child of impaired parents

..Furthermore, these children may be at risk for other problem behaviors, including legal drug use, and would benefit from interventions which address primarily their personality characteristics, but also their school environments...

..Relevant issues are discussed, and promising directions for future research are suggested...

..Father to child effects were significant only in male children. Little evidence was found for child to parent effects...

..Mothers' alcohol abuse seemed to be associated with higher occurrences of all the mentioned disadvantages...

..The aim of this study was to examine for differential effects of depression in fathers on children's subsequent psychological functioning via a natural experiment comparing prenatal and postnatal exposure...

..This study sought to provide direct estimates of the number of US children younger than 18 years who are exposed to alcohol abuse or alcohol dependence in the family...

..This study examines emotion regulation strategies used by children of mothers with childhood-onset depression (COD) and children of never-depressed mothers (NCOD)...

..It was already known that parental problem drinking results in mental health problems in children. We found clear indications that these problems do not disappear when these children grow old...

..This impairs the mother's parenting capacities and adversely affects mother-child interaction and child development...

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..Childhood neurobehavioral deficits in offspring of schizophrenic, affectively ill, and psychiatrically normal parents were evaluated as predictors of schizophrenia-related psychoses in adulthood...

..Improved paternal mental health is likely to improve children's wellbeing and life course...

..Beyond the psychiatric approach, psychosocial considerations need to be taken into consideration to prevent negative mental health outcomes in children living in homes with distressed parents...

..Attachment to parents and peers and the gender of the alcohol-abusing parent were associated with depressive symptoms among ACOAs...

..There is also evidence that children's capacity for physiological regulation can buffer some of the adverse consequences associated with maternal depressive symptomatology...

..Multiplex AD families in which multiple cases of AD are present provide an ideal setting for understanding developmental variants of the adult phenotype...

..These findings underscore the importance of considering parental comorbid psychopathology when examining the relationship between parental alcoholism and offspring adjustment...

..Implications for the time-embedded relations between parent alcoholism and children's internalizing symptoms are discussed...

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..Implications of these findings for understanding the development of social competence in children, and at-risk children in particular, are discussed...

..In addition, proximal and time-varying effects of parent alcohol symptoms were also found. Implications for preventing escalations in externalizing symptoms among this high-risk population are discussed...

..The authors used an adoption study design to investigate environmental influences on risk for psychopathology in adolescents with depressed parents...

..Adolescent offspring of depressed parents are at high risk for development of depression. Cognitive restructuring therapy holds promise for preventing progression to depressive episodes...

..In addition, we hypothesized that this parental change would produce change in children's self-understanding, and in children's depressive symptomatology...

..g., age, gender, duration, perceived fairness, ethnicity, and family support) moderate the impact of parentification on long-term adjustment...

..This study sought to determine the number, characteristics, and living situations of children of HIV-infected adults...

..The Helsinki High-Risk Study monitors women treated for schizophrenia-spectrum disorders in Helsinki mental hospitals before 1975, their offspring, and controls...

..To determine the effects of familial loading, birth weight, and family problems on change in parent-reported problems across a 14-month period among children of bipolar parents...

..The low PE-maternal depression link was relatively specific, as there were few associations between low PE and other forms of parental psychopathology or between NE and BI and parental mood disorders...

..The perception of child's functioning and potential influencing variables varied according to informant...

..An immense need for concrete information about the appropriate way of how to behave towards the ill parent as well as the course of the disorder and its treatment was evident throughout the study...

..Research is needed to identify factors that affect the magnitude of parenting deficits among women who are experiencing depression and other psychological difficulties...

..This aim of this study was to examine the influence of grandparental (G1) and parental (G2) major depressive disorder (MDD) and other forms of psychopathology on behavior problems in very young offspring (G3)...

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..The first 2 generations were interviewed 4 times during this period. The offspring from the second generation are now adults and have children of their own, the third generation of the original cohort...

..Problem communication outweighed lack of openness with respect to development of PTSS. Recurrent disease and intensive treatment regimens affected parent-adolescent communication negatively...

..The few neuroimaging studies on children of schizophrenic parents are also briefly mentioned. Because of space limitations, the overview is not intended as a comprehensive or detailed review of this area of high-risk research...

..Because a high rate of childhood behavioral problems is known to be associated with adult substance abuse, these analyses controlled for substance abuse...

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..Results support the hypotheses of elevated behavior, anxiety, and mood disorders among offspring at risk for bipolar disorder, and suggest that this psychopathology is already evident in early childhood...

