chondroma

Summary

Summary: A benign neoplasm derived from mesodermal cells that form cartilage. It may remain within the substance of a cartilage or bone (true chondroma or enchondroma) or may develop on the surface of a cartilage (ecchondroma or ecchondrosis). (Dorland, 27th ed; Stedman, 25th ed)

Top Publications

  1. Agaimy A, Pelz A, Corless C, Wünsch P, Heinrich M, Hofstaedter F, et al. Epithelioid gastric stromal tumours of the antrum in young females with the Carney triad: a report of three new cases with mutational analysis and comparative genomic hybridization. Oncol Rep. 2007;18:9-15 pubmed
    ..by metachronous or synchronous occurrence of epithelioid gastrointestinal stromal tumours (GISTs), pulmonary chondroma and extra-adrenal paraganglioma...
  2. Papila I, Acioglu E, Karaman E, Akman C. Laryngeal chondroma presenting as a laryngopyocele. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 2005;262:473-6 pubmed
    ..We present a patient with laryngopyocele that arose because of a laryngeal chondroma.
  3. Scierski W, Namysłowski G, Misiołek M, Widziszowska A, Hajduk A. [Septal nasal chondroma--a case report]. Otolaryngol Pol. 2007;61:1021-3 pubmed publisher
    Cartilaginous tumors of the head and neck are rare. The most frequent site is larynx and spheno-ethmoidal area. Chondroma of the nasal septum is very rare...
  4. Budny A, Ismail A, Osher L. Chondromyxoid fibroma. J Foot Ankle Surg. 2008;47:153-9 pubmed publisher
    ..Early detection and complete surgical resection are valuable in preventing recurrence in the affected bone. ACFAS Level of Clinical Evidence: 4...
  5. Papagelopoulos P, Savvidou O, Mavrogenis A, Chloros G, Papaparaskeva K, Soucacos P. Extraskeletal chondroma of the foot. Joint Bone Spine. 2007;74:285-8 pubmed
    ..The authors present herein the case of a 74-year-old man with a painful mass at the dorsomedial aspect of the left foot. At 34 months after surgery the patient is disease-free with no evidence of recurrence...
  6. Kalinski T, Sel S, Kouznetsova I, Ropke M, Roessner A. Heterogeneity of angiogenesis and blood vessel maturation in cartilage tumors. Pathol Res Pract. 2009;205:339-45 pubmed publisher
    ..Altogether, cartilage tumors exhibit a heterogeneous but predominantly mature angiogenic phenotype with differential proliferative activity...
  7. Ramnath R, Rosenthal D, Cates J, Gebhardt M, Quinn R. Intracortical chondroma simulating osteoid osteoma treated by radiofrequency. Skeletal Radiol. 2002;31:597-602 pubmed
    ..Pathologic evaluation of the specimens revealed features consistent with benign intracortical chondroma. In one case radiofrequency treatment appears to have cured the tumor...
  8. Jung H, Park W, Choi S, Kwon K, Lee S. Intestinal chondrolipoma: uncommon cause of bowel obstruction. J Pediatr Surg. 2007;42:E21-3 pubmed
    ..To the best of our knowledge, this seems to be the first report of chondrolipoma arising from the small bowel in English language literatures...
  9. Halaas Y, Mra Z, Edelman M. Chondrolipoma of the oropharynx. Ear Nose Throat J. 2001;80:146-7 pubmed
    ..The lesion was excised, and histopathology determined that it was a chondrolipoma. We believe that this is the first report of a chondrolipoma at this anatomic site...

More Information

Publications80

  1. Ohtsuka H. Chondrolipoma of the popliteal fossa and Japanese reports. J Dermatol. 2006;33:202-6 pubmed
    ..The presented tumor was an early one because of the shortest duration and the smallest size in Japan. Recent criteria for a benign mesenchymoma including a chondrolipoma were also described...
