squalus acanthias

We have established a cartilaginous fish cell line [Squalus acanthias embryo cell line (SAE)], a mesenchymal stem cell line derived from the embryo of an elasmobranch, the spiny dogfish shark S. acanthias...

To understand the processes involved in the spatial and temporal maturation of testicular cells in Squalus acanthias, we used standard morphometry, proliferating-cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-..

..NHE3 antibody was used to localize the exchanger in the gills of the stenohaline marine spiny dogfish shark (Squalus acanthias)...

..Western analysis in gill membranes from HCl-infused fish also revealed increased abundance of Na(+)/H(+) exchanger 2 (213+/-5%) and Na(+)/K(+)-ATPase (315+/-88%) compared to the control...

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Dogfish (Squalus acanthias) growth hormone (GH) was identified by cDNA cloning and protein purification from the pituitary gland. Dogfish GH cDNA encoded a prehormone of 210 amino acids (aa)...

Previous research showed that the spiny dogfish, Squalus acanthias, is much more sensitive to silver exposure than typical marine teleosts...

..Our results strongly suggest that cellular relocation of V-H+-ATPase is necessary for enhanced HCO3- secretion across the gills of the Pacific dogfish...

..Our results illustrate the complex integration of digestive and ionoregulatory function in the elasmobranch digestive tract, and marked differences from the teleost pattern...

..Here we show that in the ureosmotic elasmobranch, Squalus acanthias (spiny dogfish), two different GS transcripts are generated by tissue-specific alternative splicing...

..These results indicate that the rectal gland maintains a selective barrier to urea in its basolateral membranes...

..We conclude that both the alkaline tide and salt loading/volume expansion act as signals to activate some but not all of the elevated metabolic pathways and ionoregulatory mechanisms needed during processing of a meal...

The dogfish (Squalus acanthias) can make rapid adjustments to gill acid-base transfers to compensate for internal acidosis/alkalosis...

..Further studies will be required to elucidate the functional relevance of this novel interaction...

..These findings demonstrate that this model has utility for use in screening assays of environmental toxicants...

..Sharks such as Squalus acanthias provide a suitable model for studying aspects of vertebrate spermatogenosis because of their unique features:..

..on respiratory gas transfer in the freshwater rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) and the marine dogfish (Squalus acanthias). In both species, endothelin-1 (666 pmol kg(-1)) caused a rapid (within 4 min) reduction (ca...

..the enzymology of carbamoyl phosphate formation and utilization for pyrimidine nucleotide biosynthesis in Squalus acanthias (spiny dogfish), a representative elasmobranch...

..relative contributions of CO(2) versus H(+) in promoting the cardiorespiratory responses of dogfish (Squalus acanthias) and Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) to hypercarbia and to evaluate the relative contributions of externally ..

..However, during a hypotensive stress elicited by vascular smooth muscle relaxation. Ang II indirectly contributes to cardiovascular control by dose-dependently stimulating catecholamine release...

The semicircular canals of the vestibular labyrinth of the dogfish shark, Squalus acanthias, may serve as a simple in vitro system for the study of the ionic transport mechanisms involved in endolymph formation...

Oxygen consumption of an in-pericardium heart preparation from the spiny dogfish (Squalus acanthias) was linearly related to cardiac power output. Basal oxygen consumption, predicted from the regression, was 0.127 microliters.s-1...

..sulfonate (pCMBS) and some other organic mercurials produce a swelling of slices of dogfish shark (Squalus acanthias) rectal glands, with an uptake of cell Na+ and a loss of K+...

..anhydrase (CA) in mediating V-H(+)-ATPase translocation into the basolateral membrane in gills of alkalotic Squalus acanthias. Immunolabeling revealed that CA is localized in the same cells as V-H(+)-ATPase...

..pulsed Doppler technique), dorsal aortic pressure, and heart rate were studied in unrestrained spiny dogfish Squalus acanthias injected with the elasmobranch tachykinins scyliorhinin I and II (SCY I and SCY II), the trout tachykinins ..

..paper we synthesized melanocortin peptides from both the sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus) and spiny dogfish (Squalus acanthias) and tested them on the MC3 and MC4 receptors from spiny dogfish...

..hagfish Eptatretus stouti, the lamprey Petromyzon marinus, and cartilaginous fishes Hydrolagus colliei and Squalus acanthias and were then analyzed with previously reported 28S and 18S rDNA sequences from other chordates...

