blood borne pathogens

Summary

Summary: Infectious organisms in the BLOOD, of which the predominant medical interest is their contamination of blood-soiled linens, towels, gowns, BANDAGES, other items from individuals in risk categories, NEEDLES and other sharp objects, MEDICAL WASTE and DENTAL WASTE, all of which health workers are exposed to. This concept is differentiated from the clinical conditions of BACTEREMIA; VIREMIA; and FUNGEMIA where the organism is present in the blood of a patient as the result of a natural infectious process.

Top Publications

  1. ncbi Occupational exposure to blood and risk of bloodborne virus infection among health care workers in rural north Indian health care settings
    Michelle Kermode
    School of Population Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
    Am J Infect Control 33:34-41. 2005
  2. ncbi The cost-effectiveness of policies for the safe and appropriate use of injection in healthcare settings
    Gerald Dziekan
    Department of Blood Safety and Clinical Technology, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland
    Bull World Health Organ 81:277-85. 2003
  3. ncbi Unsafe injections in the developing world and transmission of bloodborne pathogens: a review
    L Simonsen
    World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland
    Bull World Health Organ 77:789-800. 1999
  4. ncbi Transmission of human herpesvirus 8 by blood transfusion
    Wolfgang Hladik
    Global Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome Program, National Center for Human Immunodeficiency Virus, Sexually Transmitted Diseases, and Tuberculosis Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Entebbe, Uganda
    N Engl J Med 355:1331-8. 2006
  5. ncbi Risk and management of blood-borne infections in health care workers
    E M Beltrami
    HIV Infections Branch, Hospital Infections Program, National Center for Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Public Health Service, U S Department of Health and Human Services, Atlanta, Georgia 30333, USA
    Clin Microbiol Rev 13:385-407. 2000
  6. ncbi Unsafe injections in low-income country health settings: need for injection safety promotion to prevent the spread of blood-borne viruses
    Michelle Kermode
    Deakin University, Burwood, Victoria, Australia
    Health Promot Int 19:95-103. 2004
  7. ncbi Percutaneous injury, blood exposure, and adherence to standard precautions: are hospital-based health care providers still at risk?
    Bradley N Doebbeling
    Program in Health Services Research, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
    Clin Infect Dis 37:1006-13. 2003
  8. ncbi Risk of exposure to bloodborne infection for Italian healthcare workers, by job category and work area. Studio Italiano Rischio Occupazionale da HIV Group
    V Puro
    Centro di Riferimento AIDS, National Institute for Infectious Diseases--IRCCS Lazzaro Spallanzani, Rome, Italy
    Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 22:206-10. 2001
  9. ncbi Seroprevalence of human immunodeficiency virus, hepatitis B and C viruses and syphilis infections among blood donors at the Muhimbili National Hospital in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
    Mecky I N Matee
    Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Muhimbili University College of Health Sciences, PO Box 65001, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
    BMC Public Health 6:21. 2006
  10. ncbi Benefits of minocycline and rifampin-impregnated central venous catheters. A prospective, randomized, double-blind, controlled, multicenter trial
    Cristóbal León
    Intensive Care Unit, Hospital Universitario de Valme, Universidad de Sevilla, Carretera de Cádiz s n, 41014 Sevilla, Spain
    Intensive Care Med 30:1891-9. 2004

Research Grants

  1. Vaccines for Sustainable Therapy of Opiate Addiction
    Frank M Orson; Fiscal Year: 2010
  2. EXPOSURE TO BLOOD AMONG NON-HOSPITAL HEALTH CARE WORKERS
    Jack Leiss; Fiscal Year: 2002
  3. Pulse CO-Oximeter for Multiple Hemoglobin Species
    JONAS POLOGE; Fiscal Year: 2007
  4. B Cell Subsets as Antigen-presenting Cells in Peripheral Self-tolerance
    David Parker; Fiscal Year: 2007
  5. B Cell Subsets as Antigen-presenting Cells in Peripheral Self-tolerance
    David C Parker; Fiscal Year: 2010
  6. Male IDUs in Viet Nam: Ethno-Epidemiology of HIV Risk
    Michael Clatts; Fiscal Year: 2006
  7. Multiplexed Detection of Bioterror Agents
    Francis Barany; Fiscal Year: 2004
  8. Extended Work Schedules and Workplace Injury in Nurses
    Alison Trinkoff; Fiscal Year: 2004
  9. Identification of vaccine antigens based on expression in blood
    PETER TRIP BEERNINK; Fiscal Year: 2010
  10. Identification of vaccine antigens based on expression in blood
    PETER BEERNINK; Fiscal Year: 2009

Detail Information

Publications201 found, 100 shown here

  1. ncbi Occupational exposure to blood and risk of bloodborne virus infection among health care workers in rural north Indian health care settings
    Michelle Kermode
    School of Population Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
    Am J Infect Control 33:34-41. 2005
    ..In contrast, the situation for HCWs in low-income countries is not well documented, and their health and safety remains a neglected issue...
  2. ncbi The cost-effectiveness of policies for the safe and appropriate use of injection in healthcare settings
    Gerald Dziekan
    Department of Blood Safety and Clinical Technology, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland
    Bull World Health Organ 81:277-85. 2003
    ....
  3. ncbi Unsafe injections in the developing world and transmission of bloodborne pathogens: a review
    L Simonsen
    World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland
    Bull World Health Organ 77:789-800. 1999
    ..This situation needs to be addressed immediately, as a political and policy issue, with responsibilities clearly defined at the global, country and community levels...
