vulnerable populations

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..The community service setting represents a promising access point for engaging disadvantaged smokers for cessation and further research exploring the effectiveness of support delivered in this setting is clearly warranted...

..Few studies targeted individuals outside of the health-care and social services sectors. Given the growing disparities in health and health-care access, understanding the way in which interventions can remedy disparities is crucial...

..Smoking is a main contributor to health inequalities. Identifying strategies to find and support smokers from disadvantaged groups is, therefore, of key importance...

Using the concept of vulnerable populations, we examine how disparities in health may be exacerbated by population-approach interventions...

..We outline potential issues to consider in identifying and providing appropriate services for selected vulnerable populations within tribal communities...

The consequences of pandemic influenza for vulnerable populations will depend partly on the effectiveness of health risk communications...

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..We aimed to determine the relationship between the quality of primary care, as judged by the total QOF score, social deprivation and practice characteristics...

..This is at least four times current funding and should be a priority topic for donor and national government resource allocation decisions this year...

..In view of the differential vulnerabilities across slums, an urban child health program should build context appropriate and community-need-responsive approaches to improve children's health in the slums...

..This approach is applied to the Community-Based Care for Orphans and Vulnerable Children (CBCO) Program implemented by BIDII (a Kenyan NGO) in Eastern Province of Kenya...

..These data suggest that current clinical practices could be improved with the use of appropriate tools and procedures to screen and diagnose mental health disorders in populations with HIV/AIDS...

..Indeed these results were used to support the work of a progressive diabetes clinic to guide management and intervention strategies...

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Influenza is a highly contagious respiratory disease associated with substantial morbidity and mortality in vulnerable populations, especially the elderly...

..The purpose of this study was to explore the barriers faced by women living in deprived circumstances if they want to give up smoking and to determine what help they would like at general practice level...

..Crucially, the influences on smoking described by respondents in this study were closely related to circumstances of socio-economic deprivation...

Members of vulnerable populations are underrepresented in research studies.

..This article reviews three types of tobacco policies--tax and price, smoking location restrictions and sales restrictions--and examines the consequences for Aboriginal people, youth and low-income people...

..We analyzed how ease of geographic access to emergency departments (EDs), defined as driving time to the closest ED, changed between 2001 and 2005, and whether access deterioration was more likely to occur in vulnerable communities...

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We applied the Gelberg-Andersen Behavioral Model for Vulnerable Populations to predict health services utilization (HSU) in 875 homeless US women...

The AMIA 2003 Spring Congress entitled "Bridging the Digital Divide: Informatics and Vulnerable Populations" convened 178 experts including medical informaticians, health care professionals, government leaders, policy makers, ..

..The study concluded that prenatal exposure to ETS in the home has a negative impact on 2-year cognitive development, and this effect is exacerbated under conditions of material hardship in this urban minority sample...

..In a situation where migrants do not have established economic or social support, the loss of resources or self-esteem could have a disproportionate negative effect on their health...

..Careful documentation of methodology and active involvement of the minorities themselves can increase trust between the investigators and the research subjects, which can in turn improve research on minority health...

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..This article reports the findings from a study that estimated the number of problematic and injecting drug users for all Drug Action Teams (DATs) in England for 2001...

This article describes the application of the vulnerable populations conceptual model to rural health. Vulnerable populations are social groups who have an increased susceptibility to adverse health outcomes...

..These issues should be carefully considered when including such patients in research protocols. Special efforts should be made to ensure voluntary participation and understanding of the purposes and risks of participation...

..g., the wealthiest, the most powerful racial/ethnic group-and all others, not only between the best- and worst-off groups. Pursuing health equity means pursuing the elimination of such health disparities/inequalities...

..We examined whether the influence of neighborhood-level socioeconomic status (SES) on mortality differed by individual-level SES...

..Most studies have examined the independent effects of these risk factors for poor access, but more practical models are needed to account for the clustering of multiple risks...