  2. Aslam M, Haqqani M. Extraskeletal chondroma of parotid gland. Histopathology. 2006;48:465-7 pubmed
  3. González Lois C, García de la Torre P, SantosBriz Terrón A, Vila J, Manrique Chico J, Martínez Tello J. Intracapsular and para-articular chondroma adjacent to large joints: report of three cases and review of the literature. Skeletal Radiol. 2001;30:672-6 pubmed
    Para-articular chondroma is a rare tumor that has been reported in only 30 cases adjacent to large joints in the Anglo-Saxon literature...
  4. Sera H, Shimoda T, Ozeki S, Honda T. A case of chondroma of the tongue. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2005;34:99-100 pubmed
    b>Chondroma of the tongue represents a very rare benign tumor at this site, with very few reports of pure chondroma (no components of adipose, fibrous or bony tissue) existing...
  5. Nakano M, Arai E, Nakajima Y, Nakamura H, Miyazono K, Hirose T. Immunohistochemical study of chondrolipoma: possible importance of transforming growth factor (TGF)-betas, latent TGF-beta binding protein-1 (LTBP-1), and bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) for chondrogenesis in lipoma. J Dermatol. 2003;30:189-95 pubmed
    ..These findings suggest that the pattern of expression of TGF-betas, LTBP-1, and BMP may be important in the pathogenesis of chondrolipoma...
  6. Cantley L, Saunders C, Guttenberg M, Candela M, Ohta Y, Yasuhara R, et al. Loss of ?-catenin induces multifocal periosteal chondroma-like masses in mice. Am J Pathol. 2013;182:917-27 pubmed publisher
    ..studying the role of ?-catenin in cartilage development, we found that its conditional deletion induces ectopic chondroma-like cartilage formation in mice...
  7. Smida M, Abdenaji W, Douira Khomsi W, Nessib N, Bellagha I, Ben Ghachem M. Childhood soft tissue chondroma. Two cases report. Tunis Med. 2011;89:379-82 pubmed
    Soft tissue chondroma is a rare benign tumour, which is generally seen in adult. It consists of islands of heterotopic cartilaginous tissue and most localised on the hands and the feet...
  8. Singh V, Shah G, Singh P, Saran D. Extraskeletal ossifying chondroma in Hoffa's fat pad: an unusual cause of anterior knee pain. Singapore Med J. 2009;50:e189-92 pubmed
    ..We report a giant extraskeletal ossifying chondroma in a 55-year-old man, presented as chronic knee pain and successfully treated by excision...
  9. Hondar Wu H, Chen W, Lee O, Chang C. Imaging and pathological correlation of soft-tissue chondroma: a serial five-case study and literature review. Clin Imaging. 2006;30:32-6 pubmed
    ..findings (X-ray and MRI) and patterns of calcification of five patients with pathologically proven soft-tissue chondroma were correlated with histopathology. The size ranged from 0.5 to 3 cm...
  10. Onodera K, Xu H, Kimizuka S, Echigo S, Ooya K. Chondroma of the cheek: A case report. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2005;34:924-6 pubmed
    An extremely rare case of soft tissue chondroma occurring in the right cheek of a 47-year-old woman is reported. The localized nodular tumor was encapsulated and composed of hyalinized cartilage with fine calcifications...
  11. Le Corroller T, Bouvier Labit C, Champsaur P. Diffuse mineralization of forearm extraskeletal chondroma. Joint Bone Spine. 2008;75:479-81 pubmed publisher
    We report on the clinical, histologic, and radiologic features - including CT and MRI - of extraskeletal chondroma in a rare case of diffuse calcification of the chondroid matrix...
  12. Carney J. Carney triad: a syndrome featuring paraganglionic, adrenocortical, and possibly other endocrine tumors. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2009;94:3656-62 pubmed publisher
    Two young women, each with paraganglioma and gastric stromal tumor, were encountered in the middle 1970s. One also had an adrenal cortical adenoma and the other pulmonary chondroma.