  4. ncbi Transmission of human herpesvirus 8 by blood transfusion
    Wolfgang Hladik
    Global Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome Program, National Center for Human Immunodeficiency Virus, Sexually Transmitted Diseases, and Tuberculosis Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Entebbe, Uganda
    N Engl J Med 355:1331-8. 2006
    ..2%; P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: This study provides strong evidence that HHV-8 is transmitted by blood transfusion. The risk may be diminished as the period of blood storage increases...
  5. ncbi Risk and management of blood-borne infections in health care workers
    E M Beltrami
    HIV Infections Branch, Hospital Infections Program, National Center for Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Public Health Service, U S Department of Health and Human Services, Atlanta, Georgia 30333, USA
    Clin Microbiol Rev 13:385-407. 2000
    ..A sustained commitment to the occupational health of all HCWs will ensure maximum protection for HCWs and patients and the availability of optimal medical care for all who need it...
  6. ncbi Unsafe injections in low-income country health settings: need for injection safety promotion to prevent the spread of blood-borne viruses
    Michelle Kermode
    Deakin University, Burwood, Victoria, Australia
    Health Promot Int 19:95-103. 2004
    ....
  7. ncbi Percutaneous injury, blood exposure, and adherence to standard precautions: are hospital-based health care providers still at risk?
    Bradley N Doebbeling
    Program in Health Services Research, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
    Clin Infect Dis 37:1006-13. 2003
    ..New strategies for preventing exposures, training, and monitoring adherence are needed...
  8. ncbi Risk of exposure to bloodborne infection for Italian healthcare workers, by job category and work area. Studio Italiano Rischio Occupazionale da HIV Group
    V Puro
    Centro di Riferimento AIDS, National Institute for Infectious Diseases--IRCCS Lazzaro Spallanzani, Rome, Italy
    Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 22:206-10. 2001
    ..Job- and area-specific exposure rates permit monitoring of the effectiveness of targeted interventions and control measures over time...
  9. ncbi Seroprevalence of human immunodeficiency virus, hepatitis B and C viruses and syphilis infections among blood donors at the Muhimbili National Hospital in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
    Mecky I N Matee
    Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Muhimbili University College of Health Sciences, PO Box 65001, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
    BMC Public Health 6:21. 2006
    ..Most of the donated blood is screened for HIV alone...
  10. ncbi Benefits of minocycline and rifampin-impregnated central venous catheters. A prospective, randomized, double-blind, controlled, multicenter trial
    Cristóbal León
    Intensive Care Unit, Hospital Universitario de Valme, Universidad de Sevilla, Carretera de Cádiz s n, 41014 Sevilla, Spain
    Intensive Care Med 30:1891-9. 2004
    ..To determine the efficacy of minocycline and rifampin-impregnated catheters compared to non-impregnated catheters in critically ill patients...
  11. ncbi Hospital bloodborne pathogens programs: program characteristics and blood and body fluid exposure rates
    S E Beekmann
    Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa College of Medicine, Iowa City, USA
    Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 22:73-82. 2001
    ..Healthcare workers clearly remain at risk for injury. Further effective interventions are needed for employee training, improving adherence, and providing needlestick prevention devices...
  12. ncbi Estimation of the risk of bloodborne pathogens to health care workers after a needlestick injury in Taiwan
    J Shiao
    Department of Nursing, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
    Am J Infect Control 30:15-20. 2002
    ....
  13. ncbi Injection use in two districts of Pakistan: implications for disease prevention
    Naveed Zafar Janjua
    Department of Com, munity Health Sciences, Aga Khan University, Stadium Road, Karachi 74800, Pakistan
    Int J Qual Health Care 17:401-8. 2005
    ..To estimate the annual number of injections per person in Sindh province of Pakistan and to describe their distribution with regard to prescribers, settings, and safety...
  14. ncbi Transfusion-transmitted malaria in the United States from 1963 through 1999
    M Mungai
    Division of Parasitic Diseases, National Center for Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30341, USA
    N Engl J Med 344:1973-8. 2001
    ..CONCLUSIONS: Careful screening of donors according to the recommended exclusion guidelines remains the best way to prevent transfusion-transmitted malaria...
  15. ncbi Estimation of the global burden of disease attributable to contaminated sharps injuries among health-care workers
    Annette Prüss-Ustün
    Protection of the Human Environment, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland
    Am J Ind Med 48:482-90. 2005
    ..The global burden of hepatitis B (HBV), hepatitis C (HCV), and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection due to percutaneous injuries among health care workers (HCWs) is estimated...
  16. ncbi Blood and body fluid exposure risks among health care workers: results from the Duke Health and Safety Surveillance System
    John M Dement
    Department of Community and Family Medicine, Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27705, USA
    Am J Ind Med 46:637-48. 2004
    ..Utilizing a new comprehensive occupational health surveillance system, the objective of this research was to better define the BBF exposure risk and risk factors among employees of a large tertiary medical center...
  17. ncbi Community-based programs for safe disposal of used needles and syringes
    G E Macalino
    Department of Epidemiology, The Johns Hopkins School of Hygiene and Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, USA
    J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr Hum Retrovirol 18:S111-9. 1998
    ..To review issues related to discarded syringes in the community and to describe community-based programs for the safe disposal of used needles and syringes...
  18. ncbi Preventing blood-borne infections through pharmacy syringe sales and safe community syringe disposal
    T Stephen Jones
    Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention, Intervention, Research, and Support, National Center for HIV, STD and TB Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30333, USA
    J Am Pharm Assoc (Wash) 42:S6-9. 2002
  19. ncbi Reducing percutaneous injuries at an academic health center: a 5-year review
    Marcia Trapé-Cardoso
    Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, USA
    Am J Infect Control 32:301-5. 2004
    ....
  20. ncbi Compliance with universal precautions among health care workers at three regional hospitals
    R R Gershon
    Department of Environmental Health Science, Johns Hopkins University, The School of Hygiene and Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205 2179, USA
    Am J Infect Control 23:225-36. 1995
    ..Several modifiable variables were identified, and intervention programs that address as many of these factors as possible will probably succeed in facilitating employee compliance...
