rana catesbeiana

..been recently associated with mass mortality events in Brazilian farmed tadpoles of the American bullfrog Rana catesbeiana Shaw, 1802. The objectives of the present study were to further characterize the virus isolated from sick R...

A virus, designated Rana catesbeiana virus Z (RCV-Z), was isolated from the visceral tissue of moribund tadpoles of the North American bullfrog Rana catesbeiana...

The in vitro brainstem preparation from Rana catesbeiana shows a functional central O(2) chemoreflex. Acute brainstem exposure to hypoxic superfusate elicits lung burst frequency responses that change over the course of development...

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..They further show that a populationbased analysis can increase the precision with which temporal features are represented in the central auditory system...

..residues linked with four disulfide bridges, is a cytotoxic ribonuclease isolated from oocytes of bullfrog Rana catesbeiana. RNase 4 belongs to the bovine pancreatic ribonuclease (RNase A) superfamily...

..These data suggest that different neural codes for processing of the periodicity of complex signals operate in early stage tadpoles than in postmetamorphic froglets...

..We hypothesize that the cessation of respiratory activity in post-metamorphic tadpoles and adults is an adaptive, energy-saving response to low oxygen...

..NMR techniques, and the results were compared with those of their authentic RNases extracted from oocytes of Rana catesbeiana. Although the overall structures of the recombinant and authentic proteins are almost identical, the extra N-..

Spike frequency was recorded in the nerve of the isolated superfused first gill arch of the bullfrog larva, Rana catesbeiana and the response to different superfusate PO2 was evaluated...

..The results indicate that sensory hair cells can undergo intracellular self-repair in the absence of mitosis, offering new possibilities for functional hair cell recovery and an explanation for non-proliferative recovery...

..It is also possible that they may be produced from cell divisions in the extramacular epithelium that has not been considered capable of giving rise to hair cells...

..induces changes in the thyroid hormone-mediated process of metamorphosis of the North American bullfrog, Rana catesbeiana and alters the expression profile of thyroid hormone receptor (TR) alpha and beta, basic transcription ..

We present sequences of five novel RNase A superfamily ribonuclease genes of the bullfrog, Rana catesbeiana. All five genes encode ribonucleases that are similar to Onconase, a cytotoxic ribonuclease isolated from oocytes of R. pipiens...

..Because PMCA2a is the only Ca(2+) pump present at appreciable levels in hair bundles, the biochemical properties of this pump must account fully for the physiological features of transmembrane Ca(2+) pumping in bundles...

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..These results emphasize the importance of the relative rates of Ca2+ uptake and release in defining ER contributions to depolarization-induced Ca2+ signals...

Gene (Rmmp1) of matrix metalloproteinase 1 (MMP1) of the bullfrog, Rana catesbeiana, has been shown previously to contain a thyroid hormone response element (TRE)-like sequence in its 5'-upstream region...

In the bullfrog Rana catesbeiana, testicular weight is constant throughout the year, but the volume densities of germinative and interstitial compartments undergo inverse changes from winter (non-breeding) to summer (breeding)...

..Here, we show that introduced North American bullfrogs (Rana catesbeiana) consistently carry this emerging pathogenic fungus...

..Coincubation with PD098059, a MAPK inhibitor, has no effect. Thus, T(3)-dependent tail regression does not require MAPKs, but a decrease in Cdk2 activity promotes tail regression...

..Our model explains the main features of the empirical data obtained from direct measurement of the amphibian papilla and basilar papilla contact membranes reported in an accompanying paper (this issue)...

..morphological measurements of the periotic canal based on internal casts of the inner ear in the bullfrog (Rana catesbeiana) revealed that it is divided into a wide, tapered section and a narrower section comprised of two branches ..

..soy products and tyrosine kinase inhibitor) and the PKC inhibitor (H7) prevent T(3)-induced regression of the Rana catesbeiana tadpole tail...

The conversion of the larval to adult epidermis during metamorphosis of tadpoles of bullfrog, Rana catesbeiana, was investigated utilizing newly cloned Rana keratin cDNAs as probes...

..to determine the pharmacology of putative receptors in the brain of an anuran amphibian, the male bullfrog (Rana catesbeiana)...

..We determined the scale at which gene flow can be estimated among breeding aggregations of bullfrogs (Rana catesbeiana) at the northern limit of their range in Ontario, Canada, using seven highly polymorphic DNA microsatellite ..