  13. Stratakis C, Carney J. The triad of paragangliomas, gastric stromal tumours and pulmonary chondromas (Carney triad), and the dyad of paragangliomas and gastric stromal sarcomas (Carney-Stratakis syndrome): molecular genetics and clinical implications. J Intern Med. 2009;266:43-52 pubmed publisher
  14. Ozaki T, Wai D, Schafer K, Lindner N, Bocker W, Winkelmann W, et al. Comparative genomic hybridization in cartilaginous tumors. Anticancer Res. 2004;24:1721-5 pubmed
    ..Therefore, although the number of aberrations between benign and malignant cartilaginous tumors appears to be similar, these two entities may be differentiated by determining which chromosomes are affected...
  15. Fountas K, Stamatiou S, Barbanis S, Kourtopoulos H. Intracranial falx chondroma: literature review and a case report. Clin Neurol Neurosurg. 2008;110:8-13 pubmed
    ..As a result, their diagnosis has remained a histopathologic one. In our current study, we present a case of a falcine intracranial chondroma. This case provided the opportunity to extensively review the pertinent literature.
  16. Kalinski T, Krueger S, Sel S, Werner K, Ropke M, Roessner A. Differential expression of VEGF-A and angiopoietins in cartilage tumors and regulation by interleukin-1beta. Cancer. 2006;106:2028-38 pubmed
    ..As interleukin (IL)-1beta has been found to be an indispensable factor in angiogenic signaling, we further analyzed the effect of IL-1beta on the expression of VEGF-A, Ang-1, and Ang-2 using a previously established cell culture model...
  17. Falleti J, De Cecio R, Mentone A, Lamberti V, Friscia M, De Biasi S, et al. Extraskeletal chondroma of the masseter muscle: a case report with review of the literature. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2009;38:895-9 pubmed publisher
    The authors report a case of soft tissue chondroma of the masseter muscle in a 49-year-old man. The tumour was entirely composed of lobules of hyaline cartilage. The literature on head and neck soft tissue chondroma is also reviewed...
  18. Sutton K, Wright M, Fondren G, Towle C, Mankin H. Cyclooxygenase-2 expression in chondrosarcoma. Oncology. 2004;66:275-80 pubmed
    ..There is now a mounting body of information that strongly implies that COX-2 inhibitors may be of some value in the management of patients with carcinomas, and most recently several similar reports have appeared relating to sarcomas...
  19. Woertler K, Blasius S, Brinkschmidt C, Hillmann A, Link T, Heindel W. Periosteal chondroma: MR characteristics. J Comput Assist Tomogr. 2001;25:425-30 pubmed
    The purpose of this study was to describe the MR characteristics of periosteal chondroma.
  20. Colpan E, Attar A, Erekul S, Arasil E. Convexity dural chondroma: a case report and review of the literature. J Clin Neurosci. 2003;10:106-8 pubmed
    ..In rare instances, these tumours originate from the dura mater of the convexity. We report a rare case of a chondroma arising from the convexity dura mater. The origin of this tumour is analysed and the literature reviewed.
  21. Yang S, Lin C. A peculiar site of chondroma: the epiglottis. Acta Otolaryngol. 2005;125:906-9 pubmed
    b>Chondroma of the laryngeal cartilage is an uncommon benign cartilaginous neoplasm. The commonest location is the posterior lamina of the cricoid cartilage, followed by the thyroid cartilage...
  22. Flint J, McKay P. Bizarre parosteal osteochondromatous proliferation and periosteal chondroma: a comparative report and review of the literature. J Hand Surg Am. 2007;32:893-8 pubmed
    Bizarre parosteal osteochondromatous proliferation and periosteal chondroma are rare, benign, bony lesions that may present in the hand...
  23. De Riu G, Meloni S, Gobbi R, Contini M, Tullio A. Soft-tissue chondroma of the masticatory space. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2007;36:174-6 pubmed
    Soft-tissue chondroma is an infrequent, benign, cartilaginous tumour that is uncommon in the head and neck region. Single-location chondromas rarely evolve into malignant neoplasms...