  21. ncbi Incidence of bloodborne virus infection and risk behaviours in a cohort of injecting drug users in Victoria, 1990-1995
    N Crofts
    Epidemiology and Social Research Unit, Macfarlane Burnet Centre for Medical Research, Melbourne, Vic
    Med J Aust 167:17-20. 1997
    ..To assess changes in risk behaviours for transmission of bloodborne viruses and incidences and prevalences of these viruses in a field-recruited cohort of injecting drug users...
  22. ncbi Bloodborne pathogens. What you need to know--Part I
    Katherine T Twitchell
    Occupational Health Services, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
    AAOHN J 51:38-45; quiz 46-7. 2003
    ..The general prevalence, risk groups, prophylaxis, and treatment of HBV, HCV, and HIV are elaborated. Common blood tests for each of these pathogens are also explained...
  23. ncbi Occupational exposure to hepatitis C virus infection
    Diana Ng
    Brown Medical School, Providence, RI, USA
    Med Health R I 86:165-7. 2003
  24. ncbi HIV post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP)--effect on management of bloodborne pathogen exposures in the health care environment
    Paula DesRoches
    Employee Health Services, Emory Healthcare, Atlanta, GA, USA
    AAOHN J 51:370-2. 2003
  25. ncbi Health care workers' action strategies in situations that involve a risk of blood exposure
    Ulla Britt Lymer
    Department of Health and Environment, Division of Clinical Microbiology and Infection Control, Faculty of Health Sciences, Linkoping University, Sweden
    J Clin Nurs 12:660-7. 2003
    ..The process of managing this conflict is labelled 'balancing', which most often results in the choice of a diagnosis-related strategy...
  26. ncbi Blood and body fluid exposure and risk to health care workers
    Afia Zafar
    J Pak Med Assoc 56:428-9. 2006
  27. ncbi Occupationally acquired human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection: national case surveillance data during 20 years of the HIV epidemic in the United States
    Ann N Do
    Surveillance Branch, Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention, National Center for HIV, STD, and TB Prevention, Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Road NE, MS E-47, Atlanta, GA 30333, USA
    Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 24:86-96. 2003
    ..Technologic advances (eg, safety-engineered devices) may further enhance safety in the healthcare workplace...
  28. ncbi A comprehensive approach to percutaneous injury prevention during phlebotomy: results of a multicenter study, 1993-1995
    Francisco Alvarado-Ramy
    Division of Healthcare Quality Promotion, National Center for Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia 30333, USA
    Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 24:97-104. 2003
    ..The implementation of ESIPDs is a useful measure in a comprehensive program to reduce percutaneous injuries associated with phlebotomy procedures...
  29. ncbi Post-exposure prophylaxis for blood borne viral infections in healthcare workers
    G M Varghese
    Department of Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Christian Medical College, Vellore, India
    Postgrad Med J 79:324-8. 2003
    ..Healthcare workers have to be educated about post-exposure prophylaxis and each institution needs to adopt a clear protocol...
  30. ncbi Practice of universal precautions among healthcare workers
    Wilson E Sadoh
    Department of Child Health, University of Benin, Nigeria
    J Natl Med Assoc 98:722-6. 2006
    ..Compliance with universal precautions has been shown to reduce the risk of exposure to blood and body fluids. This study was aimed at assessing the observance of universal precautions by HCWs in Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria...
  31. ncbi Needlestick injuries among medical students
    J Megan M Patterson
    Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
    Am J Infect Control 31:226-30. 2003
    ..CONCLUSION: Medical students have a high risk for needlestick injuries, and attention should be directed to protection strategies against bloodborne pathogens...
  32. ncbi [Risk bloodborne infections in health care workers]
    Bartosz Bilski
    Z Katedry Profilaktyki Zdrowotnej, Akademii Medycznej im K Marcinkowskiego w Poznaniu
    Med Pr 57:375-9. 2006
    ..Therefore, it is essential to draw special attention to under- and post-graduate programs covering all medical professions, in which the problem of occupational and hospital infections should be an obligatory element of training...
  33. ncbi Management of occupational exposure to hepatitis B, hepatitis C, and human immunodeficiency virus
    Helene Bednarsh
    Boston Public Health Commission, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
    Compend Contin Educ Dent 23:561-6, 568-9; quiz 570. 2002
    ..In addition, the CDC's updated guidelines for postexposure management will be reviewed...
  34. ncbi New guidelines for occupational exposure to blood-borne viruses
    Francisco Alvarado-Ramy
    Epidemic Intelligence Service, Division of Applied Public Health Training, Epidemiology Program Office, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30333, USA
    Cleve Clin J Med 70:457-65. 2003
    ....
  35. ncbi Healthcare workers' knowledge of inoculation injuries and glove use
    Joanna C Trim
    Department of Clinical Microbiology and Infection Control, University Hospital, Birmingham
    Br J Nurs 12:215-21. 2003
    ..However, efficacy of such programmes must be reviewed, alternative strategies evaluated, and the cause of HCWs' limited knowledge determined...
  36. ncbi [HIV infection under laboratory conditions]
    Maria Ganczak
    Z Zakładu Higieny, Epidemiologii i Zdrowia Publicznego, Pomorskiej Akademii Medycznej w Szczecinie
    Med Pr 57:353-8. 2006
    ..The lack of efficient, multifaceted legislation covering all aspects of occupational exposure to blood-borne pathogens, still observed in Poland, is stressed...
  37. ncbi Prevention and management of occupational exposures to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)
    David P Calfee
    Department of Medicine, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY 10029, USA
    Mt Sinai J Med 73:852-6. 2006
    ..can substantially reduce the risk of transmission of HIV. In this article, the basic concepts of exposure prevention and management are reviewed...
