nitrofurans

Summary

Webpages

  1. nitrofurazone
    decabada.lib.bioinfo.pl/meid:97732
  2. national measurement institute - food research
    www.measurement.gov.au/index.cfm?event=object.showContent&ob ...
  3. the poultry guide - infectious bursal
    www.ruleworks.co.uk/poultry/Infectious-Bursal.htm
  4. division of student affairs home - california state university, fresno
    studentaffairs.csufresno.edu/health/formulary/h.html#C. NITR ...

Publications

  1. Determination of nitrofurans in animal feeds by liquid chromatography-UV photodiode array detection and liquid chromatography-ionspray tandem mass spectrometry
    Jorge Barbosa
    LNIV, Laboratório Nacional de Investigação Veterinária, Estrada de Benfica, 701, 1549 011 Lisboa, Portugal
    Anal Chim Acta 586:359-65
  2. Depletion of four nitrofuran antibiotics and their tissue-bound metabolites in porcine tissues and determination using LC-MS/MS and HPLC-UV
    K M Cooper
    Queen's University Belfast, Northern Ireland
    Food Addit Contam 22:406-14
  3. Detection, accumulation and distribution of nitrofuran residues in egg yolk, albumen and shell
    R J McCracken
    Chemical Surveillance Branch, Veterinary Sciences Division, AFBI, Belfast, Northern Ireland, BT4 3SD, UK
    Food Addit Contam 24:26-33
  4. Transfer of nitrofuran residues from parent broiler breeder chickens to broiler progeny
    R J McCracken
    Chemical Surveillance Department, Department of Agriculture and Rural Development, Stormont, Belfast, Northern Ireland
    Br Poult Sci 46:287-92
  5. Novel source of semicarbazide: levels of semicarbazide in cooked crayfish samples determined by LC/MS/MS
    L Saari
    National Veterinary and Food Research Institute, Department of Chemistry, PL 45, FIN-00581 Helsinki, Finland
    Food Addit Contam 21:825-32
  6. Multi-residue monitoring for the simultaneous determination of five nitrofurans (furazolidone, furaltadone, nitrofurazone, nitrofurantoine, nifursol) in poultry muscle tissue through the detection of their five major metabolites (AOZ, AMOZ, SEM, AHD, DNSA
    Eric Verdon
    Agence Française de Sécurité Sanitaire des Aliments, Laboratoire d Etudes et de Recherches sur les Médicaments Vétérinaires et les Désinfectants, Unité Résidus des Médicaments Vétérinaires, BP 90203, 35302 Fougères, France
    Anal Chim Acta 586:336-47
  7. Residues of nitrofuran antibiotic parent compounds and metabolites in eyes of broiler chickens
    K M Cooper
    Queen s University Belfast, Veterinary Sciences Division, Stoney Road, Belfast BT4, UK
    Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess 25:548-56
  8. Triple-quadrupole LC-MS-MS for quantitative determination of nitrofuran metabolites in complex food matrixes
    S Effkemann
    Niedersächsisches Landesamt für Verbraucherschutz und Lebensmittelsicherheit, LAVES-Veterinärinstitut für Fische und Fischwaren, Schleusenstrasse 1, 27472 Cuxhaven, Germany
    Anal Bioanal Chem 378:842-4
  9. Determination of nifuroxazide and drotaverine hydrochloride in pharmaceutical preparations by three independent analytical methods
    Fadia H Metwally
    Cairo University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Analytical Chemistry Department, Kasr El Aini St, 11562, Cairo, Egypt
    J AOAC Int 89:78-87
  10. Resolution of ternary mixtures of nitrofurantoin, furaltadone and furazolidone by partial least-square analysis to the spectrophotometric signals after photo-decomposition
    M C Mahedero
    Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Extremadura, 06071 Badajoz, Spain
    J Pharm Biomed Anal 29:477-85

Scientific Experts

Detail Information

Webpages7

  1. nitrofurazone
    decabada.lib.bioinfo.pl/meid:97732
  2. national measurement institute - food research
    www.measurement.gov.au/index.cfm?event=object.showContent&ob ...
  3. the poultry guide - infectious bursal
    www.ruleworks.co.uk/poultry/Infectious-Bursal.htm
  4. division of student affairs home - california state university, fresno
    studentaffairs.csufresno.edu/health/formulary/h.html#C. NITR ...

