leucine zippers

Summary

Summary: DNA-binding motifs formed from two alpha-helixes which intertwine for about eight turns into a coiled coil and then bifurcate to form Y shaped structures. Leucines occurring in heptad repeats end up on the same sides of the helixes and are adjacent to each other in the stem of the Y (the "zipper" region). The DNA-binding residues are located in the bifurcated region of the Y.

Top Publications

  1. ncbi The interface between self-assembling erythropoietin receptor transmembrane segments corresponds to a membrane-spanning leucine zipper
    Weiming Ruan
    Lehrstuhl Chemie der Biopolymere, Technische Universität Munich, Weihenstephaner Berg 3, 85354 Freising, Germany
    J Biol Chem 279:3273-9. 2004
  2. ncbi Class III homeodomain-leucine zipper gene family members have overlapping, antagonistic, and distinct roles in Arabidopsis development
    Michael J Prigge
    Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, An Arbor, Michigan 48109 1048, USA
    Plant Cell 17:61-76. 2005
  3. ncbi Alteration of the shoot radial pattern in Arabidopsis thaliana by a gain-of-function allele of the class III HD-Zip gene INCURVATA4
    Isabel Ochando
    Area de Genetica, Universidad Miguel Hernandez, Campus de Sant Joan d Alacant, E 03550 Alicante, Spain
    Int J Dev Biol 52:953-61. 2008
  4. ncbi CORONA, a member of the class III homeodomain leucine zipper gene family in Arabidopsis, regulates stem cell specification and organogenesis
    Kirsten A Green
    Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109 1048, USA
    Plant Cell 17:691-704. 2005
  5. ncbi Hahb-4, a sunflower homeobox-leucine zipper gene, is a developmental regulator and confers drought tolerance to Arabidopsis thaliana plants
    Carlos Alberto Dezar
    , Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Santa Fe, Argentina
    Transgenic Res 14:429-40. 2005
  6. ncbi The Athb-1 and -2 HD-Zip domains homodimerize forming complexes of different DNA binding specificities
    G Sessa
    Dipartimento di Genetica e Biologia Molecolare, Universita di Roma La Sapienza, Italy
    EMBO J 12:3507-17. 1993
  7. ncbi Structure and expression of the Arabidopsis thaliana homeobox gene Athb-12
    Y H Lee
    Kumho Life and Environmental Science Laboratory, 572 Sangam-Dong, Kwangju, Kwangsan-Gu, 500-712, Korea
    Biochem Biophys Res Commun 284:133-41. 2001
  8. ncbi Athb-12, a homeobox-leucine zipper domain protein from Arabidopsis thaliana, increases salt tolerance in yeast by regulating sodium exclusion
    Dongjin Shin
    Division of Applied Life Science BK21 program and Environmental Biotechnology National Core Research Center, Graduate School of Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 660 701, Republic of Korea
    Biochem Biophys Res Commun 323:534-40. 2004
  9. ncbi ATHB12, an ABA-inducible homeodomain-leucine zipper (HD-Zip) protein of Arabidopsis, negatively regulates the growth of the inflorescence stem by decreasing the expression of a gibberellin 20-oxidase gene
    Ora Son
    Department of Biological Science, Sookmyung Women s University, Seoul 140 742, Korea
    Plant Cell Physiol 51:1537-47. 2010
  10. ncbi Homeodomain leucine zipper class I genes in Arabidopsis. Expression patterns and phylogenetic relationships
    Eva Henriksson
    Department of Physiological Botany, Evolutionary Biology Centre, University of Uppsala, Sweden
    Plant Physiol 139:509-18. 2005

Research Grants

  1. Ion channel regulation by macromolecular complexes
    Steven Marx; Fiscal Year: 2004
  2. Regulation of HTLV-1 and cellular gene transcription by the viral protein HBZ
    ISABELLE MICHELE LEMASSON; Fiscal Year: 2010
  3. The FIAT-ATF4 interaction and the control of bone mass
    Rene St Arnaud; Fiscal Year: 2010
  4. The FIAT-ATF4 interaction and the control of bone mass
    Rene St Arnaud; Fiscal Year: 2009
  5. The FIAT-ATF4 interaction and the control of bone mass
    Rene St Arnaud; Fiscal Year: 2007
  6. Regulation of Monocyte and Granulocyte Lineage Specification
    Alan D Friedman; Fiscal Year: 2010
  7. Regulation of Monocyte and Granulocyte Lineage Specification
    Alan D Friedman; Fiscal Year: 2011
  8. Centrosomin and Centrosomes in Cell Division
    TIMOTHY MEGRAW; Fiscal Year: 2007
  9. REGULATION OF NFKB AND IKK BY PROINFLAMMATORY STIMULI
    Michael Karin; Fiscal Year: 2002
  10. REGULATION OF CARDIAC MYOCYTE DIFFERENTIATION
    David Bader; Fiscal Year: 2005

Detail Information

Publications188 found, 100 shown here

  1. ncbi The interface between self-assembling erythropoietin receptor transmembrane segments corresponds to a membrane-spanning leucine zipper
    Weiming Ruan
    Lehrstuhl Chemie der Biopolymere, Technische Universität Munich, Weihenstephaner Berg 3, 85354 Freising, Germany
    J Biol Chem 279:3273-9. 2004
    ..This suggests that forced self-interaction of the transmembrane segments does not suffice to induce signaling of the erythropoietin receptor...
  2. ncbi Class III homeodomain-leucine zipper gene family members have overlapping, antagonistic, and distinct roles in Arabidopsis development
    Michael J Prigge
    Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, An Arbor, Michigan 48109 1048, USA
    Plant Cell 17:61-76. 2005
    ..Differences in expression patterns explain some of these genetic interactions, whereas other interactions are likely attributable to differences in protein function as indicated by cross-complementation studies...
  3. ncbi Alteration of the shoot radial pattern in Arabidopsis thaliana by a gain-of-function allele of the class III HD-Zip gene INCURVATA4
    Isabel Ochando
    Area de Genetica, Universidad Miguel Hernandez, Campus de Sant Joan d Alacant, E 03550 Alicante, Spain
    Int J Dev Biol 52:953-61. 2008
    ..In addition, we present results that suggest an interaction between ICU4 function and auxin signaling...
  4. ncbi CORONA, a member of the class III homeodomain leucine zipper gene family in Arabidopsis, regulates stem cell specification and organogenesis
    Kirsten A Green
    Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109 1048, USA
    Plant Cell 17:691-704. 2005
    ..We propose that CNA functions in parallel to the CLV loci to promote organ formation...