..This suggestion was tested by investigating the effect of SPARC on cultured larval basal cells. We observed that SPARC suppressed the expression of rak, but not rlk...

..We report the causative agent, Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis, in North American bullfrogs (Rana catesbeiana) farmed for the international restaurant trade...

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..These observations accord with a model in which oscillations arise from the interplay of the hair bundle's negative stiffness with the activity of adaptation motors and with Ca 2+-dependent relaxation of gating springs...

An S100-like calcium-binding protein, p26olf, was originally isolated from the frog (Rana Catesbeiana) olfactory epithelium with four chromatographical steps...

The Rana catesbeiana (bullfrog) ribonucleases, which belong to the RNase A superfamily, exert cytotoxicity toward tumor cells...

b>Rana catesbeiana ribonuclease (RC-RNase) exerted strong anti-tumor activity and its cytotoxicity was shown to correlate with differentiation stages of three different hepatoma cell lines...

..system to analyse the role of steroid hormones in hCG-induced spermiation in two species of anuran amphibian: Rana catesbeiana and Leptodactylus ocellatus...

..An alternative or additional role for the opercularis system is proposed, involving the protection of the inner ear from high-amplitude displacements of the stapes footplate during breathing and vocalisation...

..was used to measure the vibration velocity at different points on the ossicular apparatus of the bullfrog Rana catesbeiana in response to free-field sound...

..In this culture, larval basal cells differentiated into adult basal cells that reconstituted the adult epidermis. Thus, it was concluded that larval basal cells are the direct progenitor cells of the adult epidermal stem cells...

..Taking these findings into consideration, we conclude that CICR is too slow to explain the physiological Ca2+ release on depolarization...

..The calcium-sensitive binding of calmodulin to myosin-1c may therefore modulate the interaction of the adaptation motor with other components of the transduction apparatus...

..Parvalbumin 3 is therefore a significant mobile Ca2+ buffer, and perhaps the dominant buffer, in many types of hair cell. Moreover, parvalbumin 3 provides an early marker for developing hair cells in the frog, chicken, and zebrafish...

We describe a novel method of rapidly assessing exposure of premetamorphic Rana catesbeiana tadpoles to endocrine-disrupting chemicals...

..to compare gut structure and inhabitants, digesta passage, and microbial fermentation in bullfrog tadpoles (Rana catesbeiana) to those in other herbivores...

We measured the electromyographic (EMG) activity of seven hindlimb muscles during jumping in the bullfrog Rana catesbeiana. The semimembranosus, gracilis major, gluteus magnus, adductor magnus, cruralis and plantaris longus were ..

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..and Tanabe, T. (1997) J. Gen. Physiol. 110, 379-389). This molecule constitutes a new tool for studies of excitation-contraction coupling, gating, modulation, and gene expression...

..Therefore, cGMP-dependent regulation of transducin GTPase is likely to occur only during prolonged bright illumination...

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..These results suggest that alpha-RyR in the SR may serve Ca(2+) release in a mode other than CICR, being selectively suppressed in CICR...

..The role of the OPS in reception of vibrations was examined in bullfrogs (Rana catesbeiana) tested in various postures that manipulated differential motion between the shoulder girdle (the origin of ..

..Here, we show that recoverin has similar activity as S-modulin, and the amino acid sequences of both proteins are similar. The results strongly suggest that recoverin is bovine S-modulin and regulates PDE activation...

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..We propose that the large EPSCs reflect the highly synchronized release of multiple vesicles at single presynaptic ribbon-type active zones through a compound or coordinated vesicle fusion mechanism...

The aggressive response of male bullfrogs (Rana catesbeiana) habituates with repeated broadcasts of acoustic stimuli simulating a new territorial neighbor...

..techniques were employed to investigate the distribution of orexin-A-like immunoreactivity in the bullfrog (Rana catesbeiana) pituitary. Orexin-A-immunoreactive cells were scattered throughout the pars distalis...

In this study, we established a radioimmunoassay (RIA) specific for ghrelin from the bullfrog Rana catesbeiana using a novel antibody raised against the C-terminal amino acid sequence of bullfrog ghrelin [13-28]...

..We compared invasion success (the probability of establishing a wild reproducing population) for bullfrogs (Rana catesbeiana) introduced to enclosures on 26 farms on islands in the Zhoushan archipelago and 15 farms in neighboring ..

