravity (1-3 g) mimicking the g force experienced by astronauts during liftoff...
  6. Gaboyard S, Sans A, Lehouelleur J. Differential impact of hypergravity on maturating innervation in vestibular epithelia during rat development. Brain Res Dev Brain Res. 2003;143:15-23 pubmed
    ..In this study, 3 days after mating, pregnant females were submitted to hypergravity, 2 g (HG). Their embryos were raised, born and postnatally developed under HG...
  7. van Loon J, van Laar M, Korterik J, Segerink F, Wubbels R, de Jong H, et al. An atomic force microscope operating at hypergravity for in situ measurement of cellular mechano-response. J Microsc. 2009;233:234-43 pubmed publisher
    ..operational in liquid at variable gravity, dedicated to image cell shape changes of cells in vitro under hypergravity conditions. The hypergravity AFM is realized by mounting a stand-alone AFM into a large-diameter centrifuge...
  8. Musgrave M, Kuang A, Allen J, van Loon J. Hypergravity prevents seed production in Arabidopsis by disrupting pollen tube growth. Planta. 2009;230:863-70 pubmed publisher
    ..Pollen viability and stigma esterase activity were not compromised by hypergravity; however, the growth of pollen tubes into the stigmas was curtailed at 4-g...
  9. Mitani K, Horii A, Kubo T. Impaired spatial learning after hypergravity exposure in rats. Brain Res Cogn Brain Res. 2004;22:94-100 pubmed
    ..to elucidate the role of constant gravity in spatial learning using a radial arm maze test on rats housed in a hypergravity environment (HG) produced by a centrifuge device...

More Information

Publications62

  1. Bouet V, Borel L, Harlay F, Gahery Y, Lacour M. Kinematics of treadmill locomotion in rats conceived, born, and reared in a hypergravity field (2 g). Adaptation to 1 g. Behav Brain Res. 2004;150:207-16 pubmed
    The kinematics of treadmill locomotion in rats conceived, born, and raised in a hypergravity environment (HG: 2g) until the age of 3 months was investigated for 5 weeks after their exposition to earth's gravity...
  2. Arai T, Limper U, Gauger P, Beck L. Pulse contour methods to estimate cardiovascular indices in micro- and hypergravity. Aviat Space Environ Med. 2013;84:1178-85 pubmed
    ..The corrected impedance method achieved low estimation errors for a wide range of the gravity levels. Gravity-dependent performance was observed in the mean arterial pressure method that achieved low errors in the short-term 0 G. ..
  3. Searby N, Steele C, Globus R. Influence of increased mechanical loading by hypergravity on the microtubule cytoskeleton and prostaglandin E2 release in primary osteoblasts. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol. 2005;289:C148-58 pubmed
    ..We hypothesized that bone-forming osteoblasts are sensitive to increased mechanical loading by hypergravity. A centrifuge suitable for cell culture was developed and validated, and then primary cultures of fetal rat ..
  4. Morita S, Nakamura H, Kumei Y, Shimokawa H, Ohya K, Shinomiya K. Hypergravity stimulates osteoblast phenotype expression: a therapeutic hint for disuse bone atrophy. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2004;1030:158-61 pubmed
    ..We investigated the possibility that the appropriate level of hypergravity could improve osteoblast functions that are susceptible to mechanical unloading...
  5. Bruce L. Adaptations of the vestibular system to short and long-term exposures to altered gravity. Adv Space Res. 2003;32:1533-9 pubmed publisher
    ..This paper describes the effects of hypergravity on axonal growth and dendritic morphology, respectively...
  6. Feng S, Wang Q, Wang H, Peng Y, Wang L, Lu Y, et al. Electroacupuncture pretreatment ameliorates hypergravity-induced impairment of learning and memory and apoptosis of hippocampal neurons in rats. Neurosci Lett. 2010;478:150-5 pubmed publisher
    ..These findings indicate that EA pretreatment provides a novel method to prevent the cognitive damage caused by +Gz, which could significantly protect neuronal damage and impairment of learning and memory. ..
  7. Soga K, Wakabayashi K, Kamisaka S, Hoson T. Graviperception in growth inhibition of plant shoots under hypergravity conditions produced by centrifugation is independent of that in gravitropism and may involve mechanoreceptors. Planta. 2004;218:1054-61 pubmed
    b>Hypergravity caused by centrifugation inhibits elongation growth of shoots by decreasing the cell wall extensibility via suppression of xyloglucan breakdown as well as by the thickening of cell walls...