  5. ncbi Hahb-4, a sunflower homeobox-leucine zipper gene, is a developmental regulator and confers drought tolerance to Arabidopsis thaliana plants
    Carlos Alberto Dezar
    , Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Santa Fe, Argentina
    Transgenic Res 14:429-40. 2005
    ..Since Hahb-4 is a transcription factor, we propose that it may participate in the regulation of the expression of genes involved in developmental responses of plants to desiccation...
  6. ncbi The Athb-1 and -2 HD-Zip domains homodimerize forming complexes of different DNA binding specificities
    G Sessa
    Dipartimento di Genetica e Biologia Molecolare, Universita di Roma La Sapienza, Italy
    EMBO J 12:3507-17. 1993
    ..We have suggested that the HD-Zip motif could, via dimerization of the leucine zippers, recognize dyad-symmetric DNA sequences...
  7. ncbi Structure and expression of the Arabidopsis thaliana homeobox gene Athb-12
    Y H Lee
    Kumho Life and Environmental Science Laboratory, 572 Sangam-Dong, Kwangju, Kwangsan-Gu, 500-712, Korea
    Biochem Biophys Res Commun 284:133-41. 2001
    ..Taken together, our data suggest that Athb-12 is a transcriptional activator important in regulating certain developmental processes as well as in the plant's response to water stress involving ABA-mediated gene expression...
  8. ncbi Athb-12, a homeobox-leucine zipper domain protein from Arabidopsis thaliana, increases salt tolerance in yeast by regulating sodium exclusion
    Dongjin Shin
    Division of Applied Life Science BK21 program and Environmental Biotechnology National Core Research Center, Graduate School of Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 660 701, Republic of Korea
    Biochem Biophys Res Commun 323:534-40. 2004
    ..These results suggest that Athb-12 is a putative transcription factor that may be involved in NaCl stress responses in plants...
  9. ncbi ATHB12, an ABA-inducible homeodomain-leucine zipper (HD-Zip) protein of Arabidopsis, negatively regulates the growth of the inflorescence stem by decreasing the expression of a gibberellin 20-oxidase gene
    Ora Son
    Department of Biological Science, Sookmyung Women s University, Seoul 140 742, Korea
    Plant Cell Physiol 51:1537-47. 2010
    ..ABA-treated protoplasts also showed increased ATHB12 expression and reduced GA20ox1 expression. These findings all suggest that ATHB12 negatively regulates the expression of a GA 20-oxidase gene in inflorescence stems...
  10. ncbi Homeodomain leucine zipper class I genes in Arabidopsis. Expression patterns and phylogenetic relationships
    Eva Henriksson
    Department of Physiological Botany, Evolutionary Biology Centre, University of Uppsala, Sweden
    Plant Physiol 139:509-18. 2005
    ..In conclusion, several HDZip I genes appear to regulate similar cellular processes, although in different organs or tissues and in response to different environmental signals...
  11. ncbi Transcriptional regulation by the phosphorylation-dependent factor CREB
    B Mayr
    Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, USA
    Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 2:599-609. 2001
    ..CREB is phosphorylated in response to various signals, but how is specificity achieved in these signalling pathways?..
  12. ncbi A homeodomain leucine zipper gene from Craterostigma plantagineum regulates abscisic acid responsive gene expression and physiological responses
    Xin Deng
    Max Planck Institut fur Zuchtungsforschung, Carl von Linne Weg 10, Cologne D 50829, Germany
    Plant Mol Biol 61:469-89. 2006
    ..CpHB-7 gene expression is also linked to early organ development, leading to the suggestion that CpHB-7 is functionally similar to the Arabidopsis transcription factor, ATHB-6...
  13. ncbi The mutant leucine-zipper domain impairs both dimerization and suppressive function of Foxp3 in T cells
    Wook Jin Chae
    Section of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 103:9631-6. 2006
    ..Taken together, our results provide insight into the mechanism that controls autoimmune diseases via the deletion of this single glutamic acid residue in the leucine-zipper domain of Foxp3...
  14. ncbi Transcriptional repression by Oshox1, a novel homeodomain leucine zipper protein from rice
    A H Meijer
    Institute of Molecular Plant Sciences, Leiden University, Clusius Laboratory, The Netherlands
    Plant J 11:263-76. 1997
    ..Repression was strictly dependent on the presence of upstream Oshox1 binding sites in the reporter gene constructs and a function of the N-terminal region of Oshox1, preceding the homeodomain...
  15. ncbi Mutations at the mouse microphthalmia locus are associated with defects in a gene encoding a novel basic-helix-loop-helix-zipper protein
    C A Hodgkinson
    Laboratory of Viral and Molecular Pathogenesis, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892
    Cell 74:395-404. 1993
    ..The multiple spontaneous and induced mutations available at mi provide a unique biological resource for studying the role of a bHLH-ZIP protein in mammalian development...
  16. ncbi Ectopic expression of the Arabidopsis transcriptional activator Athb-1 alters leaf cell fate in tobacco
    T Aoyama
    Laboratory of Plant Molecular Biology, Rockefeller University, New York, New York 10021 6339, USA
    Plant Cell 7:1773-85. 1995
    ..Plants with severe inducible phenotypes showed additional abnormality in cotyledon expansion. Our results suggest that Athb-1 is a transcription activator involved in leaf development...
  17. ncbi Duplication of a well-conserved homeodomain-leucine zipper transcription factor gene in barley generates a copy with more specific functions
    Shun Sakuma
    National Institute of Agrobiological Sciences, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
    Funct Integr Genomics 10:123-33. 2010
    ..HvHox2 was expressed in all organs examined but Vrs1 was predominantly expressed in immature inflorescence...
  18. ncbi A thermodynamic scale for leucine zipper stability and dimerization specificity: e and g interhelical interactions
    D Krylov
    Laboratory of Biochemistry, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892
    EMBO J 13:2849-61. 1994
    ..24 kcal/mol. R interacts with more specificity than K. Q forms more stable pairs with the basic amino acids K and R rather than with E. Changing amino acids in the e position to A creates bZIP proteins that form tetramers...
  19. ncbi Semirational design of Jun-Fos coiled coils with increased affinity: Universal implications for leucine zipper prediction and design
    Jody M Mason
    , , , D-79104 Freiburg, Germany
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 103:8989-94. 2006
    ..Indeed, in applying the algorithm to these 59(2) bZIP interactions, we were able to correctly identify 92% of all strong interactions and 92% of all noninteracting pairs...