Publications62

  1. Determination of nitrofurans in animal feeds by liquid chromatography-UV photodiode array detection and liquid chromatography-ionspray tandem mass spectrometry
    Jorge Barbosa
    LNIV, Laboratório Nacional de Investigação Veterinária, Estrada de Benfica, 701, 1549 011 Lisboa, Portugal
    Anal Chim Acta 586:359-65
    Within the EU, the use of nitrofurans is prohibited in food production animals. For this reason detection of these compounds in feedingstuffs, at whatever limit, constitutes an offence under EU legislation...
  2. Depletion of four nitrofuran antibiotics and their tissue-bound metabolites in porcine tissues and determination using LC-MS/MS and HPLC-UV
    K M Cooper
    Queen's University Belfast, Northern Ireland
    Food Addit Contam 22:406-14
    ..These samples were analysed both for parent nitrofurans (using LC-MS/MS and HPLC-UV), and for tissue-bound metabolites (using LC-MS/MS)...
  3. Detection, accumulation and distribution of nitrofuran residues in egg yolk, albumen and shell
    R J McCracken
    Chemical Surveillance Branch, Veterinary Sciences Division, AFBI, Belfast, Northern Ireland, BT4 3SD, UK
    Food Addit Contam 24:26-33
    ..AMOZ), 1-amino-hydantoin (AHD) and semicarbazide (SEM), to study the accumulation and distribution of nitrofurans in eggs...
  4. Transfer of nitrofuran residues from parent broiler breeder chickens to broiler progeny
    R J McCracken
    Chemical Surveillance Department, Department of Agriculture and Rural Development, Stormont, Belfast, Northern Ireland
    Br Poult Sci 46:287-92
    ..with nitrofuran metabolites, an investigation was performed to discover whether or not residues of the nitrofurans might be transferred from parent breeder chickens to their offspring broilers...
  5. Novel source of semicarbazide: levels of semicarbazide in cooked crayfish samples determined by LC/MS/MS
    L Saari
    National Veterinary and Food Research Institute, Department of Chemistry, PL 45, FIN-00581 Helsinki, Finland
    Food Addit Contam 21:825-32
    ..2 and 0.5 ng g(-1) fresh crayfish meat, respectively. All the tested samples (n = 18) contained traces of semicarbazide, the highest amount being 12 ng g(-1) fresh crayfish meat...
  6. Multi-residue monitoring for the simultaneous determination of five nitrofurans (furazolidone, furaltadone, nitrofurazone, nitrofurantoine, nifursol) in poultry muscle tissue through the detection of their five major metabolites (AOZ, AMOZ, SEM, AHD, DNSA
    Eric Verdon
    Agence Française de Sécurité Sanitaire des Aliments, Laboratoire d Etudes et de Recherches sur les Médicaments Vétérinaires et les Désinfectants, Unité Résidus des Médicaments Vétérinaires, BP 90203, 35302 Fougères, France
    Anal Chim Acta 586:336-47
    Following the ban of four nitrofurans in the mid-90s (furazolidone, furaltadone, nitrofurantoine, nitrofurazone), the nifursol, a veterinary drug from the nitrofuran class of antibacterials which has been used prophylactically as feed ..
  7. Residues of nitrofuran antibiotic parent compounds and metabolites in eyes of broiler chickens
    K M Cooper
    Queen s University Belfast, Veterinary Sciences Division, Stoney Road, Belfast BT4, UK
    Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess 25:548-56
    ..Further studies are required to improve LC-MS/MS nitrofurazone sensitivity and refine the sample size necessary to use nitrofurazone detection in pooled eyes as a complement to SEM detection in muscle...
  8. Triple-quadrupole LC-MS-MS for quantitative determination of nitrofuran metabolites in complex food matrixes
    S Effkemann
    Niedersächsisches Landesamt für Verbraucherschutz und Lebensmittelsicherheit, LAVES-Veterinärinstitut für Fische und Fischwaren, Schleusenstrasse 1, 27472 Cuxhaven, Germany
    Anal Bioanal Chem 378:842-4
  9. Determination of nifuroxazide and drotaverine hydrochloride in pharmaceutical preparations by three independent analytical methods
    Fadia H Metwally
    Cairo University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Analytical Chemistry Department, Kasr El Aini St, 11562, Cairo, Egypt
    J AOAC Int 89:78-87
    ....