  24. McLoughlin G, Sciubba D, Wolinsky J. Chondroma/Chondrosarcoma of the spine. Neurosurg Clin N Am. 2008;19:57-63 pubmed
    ..These neoplasms exist on opposite ends of the pathologic spectrum, ranging from the benign chondroma to the malignant, high-grade chondrosarcoma...
  25. Xin Y, Hao S, Zhang J, Wu Z, Jia G, Tang J, et al. Microsurgical treatment of intracranial chondroma. J Clin Neurosci. 2011;18:1064-71 pubmed publisher
    ..Thus, we aimed to describe a large series of patients with intracranial chondroma and to analyze and discuss the clinical features and microsurgical treatment of these patients...
  26. Galant C, Malghem J, Sibille C, Docquier P, Delloye C. Current limitations to the histopathological diagnosis of some frequently encountered bone tumours. Acta Orthop Belg. 2008;74:1-6 pubmed
    ..However there are situations in which a discrepancy exists between histology and imaging studies and where histology alone cannot be decisive. This paper reviews such situations...
  27. Patel A, Munthali L, Bodi I. Giant cystic intracranial chondroma of the falx with review of literature. Neuropathology. 2009;29:315-7 pubmed publisher
    ..Our case illustrates the benignity of the intracranial chondroma and to our knowledge, is one of the longest surviving and largest cases found after incomplete removal.
  28. Delgado López P, Martín Velasco V, Galacho Harriero A, Castilla Díez J, Rodríguez Salazar A, Echevarria Iturbe C. Large chondroma of the dural convexity in a patient with Noonan's syndrome. Case report and review of the literature. Neurocirugia (Astur). 2007;18:241-6 pubmed
    ..We describe the case of a young male diagnosed of Noonan's syndrome that underwent resection of a large intracranial chondroma arising from the dural convexity. To our best knowledge this is the first report of such association.
  29. Rodriguez F, Aubry M, Tazelaar H, Slezak J, Carney J. Pulmonary chondroma: a tumor associated with Carney triad and different from pulmonary hamartoma. Am J Surg Pathol. 2007;31:1844-53 pubmed
    ..They differ pathologically from pulmonary cartilaginous hamartomas on the basis of the presence of a thin fibrous pseudocapsule, frequent bone metaplasia, and calcification, and also the absence of entrapped epithelium and fat...
  30. Sreedharan S, Kamath M, Hegde M, Sundar S, Lobo F, Raju P. Chondroma of the nasal bone: a case report. Ear Nose Throat J. 2006;85:44-6 pubmed
    ..Since the first case report by Morgan in 1842, approximately 150 cases of head and neck chondroma have been recorded in the English-language literature...
  31. Baatenburg de Jong R, van Lent S, Hogendoorn P. Chondroma and chondrosarcoma of the larynx. Curr Opin Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2004;12:98-105 pubmed
    The purpose of this review is to give a detailed description of chondroma and chondrosarcoma of the larynx and to put into perspective new findings from recent literature.
  32. Schmidt Rohlfing B, Staatz G, Tietze L, Ihme N, Siebert C, Niethard F. [Diagnosis and differential diagnosis of extraskeletal, para-articular chondroma of the knee]. Z Orthop Ihre Grenzgeb. 2002;140:544-7 pubmed
    ..Extraskeletal chondromas in the region of the knee joint are very rare tumors which may cause diagnostic problems and have concomitant therapeutic consequences...
  33. Cates J, Rosenberg A, O Connell J, Nielsen G. Chondroblastoma-like chondroma of soft tissue: an underrecognized variant and its differential diagnosis. Am J Surg Pathol. 2001;25:661-6 pubmed
    ..The clinicopathologic features of these chondroblastoma-like chondromas are discussed, emphasizing the characteristics that facilitate their accurate identification...
  34. Nakayama M, Nagayama T, Hirano H, Oyoshi T, Kuratsu J. Giant chondroma arising from the dura mater of the convexity. Case report and review of the literature. J Neurosurg. 2001;94:331-4 pubmed
    ..The authors present a case of intracranial giant chondroma originating from the dura mater of the convexity. Neuroimaging and surgical findings are described...