  8. Abe C, Tanaka K, Iwata C, Morita H. Vestibular-mediated increase in central serotonin plays an important role in hypergravity-induced hypophagia in rats. J Appl Physiol (1985). 2010;109:1635-43 pubmed publisher
    Exposure to a hypergravity environment induces acute transient hypophagia, which is partially restored by a vestibular lesion (VL), suggesting that the vestibular system is involved in the afferent pathway of hypergravity-induced ..
  9. Albi E, Curcio F, Spelat R, Lazzarini A, Lazzarini R, Cataldi S, et al. Loss of parafollicular cells during gravitational changes (microgravity, hypergravity) and the secret effect of pleiotrophin. PLoS ONE. 2012;7:e48518 pubmed publisher
    ..first animal experiment of long stay in International Space Station (91 days) and three similar mice exposed to hypergravity (2Gs) conditions...
  10. Bouet V, Gahery Y, Lacour M. Behavioural changes induced by early and long-term gravito-inertial force modification in the rat. Behav Brain Res. 2003;139:97-104 pubmed
    The study concerns rats conceived, born and raised in a hypergravity environment (HG: 2 g) for 3 months using a centrifuge...
  11. Chabbert C, Brugeaud A, Lennan G, Lehouelleur J, Sans A. Electrophysiological properties of the utricular primary transducer are modified during development under hypergravity. Eur J Neurosci. 2003;17:2497-500 pubmed
    ..These results indicate that the electrophysiological properties of a primary transducer such as utricle may be modified by variation of the primary stimulus during development. ..
  12. Ciofani G, Ricotti L, Rigosa J, Menciassi A, Mattoli V, Monici M. Hypergravity effects on myoblast proliferation and differentiation. J Biosci Bioeng. 2012;113:258-61 pubmed publisher
    ..C2C12 cells underwent stimulations by different hypergravity intensities (2 h at 5 g, 10 g, and 20 g) in the Large Diameter Centrifuge of the European Space Agency (ESA), ..
  13. Morita H, Abe C, Awazu C, Tanaka K. Long-term hypergravity induces plastic alterations in vestibulo-cardiovascular reflex in conscious rats. Neurosci Lett. 2007;412:201-5 pubmed
    ..8. In the 1-G group, the AP increased by 11.9+/-1.2 mmHg during the pull-up hypergravity period. The AP response was significantly attenuated in the 3-G group (4.0+/-0.8 mmHg)...
  14. Lintault L, Zakrzewska E, Maple R, Baer L, Casey T, Ronca A, et al. In a hypergravity environment neonatal survival is adversely affected by alterations in dam tissue metabolism rather than reduced food intake. J Appl Physiol (1985). 2007;102:2186-93 pubmed
    Exposure of rat dams to hypergravity during pregnancy is associated with increased pup mortality, reduced food intake, and decreased rates of glucose oxidation and lipogenesis in mammary tissue...
  15. Tamaoki D, Karahara I, Schreiber L, Wakasugi T, Yamada K, Kamisaka S. Effects of hypergravity conditions on elongation growth and lignin formation in the inflorescence stem of Arabidopsis thaliana. J Plant Res. 2006;119:79-84 pubmed
    The effects of hypergravity on elongation growth and lignin deposition in secondary cell walls of the Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) Heynh...
  16. Koyama T, Kimura C, Hayashi M, Watanabe M, Karashima Y, Oike M. Hypergravity induces ATP release and actin reorganization via tyrosine phosphorylation and RhoA activation in bovine endothelial cells. Pflugers Arch. 2009;457:711-9 pubmed publisher
    ..We examined, in this study, the effects of hypergravity on endothelial functions...
  17. Oshima M, Oshima H, Taketo M. Hypergravity induces expression of cyclooxygenase-2 in the heart vessels. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2005;330:928-33 pubmed
    ..To investigate whether COX-2 is induced by gravitational loading in other tissues than bone, we exposed mice to hypergravity at 2G and 3G for 4 h. We demonstrate here that COX-2 is induced in the mouse heart vessels by hypergravity...
  18. Plaut K, Maple R, Wade C, Baer L, Ronca A. Effects of hypergravity on mammary metabolic function: gravity acts as a continuum. J Appl Physiol (1985). 2003;95:2350-4 pubmed
    ..To determine whether changes in mammary metabolism are related to gravity load, we exposed pregnant rats to hypergravity and measured mammary metabolic activity. From days 11-20 of gestation (G), animals were centrifuged (20 rpm; 1...
  19. Ling S, Wang R, Dai Z, Nie J, Wang H, Tan Y, et al. Pretreatment of rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells with a combination of hypergravity and 5-azacytidine enhances therapeutic efficacy for myocardial infarction. Biotechnol Prog. 2011;27:473-82 pubmed publisher
    ..Our previous results suggested that hypergravity promoted the cardiomyogenic differentiation of BMSCs, and thus we postulated that ex vivo pretreatment of BMSCs ..