..Treatment for depression in the postpartum period should target the mother-infant relationship in addition to the mothers' depressive symptoms...

..This suggests that other (unmeasured) mediators are necessary to fully explain paternal alcoholism risk for adolescents' escalating substance use over time...

..Among the offspring of lithium-responsive bipolar parents, an early-onset subgroup with a classical episodic clinical course can be identified...

..We present the preliminary findings of a 13-year longitudinal study...

..The findings, from parental as well as child reports, apply to both AD mothers and AD fathers...

..Highly undercontrolled adolescents may have such a strong diathesis for drug use disorders that buffers may not have the same effect as in those with better control...

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..CONCLUSIONS: Parental alcoholism predicts escalation of alcohol use, development of alcohol use disorders and onset of alcohol outcomes in offspring...

..Mediational models suggested that parent alcoholism effects could be partially (but not totally) explained by adolescent externalizing symptoms...

..When identifying those at greatest risk for MDD, measures of temperament could serve as a useful supplement to family psychiatric history of MDD...

..Multialcoholic and comorbid-alcoholic families may thus convey a genetic susceptibility to dysregulation along with environments that both exacerbate this susceptibility and provide few supports to offset it...

..To describe school-age children's and adolescents' adjustment to parental cancer...

..Offspring of psychiatric inpatients are at higher risk of death from all causes, but their cause-specific risks have not been quantified...

..To examine the association between maternal post-natal depression and infant growth...

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..Model programs are discussed with a focus on the development of competent parenting skills combined with social supports for parents who have a serious and persistent mental illness...

..The results remained significant after controlling for some additional factors such as antisocial personality disorder and drug dependence in the parents...

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..The study addresses these issues, disaggregating their overlapping effects...

..Mothers' level of illness was associated with parenting. Greater variability in parental monitoring resulted in higher levels of problem behaviors...

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..The extent to which ND predicted SUD outcome 7 to 9 years later was also determined...

..Findings are discussed in terms of family process models for relations between parental drinking and child adjustment problems...

..However, even the highest levels of caretaking burden were not consistently associated with clinically significant compromise of psychosocial adjustment...

..Results are discussed in relation to recent trait models of regulation and the scaffolded development of competence and problems in childhood and adolescence...

..Future research on adolescent development should consider the disability status of children and parents, with particular attention to patterns of gendered care-giving in American families...

..There was evidence for an additive, rather than interactive, combined parental effect. Findings help clarify the impact of paternal and maternal SUD on the development of substance involvement during adolescence...

..Interventions for parents whose symptoms of depression interfere with parenting responsibilities could help reduce the risk of some childhood disorders...

..The authors examined the changes in psychiatric symptoms and global functioning in children of depressed women 1 year following the initiation of treatment for maternal major depressive disorder...

..For alcohol use, only cross-generational associations in use were found. For illicit drugs, both poor inhibitory control and poor discipline played some mediational role in cross-generational use...

..The goal of this study was to determine whether COAs are characterized by more behavioural problems than non-COAs, and also to determine the influence of a paternal antisocial personality disorder (ASPD) in this context...

..Potential moderators of differences, including maternal distress, parenting variables (aggravation and warmth), functional impairment related to illness, and demographic characteristics were also tested...

..Contextual risk factors were found to mediate the relation between maternal depression and child behavioral outcomes...

..At the same time, because boys and girls also show many similarities, it is important to avoid sex-stereotyping mental health problems...

..Peer environment mediated the association between ND and cannabis use and ND and CUD. Maternal and paternal SUD predicted the peer environment. Parental SUD, son's ND, and son's peer environment predicted CUD at age 22 with 84% accuracy...

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..The objective is to examine the factors associated with family functioning in families with children where a parent has cancer in comparison to families without cancer...

..To examine the effect of maternal depressive symptoms on child problem behavior trajectories and how the father's positive involvement may modify this association...

..Results indicate that one pathway to higher externalizing behavior problems among children of alcoholics may be via parenting and self-regulation in the toddler to preschool years...

..Results are discussed in terms of implications for resilience theory, interventions, and social policy...

..To review the literature on the impact of parental problem drug use on children, and indicate the efficacy of key evaluated interventions to reduce the impact of parental drug use on children...

..e., families with fathers who had an alcohol problem versus families with fathers who had a drug problem) and children's psychosocial adjustment...

..Among 180 offspring, family history of alcoholism, parenting styles, behavioral and emotional problems, peer-group characteristics, feelings of self-esteem, behavioral problems and psychiatric comorbidity of the parents were examined...