..This phenomenon, termed the "inverse care law," has implications for healthcare and outcomes for vulnerable populations including low-income persons, racial and ethnic minorities, and the uninsured among others...

..Given the overlap in viral illness and comorbidities, optimal models of integrated care need to be developed for populations with HIV, HCV, and HIV/HCV co-infection and who need substance abuse treatment or mental healthcare...

..When not counterbalanced by resources, stressors may lead to heightened vulnerability to environmental hazards...

..Participants from developing countries may have little or non alternative means of treatment other than that offered through clinical trials. Therefore, the provision of a valid informed consent is important...

..Potential explanations include the type of occupations available to Latinos and Asians, reforms in immigration laws, length of time in the United States, and regional differences in safety-net coverage. Policy implications are discussed...

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..Recommendations for improving the accessibility of health and social care services are proposed, which may assist in promoting more equitable services for carers from the Bangladeshi community...

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..Once patients gained access to HAART, health insurance status made little difference in clinical outcomes...

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..Thus, a meta-intervention was designed to increase participation by an audience of infrequent condom users in Florida...

..Despite the recent declines in rates of teenage pregnancy, relatively little is known about the few programs that have been successful in reducing adolescent pregnancy...

..We conclude that Super Profiles are probably unsuitable as measures of deprivation of small areas...

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..Poverty is a pitiless backdrop to the AIDS epidemic and needs to be at the heart of strategies to address the needs of all vulnerable children in hard-hit communities...

..The goal of this study is to estimate coverage of maternal health services prior to this project and associations between exposure to human rights violations and access to such services...

..Depending on the particular community, consent and consultation, consultation alone, or no added protections may be required for research...

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..There are 245 California health center sites that provide dental care. This article reviews the framework for patient care at the California community health center dental clinic...

..of causation underlying the worldwide epidemic of obesity and diabetes can refocus the work of clinicians and researchers to work at multiple levels to address prevention and treatment for these conditions among vulnerable populations.

..However, vulnerability has received little specific attention in the risk assessment literature...

..The paper concludes that in order to facilitate and sustain smoking cessation, tobacco control interventions need to tackle both nicotine addiction and the material circumstances experienced by disadvantaged smokers...

..Predicted substantial expanded increases in orphanhood could hamper efforts to slow the acquisition of HIV infection in successive generations of young adults, perpetuating the vicious cycle of poverty and disease...

..The implications of these data for community-based program approaches are discussed...

..the health care disciplines have failed to conduct or disseminate culturally competent interventions among vulnerable populations, it is important to note that nursing has long been engaged in such activities...

..We aimed to survey pubs and bars across the North West of England to assess smoking policies and the proportion and variations by deprivation level of venues preparing and serving food...

..Recommendations for clinical practice and research are offered specifically to address medically underserved and vulnerable populations.

..Of particular importance was the endorsement of the idea that research using EFIC is as important in vulnerable populations as in the general population and that the systematic exclusion of vulnerable populations from ..

..These well-meaning professionals may limit subject participation in a study involving vulnerable populations under the guise of protecting these individuals from harm...

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..Stabilizing the federal tax base and recognizing the phenomenal amount of federal, state, and local funding that is already spent on medical care for the uninsured are the first steps towards achieving meaningful health care reform...

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..The aim of this study is to determine whether socioeconomic AIDS mortality inequalities before and after the introduction of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) have increased or decreased in a Spanish city where HAART is free...

..This will be followed by an exploration of avenues to which nursing science can make substantial contributions...

..This study was part of a systematic assessment to gain an understanding of aging in a rural community along the U.S.-Mexico border in Arizona...

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..Unless new resources are injected and policy adjustments made, serious changes are unlikely...

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..Examine the association between poverty and preventive care use among older working adults...

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..Given recent budget cuts to the Medicaid program, health centers remain an important policy option to assure access to care for vulnerable populations.