  20. Wakabayashi K, Soga K, Kamisaka S, Hoson T. Modification of cell wall architecture of wheat coleoptiles grown under hypergravity conditions. Biol Sci Space. 2003;17:228-9 pubmed
    Cell wall structure of wheat coleoptiles grown under continuous hypergravity (300 g) conditions was investigated. Length of coleoptiles exposed to hypergravity for 2-4 days from germination stage was 60-70% of that of 1 g control...
  21. Le Bourg E, Fournier D. Is lifespan extension accompanied by improved antioxidant defences? A study of superoxide dismutase and catalase in Drosophila melanogaster flies that lived in hypergravity at a young age. Biogerontology. 2004;5:261-6 pubmed
    It has been previously shown that exposing Drosophila melanogaster flies to hypergravity (3g or 5g) at a young age for 2 weeks increases male longevity, resistance to heat in both sexes, and delays behavioural ageing, but the causes of ..
  22. Yoshioka R, Soga K, Wakabayashi K, Takeba G, Hoson T. Hypergravity-induced changes in gene expression in Arabidopsis hypocotyls. Adv Space Res. 2003;31:2187-93 pubmed
    Under hypergravity conditions, the cell wall of stem organs becomes mechanically rigid and elongation growth is suppressed, which can be recognized as the mechanism for plants to resist gravitational force...
  23. Soga K, Wakabayashi K, Kamisaka S, Hoson T. Growth restoration in azuki bean and maize seedlings by removal of hypergravity stimuli. Adv Space Res. 2003;31:2269-74 pubmed
    b>Hypergravity stimuli, gravitational acceleration of more than 1 x g, decrease the growth rate of azuki bean epicotyls and maize coleoptiles and mesocotyls by decreasing the cell wall extensibility via an increase in the molecular mass of ..
  24. Dai K, Wang Y, Yan R, Shi Q, Wang Z, Yuan Y, et al. Effects of microgravity and hypergravity on platelet functions. Thromb Haemost. 2009;101:902-10 pubmed
    ..and haemorrhagic diseases or fatalities have been documented in human being exposed to microgravity or hypergravity environments, such as crewmen in space, roller coaster riders, and aircrew subjected to high-G training...
  25. Prodanov L, van Loon J, Te Riet J, Jansen J, Walboomers X. Substrate nanotexture and hypergravity through centrifugation enhance initial osteoblastogenesis. Tissue Eng Part A. 2013;19:114-24 pubmed publisher
    ..In conclusion, biomaterial surface modification as well as centrifugation are effective means to enhance bone cell behavior, moreover, readily available to many tissue engineers. ..
  26. Nakabayashi I, Karahara I, Tamaoki D, Masuda K, Wakasugi T, Yamada K, et al. Hypergravity stimulus enhances primary xylem development and decreases mechanical properties of secondary cell walls in inflorescence stems of Arabidopsis thaliana. Ann Bot. 2006;97:1083-90 pubmed
    ..The aim of this study was to examine effects of hypergravity stimulus on morphology and development of primary xylem vessels and on mechanical properties of isolated ..
  27. Guevorkian K, Valles J. Swimming Paramecium in magnetically simulated enhanced, reduced, and inverted gravity environments. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006;103:13051-6 pubmed
    ..unique in its capability to enhance, reduce, and even invert the effective buoyancy of cells and thus simulate hypergravity, hypogravity, and inverted gravity environments...
  28. Soga K, Wakabayashi K, Kamisaka S, Hoson T. Hypergravity induces reorientation of cortical microtubules and modifies growth anisotropy in azuki bean epicotyls. Planta. 2006;224:1485-94 pubmed
    We examined the changes in the orientation of cortical microtubules during the hypergravity-induced modification of growth anisotropy (inhibition of elongation growth and promotion of lateral growth) in azuki bean (Vigna angularis Ohwi et ..
  29. Galimberti M, Tolić Nørrelykke I, Favillini R, Mercatelli R, Annunziato F, Cosmi L, et al. Hypergravity speeds up the development of T-lymphocyte motility. Eur Biophys J. 2006;35:393-400 pubmed
    ..On the other hand, the effect of hypergravity on lymphocyte motility has not been explored...
  30. Holley D, DeRoshia C, Moran M, Wade C. Chronic centrifugation (hypergravity) disrupts the circadian system of the rat. J Appl Physiol (1985). 2003;95:1266-78 pubmed
    ..the response of rat deep body temperature (DBT) and gross locomotor activity (LMA) circadian rhythms to acute hypergravity onset and adaptation to chronic (14 day) hypergravity exposure over three gravity intensities (1.25, 1...