  38. ncbi Assessment of occupational exposure to human immunodeficiency virus and hepatitis C virus in a referral hospital in Burundi, Central Africa
    Francoise Le Pont
    Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 24:717-8. 2003
  39. ncbi Variation in blood and body fluids exposure when small-gauge needles or peripheral venous catheters were implicated: results of a 4-year surveillance in France
    François L'heriteau
    Coordinating Center for Nosocomial Infections Control, Paris, France
    Am J Infect Control 34:215-7. 2006
    ..We observed that the BBFE incidence per 100,000 peripheral venous catheters purchased decreased from 12.9 to 4.9, whereas incidence per 100,000 subcutaneous needles purchased increased from 8.7 to 14.3...
  40. ncbi [Double gloving in reducing the interoperative risk of blood borne pathogens]
    Maria Ganczak
    Zakład Higieny i Epidemiologii, Pomorska Akademia Medyczna w Szczecinie
    Chir Narzadow Ruchu Ortop Pol 69:249-54. 2004
    ..17) in failure rates. The authors conclude double gloving during orthopaedic procedures and changing the gloves every 2 hours may significantly reduce the operating room personnel's risk of exposure to blood borne pathogens.
  41. ncbi Strategies for preventing sharps injuries in the operating room
    Ramon Berguer
    Contra Costa Regional Medical Center, Department of Surgery, 2500 Alhambra Avenue, Martinez, CA 94553, USA
    Surg Clin North Am 85:1299-305, xiii. 2005
    ..The article also provides related sources for further information...
  42. ncbi Occupational exposure to bloodborne viruses in the Amsterdam police force, 2000-2003
    Gerard J B Sonder
    GG and GD Amsterdam, Municipal Health Service Amsterdam, Department of Infectious Diseases, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
    Am J Prev Med 28:169-74. 2005
    ..To assess and evaluate the rate and outcome of occupational exposure to hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV), and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in the Amsterdam police force...
  43. ncbi Accidental exposure to biological material in healthcare workers at a university hospital: Evaluation and follow-up of 404 cases
    Eliana Battaggia Gutierrez
    Division of Infectious Diseases of the Hospital das Clínicas School of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, Brazil
    Scand J Infect Dis 37:295-300. 2005
    ..Analysis of post-exposure management revealed excess prescription of antiretroviral drugs, vaccine and immunoglobulin. Infection by HCV is the most important risk of concern, in our hospital, in accidents with biological material...
  44. ncbi Prevalence of blood-borne pathogens in an urban, university-based general surgical practice
    Eric S Weiss
    Department of Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21224, USA
    Ann Surg 241:803-7; discussion 807-9. 2005
    ..Given the high incidence of these infections, strategies such as sharpless surgical techniques should be evaluated and implemented to protect surgeons from blood-borne pathogens...
  45. ncbi Effectiveness of protocols for preventing occupational exposure to blood and body fluids in Dutch hospitals
    J van Gemert-Pijnen
    Department of Communication Studies, Faculty of Behavioural Sciences, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands
    J Hosp Infect 62:166-73. 2006
    ....
  46. ncbi Occupational blood and body fluid exposure in an Australian teaching hospital
    P Bi
    Department of Public Health, The University of Adelaide, and Occupational Health and Safety Unit, Flinders Medical Centre, Adelaide, SA, Australia
    Epidemiol Infect 134:465-71. 2006
    ..1%). This study indicated that emphasis on work practice, attire, disposal systems and education strategies, as well as the use of safety sharps should be employed to reduce work-related injuries among HCWs in Australia...
  47. ncbi Occupational blood-borne diseases in surgery
    Donald E Fry
    Department of Surgery, 1 University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA
    Am J Surg 190:249-54. 2005
    ..The actual risk and frequency of operating room transmission remains poorly understood by many surgeons...
  48. ncbi Bloodborne infections: should they be disclosed? Is differential treatment necessary?
    Christine Kukka
    Parents of Kids with Infectious Diseases PKIDs, Scarborough, ME, USA
    J Sch Nurs 20:324-30. 2004
    ..It suggests strategies school nurses can employ to protect the civil rights, privacy, and health of all students and school staff...
  49. ncbi [Use of preventive strategies by surgeons and HIV exposure]
    Maria Ganczak
    Zakładu Higieny i Epidemiologii, Pomorskiej Akademii Medycznej w Szczecinie
    Wiad Lek 57:221-8. 2004
    ..Improving the comfort of barrier precautions and making them available may also increase the compliance with protection against HIV in the operation room...
  50. ncbi Occupational blood and body fluids exposures in health care workers: four-year surveillance from the Northern France network
    Amaud Tarantola
    CCLIN Paris-Nord, , , 75006 Paris, France
    Am J Infect Control 31:357-63. 2003
    ..These findings are similar to those in other countries and reflect the overall improvement in the management of occupational risk of BBF in health care workers...
  51. ncbi Occupational exposures to human immunodeficiency virus, hepatitis B virus, and hepatitis C virus: risk, prevention, and management
    Jennifer L Cleveland
    Division of Oral Health, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Mailstop F 10, 4770 Buford Highway, Chamblee, GA 30341, USA
    Dent Clin North Am 47:681-96. 2003
    ..Finally, resources should be available that permit rapid access to clinical care, testing, counseling, and PEP for exposed DHCP and the testing and counseling of source patients...
  52. ncbi Bloodborne pathogen exposure in the OR--what research has taught us and where we need to go
    David L Taylor
    US Army OR Specialist Course, Ft Sam Houston, San Antonio, TX, USA
    AORN J 83:834-8, 841-6; quiz 849-52. 2006
    ..This article discusses mechanisms of bloodborne pathogen transmission, compliance with standard guidelines, and the social and economic costs of contracting a bloodborne illness. Steps to ensure that HCWs are protected also are outlined...