  10. Resolution of ternary mixtures of nitrofurantoin, furaltadone and furazolidone by partial least-square analysis to the spectrophotometric signals after photo-decomposition
    M C Mahedero
    Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Extremadura, 06071 Badajoz, Spain
    J Pharm Biomed Anal 29:477-85
    ..Good results have been obtained in the analysis of synthetic samples and a formulation containing all these compounds...
  11. Validation of a confirmatory method for the determination of residues of four nitrofurans in egg by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry with the software InterVal
    C Bock
    Federal Office of Consumer Protection and Food Safety BVL, EU and National Reference Laboratory CRL NRL, Diedersdorfer Weg 1, 12277 Berlin, Germany
    Anal Chim Acta 586:348-58
    ..05 microg kg(-1) for 3-amino-5-methyl-morpholino-2-oxazolidinone, 0.03 microg kg(-1) for 3-amino-2-oxazolidinone, 0.20 microg kg(-1) for semicarbazide and 0.22 microg kg(-1) for 1-amino-hydantoin...
  12. Liquid chromatographic determination of multiple sulfonamides, nitrofurans, and chloramphenicol residues in pasteurized milk
    Norma Perez
    Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Departamento de Producción Agrícola y Animal, México, Distrito Federal
    J AOAC Int 85:20-4
    A rapid and selective liquid chromatographic method was developed to detect 6 sulfonamides, 3 nitrofurans, and chloramphenicol residues in pasteurized milk...
  13. Stability of sulfonamides, nitrofurans, and chloramphenicol residues in preserved raw milk samples measured by liquid chromatography
    Mario Noa
    Universidad Agraria de La Habana, Departamento de Prevención, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria, Autopista Nacional y Carretera de Tapaste, San José de las Lajas, Havana, Cuba
    J AOAC Int 85:1415-9
    A stability study was made of 10 antimicrobials: 6 sulfonamides, 3 nitrofurans, and chloramphenicol residues in raw milk samples preserved with 0.1 % potassium dichromate (K2Cr2O7) and 0...
  14. Determination of nifursol metabolites in poultry muscle and liver tissue. Development and validation of a confirmatory method
    P P J Mulder
    RIKILT Institute of Food Safety, Bornsesteeg 45, P O Box 450, 6700 AE Wageningen, The Netherlands
    Analyst 130:763-71
    ..In fact for liver better performance characteristics were obtained when the IS was not taken into account. Nevertheless, as a qualitative marker for recovery, HBH could still be very useful in the analysis of unknown samples...
  15. Nitrofuran antibiotic metabolites detected at parts per million concentrations in retina of pigs--a new matrix for enhanced monitoring of nitrofuran abuse
    Kevin M Cooper
    Department of Veterinary Science, Queen s University Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK
    Analyst 130:466-8
    ..Discovery of this residue depot may allow widespread technology transfer to laboratories lacking LC-MS/MS thus improving global monitoring of these drugs...
  16. Detection of 3-amino-2-oxazolidinone (AOZ), a tissue-bound metabolite of the nitrofuran furazolidone, in prawn tissue by enzyme immunoassay
    K M Cooper
    Queen's University Belfast, Department of Veterinary Science, Belfast, UK
    Food Addit Contam 21:841-8
    ..Such an acceptance improves the sensitivity of an ELISA and in this case permitted an LOD of 0.05 microg kg(-1) and a CCbeta of below 0.4 microg kg(-1)...
  17. The occurrence of nitrofuran metabolites in the tissues of chickens exposed to very low dietary concentrations of the nitrofurans
    R J McCracken
    Chemical Surveillance Department, Veterinary Sciences Division, Department of Agriculture and Rural Development, Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK
    Food Addit Contam 22:567-72
    ..In the study described here, two aspects have been investigated where the nitrofurans accumulate in tissues from chickens exposed to either a dietary or an environmental source of contamination...
  18. Organ-targeted mutagenicity of nitrofurantoin in Big Blue transgenic mice
    Philippe Quillardet
    Unité des Cyanobactéries, Institut Pasteur 28, rue du Dr Roux, 75724 Paris Cedex15, France
    Mutagenesis 21:305-11
    b>Nitrofurans are widely used in human medicine, as nitrofurantoin and nifuroxazide, still prescribed for long-term antimicrobial prophylaxis of urinary tract and gastrointestinal infection in humans respectively...