The physiological effects of waterborne silver exposure (added as AgNO(3)) on spiny dogfish, Squalus acanthias, were evaluated at 30, 200 and 685 microg silver per l in 30 per thousand seawater...

GFAP expression patterns were compared between the brains of a spiny dogfish (Squalus acanthias) and a little skate (Raia erinacea). After anesthesia, the animals were perfused with paraformaldehyde...

..between inhibitory vagal control of the heart and circulating levels of catecholamines in dogfish (Squalus acanthias) were studied using an in situ preparation of the heart, which retained intact its innervation from ..

..Am J Anat 190: 309-333, 1991), as well as in the spiny dogfish Squalus acanthias and the little skate, Leucoraja erinacea...

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Veratrum alkaloids stimulated salt secretion by the isolated perfused rectal gland of Squalus acanthias. Stimulation by veratrine was prevented by the nerve channel blockers tetrodotoxin and procaine and was not evident in a preparation ..

Due to a cystic mode of spermatogenesis and zonal testes, the spiny dogfish shark (Squalus acanthias) and salamander (Necturus maculosus) are advantageous for studying the relationship between steroidogenesis and germ cell development...

..carbonic anhydrase (CA) isoform, similar to mammalian type IV CA, in the gills of dogfish (Squalus acanthias)...

A Phase I study of squalamine, a novel antiangiogenic agent originally isolated from the dogfish shark Squalus acanthias, was conducted in patients with advanced cancers to: (a) determine the maximum tolerated dose (MTD), dose-limiting ..

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Spiny dogfish shark (Squalus acanthias) lateral and IV choroid plexuses (CPs) are ultrastructurally similar to the corresponding tissues of rat. However, shark IV CP is proportionally larger and easily accessible...

..An understanding of the adaptations in ovarian dynamics to particular ovulatory cycles is key to developing theories about the evolution of reproductive strategies in female elasmobranchs. J. Exp. Zool. 284:557-574, 1999...

..the sensitivity to endothelin of the vascular smooth muscle of the ventral aorta of the spiny dogfish shark, Squalus acanthias. Human endothelin-1 produced significant contraction of isolated vascular smooth muscle rings, with an EC50 ..

..cod (Gadus morhua) as in most mammalian species, but increases gut vascular resistance in the spiny dogfish (Squalus acanthias)...

Adult Pacific spiny dogfish (Squalus acanthias) were exposed to acute (approximately 20 min) hypercarbia while we monitored arterial blood pressure, systemic vascular resistance (R(S)), cardiac output (V(b)) and frequency (fh) as well as ..

..the black-mouthed catshark Galeus melastomus, the starry smooth hound Mustelus asterias, the spiny dogfish Squalus acanthias and the lesser-spotted dogfish Scyliorhinus canicula...

..To match the matrix of the samples very closely, the reference materials Dorm-2, Dogfish Muscle (Squalus acanthias) and SRM 1577b Bovine Liver were used to evaluate the whole analytical process including sample digestion...

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..isolated a cDNA encoding a UT that is homologous to the facilitative UT cloned from another dogfish species, Squalus acanthias. The Triakis UT mRNA is abundantly expressed in the kidney, while low levels of expression were detected in ..

..kinetics of (125)I-labeled, human ET-1 to membrane fragments isolated from the gill of the dogfish shark, Squalus acanthias. (125)I-ET-1 bound at a single site, with a dissociation constant (K(d)) and binding site number (B(max)) ..

..We found that sharks have more than two isoforms (32, 28 and 25 kD), and that some of these might not be fully functional because they lack the domains known for Po homophilic adhesion...

..measured cytosolic Ca(2+) concentration ([Ca(2+)](i)) in fura-2-loaded VSM of anterior mesenteric artery of Squalus acanthias and show that the ET(B)R agonists IRL 1620 and sarafotoxin S6c (SRX) increase [Ca(2+)](i) in VSM to the same ..

..We have derived from the embryo of Squalus acanthias, the spiny dogfish shark, the S. acanthias embryo (SAE) mesenchymal stem cell line...

..Venous capacitance was estimated in the dogfish Squalus acanthias by measuring the mean circulatory filling pressure (MCFP) during transient occlusion of cardiac outflow...

..the actions of AD in fish, we have analysed this question in the branchial vasculature of the elasmobranch Squalus acanthias and the teleost Anguilla anguilla using an isolated perfused head and a branchial basket preparation, ..

..mammalian Na(+)-d-glucose cotransporters (SGLT), a cDNA was cloned from the kidney of spiny dogfish shark (Squalus acanthias)...