..S. $2 per person. Social marketing could be an effective strategy for getting insecticide-treated nets to poor communities in Pakistan who are most vulnerable to malaria...

..The data were collected during intensive fieldwork carried out in Alexandra township and Diepkloof (Gauteng) in 2001 - 2002, using participant observation and repeated in-depth interviews...

..Equity was assessed utilising neighbourhood-based indices of multiple deprivation (IMD) and hours of health visiting activity...

..Identify structural couplings of Retirement Institutions for the Aged (RIA) with the economic system, in order to maintain those institutions that shelter the poor aged in the Brazilian context...

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..programs have expanded coverage for the poor, and family physicians provide essential services to these vulnerable populations. Despite these efforts, many Americans do not have access to basic medical care...

..The inverse care law states that the availability of good medical care tends to vary inversely with the need for it in the population served, but there is little research on how the inverse care law actually operates...

..Understanding how these economic and political forces have operated historically can explain both the persistence of the health disparities and the controversies that surround them...

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..These issues are explored in the paper with special focus on cancer, mental health, cardiovascular disease and sexual health...

..The ethics of dental practice and the profession are being called into question. Who will provide the necessary leadership to address and resolve these issues, so that oral health is attainable by all?..

..Achievement of the Millennium Development Goals is likely to be compromised if inequities in health/healthcare are not properly addressed...

..This study highlights the importance of the historical relevance of our theoretical understanding of the relationship between social factors and involuntary commitment...

..S. managed care plans. The analysis explores the extent to which such a system helps to equalize access experiences with contrasts to the experiences of U.S. women...

..Attrition rates were lower among women with access than among those without access. Priorities for future research based on these preliminary findings are discussed...

..The current design for funding and delivering health care services excludes poor men, particularly men of color. Improving the health of men requires modifications in the way health care is financed, delivered, and managed...

..At present, escalating costs and a pronounced lack of suitable hardware have resulted in a growing yet underserved population of amputees who are not equitably benefiting from technological advancements in the O&P sector. ..

..CTSI), the CRN is rapidly expanding its efforts in both effectiveness and implementation research with vulnerable populations. This expansion has intensified engagement of the CRN with the clinicians that serve urban, underserved, ..

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..Economic and policy research on the efficiency of drug abuse treatment and HIV prevention services among vulnerable populations such as women, adolescents and members of minority groups is necessary to improve drug abuse and HIV/AIDS ..

..Economic and policy research on the efficiency of drug abuse treatment and HIV prevention services among vulnerable populations such as women, adolescents and members of minority groups is necessary to improve drug abuse and HIV/AIDS ..

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b>Vulnerable populations experience a greater burden of disease, are less informed about diagnosis and treatment, and are less likely to be satisfied with communication with their healthcare providers...

..Virginia Commonwealth University (VCU) in Richmond, Virginia, strives to involve minority, underserved and vulnerable populations in crucial research to understand and improve health disparities...

..S., often causing kidney failure. The reasons why some groups suffer worse outcomes are not known. We will investigate how differences in healthcare access are related to "gaps" in outcomes for lupus kidney disease. ..

..S., often causing kidney failure. The reasons why some groups suffer worse outcomes are not known. We will investigate how differences in healthcare access are related to "gaps" in outcomes for lupus kidney disease. ..

..evaluation of an intensive four-day training course focusing on ethical and legal issues that arise when vulnerable populations, particularly people with severe mental disabilities, are used as research subjects...

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..RESEARCH GRANT TABLE OF CONTENTS Page Numbers Face Page .................................................................................................................................................. 1 Description, ..

..abstract_text> ..

..The project could help persons with SLE from low socioeconomic backgrounds by showing that referral to physicians providing high quality care will reduce disparities in outcomes. ..

..The project could help persons with SLE from low socioeconomic backgrounds by showing that referral to physicians providing high quality care will reduce disparities in outcomes. ..