  19. Genotoxicity of 2-nitro-7-methoxy-naphtho[2,1-b]furan (R7000): a case study with some considerations on nitrofurantoin and nifuroxazide
    Maurice Hofnung
    Unité de Programmation Moléculaire et de Toxicologie Génétique, CNRS URA 1444, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
    Res Microbiol 153:427-34
    Two nitrofurans present broad-spectrum antimicrobial properties and some of them are used in human and veterinary medicine. Most of these molecules are mutagens and some of them were reported as carcinogens...
  20. Calculation of the decision limit (CCalpha) and the detection capability (CCbeta) for banned substances: the imperfect marriage between the quantitative and the qualitative criteria
    J Van Loco
    Scientific Institute of Public Health, J Wytsmanstraat 14, B 1050 Brussels, Belgium
    Anal Chim Acta 586:8-12
    ..Analytical methods for the analysis of nitroimidazoles, nitrofurans and corticosteroids with LC-MS/MS have been validated by fortifying blank samples below and above the MRPL...
  21. Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry for the determination of protein-bound residues in shrimp dosed with nitrofurans
    Pak Sin Chu
    Center for Veterinary Medicine, U S Food and Drug Administration, 8401 Muirkirk Road, Laurel, Maryland 20708, USA
    J Agric Food Chem 53:8934-9
    ..Tissues from dosed shrimp were assayed to demonstrate the effectiveness of the method for recovering bound residues of nitrofurans. In shrimp dosed with nitrofurans, nitrofurantoin exhibited the lowest level of bound residues.
  22. Efficacy of prophylactic anti-diarrhoeal treatment in patients receiving Campto for advanced colorectal cancer
    J Duffour
    Hopital La Timone, 264 rue St-Pierre, Marseille, France
    Anticancer Res 22:3727-31
    ..Preventive combined treatment is effective in reducing the incidence of severe delayed diarrhoea, and it should be proposed to patients treated with mono-therapy Campto(r) and evaluated in poly-chemotherapy protocols...
  23. Polyamine contents in current foods: a basis for polyamine reduced diet and a study of its long term observance and tolerance in prostate carcinoma patients
    B G Cipolla
    Department of Urology, Centre Hospitalier Privé Saint Grégoire, Saint Grégoire, France
    Amino Acids 33:203-12
    ..A PRD associated with intermittent PIITD is a safe and well observed nutritional regimen and long term observance is possible...
  24. Anti-genotoxic and free-radical scavenging activities of extracts from (Tunisian) Myrtus communis
    N Hayder
    Laboratoire de Biochimie et de Biologie Moléculaire, Faculté de Pharmacie de Monastir, Rue Avicenne, 5000 Monastir, Tunisie
    Mutat Res 564:89-95
    ..These results suggest the future utilization of these extracts as additives in chemoprevention studies...
  25. Fly agaric (Amanita muscaria) poisoning, case report and review
    Leszek Satora
    Department of Clinical Toxicology, Poison Information Center, Collegium Medicum, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
    Toxicon 45:941-3
    ..After four days without any problems, she was discharged. The poisoning regressed with no organ complications. The remaining persons who had eaten the fly agaric were free from any complaints...
  26. A new class of nifuroxazide analogues: synthesis of 5-nitrothiophene derivatives with antimicrobial activity against multidrug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus
    Andrea Masunari
    Laboratório de Planejamento e Desenvolvimento de Fármacos, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade de São Paulo, Av Prof Lineu Prestes, 580, São Paulo, SP 05508 900, Brazil
    Bioorg Med Chem 15:4229-36
    ..The results confirmed the potential of this class of compounds as an alternative for the development of selective antimicrobial agents...
  27. Nifuroxazide-induced acute pancreatitis: a new side-effect for an old drug?
    Akilimali Shindano
    Dept of Gastroenterology and Dermatology, St Luc University Hospital, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
    Acta Gastroenterol Belg 70:32-3
    ..As suggested by associated systemic features, the disease is likely of immunoallergic origin...
  28. Enzyme immunoassay for semicarbazide--the nitrofuran metabolite and food contaminant
    Kevin M Cooper
    Queen s University Belfast, Department of Veterinary Science, Northern Ireland, UK
    Anal Chim Acta 592:64-71
    ..7% with NFZ and negligible with a wide range of other nitrofurans and poultry drugs...