  53. ncbi [Accidental exposure to blood by midwives in French maternity units: results of the national surveillance 2003]
    A Vincent
    Centre de Coordination de la Lutte contre les Infections Nosocomiales (C. CLIN) Sud-Est, Pavillon 1M, Centre Hospitalier Lyon-Sud,
    J Gynecol Obstet Biol Reprod (Paris) 35:247-56. 2006
    ..CONCLUSION: Improving knowledge of risk as well as promotion of protection/prevention measures well adapted to this profession should be helpful in optimizing future attitudes...
  54. ncbi Preventing cross infection of blood borne viruses on haemodialysis
    K Nilsson
    Renal Professional Development Sister, UCL Hospitals NHS Trust, London, UK
    EDTNA ERCA J 30:23-6. 2004
    ..A local protocol was subsequently developed and implemented at the author's Trust, which will significantly change practice in the haemodialysis unit...
  55. ncbi [Serologic testing after needlestick incidents in hospitals. A questionnaire study]
    Mette Graversen
    Medicinsk Afdeling M, Gastroenterologisk Sektion, Amtssygehuset i Glostrup
    Ugeskr Laeger 166:592-5. 2004
  56. ncbi [The level of knowledge of post-exposure prohylaxis of blood-borne infections at the workplace observed in nurses]
    Bartosz Bilski
    Katedry Profilaktyki Zdrowotnej, Akademii Medycznej im K Marcinkowskiego w Poznaniu
    Med Pr 56:375-8. 2005
    ..Nurses belong to the occupational group that is especially exposed to risk of blood-borne infections. The aim of this study was to assess their knowledge of post-exposure prophylaxis of HIV, HBV and HCV...
  57. ncbi Blood exposure: factors promoting health care workers' compliance with guidelines in connection with risk
    Ulla Britt Lymer
    Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Linkoping University, Linkoping, Sweden
    J Clin Nurs 13:547-54. 2004
    ..Socialization into infection control, routinization, stereotyping, perceptions of patients' wishes and the presence of competing values and norms are examples of such forces...
  58. ncbi Occupational post-exposure HIV prophylaxis
    Gary Maartens
    Division of Clinical Pharmacology, University of Cape Town
    S Afr Med J 94:626-7. 2004
  59. ncbi Protection of healthcare workers from bloodborne pathogens
    Susan E Beekmann
    Department of Pathology, The University of Iowa College of Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
    Curr Opin Infect Dis 18:331-6. 2005
    ..Nonetheless, a substantial number of parenteral exposures continue to occur. Updated developments are summarized here, and recommendations for the protection of healthcare workers from bloodborne pathogens are provided...
  60. ncbi Potential exposure to hepatitis C virus through accidental blood contact in interventional radiology
    Nadège Baffoy-Fayard
    Inter regional Center for Nosocomial Infection Control, Hospital European Georges Pompidou, Villejuif, France
    J Vasc Interv Radiol 14:173-9. 2003
    ..To quantify the prevalence of accidental blood exposure (ABE) among interventional radiologists and contrast that with the prevalence of patients with hepatitis C virus (HCV) undergoing interventional radiology procedures...
  61. ncbi Prevalence and risk factors for bloodborne exposure and infection in correctional healthcare workers
    Robyn R M Gershon
    Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
    Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 28:24-30. 2007
    ..Design. Cross-sectional risk assessment study with a confidential questionnaire and serological testing performed during 1999-2000...
  62. ncbi Bloodborne pathogen exposures in a developmental center: 1993-2000
    G S Lohiya
    Fairview Developmental Center, Costa Mesa, California 92626, USA
    Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 22:382-5. 2001
    ..Proper follow-up of all potential exposures is crucial to identify transmission promptly, allay anxiety, and prevent unwarranted workmen's compensation claims. Measures are suggested to reduce exposure further...
  63. ncbi [Guideline 'Needlestick injuries': risk assessment and post-exposure management in practice]
    W L M Ruijs
    Rijksinstituut voor Volksgezondheid en Milieu, Centrum Infectieziektebestrijding, Interne postbak 13, Bilthoven
    Ned Tijdschr Geneeskd 152:1967-71. 2008
    ..Antiretroviral postexposure prophylaxis is advised for high-risk injuries with a HIV seropositive source or a source belonging to a risk group for HIV...
  64. ncbi The management of occupational exposures to blood and body fluids: revised guidelines and new methods of implementation
    David L Schriger
    UCLA Emergency Medicine Center, UCLA School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA
    Ann Emerg Med 39:319-21. 2002
  65. ncbi Abridged version of the updated US Public Health Service guidelines for the management of occupational exposures to hepatitis B virus, hepatitis C virus, and human immunodeficiency virus and recommendations for postexposure prophylaxis
    Vladislav J Mikulich
    UCLA Emergency Medicine Center, UCLA School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA
    Ann Emerg Med 39:321-8. 2002
  66. ncbi Risk and prevention of transmission of infectious diseases in dentistry
    Marcelo W B Araujo
    Department of Periodontology and Endodontics, State University of New York at Buffalo, School of Dental Medicine, 3435 Main Street, 250 Squire Hall, Buffalo, New York 14214, USA
    Quintessence Int 33:376-82. 2002
    ..Such efforts may lead to the development of safer and more effective medical devices, work practices, and personal protective equipment...
  67. ncbi Awareness of post-exposure prophylaxis guidelines against occupational exposure to HIV in a Mumbai hospital
    N L Chogle
    Department of Anaesthesia, Critical Care and Pain, Tata Memorial Centre, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
    Natl Med J India 15:69-72. 2002
    ..CONCLUSION: There is surprisingly poor knowledge of post-exposure prophylaxis against HIV. Ongoing awareness and training programmes are necessary to improve the same...