  35. Sakai H, Tamai K, Iwamoto A, Saotome K. Para-articular chondroma and osteochondroma of the infrapatellar fat pad: a report of three cases. Int Orthop. 1999;23:114-7 pubmed
    We report three cases of para-articular chondroma and osteochondroma in the region of infrapatellar fat pad. All three lesions were resected and examined histologically...
  36. Atalay F, Ozgun G, Tolunay S, Bekar A. Intracranial extra-axial chondroma: a case report. J Nippon Med Sch. 2014;81:35-9 pubmed
    Intracranial chondroma is a rare benign neoplasm that occurs most often at the skull base. In extremely rare instances, it arises from the dura mater of the convexity or from the falx cerebri...
  37. Slesarenko Y, Sampson S, Gould E, Dagum A. Recurrent enchondroma protuberans: a case report. J Hand Surg Am. 2005;30:1318-21 pubmed
    ..Enchondroma protuberans is a rare benign tumor. We present a case of late recurrence of a previously reported enchondroma protuberans in the hand. This was treated successfully with curettage and calcium carbonate grafting. ..
  38. van der Geest I, de Valk M, de Rooy J, Pruszczynski M, Veth R, Schreuder H. Oncological and functional results of cryosurgical therapy of enchondromas and chondrosarcomas grade 1. J Surg Oncol. 2008;98:421-6 pubmed publisher
    ..Curettage and cryosurgery for enchondroma and chondrosarcoma grade 1 has excellent oncological and functional results. The post-operative management has been adjusted to reduce the number of fractures. ..
  39. Arouj H, AlBader A, Bhat I. Chondrometaplasia of the vocal cord in an adult male. Int J Surg Case Rep. 2018;42:10-12 pubmed publisher
    ..Subacute and progressive onset of clinical symptoms and histological and radiological findings helps to distinguish the chondrometaplastic nature from true laryngeal cartilaginous tumours, such as chondroma and low grade chondrosarcoma.
  40. Nishio J, Naito M. Single clubbed finger caused by an enchondroma of the distal phalanx: an unusual clinical presentation. Hand Surg. 2012;17:405-8 pubmed publisher
    ..At the seven months follow-up, the patient had no evidence of recurrence, with a nearly normal-looking finger. We suggest that enchondroma should be considered in the differential diagnosis of clubbing in a single digit. ..
  41. Kwon H, Kim H, Jung S, Sohn W, Yoo G. Extraskeletal chondroma in the auricle. J Craniofac Surg. 2010;21:1990-1 pubmed publisher
    Extraskeletal chondroma is a rare benign tumor that develops in soft tissues, and histologically, it is a lobulated nodule surrounded by a fibrous capsule, and the inside consists of mature cartilage cells and diffuse hyalinized matrix...
  42. Sawhney S, Chapman A, Carney J, Gomersall L, Dempsey O. Incomplete Carney triad--a review of two cases. QJM. 2009;102:649-53 pubmed publisher
    ..Carney's triad' characteristically includes multifocal pulmonary chondroma, gastric stromal sarcoma and extra-adrenal paraganglioma...
  43. Ozturan O, Değirmenci N, Yenigun A. Chondroma of the nasal tip. J Craniofac Surg. 2013;24:e153-5 pubmed publisher
    Chondromas are benign lesions composed of mature hyaline cartilage. A nasal chondroma is an infrequent entity and it arises rarely from the nasal septum...
  44. Hong E, Carrino J, Weber K, Fayad L. Prevalence of shoulder enchondromas on routine MR imaging. Clin Imaging. 2011;35:378-84 pubmed publisher
    ..1% of routine MR shoulder examinations, the vast majority abutting the physeal plate. This prevalence is important to appreciate, in order to form a meaningful differential diagnosis of pathologic proximal humerus lesions. ..
  45. Schmidinger A, Rosahl S, Vorkapic P, Samii M. Natural history of chondroid skull base lesions--case report and review. Neuroradiology. 2002;44:268-71 pubmed
    ..The MRI follow-up in this case provides an extraordinary perspective on the natural history of chondroid skull base tumors. ..