..In this report, we construct and characterize a diversity enhanced semi-synthetic NAR V display library based on naturally occurring NAR V sequences...

..Results are discussed in the context of the alternating germ-Sertoli cell population kinetics of early-stage spermatogonial cysts in Squalus acanthias's protracted testicular cycle.

..of tooth replacement in Atlantic salmon displays several characters similar to those observed in the shark Squalus acanthias. To interpret similarities in tooth replacement between Atlantic salmon and chondrichthyans as a case of ..

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..phospholipid composition in livers of five species of marine fish (Myxine glutinosa, Petromyzon marinus, Squalus acanthias, Fundulus heteroclitus and Myoxocephalus octodecemspinosus) that contain a range of PUFA...

..response to natural feeding, we investigated protein-level responses in the rectal gland of spiny dogfish (Squalus acanthias) 6 h, 20 h, and 5 days (reference control) after a meal...

..In the squaloid shark Squalus acanthias, MP has been reported, but whether it is a common feature of the species' reproductive strategy is unknown...

..20-0.73, H(E)  = 0.59-0.94 and F(IS)  = -0.47-0.58), Pacific spiny dogfish (Squalus acanthias) (a = 3-13, H(O)  = 0.00-0.96, H(E)  = 0.24-0.93 and F(IS)  =-0.52-1...

..Here, we show that squalamine, a compound previously isolated from the tissues of the dogfish shark (Squalus acanthias) and the sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus), exhibits broad-spectrum antiviral activity against human ..

..trimethylamine oxide (TMAO), was investigated in isolated IVth choroid plexus (CP) of spiny dogfish shark (Squalus acanthias), an animal with naturally high levels of TMAO ( approximately 70 mmol l(-1))...

..shows a high identity with the VTGR of other vertebrates, particularly Leucoraja erinacea (89% identity) and Squalus acanthias (84% identity)...

..our knowledge to use DNA barcoding of the mitochondrial COI gene in order to confirm the presence of species Squalus acanthias, Oxynotus centrina, Squatina squatina, Scyliorhinus canicula, Scyliorhinus stellaris, Mustelus mustelus, ..

Three lipid correction models were evaluated for liver and white dorsal muscle from Squalus acanthias. For muscle, all three models performed well, based on the Akaike Information Criterion value corrected for small sample sizes (AIC(c) )..

..for Ost-beta from skate liver, and the primary structure was identical to that of the spiny dogfish shark (Squalus acanthias) with the exception of a single amino acid...

..metabolic alkalosis ("alkaline tide") in the bloodstream after feeding in the dogfish shark (Squalus acanthias), we evaluated whether there was a corresponding net base excretion to the water at this time...

..in lateral choroid plexus (CP) isolated from rat and an evolutionarily ancient vertebrate, dogfish shark (Squalus acanthias)...

..All three modern shark species examined (spiny dogfish shark Squalus acanthias, porbeagle shark Lamna nasus and blue shark Prionace glauca) have a continuous skeletal element that ..

..RFUVA treatment retards the progression of keratoconus, perhaps by cross-linking of collagen molecules, but exact molecular mechanisms remain unknown. Research described here tested possible chemical mechanisms of cross-linking...

..Susceptibility of the latter could arise from the nonhomologous regions in the cytoplasmic domain...

..but not GFAP, characterized the Bergmann-glia of skates and rays and astrocyte-like non-ependymal cells in Squalus acanthias. Another squalomorph shark species, Pristiophorus cirratus, however, had GFAP immunopositive astrocytes...

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..in these fractions originated from squalamine, an aminosterol previously identified in the dogfish shark, Squalus acanthias. Further chromatographic and mass spectrometric analyses confirmed the identity of squalamine, an ..

..Our results show that the conservation of the amino acids crucial for proton gating can predict proton sensitivity of an ASIC and increase our understanding of the evolution of ASICs...

The spiny dogfish (Squalus acanthias) is a temperate, coastal squaloid shark with an antitropical distribution in the Atlantic and Pacific oceans...

..To describe recent advances in our understanding of the evolution of gastrointestinal hormones, with the gastrin/cholecystokinin (CCK) family as a model...

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..To confirm the presence of the muscle ring, we examined histological sections from two species of shark, Squalus acanthias and Carcharodon carcharius, and from the stingray Dasyatis sabina and stained sections from S...

..jamaicensis), clearnose skate (Raja eglanteria), ghost shark (Hydrolagus novaezelandiae), and spiny dogfish (Squalus acanthias), were examined for the presence of spontaneous contractions (SC)...