  68. ncbi Occupational risk of blood-borne viruses in healthcare workers: a 5-year surveillance program
    Vincenzo Baldo
    Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Institute of Hygiene, University of Padua, Italy
    Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 23:325-7. 2002
    ..7 [+/- 1.6] years), there was no increase in transaminases or seroconversions to any of the viral markers. CONCLUSION: Our accurate postexposure follow-up revealed a lack of transmission of HBV, HCV, and HIV...
  69. ncbi Needle stick injuries--risk from blood contact in dialysis
    A Wittmann
    Bergische Universitat Wuppertal, Germany
    J Ren Care 33:70-3. 2007
    ..The protection of health care workers is of prime importance and this paper will discuss the most successful methods of protection. The paper will examine briefly the cost of these protective measures...
  70. ncbi Differences between hospital- and community-acquired blood exposure incidents revealed by a regional expert counseling center
    P Th L van Wijk
    Department of Medical Microbiology en Infection Control, Jeroen Bosch Hospital, POB 90153, 5211 ME, s-Hertogenbosch, The Netherlands
    Infection 34:17-21. 2006
    ..Blood-exposure prevention programs should aim at a reduction of high-risk incidents within hospitals, and at increasing the awareness for vaccination and early reporting within the community setting...
  71. ncbi Quantifying and reducing the risk of bloodborne pathogen exposure
    B Stringer
    Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario
    AORN J 73:1135-40, 1142-3, 1145-6; quiz 1147-8, 1151-4. 2001
    ....
  72. ncbi Bloodborne pathogen exposure and recommendations for management
    Alan D Tice
    Department of Internal Medicine, John A Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, USA
    J Infus Nurs 25:S5-9. 2002
    ..This article will focus on those agents as they pose the greatest known threats and offer the potential for intervention...
  73. ncbi Post-exposure prophylaxis
    Marchina E van der Ende
    Department of Internal Medicine, Eramus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
    Int J STD AIDS 13:30-4. 2002
    ..e. nephrolithiasis (due to indinavir) and toxic hepatitis (due to nevirapine). In The Netherlands so far no HIV-seroconversions have been recorded after an occupational accident...
  74. ncbi Occupational risk of blood-borne viruses in healthcare workers
    Frank Van Laer
    Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 23:712. 2002
  75. ncbi Occupational exposure to the risk of HIV infection among health care workers in Mwanza Region, United Republic of Tanzania
    B Gumodoka
    Bugando Medical Centre, Mwanza, United Republic of Tanzania
    Bull World Health Organ 75:133-40. 1997
    ..Reduction of occupational risk of HIV infection among health workers should be an integral part of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) control strategies...
  76. ncbi Prevalence of safer needle devices and factors associated with their adoption: results of a national hospital survey
    Raymond C Sinclair
    Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Cincinnati, OH 45226, USA
    Public Health Rep 117:340-9. 2002
    ..S. hospitals and on the degree to which selected factors influence the use of this technology...
  77. ncbi [Occupational exposure prevention(needlestick injuries) to blood and body fluid]
    Kiyoshi Kidouchi
    Department of Microbiology, Nagoya City Public Health Research Institute
    Nippon Rinsho 60:2137-43. 2002
  78. ncbi Non-hospital based registered nurses and the risk of bloodborne pathogen exposure
    Robyn R M Gershon
    Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
    Ind Health 45:695-704. 2007
    ..Intervention research is warranted to evaluate improved risk reduction practices tailored to this population of RNs...
  79. ncbi Broad-spectrum virus reduction in red cell concentrates using INACTINE PEN110 chemistry
    A Lazo
    V I Technologies, Inc, 134 Coolidge Avenue, Watertown, MA 02472, USA
    Vox Sang 83:313-23. 2002
    ..The purpose of this study was to characterize the virucidal effectiveness of the INACTINE PEN110 chemistry in full units of RBCC by using a panel of viruses with diverse properties in composition, size and shape...
  80. ncbi Risk of blood contamination of health care workers in spine surgery. A study of 324 cases
    D A Wong
    University of Colorado, Denver, USA
    Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 23:1261-6. 1998
    ..There was no higher risk for skin penetrating injury. Analysis of data suggests that health care workers always should wear double gloves, forearm-reinforced gowns, and eye protection...
  81. ncbi The role of needle exchange programs in HIV prevention
    D Vlahov
    Department of Epidemiology, John Hopkins School of Hygiene and Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
    Public Health Rep 113:75-80. 1998
    ..NEPs do not result in increased drug use among participants or the recruitment of first-time drug users...
  82. ncbi Guideline for Prevention of Surgical Site Infection, 1999. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) Hospital Infection Control Practices Advisory Committee
    A J Mangram
    Hospital Infections Program, National Center for Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Public Health Service, US Department of Health and Human Services, Atlanta, Georgia 30333, USA
    Am J Infect Control 27:97-132; quiz 133-4; discussion 96. 1999
    ..g., laparoscopic cholecystectomy). Recommend specific antiseptic agents for patient preoperative skin preparations or for healthcare worker hand/forearm antisepsis. Hospitals should choose from products recommended for these activitie..
  83. ncbi Transmission of hepatitis B, hepatitis C and human immunodeficiency viruses through unsafe injections in the developing world: model-based regional estimates
    A Kane
    Trinity College, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
    Bull World Health Organ 77:801-7. 1999
    ..Our results suggest that unsafe injections may lead to a high number of infections with bloodborne pathogens. A major initiative is therefore needed to improve injection safety and decrease injection overuse in many countries...