  20. ncbi Structure of homeodomain-leucine zipper/DNA complexes studied using hydroxyl radical cleavage of DNA and methylation interference
    Adriana E Tron
    , Universidad Nacional del Litoral, CC 242 Paraje El Pozo, 3000 Santa Fe, Argentina
    Biochemistry 44:16796-803. 2005
    ..The results show that the structure of the complex formed by HD-Zip proteins with DNA is dependent upon both protein intrinsic characteristics and the nucleotides present at the central position of the recognition sequence...
  21. ncbi Dimerization of cGMP-dependent protein kinase 1alpha and the myosin-binding subunit of myosin phosphatase: role of leucine zipper domains
    Howard K Surks
    Molecular Cardiology Research Institute, Cardiology Division, Department of Medicine, New England Medical Center Hospitals, Inc, Tufts University School of Medicine, 750 Washington Street, Box 80, Boston, MA 02111, USA
    Cell Signal 15:937-44. 2003
    ..The contribution of these domains to both homodimerization and their specific interaction with each other suggest that additional regulatory mechanisms involving these domains may exist...
  22. ncbi Structure of homeobox-leucine zipper genes suggests a model for the evolution of gene families
    M Schena
    Department of Biochemistry, Beckman Center, Stanford University Medical Center, CA 94305 5307
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 91:8393-7. 1994
    ..This work has general implications for the evolution of regulatory genes...
  23. ncbi Interactions between the leucine-zipper motif of cGMP-dependent protein kinase and the C-terminal region of the targeting subunit of myosin light chain phosphatase
    Eunhee Lee
    Cardiovascular Program, Boston Biomedical Research Institute, Watertown, MA 02472, USA
    J Mol Biol 373:1198-212. 2007
    ..These results provide rationalization of some of the findings by others using alternative binding analyses...
  24. ncbi The true story of the HD-Zip family
    Federico D Ariel
    Cátedra de Biología Celular y Molecular, Facultad de Bioquimica y Ciencias Biologicas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, CONICET, CC 242 Ciudad Universitaria, 3000, Santa Fe, Argentina
    Trends Plant Sci 12:419-26. 2007
    ..Here, we review recent data for this family of transcription factors from a wide variety of plant species to unravel their crucial role in plant development...
  25. ncbi IFL1, a gene regulating interfascicular fiber differentiation in Arabidopsis, encodes a homeodomain-leucine zipper protein
    R Zhong
    Department of Botany, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, USA
    Plant Cell 11:2139-52. 1999
    ..Our results provide direct evidence that an HD-ZIP protein plays a role in the spatial control of fiber differentiation...
  26. ncbi Probing the interaction between the coiled coil leucine zipper of cGMP-dependent protein kinase Ialpha and the C terminus of the myosin binding subunit of the myosin light chain phosphatase
    Alok K Sharma
    Divison of Molecular and Vascular Medicine, Center for Vascular Biology Research, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA
    J Biol Chem 283:32860-9. 2008
    ..Taken together these data support a role for the LZ domain of PKG-Ialpha and the CC domain of MBS in this requisite contractile complex...
  27. ncbi A novel protein kinase with leucine zipper-like sequences: its catalytic domain is highly homologous to that of protein kinase C
    H Mukai
    Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Kobe University, Japan
    Biochem Biophys Res Commun 199:897-904. 1994
    ..Recombinant PKN revealed an intrinsic protein kinase activity associated with a 120K protein. This activity was abolished by mutation of the lysine residue in the potential ATP binding site...
  28. ncbi The leucine zipper of TFE3 dictates helix-loop-helix dimerization specificity
    H Beckmann
    Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia 19104 6148
    Genes Dev 5:1057-66. 1991
    ..Hence, in this "b-HLH-zip" class of proteins, the leucine zipper functions in concert with the HLH both to stabilize protein-protein interactions and to establish dimerization specificity...
  29. ncbi Isolation of homeodomain-leucine zipper genes from the moss Physcomitrella patens and the evolution of homeodomain-leucine zipper genes in land plants
    K Sakakibara
    National Institute for Basic Biology, Okazaki, Japan
    Mol Biol Evol 18:491-502. 2001
    ..Comparison of the genetic divergence of representative HD-Zip I and II genes showed that the evolutionary rate of HD-Zip I genes was faster than that of HD-Zip II genes...
  30. ncbi Stability of 100 homo and heterotypic coiled-coil a-a' pairs for ten amino acids (A, L, I, V, N, K, S, T, E, and R)
    Asha Acharya
    Laboratory of Metabolism, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
    Biochemistry 45:11324-32. 2006
    ..In contrast, the a-a' pairs containing charged amino acids (K, R, and E) show the least range in coupling energies and promiscuously encourage heterodimerization...
  31. ncbi Cross-family dimerization of transcription factors Fos/Jun and ATF/CREB alters DNA binding specificity
    T Hai
    Department of Medical Biochemistry, Ohio State University, Columbus 43210
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 88:3720-4. 1991
    ..These findings indicate that the Fos/Jun and ATF/CREB families of transcription factors are not as distinct as was previously thought. We suggest that they can be grouped into a superfamily of transcription factors...
  32. ncbi Control of Arabidopsis apical-basal embryo polarity by antagonistic transcription factors
    Zachery R Smith
    Plant Biology Laboratory, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92037, USA
    Nature 464:423-6. 2010
    ..Furthermore, genetic and misexpression studies show an antagonistic relationship between the PLT and HD-ZIP III genes in specifying the root and shoot poles...
  33. ncbi The Arabidopsis homeobox gene ATHB-7 is induced by water deficit and by abscisic acid
    E Soderman
    Department of Physiological Botany, University of Uppsala, Sweden
    Plant J 10:375-81. 1996
    ..These results indicate that ATHB-7 is transcriptionally regulated in an ABA-dependent manner and may act in a signal transduction pathway which mediates a drought response and also includes ABI1...
  34. ncbi Glucose and cAMP regulate the L-type pyruvate kinase gene by phosphorylation/dephosphorylation of the carbohydrate response element binding protein
    T Kawaguchi
    Department of Biochemistry, Dallas Veterans Affairs Medical Center and University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, 4500 South Lancaster Road, Dallas, TX 75223, USA
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 98:13710-5. 2001
    ..These results thus reveal mechanisms for regulation of ChREBP and the L-PK transcription by excess carbohydrate and cAMP...