  46. Witiak D, Pensak M. Limitations to mobilizing the intrapetrous carotid artery. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol. 2002;111:343-8 pubmed
    ..Conversely, transcochlear and infratemporal approaches allow for optimal ICA translation. The safety of ICA mobilization is documented by the low complication rate in our series...
  47. Temple H, Scully S, Aboulafia A. Benign bone tumors. Instr Course Lect. 2002;51:429-39 pubmed
  48. Aboulafia A, Temple H, Scully S. Surgical treatment of benign bone tumors. Instr Course Lect. 2002;51:441-50 pubmed
  49. Miyazaki M, Yashiro K, Tanino M, Tanaka S, Fujioka Y. Chondroma arising from the spinal dura mater at the thoracic level: A case report with molecular analysis. Pathol Res Pract. 2016;212:838-41 pubmed publisher
    ..From the clinical and pathological findings, the tumor was revealed as chondroma arising from the spinal dura mater...
  50. Muehlberger T, Fischer P, Lehnhardt M. Chondroma or chondrosarcoma? An indication for sternum resection. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2008;121:145e-146e pubmed publisher
  51. Valverde K, Henderson M, Smith C, Tallett S, Chan H. Typical and atypical Carney's triad presenting with malignant hypertension and papilledema. J Pediatr Hematol Oncol. 2001;23:519-24 pubmed
    ..with multifocal gastric stromal sarcoma, extraadrenal paraganglioma (predominantly mediastinal), or pulmonary chondroma. The authors conducted a retrospective 20-year survey at the Hospital for Sick Children and identified two ..
  52. Mohler D, Chiu R, McCall D, Avedian R. Curettage and cryosurgery for low-grade cartilage tumors is associated with low recurrence and high function. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 2010;468:2765-73 pubmed publisher
    ..Level IV, therapeutic study. See the Guidelines for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence. ..
  53. Kumari N, Sahu R, Krishnani N. Meningeal chondroma in a young female. Indian J Pathol Microbiol. 2010;53:117-8 pubmed publisher
    Meningeal chondroma is a rare intracranial neoplasm. It is usually diagnosed clinically as meningioma. Histologically it may have a differential diagnosis of chordoid meningioma, a malignant lesion, and needs radiotherapy...
  54. Reynolds J, Matthew I, Chalmers A. Tophaceous calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate deposition disease of the temporomandibular joint. J Rheumatol. 2008;35:717-21 pubmed
    ..For many patients, malignancy was the preoperative diagnosis. Although patients with acute pseudogout of the TMJ may have involvement of other joints, tophaceous pseudogout was predominantly isolated to the TMJ...
  55. Shanthi V, Rukmangadh -, Kumari N, Bai S. Chondrolipomatous nasal polyp. Indian J Pathol Microbiol. 2006;49:309 pubmed
  56. Cho S, Kim S. Subungual extraskeletal chondroma mimicking glomus tumor. J Dermatol. 2003;30:492-4 pubmed
  57. Kozłowska K, Bien D, Niemczyk K. [Chondroma of the skull base]. Otolaryngol Pol. 2004;58:995-8 pubmed
    ..The authors present a case of 16-year-old patient with chondroma of the skull base, followed by a diagnostic evaluation and surgical management...
  58. Cabay R, Reddy V, David O, McIntire M, Cimbaluk D, Kasuganti D, et al. Cytologic features of primary chondroid tumors of bone in crush preparations. Diagn Cytopathol. 2008;36:758-61 pubmed publisher
    ..We discuss the cytologic features observed in crush preparations of the most frequently seen primary chondroid tumors of bone and how these lesions can be differentiated from each other and from metastatic lesions...
  59. Gohla T, van Schoonhoven J, Prommersberger K, Lanz U. [Chondrosarcomas of the hand]. Handchir Mikrochir Plast Chir. 2004;36:328-32 pubmed
    ..The histological criteria for differentiation between chondrosarcoma and chondroma are not well-defined...