  31. Kacena M, Todd P, Gerstenfeld L, Landis W. Experiments with osteoblasts cultured under hypergravity conditions. Microgravity Sci Technol. 2004;15:28-34 pubmed
    To understand further the role of gravity in osteoblast attachment, osteoblasts were subjected to hypergravity conditions in vitro...
  32. Ma X, Wehland M, Aleshcheva G, Hauslage J, Waßer K, Hemmersbach R, et al. Interleukin-6 expression under gravitational stress due to vibration and hypergravity in follicular thyroid cancer cells. PLoS ONE. 2013;8:e68140 pubmed publisher
    ..Parabolic flights and spaceflight in general are accompanied by transient hypergravity and vibration, which may impact the cells and therefore, have to be considered too...
  33. Albi E, Curcio F, Spelat R, Lazzarini A, Lazzarini R, Loreti E, et al. Observing the mouse thyroid sphingomyelin under space conditions: a case study from the MDS mission in comparison with hypergravity conditions. Astrobiology. 2012;12:1035-41 pubmed publisher
    ..an increase in the average follicle size compared to that of three control animals and three animals exposed to hypergravity (2g) conditions...
  34. Le Bourg E, Valenti P, Payre F. Lack of hypergravity-associated longevity extension in Drosophila melanogaster flies overexpressing hsp70. Biogerontology. 2002;3:355-64 pubmed
    Previous studies have shown that Drosophila melanogaster males live longer if exposed to hypergravity at young age...
  35. Oshima M, Suzuki H, Guo X, Oshima H. Increased level of serum vascular endothelial growth factor by long-term exposure to hypergravity. Exp Anim. 2007;56:309-13 pubmed
    We have previously demonstrated that short-term exposure to hypergravity at 2G for 4 h induces expression of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) in the mouse heart...
  36. Soga K, Wakabayashi K, Kamisaka S, Hoson T. Mechanoreceptors rather than sedimentable amyloplasts perceive the gravity signal in hypergravity-induced inhibition of root growth in azuki bean. Funct Plant Biol. 2005;32:175-9 pubmed
    Elongation of primary roots of azuki bean (Vigna angularis Ohwi et Ohashi) was suppressed under hypergravity conditions produced by centrifugation, such that the growth rate decreased in proportion to the logarithm of the magnitude of the ..
  37. Sun X, Xu Z, Zhang S, Cao X, Liu T. Simulated weightlessness aggravates hypergravity-induced impairment of learning and memory and neuronal apoptosis in rats. Behav Brain Res. 2009;199:197-202 pubmed publisher
    ..However, the effect of a combination of hypergravity and weightlessness on cognitive functions is not well understood...
  38. Guéguinou N, Bojados M, Jamon M, Derradji H, Baatout S, Tschirhart E, et al. Stress response and humoral immune system alterations related to chronic hypergravity in mice. Psychoneuroendocrinology. 2012;37:137-47 pubmed publisher
    ..The aim of this study was to investigate the consequences of a long-term exposure to different levels of hypergravity on the stress response and the humoral immunity in a mouse model...
  39. Nakagawa A, Uno A, Horii A, Kitahara T, Kawamoto M, Uno Y, et al. Fos induction in the amygdala by vestibular information during hypergravity stimulation. Brain Res. 2003;986:114-23 pubmed
    Altered gravity environments including both hypo- and hypergravity can elicit motion sickness. Vestibular information is known to be essential for motion sickness, but its other neural substrates are poorly understood...
  40. Pecaut M, Miller G, Nelson G, Gridley D. Hypergravity-induced immunomodulation in a rodent model: hematological and lymphocyte function analyses. J Appl Physiol (1985). 2004;97:29-38 pubmed
    The major purpose of this study was to quantify hypergravity-induced changes in erythrocyte and thrombocyte characteristics, spontaneous and mitogen-induced lymphoblastogenesis, and capacity of splenocytes to secrete immunoregulatory ..
  41. Wang F, Gao C, Yang C, Xu P. Optimization of an ethanol production medium in very high gravity fermentation. Biotechnol Lett. 2007;29:233-6 pubmed
    ..Concentrations of Mg(2+) and peptone were identified as the critical factors: 50 mM Mg(2+) and 1.5% (w/v) peptone in the medium increased the final ethanol titre from 14.2% (v/v) to 17% (v/v) in 48 h. ..