  35. ncbi Visualization of interactions among bZIP and Rel family proteins in living cells using bimolecular fluorescence complementation
    Chang Deng Hu
    Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Department of Biological Chemistry, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
    Mol Cell 9:789-98. 2002
    ..These results attest to the general applicability of the BiFC assay for studies of protein interactions...
  36. ncbi A new homeodomain-leucine zipper gene from Arabidopsis thaliana induced by water stress and abscisic acid treatment
    Y H Lee
    Kumho Life and Environmental Science Laboratory, Kwangju City, Korea
    Plant Mol Biol 37:377-84. 1998
    ..Taken together, these data suggest that Athb-12 and Athb-7 are members of a related gene family involved in the plant's response to water stress...
  37. ncbi MEKHLA, a novel domain with similarity to PAS domains, is fused to plant homeodomain-leucine zipper III proteins
    Krishanu Mukherjee
    Department of Biosciences and Nutrition and Center for Genomics and Bioinformatics, Karolinska Institutet, SE-141 57 Huddinge, Sweden
    Plant Physiol 140:1142-50. 2006
    ..It is involved in light, oxygen, and redox potential sensation. The fact that HD-ZIP III proteins are transcription factors that have this sensory domain attached to their C terminus uncovers a potential new signaling pathway in plants...
  38. ncbi Overexpression of miR165 affects apical meristem formation, organ polarity establishment and vascular development in Arabidopsis
    Gong Ke Zhou
    Department of Plant Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
    Plant Cell Physiol 48:391-404. 2007
    ....
  39. ncbi Modulation of T-cell activation by the glucocorticoid-induced leucine zipper factor via inhibition of nuclear factor kappaB
    E Ayroldi
    Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Section of Pharmacology, University of Perugia, Via del Giochetto, 06100 Perugia, Italy
    Blood 98:743-53. 2001
    ..These results identify a new molecular mechanism involved in the dexamethasone-induced regulation of NF-kappaB activity and T-cell activation. (Blood. 2001;98:743-753)..
  40. ncbi Novel mutations in the NRL gene and associated clinical findings in patients with dominant retinitis pigmentosa
    Margaret M DeAngelis
    Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, 243 Charles St, Boston, MA 02114, USA
    Arch Ophthalmol 120:369-75. 2002
    ....
  41. ncbi Glucocorticoid hormone-induced modulation of gene expression and regulation of T-cell death: role of GITR and GILZ, two dexamethasone-induced genes
    C Riccardi
    Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Perugia, Via del Giochetto, 06100 Perugia, Italy
    Cell Death Differ 6:1182-9. 1999
    ..These observations indicate that this GCH-activated dual effect, induction and/or inhibition of T-cell death, requires transcription regulation...
  42. ncbi Mutations in a new gene in Ellis-van Creveld syndrome and Weyers acrodental dysostosis
    V L Ruiz-Perez
    Human Genetics Unit, School of Biochemistry and Genetics, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
    Nat Genet 24:283-6. 2000
    ..We suggest that EvC and Weyers acrodental dysostosis are allelic conditions...
  43. ncbi The Drosophila bunched gene is a homologue of the growth factor stimulated mammalian TSC-22 sequence and is required during oogenesis
    L L Dobens
    Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
    Mech Dev 65:197-208. 1997
    ..Clonal analysis shows that bun is required for the proper elaboration of dorsal cell fates leading to the formation of the dorsal appendages...
  44. ncbi A glucose-responsive transcription factor that regulates carbohydrate metabolism in the liver
    H Yamashita
    Dallas Veterans Affairs Medical Center and Department of Biochemistry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 4500 South Lancaster Road, Dallas, TX 75216, USA
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 98:9116-21. 2001
    ..ChREBP is likely critical for the optimal long-term storage of excess carbohydrates as fats, and may contribute to the imbalance between nutrient utilization and storage characteristic of obesity...
  45. ncbi Identification of activating transcription factor 4 (ATF4) as an Nrf2-interacting protein. Implication for heme oxygenase-1 gene regulation
    C H He
    Section of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
    J Biol Chem 276:20858-65. 2001
    ..These results indicate that ATF4 regulates basal and CdCl(2)-induced expression of the ho-1 gene in a cell-specific manner and possibly in a complex with Nrf2...
  46. ncbi DNA end-independent activation of DNA-PK mediated via association with the DNA-binding protein C1D
    U Yavuzer
    Wellcome Trust Cancer Research Campaign Institute of Cancer and Developmental Biology and Department of Zoology, Cambridge University, Cambridge CB2 1QR, UK
    Genes Dev 12:2188-99. 1998
    ..Finally, we establish that C1D directs the activation of DNA-PK in a manner that does not require DNA termini. Therefore, these studies provide a function for C1D and suggest novel mechanisms for DNA-PK activation in vivo...
  47. ncbi CPRF4a, a novel plant bZIP protein of the CPRF family: comparative analyses of light-dependent expression, post-transcriptional regulation, nuclear import and heterodimerisation
    S Kircher
    , , Germany
    Mol Gen Genet 257:595-605. 1998
    ....
  48. ncbi Zipper-interacting protein kinase induces Ca(2+)-free smooth muscle contraction via myosin light chain phosphorylation
    N Niiro
    Department of Physiology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts 01655, USA
    J Biol Chem 276:29567-74. 2001
    ..These results suggest that ZIP kinase is responsible for Ca(2+) independent myosin phosphorylation and contraction in smooth muscle...
  49. ncbi A new dexamethasone-induced gene of the leucine zipper family protects T lymphocytes from TCR/CD3-activated cell death
    F D'Adamio
    Department of Clinical Medicine, Pathology and Pharmacology, University of Perugia, Italy
    Immunity 7:803-12. 1997
    ..This antiapoptotic effect correlates with inhibition of Fas and Fas ligand expression. Thus, GILZ is a candidate transcription factor involved in the regulation of apoptosis of T cells...
  50. ncbi Combinatorial marking of cells and organelles with reconstituted fluorescent proteins
    Shifang Zhang
    Department of Biological Sciences, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
    Cell 119:137-44. 2004
    ..Furthermore, when one partial GFP polypeptide is fused with a subcellularly localized protein or peptide, this restricted expression leads to the fluorescent marking of cellular components in a subset of cells...
  51. ncbi Engineering the loop region of a homeodomain-leucine zipper protein promotes efficient binding to a monomeric DNA binding site
    Adriana E Tron
    Cátedra de Biología Celular y Molecular, Facultad de Bioquimica y Ciencias Biologicas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, CC 242 Paraje El Pozo, 3000 Santa Fe, Argentina
    Biochemistry 43:15845-51. 2004
    ..We conclude that the loop located between helix I and helix II of the HD must be regarded as one of the segments that contribute to the present-day diversity in the properties of different HDs...