  29. Stability studies of the metabolites of nitrofuran antibiotics during storage and cooking
    K M Cooper
    Department of Veterinary Science, Queen s University Belfast, Belfast, UK
    Food Addit Contam 24:935-42
    ..Metabolite stock and working standard solutions in methanol were also stable for 10 months at 4 degrees C. Only a 10 ng ml(-1) solution of SEM showed a small drop in concentration over this extended storage period...
  30. [Determination of nitrofuran metabolites residues in animal tissues by LC-MS/MS method]
    Lech Rodziewicz
    Pracownia Badań Chemicznych Srodków Spozywczych Zakład Higieny Weterynaryjnej 15 959 Białystok, ul Zwycigstwa 26a
    Rocz Panstw Zakl Hig 58:625-32
    ..0 microg/kg with AOZ-d4, and AMOZ-d5 as internal standard. The mean recoveries from meat spiked at 1.0 microg/kg were 84.5-109.7%. Limit of decision (CCalpha) was between 0.25-0.57 and capability of detection (CCbeta) 0.32-0.77 microg/kg...
  31. Determination and confirmation of nitrofuran residues in honey using LC-MS/MS
    Mayda I Lopez
    Center for Veterinary Medicine, U S Food and Drug Administration, 8401 Muirkirk Road, Laurel, MD 20708, USA
    J Agric Food Chem 55:1103-8
    ..The extracts and standards were also used for confirmatory purposes. Honey from dosed beehives was assayed to study the stability of the nitrofuran residues and to demonstrate the effectiveness of the method...
  32. Preparation of stable isotope-labeled 2-nitrobenzaldehyde derivatives of four metabolites of nitrofuran antibiotics and their comprehensive characterization by UV, MS, and NMR techniques
    Thierry Delatour
    Nestlé Research Center, Nestec Ltd, Vers chez les Blanc, 1000 Lausanne 26, Switzerland
    J Agric Food Chem 51:6371-9
    ..A major advantage of the described procedure is that it can be extended to the preparation of other carbon-13-labeled derivatives of metabolites of nitrofuran antibiotics...
  33. ELISA for semicarbazide and its application for screening in food contamination
    M Vass
    Veterinary Research Institute, Hudcova 70, 621 00 Brno, Czech Republic
    Anal Chim Acta 608:86-94
    ..3%, respectively, with a coefficient of variation less than 15.5%. Respective detection capability and threshold of the assay for porcine muscle, set on the basis of acceptance of no false negative results, was 0.3 and 0.11 microgkg(-1)...
  34. Mutagenic, antimutagenic, cytotoxic, and apoptotic activities of extracts from Pituranthos tortuosus
    Afef Abdelwahed
    Unité de Pharmacognosie Biologie Moléculaire, Faculté de Pharmacie de Monastir, Monastir, Tunisie
    Drug Chem Toxicol 31:37-60
    ..The results revealed that all extracts showed a significant cytotoxic effect on these cell lines, and the effect was greater in the presence of human K562 chronic myelogenous leukemia cells, whereas they do not induce apoptosis...
  35. Study of antimutagenic and antioxidant activities of gallic acid and 1,2,3,4,6-pentagalloylglucose from Pistacia lentiscus. Confirmation by microarray expression profiling
    Afef Abdelwahed
    Unité de Pharmacognosie Biologie Moléculaire 99 UR 07 03, Faculté de Pharmacie Médecine Dentaire de Monastir, Rue Avicenne, 5000 Monastir, Tunisia
    Chem Biol Interact 165:1-13
    ....
  36. Antioxidant activity and inhibition of aflatoxin B1-, nifuroxazide-, and sodium azide-induced mutagenicity by extracts from Rhamnus alaternus L
    Rebai Ben Ammar
    Unité de Pharmacognosie Biologie Moléculaire 99 UR 07 03, Faculté de Pharmacie, Rue Avicenne, Monastir 5000, Tunisia
    Chem Biol Interact 174:1-10
    ..Our findings emphasize the potential of R. alaternus to prevent mutations and also its antioxidant effect...
  37. Potential tuberculostatic agents. Topliss application on benzoic acid [(5-nitro-thiophen-2-yl)-methylene]-hydrazide series
    Daniela G Rando
    Fac. de Ciências Farmacêuticas, USP, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, 580, São Paulo-SP 05508-900, Brazil
    Bioorg Med Chem 10:557-60
    ..These compounds were tested against Mycobacterium tuberculosis in vitro and the most active of the series identified. A new lead for potential tuberculostatic activity has been predicted and will be used in further QSAR studies...