  42. Del Signore A, Mandillo S, Rizzo A, Di Mauro E, Mele A, Negri R, et al. Hippocampal gene expression is modulated by hypergravity. Eur J Neurosci. 2004;19:667-77 pubmed
    We used the cDNA microarray technique to monitor simultaneously possible changes induced by hypergravity in the expression level of thousands of hippocampal genes...
  43. Abe C, Tanaka K, Awazu C, Morita H. Galvanic vestibular stimulation counteracts hypergravity-induced plastic alteration of vestibulo-cardiovascular reflex in rats. J Appl Physiol (1985). 2009;107:1089-94 pubmed publisher
    Recent data from our laboratory demonstrated that, when rats are raised in a hypergravity environment, the sensitivity of the vestibulo-cardiovascular reflex decreases...
  44. Ishizawa M, Iwasaki K, Kato S, Makishima M. Hypergravity modulates vitamin D receptor target gene mRNA expression in mice. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab. 2009;297:E728-34 pubmed publisher
    ..Because vitamin D plays an important role in calcium homeostasis, we evaluated the effects of hypergravity on the expression of genes involved in vitamin D and calcium metabolism in ICR mice...
  45. Nooij S, Bos J, Groen E. Velocity storage activity is affected after sustained centrifugation: a relationship with spatial disorientation. Exp Brain Res. 2008;190:165-77 pubmed publisher
    Prolonged exposure to hypergravity in a human centrifuge can lead to post-rotary spatial disorientation and motion sickness. These symptoms are mainly provoked by tilting head movements and resemble the Space Adaptation Syndrome...
  46. Sumanasekera W, Sumanasekera G, Mattingly K, Dougherty S, Keynton R, Klinge C. Estradiol and dihydrotestosterone regulate endothelial cell barrier function after hypergravity-induced alterations in MAPK activity. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol. 2007;293:C566-73 pubmed
    ..function, and MAPK activation over time was tested after subjecting human umbilical vein EC (HUVEC) to brief hypergravity identical to that experienced by astronauts during liftoff (LO) into space...
  47. Brugeaud A, Gaboyard Niay S, Puel J, Chabbert C. Hypergravity affects the developmental expression of voltage-gated sodium current in utricular hair cells. Neuroreport. 2006;17:1697-701 pubmed
    ..a voltage-gated sodium current (INa) transiently expressed in neonatal utricular hair cells in rats raised in hypergravity. Its electrophysiological properties did not differ significantly from those recorded from rats raised in ..
  48. Francia N, Santucci D, Chiarotti F, Alleva E. Cognitive and emotional alterations in periadolescent mice exposed to 2 g hypergravity field. Physiol Behav. 2004;83:383-94 pubmed
    ..as well as spatial learning performance (Morris water-maze), were assessed respectively 24 and 48 h after hypergravity exposure...
  49. Sajdel Sulkowska E, Xu M, Koibuchi N. Cerebellar brain-derived neurotrophic factor, nerve growth factor, and neurotrophin-3 expression in male and female rats is differentially affected by hypergravity exposure during discrete developmental periods. Cerebellum. 2009;8:454-62 pubmed publisher
    We previously reported that the effects of perinatal exposure to hypergravity on cerebellum and motor functions in rat neonates are strongly dependent on the specific developmental period of exposure...
  50. Iwase S. Effectiveness of centrifuge-induced artificial gravity with ergometric exercise as a countermeasure during simulated microgravity exposure in humans. Acta Astronaut. 2005;57:75-80 pubmed
  51. Mandillo S, Del Signore A, Paggi P, Francia N, Santucci D, Mele A, et al. Effects of acute and repeated daily exposure to hypergravity on spatial learning in mice. Neurosci Lett. 2003;336:147-50 pubmed
    ..The objective of this study was to test whether mice exposed to hypergravity using a centrifuge apparatus showed learning impairments in a spatial learning task...
  52. Rohdin M, Linnarsson D. Differential changes of lung diffusing capacity and tissue volume in hypergravity. J Appl Physiol (1985). 2002;93:931-5 pubmed
    ..Accordingly, DL(CO) and LTV might be expected to decrease together in sitting subjects in hypergravity due to peripheral pooling of blood and reduced central blood volume...
  53. Aloe L, Fiore M, Santucci D, Amendola T, Antonelli A, Francia N, et al. Effect of hypergravity on the mouse basal expression of NGF and BDNF in the retina, visual cortex and geniculate nucleus: correlative aspects with NPY immunoreactivity. Neurosci Lett. 2001;302:29-32 pubmed
    ..We also found a decrease in NGF, BDNF, and NPY in the mouse retina exposed to hypergravity. These findings suggest that alteration in gravitational environment differentially affects local neurotrophic ..