  52. ncbi DNA-binding specificity of the PAR basic leucine zipper protein VBP partially overlaps those of the C/EBP and CREB/ATF families and is influenced by domains that flank the core basic region
    N B Haas
    Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19111
    Mol Cell Biol 15:1923-32. 1995
    ..Thus, whereas direct base contacts may be restricted to basic-region residues (as indicated by GCN4-DNA crystal structures), several other domains also influence the DNA-binding specificity of PAR bZIP proteins...
  53. ncbi Novel conserved sequence motifs in plant G-box binding proteins and implications for interactive domains
    I Meier
    Department of Plant Biology, University of California, Berkeley 94720
    Nucleic Acids Res 22:470-8. 1994
    ..These motifs likely define novel interactive domains in the different classes of GBFs that could provide a new tool to determine how distinct regulatory signals are transmitted through GBFs to activate transcription...
  54. ncbi Recognition by Max of its cognate DNA through a dimeric b/HLH/Z domain
    A R Ferré-D'amaré
    Laboratories of Molecular Biophysics, Rockefeller University, New York, New York 10021
    Nature 363:38-45. 1993
    ..The two alpha-helical segments are composed of the basic region plus helix 1 and helix 2 plus the leucine repeat, respectively. As in GCN4, the leucine repeat forms a parallel coiled coil...
  55. ncbi Hahb-10, a sunflower homeobox-leucine zipper gene, is regulated by light quality and quantity, and promotes early flowering when expressed in Arabidopsis
    Eva C Rueda
    , , Universidad Nacional del Litoral, CC 242 Paraje El Pozo, 3000 Santa Fe, Argentina
    Plant Cell Physiol 46:1954-63. 2005
    ..We propose that Hahb-10 functions in a signalling cascade(s) that control(s) plant responses to light quality and quantity, and may also be involved in gibberellin transduction pathways...
  56. ncbi AKAP79/150 anchoring of calcineurin controls neuronal L-type Ca2+ channel activity and nuclear signaling
    Seth F Oliveria
    Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
    Neuron 55:261-75. 2007
    ..Additionally, activation of the transcription factor NFATc4 via local Ca2+ influx through L-type channels requires AKAP79/150, suggesting that this signaling complex promotes neuronal L channel signaling to the nucleus through NFATc4...
  57. ncbi MYPT1 mutants demonstrate the importance of aa 888-928 for the interaction with PKGIalpha
    Allison M Given
    Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, Mayo Clinic, 200 1st Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
    Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 292:C432-9. 2007
    ..These results suggest that, during cGMP-mediated signaling, aa 888-928 of MYPT1 mediate the PKGIalpha-MYPT1 interaction...
  58. ncbi Microphthalmia-associated transcription factor as a regulator for melanocyte-specific transcription of the human tyrosinase gene
    K Yasumoto
    Department of Applied Physiology and Molecular Biology, Tohoku University School of Medicine, Miyagi, Japan
    Mol Cell Biol 14:8058-70. 1994
    ..These results indicate that MITF is a cell-type-specific factor that is capable of activating transcription of the tyrosinase gene...
  59. ncbi Molecular basis of mouse microphthalmia (mi) mutations helps explain their developmental and phenotypic consequences
    E Steingrimsson
    Mammalian Genetics Laboratory, ABL Basic Research Program, NCI Frederick Cancer Research and Development Center, Frederick, Maryland 21702
    Nat Genet 8:256-63. 1994
    ..These molecular data, combined with the extensive body of genetic data accumulated for murine mi, shed light on the phenotypic and developmental consequences of mi mutations and offer a mouse model for WS2...
  60. ncbi Isolation of a gene encoding a putative leucine zipper structure that is induced by transforming growth factor beta 1 and other growth factors
    M Shibanuma
    Department of Cancer Cell Research, University of Tokyo, Japan
    J Biol Chem 267:10219-24. 1992
    ..These results indicate that the TSC-22 gene is a new member of the family of early response genes, and encodes a small polypeptide that is a putative transcriptional regulator...
  61. ncbi Protein interaction cloning in yeast: identification of mammalian proteins that react with the leucine zipper of Jun
    P M Chevray
    Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 89:5789-93. 1992
    ..Our results illustrate the range of protein interaction cloning for discovering proteins that bind to a given target polypeptide...
  62. ncbi The Drosophila homeotic target gene centrosomin (cnn) encodes a novel centrosomal protein with leucine zippers and maps to a genomic region required for midgut morphogenesis
    J G Heuer
    Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Indiana University, Bloomington 47405, USA
    Development 121:3861-76. 1995
    ....
  63. ncbi Thermodynamic analysis of the heterodimerization of leucine zippers of Jun and Fos transcription factors
    Kenneth L Seldeen
    Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and the UM SylVester Braman Family Breast Cancer Institute, Leonard Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, 1011 NW 15th Street, Gautier Building, Room 214, Miami, FL 33136, USA
    Biochem Biophys Res Commun 375:634-8. 2008
    ..technique of isothermal titration calorimetry, we characterize the thermodynamics of heterodimerization of leucine zippers of Jun and Fos...
  64. ncbi Characterization of Solt, a novel SoxLZ/Sox6 binding protein expressed in adult mouse testis
    A Yamashita
    Department of Biosciences, School of Science, Kitasato University, 1 15 1 Kitasato, Sagamihara, 228, Kanagawa, Japan
    FEBS Lett 481:147-51. 2000
    ....
  65. ncbi Structure, function, and dynamics of the dimerization and DNA-binding domain of oncogenic transcription factor v-Myc
    W Fieber
    Institute of Organic Chemistry and
    J Mol Biol 307:1395-410. 2001
    ..The restricted conformational space of the v-Myc bHLHZip domain reduces the entropy penalty associated with heterodimerization and allows rapid and accurate recognition by the authentic Myc binding partner Max...
  66. ncbi Dimerization of sterol regulatory element-binding protein 2 via the helix-loop-helix-leucine zipper domain is a prerequisite for its nuclear localization mediated by importin beta
    E Nagoshi
    Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565 0871, Japan
    Mol Cell Biol 21:2779-89. 2001
    ..These results indicate that dimerization is a prerequisite process for the nuclear import of SREBP-2 mediated by importin beta...