  60. Kim M, Lim S, Sohn M. Unusual findings of benign enchondroma in the ulna on 3-phase bone scintigraphy. Clin Nucl Med. 2003;28:778-9 pubmed
    ..The authors present the 3-phase bone scintigraphic findings of a benign enchondroma associated with pain, which showed focal hyperperfusion, hyperemia, and intense bone uptake in the distal right ulna...
  61. Zhou X, Zhao B, Keshav P, Chen X, Gao W, Yan H. The management and surgical intervention timing of enchondromas: A 10-year experience. Medicine (Baltimore). 2017;96:e6678 pubmed publisher
    ..Early surgical intervention is recommended for better results and no increased risks for patients with pathological fractures caused by enchondromas...
  62. Ahuja S, McCanna S, Horn E. Treatment strategy for chondromyxoid fibroma of the sacrum. J Clin Neurosci. 2011;18:1550-2 pubmed publisher
    ..The known literature contains only six previous reports of sacral chondromyxoid fibroma and discussion is presented on the diagnosis and treatment of this rare lesion...
  63. Takeuchi A, Yamamoto Y, Tsuneyama K, Cheng C, Yonekura H, Watanabe T, et al. Endogenous secretory receptor for advanced glycation endproducts as a novel prognostic marker in chondrosarcoma. Cancer. 2007;109:2532-40 pubmed
  64. Eryigit H, Baran R, Kutlu C. Pleural chondroma. Asian Cardiovasc Thorac Ann. 2008;16:90 pubmed
  65. Harzallah L, Bouajina E, Rammeh N, Belhadj S, Ghannouchi M, Kraiem C. [Iliac chondroma: a case report]. Tunis Med. 2005;83:578-80 pubmed
    b>Chondroma is a benign bone tumour that usually occurs in the in carpal and phalangeal bones. The iliac involvement is very rare and should be differentiated from chondrosarcoma...
  66. Amstalden E, Carvalho R, Pacheco E, Oliveira Filho A, Stragea Neto L, Rosenberg A. Chondromatous hamartoma of the chest wall: description of 3 new cases and literature review. Int J Surg Pathol. 2006;14:119-26 pubmed
    ..We present 3 new cases, which demonstrated interesting findings, including multicentricity, involvement of the sternum, and local recurrence, and we discuss these findings in the context of a literature review...
  67. Saydam L, Koybasi S, Kutluay L. Laryngeal chondroma presenting as an external neck mass. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 2003;260:239-41 pubmed
    ..In this article we report a case of laryngeal chondroma of cricoid cartilage origin, which presented as a neck mass...
  68. Murali R, Carney J. An asymptomatic, incidentally discovered pulmonary tumor in a 41-year-old woman. Arch Pathol Lab Med. 2005;129:e191-4 pubmed
  69. Alharbi F, Lenarz T, Stoever T. A case of unilateral hypoglossus nerve palsy associated with chordoma in the region of clivus. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 2009;266:2001-3 pubmed publisher
    ..A carbon ion radiotherapy is an effective treatment for chordomas of the skull base with minimal side effects. Close interdisciplinary collaboration between ORL, neuroradiology, pathology and oncology is desirable for effective therapy...
  70. Larbi A, Viala P, Omoumi P, Lecouvet F, Malghem J, Cyteval C, et al. Cartilaginous tumours and calcified lesions of the hand: a pictorial review. Diagn Interv Imaging. 2013;94:395-409 pubmed publisher
    ..The authors propose a pictorial review to illustrate the imaging features of cartilaginous bone lesions of the hand and their specificities, and discuss the main differential diagnoses...
  71. Cho Y, Yoon H, Hong S, Lee J, Hong S. A giant radiopaque mass in the masticatory space. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol. 2013;115:566-70 pubmed publisher
    ..Upon microscopic examination, the excised mass was composed of multiple osteocartilaginous areas. We hereby present detailed clinicopathological findings...