..This process has been intensively studied at the genomic level yet very little information at the proteomic level exists. In addition, there is increasing evidence that changes in the phosphoproteome influence TH action...

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..But dissection of Rana catesbeiana ears showed: the extracolumella, as long as the columella, is proximally expanded in the vertical plane, ..

..V, VII, X, and XII of in vitro, saline-perfused, brainstem-spinal cord preparations of the American bullfrog (Rana catesbeiana). Motor output indicative of fictive breathing was present in all preparations...

..The negative shift in the steady state inactivation of Q(1) correlated well with the effect on Ca(2+) release...

..A model for electrically driven bundle motion that incorporates the negative stiffness of the hair bundle as well as its two mechanisms of motility captures the essential features of the measured responses...

Central CO(2) chemoreception and the role of carbonic anhydrase were assessed in brain stems from Rana catesbeiana tadpoles and frogs...

ATP activates an apical-to-basolateral nonselective cation current across the skin of larval bullfrogs (Rana catesbeiana) with similarities to currents carried by some P2X receptors...

..The results support the view that PRL in larval period acts not only on the larval organs but also on the organs that are necessary for the adult life to maintain or develop their structures and functions...

..Here we report that the shapes of wing and rod cells isolated from taste discs in the bullfrog (Rana catesbeiana) remained unchanged 1 month after cutting bilateral glossopharyngeal nerves...

..A model where roscovitine reduced a backward rate constant between two open states was able to reproduce the effect of roscovitine on both activation and deactivation...

..We conclude that, in this preparation, stimulation of lung ventilation by the medullary Raphé is restricted to early (pre-metamorphic) stages...

..l-1 triiodothyronine (T3). Aldosterone treatment of these tissues resulted in a significant increase in Na+ channel density...

..These results suggest that the slow HPs are generated by closing the nonselective cation channels in the postsynaptic membrane of taste cells following possible release of substance P from the GP nerve terminals in the taste disk...

..The present study demonstrated that T(3) induces a remarkable nongenomic action in the NMJ of the tadpole tail at pre- and promatamorphic stages...

..In addition, we characterized a faster, voltage-dependent "flick", which requires intact tip links but not current through transduction channels...

..5 nm of mechanical noise enhanced the response of the saccular nerve up to fourfold, suggesting that the positive effects of low-amplitude mechanical noise result in improved transmission of acoustic information...

..We conclude that development of the respiratory pattern was perturbed by the barrier, but the major effect was on gill ventilation rather than lung ventilation as we had expected...

..While 5-HT(2A/C) receptors are involved in the modulation of respiratory motor output in mammals, these receptor subtypes do not appear to play a significant role in this species...

..We examined this possibility in the in vitro brain stem of the pre- and postmetamorphic Rana catesbeiana tadpole by microinjecting hypercapnic artificial cerebrospinal fluid (aCSF) while recording fictive lung ..

..The use of animation allows dynamic examination of anatomical changes across long developmental spans without requiring additional anatomical preparations or specialized expensive equipment...

..The continued expression of GAP-43 in brain nuclei and in cranial nerves throughout development and into adulthood reflects the high regenerative potential of the bullfrog's central nervous system...

..To address this issue, we used in vitro brainstem preparations of an ectotherm, Rana catesbeiana, at three developmental stages: pre-metamorphic tadpoles, metamorphic tadpoles and fully mature adult ..

We collected bullfrog (Rana catesbeiana) larvae from a coal combustion waste settling basin to investigate the effects of developmental stage and timing of metamorphosis on concentrations of a series of trace elements in bullfrog tissues...

Diel variation in plasma thyroxine (T(4)), and plasma and ocular melatonin was studied in Rana catesbeiana tadpoles and postmetamorphic froglets on 12:12 and 6:18 light/dark (LD) regimens...

..fictive lung ventilation before and after transecting the in vitro brain stem of pre- and postmetamorphic Rana catesbeiana into four segments...

We describe a novel mutualism between bullfrog tadpoles (Rana catesbeiana) and a tadpole-specific gastrointestinal nematode (Gyrinicola batrachiensis)...

..These morphological changes may provide a substrate for the functional restructuring of the bullfrog superior olive, shortly before the switch from aquatic to mostly atmospheric hearing...