  67. ncbi The Arabidopsis abscisic acid response gene ABI5 encodes a basic leucine zipper transcription factor
    R R Finkelstein
    Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106, USA
    Plant Cell 12:599-609. 2000
    ..Comparison of seed and ABA-inducible vegetative gene expression in wild-type and abi5-1 plants indicates that ABI5 regulates a subset of late embryogenesis-abundant genes during both developmental stages...
  68. ncbi Zhangfei: a second cellular protein interacts with herpes simplex virus accessory factor HCF in a manner similar to Luman and VP16
    R Lu
    Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, 52 Campus Drive, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5B4, Canada
    Nucleic Acids Res 28:2446-54. 2000
    ..The ability of ZF to block the synthesis of the HSV IE protein ICP0 relied on its binding to HCF, since a mutant of ZF that was unable to bind HCF was also unable to prevent viral IE protein expression...
  69. ncbi MondoA, a novel basic helix-loop-helix-leucine zipper transcriptional activator that constitutes a positive branch of a max-like network
    A N Billin
    Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112 5550, USA
    Mol Cell Biol 20:8845-54. 2000
    ..We propose that Mlx, like Max, functions as the center of a transcription factor network...
  70. ncbi ATF-7, a novel bZIP protein, interacts with the PRL-1 protein-tyrosine phosphatase
    C S Peters
    Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia 19104 6145, USA
    J Biol Chem 276:13718-26. 2001
    ....
  71. ncbi A novel zinc finger protein, ZZaPK, interacts with ZAK and stimulates the ZAK-expressing cells re-entering the cell cycle
    Jaw Ji Yang
    School of Dentistry, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
    Biochem Biophys Res Commun 301:71-7. 2003
    ..The model proposed here is that ZAK might play a role as an upstream signal to suppress the ZZaPK function and decrease E2F expression...
  72. ncbi A set of Hox proteins interact with the Maf oncoprotein to inhibit its DNA binding, transactivation, and transforming activities
    K Kataoka
    Department of Virology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, 4 6 1 Shirokanedai, Minato ku 108 8639, Tokyo, Japan
    J Biol Chem 276:819-26. 2001
    ..These results suggested that the interaction of a set of Hox proteins with Maf family members may interfere not only with their oncogenicity but also with their physiological roles...
  73. ncbi DNA-binding and dimerization preferences of Arabidopsis homeodomain-leucine zipper transcription factors in vitro
    H Johannesson
    Department of Evolutionary Biology, Physiological Botany, Uppsala, Sweden
    Plant Mol Biol 45:63-73. 2001
    ..Heterodimer formation between class I HDZip proteins is of potential functional significance for the integration of information from different signalling pathways in the control of plant development...
  74. ncbi A rice functional transcriptional activator, RISBZ1, responsible for endosperm-specific expression of storage protein genes through GCN4 motif
    Y Onodera
    Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Agrobiological Resources, Kannondai 2-1-2, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8602, Japan
    J Biol Chem 276:14139-52. 2001
    ..These findings suggest that the specific expression of transcriptional activator RISBZ1 gene may determine the endosperm specificity of the storage protein genes...
  75. ncbi Antagonistic role of E4BP4 and PAR proteins in the circadian oscillatory mechanism
    S Mitsui
    Department of Anatomy and Brain Science, Kobe University School of Medicine, Chuo-ku, Kobe 650-0017, Japan
    Genes Dev 15:995-1006. 2001
    ..E4BP4 and the PAR proteins may switch back and forth between the on-off conditions of the target genes...
  76. ncbi CREB-H: a novel mammalian transcription factor belonging to the CREB/ATF family and functioning via the box-B element with a liver-specific expression
    Y Omori
    Otsuka GEN Research Institute, Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co Ltd, 463 10 Kagasuno, Kawauchi cho, Tokushima 771 0192, Japan
    Nucleic Acids Res 29:2154-62. 2001
    ....
  77. ncbi SREBP-1 dimerization specificity maps to both the helix-loop-helix and leucine zipper domains: use of a dominant negative
    Vikas Rishi
    Laboratory of Metabolism, NCI, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
    J Biol Chem 279:11863-74. 2004
    ..Transient co-transfection studies demonstrate that A-SREBP-1 can inhibit the transactivation of SREBP-1 and SREBP-2 but not USF. A-SREBP-1 may be useful in metabolic diseases where SREBP family members are overexpressed...
  78. ncbi The bZIP region of the plant transcription factor opaque-2 forms stable homodimers in solution and retains its helical structure upon subunit dissociation
    Vitor Hugo Moreau
    Centro Nacional de Ressonância Magnética Nuclear de Macromoléculas, Departamento Bioquímica Médica, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
    Biochemistry 43:4862-8. 2004
    ....
  79. ncbi X-ray structures of Myc-Max and Mad-Max recognizing DNA. Molecular bases of regulation by proto-oncogenic transcription factors
    Satish K Nair
    Laboratories of Molecular Biophysics, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The Rockefeller University, 1230 York Avenue, New York, NY 10021, USA
    Cell 112:193-205. 2003
    ..The Myc-Max heterodimer, but not its Mad-Max counterpart, dimerizes to form a bivalent heterotetramer, which explains how Myc can upregulate expression of genes with promoters bearing widely separated E boxes...
  80. ncbi A novel heterodimerization domain, CRM1, and 14-3-3 control subcellular localization of the MondoA-Mlx heterocomplex
    Alanna L Eilers
    Huntsman Cancer Institute, Department of Oncological Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112 5550, USA
    Mol Cell Biol 22:8514-26. 2002
    ..Second, an extracellular signal(s) must overcome the cytoplasmic localization function imparted by CRM1 and 14-3-3 binding to the N terminus of MondoA...
  81. ncbi B-ZIP proteins encoded by the Drosophila genome: evaluation of potential dimerization partners
    Jan Fassler
    Computational Biology Branch, National Center for Biotechnology Information, National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20814, USA
    Genome Res 12:1190-200. 2002
    ..hydrophobic interface like the yeast GCN4, and the mammalian JUN, ATF2, CREB, C/EBP, and PAR leucine zippers, characterized by asparagine in the second 'a' position...
  82. ncbi Heme regulates gene expression by triggering Crm1-dependent nuclear export of Bach1
    Hiroshi Suzuki
    Department of Biomedical Chemistry, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Hiroshima, Japan
    EMBO J 23:2544-53. 2004
    ..This region functioned as a heme-regulated NES dependent on the exporter Crm1. These results extend the regulatory roles for heme in protein sorting, and suggest that Bach1 transduces metabolic activity into gene expression...