  38. Simultaneous determination of nifuroxazide and drotaverine hydrochloride in pharmaceutical preparations by bivariate and multivariate spectral analysis
    Fadia H Metwally
    Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El Aini St, 11562 Cairo, Egypt
    Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 69:343-9
    ..The results were in accordance with those given by the EVA Pharma reference spectrophotometric method...
  39. Proficiency study for the determination of nitrofuran metabolites in shrimps
    D Hurtaud Pessel
    Agence Française de Sécurité Sanitaire des Aliments AFSSA Laboratoire d Etudes et de Recherches sur les Médicaments Vétérinaires et les Désinfectants LERMVD, Javené BP 90203 Fougères, F 35302, France
    Food Addit Contam 23:569-78
    ..to all the National Reference Laboratories (NRLs) of the European Union (EU) in charge of the analysis of nitrofurans, to Official Laboratories of the then 10 Candidate Countries for entry in EU and to some countries exporting ..
  40. Determination of nitrofuran metabolites in milk by liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry
    Lech Rodziewicz
    Department of Hygiene Veterinary, ul Zwyciestwa 26a, 15 959 Białystok, Poland
    J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 864:156-60
    An LC-ESI-MS-MS method for the analysis of metabolites of four nitrofurans (furazolidone, furaltadone, nitrofurazone and nitrofurantoin) in raw milk has been developed...
  41. Determination of nitrofuran metabolites in poultry muscle and eggs by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry
    Jane Kelly Finzi
    Galeno Research Unit, 1301 Latino Coelho, Parque Taquaral, Campinas, SP 13087-10, Brazil
    J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 824:30-5
    The use of nitrofurans in food-producing animals has been banned in EU. Detection of the protein-bound nitrofuran metabolites is the best approach to evaluate their utilization...
  42. Advantages of LC-MS-MS compared to LC-MS for the determination of nitrofuran residues in honey
    Laure Tribalat
    Service Central d'Analyse, CNRS-USR 059, BP 22, 69390 Vernaison, France
    Anal Bioanal Chem 386:2161-8
    ..The method was applied to different flower honeys. The results showed that nitrofurans (used as antibiotics) are consistently present in this matrix, the predominant compound being furazolidone...
  43. Quantitative determination of four nitrofuran metabolites in meat by isotope dilution liquid chromatography-electrospray ionisation-tandem mass spectrometry
    Pascal Mottier
    Department of Quality and Safety Assurance, Nestle Research Centre, Nestec Ltd, Vers chez les Blanc, 1000 Lausanne 26, Switzerland
    J Chromatogr A 1067:85-91
    ..The method is robust and suitable for routine quality control operations, and more than 200 sample injections were performed without excessive pollution of the mass spectrometer or loss of LC column performance...
  44. AAS and AES determination of furaltadone, methadone and trazodone in pharmaceutical formulations
    S Khalil
    Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Fayoum Branch, Riyadh 11491, Fayoum, Egypt
    J Pharm Biomed Anal 27:117-22
    ..The drugs can be determined by the affort method in the ranges 7.2-72.16, 6.9-69.18 and 8.1-81.6 microg/ml solutions of the three drugs, respectively...
  45. [Evaluation of efficacy of oral quinolone against Streptococcus pneumoniae AND Haemophilus influenzae with the use of Monte Carlo simulation]
    Hiroshige Mikamo
    Life Science Research Center, Gifu University
    Jpn J Antibiot 59:468-73
    ..These results suggest that administration methods might have a large impact on the efficacy of treatment with oral fluoroquinolones, and to determine administration method based on PK/PD would be important in clinical practices...
  46. Incidence of histomonosis in turkeys in France since the bans of dimetridazole and nifursol
    M P Callait Cardinal
    Unité Mixte de Recherche ENVL INRA, 958 Protozoaires Entéricoles des Volailles, Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Lyon, 69280 Marcy l Etoile, France
    Vet Rec 161:581-5
    ..In the breeding flocks, the average mortality was 60.2 per cent. The size of the flocks, the sex of the birds and the age at which the first clinical signs appeared did not seem to influence the mortality...
  47. In vitro activity of therapeutic drugs against Histomonas meleagridis (Smith, 1895)
    M P Callait
    UMR INRAIDGER 958, Laboratoire de Parasitologie, Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Lyon, Marcy l Etoile, France
    Poult Sci 81:1122-7
    ..These results confirm the effectiveness of dimetridazole, a drug that has been used in the treatment and prevention of blackhead. In May 2002 this compound was removed as feed additive in Europe...