..study tested whether NP exposure influenced rate of metamorphic progression and tail resorption in bullfrog (Rana catesbeiana) tadpoles...

..These results would be expected if LHRH-induced gM suppression reflects a PLC-mediated decrease in plasma membrane PIP2 levels...

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..All these results suggest that the ionotropic GABA receptor at the bullfrog cone terminal exhibits novel pharmacology, distinct from both traditional GABA(A) and GABA(C) receptors...

..These results demonstrate that PICs in motor neurones can be recruited during the production of behaviour and play a role in specifying the temporal details of motor output...

..Because amacrine cells are spiking neurons and because GABA is one of the main transmitters released from amacrine cells, amacrine cells may participate in generating rhythmically fluctuated synaptic input to dimming detectors...

..Other inwardly rectifying channels, such as Kir4.1 or Kir2.1, may mediate the remaining currents. K(ATP) channels may help maintain glial cell functions during ATP deficiency...

..of endogenous neuronal NO synthesis, to investigate the neurogenesis of respiration in larval bullfrog (Rana catesbeiana) isolated brain stems. 7-NI treatment (0.0625-0...

..3alpha(1) with auxiliary subunits and synaptic proteins, that may contribute to the distinct properties of the DHP-sensitive channels in hair cells...

..These results suggest that the basolateral Cl- conductance of the larval skin is mediated by a channel with properties that resemble a volume-sensing outward-rectifier anion channel that has been described in a variety of cell types..

..At this dose of caffeine, extra-junctional sources of Ca2+ release also were observed occasionally...

..We suggest that in bipolar terminals, active zones, Ca entry sites, and synaptic ribbons all colocalize, but also that a significant number of vesicles can fuse outside active zones and, hence, independently of synaptic ribbons...

..This in vivo potentiation lasted for 40-90 min, suggesting a post-SD enhancement of synaptic transmission, which may be important in understanding mechanisms of brain disfunctions like epilepsy...

..Ca2+]i and survival of a mixed population of isolated cells from the forebrain of North American bullfrog Rana catesbeiana tadpoles...

..We conclude that the resting membrane potential of frog taste cells is continuously hyperpolarized by on average -9 mV by an approximately 10-Hz tonic discharge from the parasympathetic preganglionic neurons in the medulla oblongata...

..between hormone metabolism, hormone-receptor interactions and hormone action in developing amphibian species: Rana catesbeiana and Ambystoma mexicanum...

..it is essential for all post-embryonic stages of development and metamorphosis, and in this laboratory the Rana catesbeiana (RC) tadpole has proved to be an excellent vertebrate model in which to study the actions of TH in ..

..contribute to the understanding of central respiratory chemoreceptor function and development in the larval Rana catesbeiana brainstem...

..We wish to determine major structural features of the various immunoglobulins in the bullfrog, Rana catesbeiana, especially to determine similarities and differences from mammalian immunoglobulins...

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..We will also determine whether the presumed population of type-L neurons differs from nature sensory neurons in the functional differentiation. ..

..Together, the experiments in this proposal will allow us to determine how lipids regulate transduction and adaptation. ..

..If re-expression of PMCA2 in hair cells rescues auditory function in these otherwise PMCA2-deficient mice, the key location of PMCA2 in the ear must be the hair cell. ..

..This project is an essential first step in understanding what makes up a hair bundle. ..

..Genes will be compared with those implicated in normal development and with models incapable of CNS regeneration. ..

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..Studying the lamprey genome is a touchstone for understanding genes that arose in the vertebrates and offers an innovative approach to therapeutic research. ..

..The proposed research will enable us to develop strategies to prevent the entry of aminoglycosides into the inner ear fluids and therefore ototoxic sequelae, particularly life-long deafness, tinnitus and vestibular deficits. ..

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..It is anticipated that a long-term collaboration will be established between the Fellow and the Sponsor, further helping to track these students to research careers at a major doctoral granting institution. ..

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..Together, the experiments in this proposal will allow us to determine how lipids regulate transduction and adaptation. ..

..The complex of proteins in hair cells that transduce sound are still largely unknown; the goal of this project is to identify and characterize them, as they are essential for hearing. ..

..The complex of proteins in hair cells that transduce sound are still largely unknown; the goal of this project is to identify and characterize them, as they are essential for hearing. ..