  83. ncbi Transcriptional and DNA binding activity of the Foxp1/2/4 family is modulated by heterotypic and homotypic protein interactions
    Shanru Li
    Department of Medicine, Molecular Cardiology Research Center, University of Pennsylvania, 421 Curie Boulevard, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
    Mol Cell Biol 24:809-22. 2004
    ..These data reveal a complex regulatory mechanism underlying Foxp1, Foxp2, and Foxp4 activity, demonstrating that Foxp1, Foxp2, and Foxp4 are the first Fox proteins reported whose activity is regulated by homo- and heterodimerization...
  84. ncbi BZI-1 specifically heterodimerises with the tobacco bZIP transcription factors BZI-2, BZI-3/TBZF and BZI-4, and is functionally involved in flower development
    A Strathmann
    , , , , Germany
    Plant J 28:397-408. 2001
    ..Based on these data, we discuss a model postulating BZI transcription factor heterodimerisation as a mechanism determining target gene selection and regulating processes involved in plant development...
  85. ncbi Crystal structure of ATF-2/c-Jun and IRF-3 bound to the interferon-beta enhancer
    Daniel Panne
    Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
    EMBO J 23:4384-93. 2004
    ..Because the binding sites overlap on the enhancer, the unit of recognition is the entire nucleotide sequence, not the individual subsites...
  86. ncbi A GCN4 variant with a C-terminal basic region binds to DNA with wild-type affinity
    J J Hollenbeck
    Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, USA
    Biochemistry 40:13833-9. 2001
    ..These results suggest that a thermodynamic basis for the observed N-terminal positioning of the basic region relative to the dimerization domain is unlikely...
  87. ncbi Induction of jlbA mRNA synthesis for a putative bZIP protein of Aspergillus nidulans by amino acid starvation
    A W Strittmatter
    Institut fur Mikrobiologie und Genetik, Georg August Universitat, Gottingen, Germany
    Curr Genet 39:327-34. 2001
    ..This induction is partially dependent and partially independent on the presence of the transcription factor CPCA. Therefore jlbA is a novel gene of A. nidulans which is transcriptionally activated by amino acid starvation conditions...
  88. ncbi Viral mutations enhance the Max binding properties of the vMyc b-HLH-LZ domain
    D H Crouch
    Biomedical Research Centre, University of Dundee, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, Dundee, DD1 9SY, UK
    Nucleic Acids Res 33:5235-42. 2005
    ..We therefore propose that this virally derived mutation is functional by significantly contributing to establishing a more hydrophobic interface between the LZs of Myc and Max...
  89. ncbi Tisp40, a spermatid specific bZip transcription factor, functions by binding to the unfolded protein response element via the Rip pathway
    Ippei Nagamori
    Department of Molecular Genetics, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Yamadaoka 3 1, Suita City, Osaka, Japan
    Genes Cells 10:575-94. 2005
    ..These observations unveil a novel event in mouse spermiogenesis and show that the final stage of transcriptional regulation is controlled by the Rip pathway...
  90. ncbi The dimerization domain of HNF-1alpha: structure and plasticity of an intertwined four-helix bundle with application to diabetes mellitus
    N Narayana
    Department of Biochemistry, Case Western Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44106-4935, USA
    J Mol Biol 310:635-58. 2001
    ..We propose that a glycine-specific turn configuration enables specific interactions between the mini-zipper and the C-terminal coiled-coil...
  91. ncbi SREBP-1, a basic-helix-loop-helix-leucine zipper protein that controls transcription of the low density lipoprotein receptor gene
    C Yokoyama
    Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas 75235
    Cell 75:187-97. 1993
    ..We suggest that SREBP-1 is regulated by an unknown factor that is overwhelmed when SREBP-1 is overexpressed. Understanding the regulation of SREBP-1 may be crucial for understanding the control of plasma cholesterol in humans...
  92. ncbi Rapid stimulation of a soybean protein-serine kinase that phosphorylates a novel bZIP DNA-binding protein, G/HBF-1, during the induction of early transcription-dependent defenses
    W Dröge-Laser
    Plant Biology Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
    EMBO J 16:726-38. 1997
    ....
  93. ncbi Activity and expression of murine small Maf family protein MafK
    K Igarashi
    Department of Biochemistry, Tohoku University School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
    J Biol Chem 270:7615-24. 1995
    ..mRNA for MafK is expressed in fractions enriched for hematopoietic stem cells as well as erythroid cells, suggesting that MafK plays an important regulatory role in hematopoiesis...
  94. ncbi The proto-oncogene HLF and the related basic leucine zipper protein TEF display highly similar DNA-binding and transcriptional regulatory properties
    S P Hunger
    Section of Pediatric Hematology Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Denver, CO, USA
    Blood 87:4607-17. 1996
    ..Thus, TEF and HLF share indistinguishable DNA-binding and transcriptional regulatory properties, whose alteration in leukemia may be pathogenetically important...
  95. ncbi Human small Maf proteins form heterodimers with CNC family transcription factors and recognize the NF-E2 motif
    T Toki
    Department of Pediatrics, Hirosaki University, Japan
    Oncogene 14:1901-10. 1997
    ..The results suggest that the small Maf family proteins function in human cells through interaction with various basic-leucine zipper-type transcription factors...
  96. ncbi Rox, a novel bHLHZip protein expressed in quiescent cells that heterodimerizes with Max, binds a non-canonical E box and acts as a transcriptional repressor
    G Meroni
    Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine TIGEM, San Raffaele Biomedical Science Park, Milan, Italy
    EMBO J 16:2892-906. 1997
    ..3 in a region that frequently undergoes loss of heterozygosity in a number of malignancies, together with the biochemical and expression features, suggest involvement of ROX in human neoplasia...
  97. ncbi Differential interaction of the dual alpha tropomyosin/N5 enhancer with multiple DNA binding proteins: N5 is a putative novel z-ZIP DNA binding protein
    N Ruiz-Opazo
    Section of Molecular Genetics, Whitaker Cardiovascular Institute, Boston University School of Medicine, MA 02118
    Cell Mol Biol Res 40:265-72. 1994
    ....
  98. ncbi DNA-binding properties, genomic organization and expression pattern of TGA6, a new member of the TGA family of bZIP transcription factors in Arabidopsis thaliana
    C Xiang
    AgBiotech Center, Cook College, Rutgers, State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick 08903, USA
    Plant Mol Biol 34:403-15. 1997
    ..The expression pattern of TGA6 reported here is strikingly similar to that of an Arabidopsis acidic chitinase gene. Possible biological significance of TGA6 in cellular defense against pathogens and abiotic stress is discussed...