Previously we have shown that stimulation of in vitro perfused rectal gland tubules (RGT) of the dog-fish Squalus acanthias by adenosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate (cAMP), (as a cocktail comprising 0...

..intracellular Cl- activity and cell volume were studied in isolated perfused rectal gland tubules (RGT) of Squalus acanthias with electrophysiological and fluorescence methods...

..CNP), an agonist acting through the second messenger cGMP, enhances NaCl secretion in the rectal gland of Squalus acanthias. Single rectal gland tubules (RGT) were dissected manually, perfused in vitro and equivalent short-circuit ..

Purified Na+/K+-ATPase (EC 3.6.1.37) isolated from the rectal gland of Squalus acanthias was characterized in ouabain-binding studies and with respect to isoform(s) of the alpha peptide...

In vivo experiments were conducted on spiny dogfish (Squalus acanthias) and rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) in sea water to determine the potential role of externally oriented or gill boundary layer carbonic anhydrase in carbon ..

..characterization of the KCNQ1 protein from the salt secretory rectal gland of the spiny dogfish (Squalus acanthias). The S...

..order to explore this relationship we have sequenced the complete mitochondrial genome of the spiny dogfish, Squalus acanthias, and included it in a phylogenetic analysis together with a number of bony fishes and amniotes...

NaCl secretion in rectal gland tubules (RGT) of Squalus acanthias requires the activation of Cl– channels in the luminal membrane. The RGT and its mechanism of activation are an early evolutionary paradigm of exocrine secretion...

..The deduced amino acid sequence exhibits 95.3 and 76.1% identity with the CAD sequences of hamster and Squalus acanthias. The DNA fragment of 6,679 bp containing the full-length coding sequence was amplified by nested PCR using ..

The cDNA encoding the spiny dogfish shark (Squalus acanthias) testicular form of cytochrome P450c17 (CYP17) was used to direct the heterologous expression of a functional enzyme in yeast (Pichia pastoris)...

..cod (Gadus morhua), rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss), European eel (Anguilla anguilla), spiny dogfish (Squalus acanthias) and Atlantic hagfish (Myxine glutinosa) were identified utilizing immunohistochemical techniques...

..various organotins on membrane function and electrolyte transport were studied in the marine elasmobranch, Squalus acanthias. The isolated perfused rectal gland was used as a model of electrolyte transport...

In Pacific spiny dogfish (Squalus acanthias), plasma CO(2) reactions have access to plasma carbonic anhydrase (CA) and gill membrane-associated CA...

..under control conditions and following rectal gland removal (1 month) in the spiny dogfish, Squalus acanthias. A clear correlation can be made between MRC numbers and the levels of Na(+)/K(+)-ATPase activity in crude ..

..characterization and tissue distribution of a melanocortin (MC) receptor gene in a shark, the spiny dogfish (Squalus acanthias) (Sac)...

..NAR V display libraries containing >10(7) unique clones from non-immunized (naïve) adult spiny dogfish (Squalus acanthias) and smooth dogfish (Mustelus canis) sharks were constructed...

..The most used elasmobranch in biomedical research is the spiny dogfish shark, Squalus acanthias. Comparative genomic analysis of the dogfish shark, the little skate (Leucoraja erincea), and other ..

..Compared to specimens sampled within 2 d of capture (recently captured), spiny dogfish Squalus acanthias that were held for 16-33 d without apparent feeding displayed a 4...

..biological mechanisms of significance to human health, and world center for the use of the dogfish shark (Squalus acanthias) and little skate (Raja erinacea) as research models...

..Recognition that metal ions are essential for the biological activity of NAGs may permit the development of novel therapies for colon cancer. ..

..These studies will provide a better understanding of the possible role of human AHRR in modulating dioxin effects. ..

..Recognition that metal ions are essential for the biological activity of NAGs may permit the development of novel therapies for colon cancer. ..

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..4. To study the inducible transformation of coelomocytes from a lamellipodial to a filopodial form. ..

..In the longer term definition of high affinity receptors for PDP-metal ion complexes may permit the development of novel therapies for treatment of disorders of iron metabolism and of gastrointestinal cancers. ..

..We will determine the diversity and function of AHR genes in fish species commonly used as aquatic models, test the hypothesis that a second AHR-like gene exists in humans, and compare the function of fish and human AHRs. ..

..Therefore, a greater understanding of the energetics and modulation of medicated choline transport across the CSF-blood barrier would allow more effective prevention, management and treatment of such disorders. ..

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