  84. ncbi Transmission of HIV, hepatitis B virus, and other bloodborne pathogens in health care settings: a review of risk factors and guidelines for prevention. World Health Organization
    D J Hu
    Global Programme on AIDS, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland
    Bull World Health Organ 69:623-30. 1991
    ....
  85. ncbi Prevalence of hepatitis B virus markers among blood donors in a tertiary hospital in Tabuk, northwestern Saudi Arabia
    Kamel E El Beltagy
    Department of Infection Prevention and Control, King Abdulaziz Medical City, PO Box 22490, Riyadh 11426, Saudi Arabia
    Int J Infect Dis 12:495-9. 2008
    ..This study was carried out to determine the prevalence of hepatitis B virus (HBV) markers among blood donors in a tertiary hospital in Tabuk, northwestern Saudi Arabia...
  86. ncbi Percutaneous injuries among dental professionals in Washington State
    Syed M Shah
    Department of Community Health and Epidemiology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
    BMC Public Health 6:269. 2006
    ..This study was conducted to identify the circumstances and equipment related to percutaneous injuries among dental professionals...
  87. ncbi Evidence-based spectrum of antimicrobial activity for disinfection of bronchoscopes
    Constanze Wendt
    Hygiene Institut, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
    J Hosp Infect 70:60-8. 2008
    ..The aim of this analysis is to define those micro-organisms that may contaminate the bronchoscope during the examination and that may cause disease in other patients...
  88. ncbi Protein replacement therapy and gene transfer in canine models of hemophilia A, hemophilia B, von willebrand disease, and factor VII deficiency
    Timothy C Nichols
    Department of Pathology, Francis Owen Blood Research Laboratory, Laboratory Medicine at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC 27516 3114, USA
    ILAR J 50:144-67. 2009
    ....
  89. ncbi Plasma-derived biological medicines used to promote haemostasis
    Frederick A Ofosu
    Canadian Blood Services, Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, 1200 Main Street West, HSC 3N26, Hamilton, ON, Canada L8N 3Z5
    Thromb Haemost 99:851-62. 2008
    ..It also considers approaches employed to minimize infectivity of biological medicines derived from human and animal plasmas and to manage patients who develop antibodies (inhibitors) to clotting factor concentrate infusions...
  90. ncbi Advances toward gene therapy for hemophilia at the millennium
    R J Kaufman
    Department of Biological Chemistry and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor 48109 0650, USA
    Hum Gene Ther 10:2091-107. 1999
    ..In addition, several gene therapy clinical studies for the treatment of hemophilia A and B were initiated in 1999...
  91. ncbi The risks of occupational exposure and infection by human immunodeficiency virus, hepatitis B virus, and hepatitis C virus in the dialysis setting. Italian Multicenter Study on Nosocomial and Occupational Risk of Infections in Dialysis
    N Petrosillo
    Centro di Riferimento AIDS, Ospedale Malattie Infettive Lazzaro Spallanzani, Rome, Italy
    Am J Infect Control 23:278-85. 1995
    ..Needle designs incorporating safety features and improvements in dialysis equipment design are also needed to avoid potential exposure...
  92. ncbi Occupational exposure to blood and body fluids among Turkish nursing students during clinical practice training: frequency of needlestick/sharp injuries and hepatitis B immunisation
    Melek Serpil Talas
    Nursing Department, Ankara University Faculty of Health Sciences, Ankara, Turkey
    J Clin Nurs 18:1394-403. 2009
    ..To describe the rate of needlestick/sharp injuries in nursing students, to estimate the rate of vaccination administration and to define nursing students' status using universal precautions for protecting from blood-borne infections...
  93. ncbi Enriched immune-environment of blood-brain barrier deficient areas of normal adult rats
    E B Pedersen
    Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Odense, Denmark
    J Neuroimmunol 76:117-31. 1997
    ....
  94. ncbi Results of inspections in health hazard industries in a region of the state of Washington
    Don J Lofgren
    Division of Occupational Safety and Health, Labor and Industries, Tacoma, Washington 98402, USA
    J Occup Environ Hyg 5:367-79. 2008
    ..The results can be used for the planning of interventions in other regions and industries...
  95. ncbi In-use barrier integrity of gloves: latex and nitrile superior to vinyl
    A Rego
    Rego Dufresne Laboratories, Mission Viejo, CA, USA
    Am J Infect Control 27:405-10. 1999
    ..Careful consideration to the degree of barrier effectiveness should be given before glove selection when the potential exposure to bloodborne pathogens or biohazard risks is a concern...
  96. ncbi Rapid assessment of injection practices in Cambodia, 2002
    Sirenda Vong
    Division of Viral Hepatitis, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
    BMC Public Health 5:56. 2005
    ..0%), HCV (6.5%), and HIV (2.6%) infection in Cambodia have raised concern over injection safety. To estimate the magnitude and patterns of such practices, a rapid assessment of injection practices was conducted...
  97. ncbi Infection control guidelines for the cardiac catheterization laboratory: society guidelines revisited
    Charles E Chambers
    Hershey Medical Center, 500 University Drive H047, Division of Cardiology Hershey, PA 17033, USA
    Catheter Cardiovasc Interv 67:78-86. 2006
    ..Additionally, specific CDC recommendation sections highlight recommendations from other published guidelines...
  98. ncbi Human recombinant factor IX: safety and efficacy studies in hemophilia B patients previously treated with plasma-derived factor IX concentrates
    D A Roth
    Center for Hemostasis and Thrombosis Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
    Blood 98:3600-6. 2001
    ..Despite a lower recovery compared with pdFIX, rFIX controlled hemorrhage in a wide variety of settings and may provide a safety advantage in terms of risk from blood-borne pathogens...