..Implications of these findings for development and adjustment in the transition to adulthood are discussed...

..The logic of such an interpretation of a certain incompatibility between dependent drug use and childcare raises the issue of the capacity for research to harm those who form the focus of empirical research...

..Results revealed that mothers who had parents with alcohol or drug-related problems were more likely to become poor parents, if they themselves used drugs and had problems related to drug use...

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..Six of the seven parents (85.7%) remaining in treatment improved on one or more measure of parent skills. Integrated Family Treatment is a promising practice that warrants further study...

..To analyse the influences of parental use of cigarettes and snus (the Swedish variety of smokeless tobacco) on offspring's behaviour...

..Children affected by maternal addiction are in need of long-term supportive services...

..This study examined the distinct influences of parent substance use disorder and other psychopathology in the transmission of the risk for psychopathology to their children...

..By contrast, within the low functioning group parental alcohol misuse status was not significantly related to self-concept whereas level of parentification was. The results are discussed within a family systems framework...

..It may be more feasible to study the effect of improved maternal depression on offspring by sampling depressed mothers coming for their own treatment and then assessing their children over the course of maternal treatment...

..The object of this study was to investigate the predictive value of the maternal variables depression, partnership, social support, and parenting for internal and external behavioral problems of the children...

..Relationships among alcohol and hard drug reports were strong during Months 1, 2, and 4 preceding intake, whereas strength of relationship among marijuana reports was similar throughout the 6 months...

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..Children affected by maternal addiction are in need of long-term supportive services...

..The project will also expand our understanding of the neural substrates of the level of response to alcohol, a key risk factor for the development of alcohol dependence. ..

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..Learning Sobriety Together holds great potential for having such broad and prolonged effects that will benefit families affected by drug abuse as well as the treatment community that serves them. ..

..e., the mechanisms of action that result in secondary child benefits). This will provide much-needed information that will be used to inform future multifaceted treatments for drug-abusing parents and their children. ..

..Learning Sobriety Together holds great potential for having such broad and prolonged effects that will benefit families affected by drug abuse as well as the treatment community that serves them. ..

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..Our ultimate goal is to identify ways to prevent the escalation of drinking and associated problems in young populations. ..

..Our ultimate goal is to identify ways to prevent the escalation of drinking and associated problems in young populations. ..

..The project will also expand our understanding of the neural substrates of the level of response to alcohol, a key risk factor for the development of alcohol dependence. ..

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..The possible interplay between environmental variation and the neurobiological factors associated with high-risk status also suggests the need to assess this variation in the context of a longitudinal follow-up. ..

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..Studies of such early emerging but persistent pathways are rare but critical to efforts to design and implement effective intervention and treatment programs for youth. ..

..g., marriage, first career-related job) during this period as they relate to risk status and its interaction with other familial/genetic and other environmental factors. ..

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..Little is known about the factors that discourage continued heavy drinking in young adulthood for individuals from multigenerational alcohol dependent families in which a high density of individuals are dependent on alcohol. ..

..Third, we plan to build the foundation for a comprehensive prospective longitudinal follow-up of children between the ages of 8-13 years...

..Also, we will begin to explore the nature of the neurobehavioral deficits reported in the literature for children of alcoholics utilizing measures of vigilance, iconic memory, and neurological functioning including static ataxia...

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..4 cm intervals for all three generations would be combined and linkage analyses performed using the well validated alcoholism phenotype and the well validated childhood diagnoses obtained from the K-SADS. ..

..New measures will be added to explore non-shared environmental effects in these families where sibling pairs are available for study (N=346 sib pairs). ..

..The combined resources of our research team will situate us to initiate positional cloning of a gene, should significant positive linkages be found with our Stage I and Stage 11 genotyping endeavors. ..

..Few interventions, other than for prevention or medication adherence, are available for women living with HIV; this study will evaluate an intervention that will help HIV-positive mothers deal with a serious family issue. ..

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..The proposed research will also lend clarification to current controversies regarding the differential diagnosis between bipolar spectrum disorders and ADHD in children. ..

..The manner in which these attributes unfold over the parent's life course will be used to explain the development of the child's antisocial behaviors and prosocial competencies. ..

..The proposed training and research activities will provide a solid foundation for the candidate to become an independent investigator specializing in longitudinal developmental neuroimaging studies of risk for SUDs. ..

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..Information and experience gained from this project will be used to design a longitudinal randomized controlled trial to study the effect of this system on both mothers' depressive symptoms and their children's developmental outcomes. ..