  48. Illegal use of nitrofurans in food animals: Contribution to human salmonellosis?
    P Antunes
    Clin Microbiol Infect 12:1047-9
    ..serogroup D isolates of Salmonella Enteritidis belonging to different phage types, suggest that illegal use of nitrofurans, especially in the poultry industry, might have contributed to the selection and prevalence of S...
  49. Design and synthesis of a series of melamine-based nitroheterocycles with activity against Trypanosomatid parasites
    Alessandro Baliani
    Welsh School of Pharmacy, Redwood Building, Cardiff University, King Edward VII Avenue, Cardiff CF10 3XF, United Kingdom
    J Med Chem 48:5570-9
    ..cruzi against which various nitro heterocycles are already registered for use...
  50. Novel potential drug against T. cruzi and its interaction with surfactant micelles
    Carlota O Rangel Yagui
    Department of Biochemical and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
    Pharm Dev Technol 12:183-92
    ..A comparison between C12EO8 effects on T. cruzi epimastigote cells and on erythrocytes showed that surfactant lytic effect is stronger in parasite cells, enlightening the potential of 5NFB micellar formulations...
  51. Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of new potent 5-nitrofuryl derivatives as anti-Trypanosoma cruzi agents. Studies of trypanothione binding site of trypanothione reductase as target for rational design
    Gabriela Aguirre
    Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Química-Facultad de Ciencias, Iguá 4225, 11400 Montevideo, Uruguay
    Eur J Med Chem 39:421-31
    ..The physicochemical environment around E19, W22, C53 and Y111 residues within the trypanothione binding site of trypanothione reductase resulted a valuable target for the rational design of anti-trypanosomal drugs...
  52. Insight into the bioreductive mode of action of antitrypanosomal 5-nitrofuryl containing thiosemicarbazones
    L Otero
    Cátedra de Química Inorgánica, DEC, Facultad de Química, Universidad de la República, Gral Flores 2124, 11200 Montevideo, Uruguay
    Med Chem 4:11-7
    ..cruzi-oxygen uptake promoted by these compounds. On the other hand, free-radical scavenger properties, measured as oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC), did not seem to correlate with the trypanocidal activity...
  53. New potent 5-nitrofuryl derivatives as inhibitors of Trypanosoma cruzi growth. 3D-QSAR (CoMFA) studies
    Gabriela Aguirre
    Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Química-Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
    Eur J Med Chem 41:457-66
    ..Theoretical pharmacokinetics (Lipinski's rule, PSA) supports further in vivo studies...
  54. Trypanosoma cruzi: effect and mode of action of nitroimidazole and nitrofuran derivatives
    Juan Diego Maya
    Faculty of Medicine, ICBM, Program of Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Chile, P.O. Box 70086, Santiago 7, Chile
    Biochem Pharmacol 65:999-1006
    ..considered as possible leads for the development of drugs against Chagas' disease, we studied in parallel nitrofurans and nitroimidazoles...
  55. ESR spin trapping studies of free radicals generated from nitrofuran derivative analogues of nifurtimox by electrochemical and Trypanosoma cruzi reduction
    Claudio Olea Azar
    Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Chile, P O Box 233, Santiago 1, Chile
    Free Radic Res 37:993-1001
    ..These results are in agreement with the biological observation that Nitro2 showed anti-Chagas activity by an oxidative stress mechanism...
  56. Heteroallyl-containing 5-nitrofuranes as new anti-Trypanosoma cruzi agents with a dual mechanism of action
    Alejandra Gerpe
    Laboratorio de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Química Facultad de Ciencias, Iguá 4225, Universidad de la República, 11400 Montevideo, Uruguay
    Bioorg Med Chem 16:569-77
    ..The results support further in vivo studies of some of these nitrofuran derivatives...
  57. In vitro activity and mechanism of action against the protozoan parasite Trypanosoma cruzi of 5-nitrofuryl containing thiosemicarbazones
    Gabriela Aguirre
    Departamento de Quimica Orgánica, Facultad de Quimica-Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República, 11400 Montevideo, Uruguay
    Bioorg Med Chem 12:4885-93
    ..The results showed that these compounds are among the most potent 5-nitrofuryl derivatives tested against this parasite thus support further in vivo studies of some of these thiosemicarbazones...