  99. ncbi Health care workers' knowledge on HIV and AIDS: universal precautions and attitude towards PLWHA in Benin-City, Nigeria
    A O Aisien
    Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Benin Teaching Hospital, Benin City, Edo State
    Niger J Clin Pract 8:74-82. 2005
    ..The study was designed to test health care workers knowledge about HIV transmission, universal precautions and their attitude towards people living with HIV and AIDS...
  100. ncbi Prevalence of antibodies to syphilis among blood donors in Accra, Ghana
    Andrew Anthony Adjei
    Department of Pathology, University of Ghana Medical School, Accra, Ghana
    Jpn J Infect Dis 56:165-7. 2003
    ..In conclusion, our results indicate that syphilis is prevalent among healthy blood donors in Ghana, and that there is a need to introduce the screening of donated blood for syphilis in Ghana...
  101. ncbi [Occupational exposures to blood and body fluids among health care workers: a questionary survey]
    Ziya Kuruuzum
    Dokuz Eylul Universitesi Tip Fakultesi, Enfeksiyon Hastaliklari ve Klinik Mikrobiyoloji Anabilim Dali, Izmir
    Mikrobiyol Bul 42:61-9. 2008
    ..The results support the importance of the use of universal precautions and safety-enhanced devices, introducing effective training and efficient vaccination programs against HBV, in the clinical settings...

Research Grants75

  1. Vaccines for Sustainable Therapy of Opiate Addiction
    Frank M Orson; Fiscal Year: 2010
    ..of illicit opiate drug use, magnifying the health consequences of addiction through the spread of various blood borne pathogens. An especially attractive alternative approach to help treat opiate addiction is vaccination against these ..
  2. EXPOSURE TO BLOOD AMONG NON-HOSPITAL HEALTH CARE WORKERS
    Jack Leiss; Fiscal Year: 2002
    ..abstract_text> ..
  3. Pulse CO-Oximeter for Multiple Hemoglobin Species
    JONAS POLOGE; Fiscal Year: 2007
    ..This procedure involves several different health care workers, potentially exposes personnel to blood borne pathogens, takes minutes or even hours to get results, and provides only a single data point in time...
  4. B Cell Subsets as Antigen-presenting Cells in Peripheral Self-tolerance
    David Parker; Fiscal Year: 2007
    ..New methods to induce immunological tolerance will also have important applications in organ and tissue transplantation, gene therapy, and treatment of chronic infections. ..
  5. B Cell Subsets as Antigen-presenting Cells in Peripheral Self-tolerance
    David C Parker; Fiscal Year: 2010
    ..New methods to induce immunological tolerance will also have important applications in organ and tissue transplantation, gene therapy, and treatment of chronic infections. ..
  6. Male IDUs in Viet Nam: Ethno-Epidemiology of HIV Risk
    Michael Clatts; Fiscal Year: 2006
    ..S., with the goal of enhancing the technical capacity of researchers in Viet Nam in identifying and monitoring emerging trends associated with drug abuse and HIV. ..
  7. Multiplexed Detection of Bioterror Agents
    Francis Barany; Fiscal Year: 2004
    ..In addition, the LDR/PCR virulence gene test from Aim 2 will be expanded to include the major BT toxin and virulence genes. Once verified, our tests will be validated with clinical samples at the CDC. ..
  8. Extended Work Schedules and Workplace Injury in Nurses
    Alison Trinkoff; Fiscal Year: 2004
    ..Identifying organizational variables related to nurse's health that, if modified, could reduce the likelihood of worker injury is key to maximizing the quality of health care while maintaining a healthy workforce. ..
  9. Identification of vaccine antigens based on expression in blood
    PETER TRIP BEERNINK; Fiscal Year: 2010
    ....
  10. Identification of vaccine antigens based on expression in blood
    PETER BEERNINK; Fiscal Year: 2009
    ....
  11. HIV TRANSMISSION IN CRACK INJECTION PRACTICES
    Michael Clatts; Fiscal Year: 2002
    ..Ethnographic data and results of laboratory studies will be used to develop a curriculum for training public health practitioners on risk reduction messages and strategies for crack injectors. ..
  12. Ketamine Injection and HIV Risk Among High Risk Youth
    STEPHEN LANKENAU; Fiscal Year: 2006
    ..abstract_text> ..
  13. Ketamine Injection and HIV Risk Among High Risk Youth
    STEPHEN LANKENAU; Fiscal Year: 2006
    ..abstract_text> ..
  14. OUTCOMES OF THE REVISED CA BLOODBORNE PATHOGENS STANDARD
    Marion Gillen; Fiscal Year: 2001
    ..Health care workers, employers, and policy makers need data to understand the various outcomes of standards designed to protect workers. ..
  15. Immunotherapeutics for Treatment of Flavivirus Infection
    Erol Fikrig; Fiscal Year: 2007
    ..The recombinant antibodies will be fully human, produced rapidly and in high titer, free of blood-borne pathogens, and will be promising candidates for further development as a clinical reagent to combat flaviviral infection. ..
  16. Risk Factors and Incidence of Sharps Injuries to Nurses
    Sean Clarke; Fiscal Year: 2007
    ..The public health impact relates to better strategies for control of exposure to bloodborne pathogens in healthcare workers as well as improving workplace safety more generally. ..
  17. Risk Factors and Incidence of Sharps Injuries to Nurses
    Sean Clarke; Fiscal Year: 2009
    ..The public health impact relates to better strategies for control of exposure to bloodborne pathogens in healthcare workers as well as improving workplace safety more generally. ..
  18. Non-invasive Blood Radioactivity Monitor
    David Schlyer; Fiscal Year: 2004
    ..blood withdrawal techniques which include the reduction of pain, the reduction of risks associated with blood borne pathogens and radiation exposure, and the elimination of the radioactivity dispersion which results from blood ..