  99. ncbi ACGT and vicilin core sequences in a promoter domain required for seed-specific expression of a 2S storage protein gene are recognized by the opaque-2 regulatory protein
    M Vincentz
    , , SAIN, Brasilia DF, Brazil
    Plant Mol Biol 34:879-89. 1997
    ..Thus, these sites may be in vivo regulatory sequences mediating activation by bZIP regulatory proteins...
  100. ncbi hMAF, a small human transcription factor that heterodimerizes specifically with Nrf1 and Nrf2
    M G Marini
    Istituto di Clinica e Biologia dell Età Evolutiva, Universita di Cagliari, Cagliari 09121, Italy
    J Biol Chem 272:16490-7. 1997
    ..Thus variations in the expression of hMAF may account for the modulation in the activity of the genes that bear NFE2 recognition sites...
  101. ncbi A gene that is related to SRY and is expressed in the testes encodes a leucine zipper-containing protein
    N Takamatsu
    Department of Biosciences, School of Science, Kitasato University, Kanagawa, Japan
    Mol Cell Biol 15:3759-66. 1995
    ..Thus, the repressed transactivation of the intact SOX-LZ in CHO cells was primarily attributable to the low level of DNA binding of SOX-LZ homodimers...

Research Grants96

  1. Ion channel regulation by macromolecular complexes
    Steven Marx; Fiscal Year: 2004
    ..and are regulated by phosphorylation, understanding the mechanism(s) of specific modulator targeting via leucine zippers may lead to a new paradigm for the study of ion channel regulation...
  2. Regulation of HTLV-1 and cellular gene transcription by the viral protein HBZ
    ISABELLE MICHELE LEMASSON; Fiscal Year: 2010
    ..a basic leucine zipper (bZIP) domain that promotes protein dimerization through interactions with appropriate leucine zippers in other proteins...
  3. The FIAT-ATF4 interaction and the control of bone mass
    Rene St Arnaud; Fiscal Year: 2010
    ..Co-I.P. and transient transfection assays with site-specific mutants will identify the functional leucine zippers within FIAT and ATF4 and examine the role of phosphorylation by RSK2 on the FIAT-ATF4 interaction...
  4. The FIAT-ATF4 interaction and the control of bone mass
    Rene St Arnaud; Fiscal Year: 2009
    ..Co-I.P. and transient transfection assays with site-specific mutants will identify the functional leucine zippers within FIAT and ATF4 and examine the role of phosphorylation by RSK2 on the FIAT-ATF4 interaction...
  5. The FIAT-ATF4 interaction and the control of bone mass
    Rene St Arnaud; Fiscal Year: 2007
    ..Co-I.P. and transient transfection assays with site-specific mutants will identify the functional leucine zippers within FIAT and ATF4 and examine the role of phosphorylation by RSK2 on the FIAT-ATF4 interaction...
  6. Regulation of Monocyte and Granulocyte Lineage Specification
    Alan D Friedman; Fiscal Year: 2010
    ..To study the role of specific heterodimers, we developed acid and basic leucine zippers (LZE, LZK) and find that C/EBPa:c-Jun or C/EBPa:c-Fos induce monopoiesis with far greater potency than does C/..
  7. Regulation of Monocyte and Granulocyte Lineage Specification
    Alan D Friedman; Fiscal Year: 2011
    ..To study the role of specific heterodimers, we developed acid and basic leucine zippers (LZE, LZK) and find that C/EBPa:c-Jun or C/EBPa:c-Fos induce monopoiesis with far greater potency than does C/..
  8. Centrosomin and Centrosomes in Cell Division
    TIMOTHY MEGRAW; Fiscal Year: 2007
    ..Cnn is a phosphoprotein with three putative leucine zippers, extensive coiled-coil domains, and two novel motifs that are highly conserved across species...
  9. REGULATION OF NFKB AND IKK BY PROINFLAMMATORY STIMULI
    Michael Karin; Fiscal Year: 2002
    ..These proteins, IKKa and IKKb, are serine kinases that interact through leucine zippers and contact important regulatory subunits through helix-loop-helix (HLH) motifs...
  10. REGULATION OF CARDIAC MYOCYTE DIFFERENTIATION
    David Bader; Fiscal Year: 2005
    ..These proteins are very large (350 kD) and have a conserved array of protein domains that include 11 leucine zippers, a spectrin repeat, an atypical Rb-binding domain, a myc-type HLH-binding domain and a nuclear localization ..
  11. ATF3 and iNOS in Islet Distruction and Graft Rejection
    Tsonwin Hai; Fiscal Year: 2010
    ..abstract_text> ..
  12. ATF3 in Beta cell signaling, expression & destruction
    Tsonwin Hai; Fiscal Year: 2006
    ..Blood glucose levels and diabetes incidence will be analyzed to determine whether ATF3 knockout mice are less sensitive to STZ than wild type mice. ..
  13. ATF3 and iNOS in Islet Destruction and Graft Rejection
    Tsonwin Hai; Fiscal Year: 2007
    ....
  14. Optimization of Bimolecular Fluorescence Complementation Probes for New Imaging F
    Tom Kerppola; Fiscal Year: 2009
    ..This work will improve our understanding of interactions among cellular components that are important for the health of the cell and the organism. ..
  15. Optimization of Bimolecular Fluorescence Complementation Probes for New Imaging F
    Tom Kerppola; Fiscal Year: 2009
    ..This work will improve our understanding of interactions among cellular components that are important for the health of the cell and the organism. ..
  16. ATF3, a stress-inducible gene, in tumorigenesis and metastasis
    Tsonwin Hai; Fiscal Year: 2010
    ..Thus, to combat breast cancer, it is essential to better understand its metastasis. This proposal investigates a master switch gene that regulates breast cancer metastasis. ..
  17. Optimization of Bimolecular Fluorescence Complementation Probes for New Imaging F
    Tzvi Tzfira; Fiscal Year: 2010
    ..This work will improve our understanding of interactions among cellular components that are important for the health of the cell and the organism. ..
  18. Visualization of Combinatorial Epigenetic Marks and Complexes in Animals Using Fl
    Tom Kerppola; Fiscal Year: 2010
    ..In this project, we develop molecules that enable researchers to see the combinations of tags in individual cells in living animals. ..
  19. Basic and Cancer Immunology
    Christopher Wilson; Fiscal Year: 2006
    ..The goal of this training program is the selection and rigorous training of an outstanding group of young scientists, who will contribute disproportionately to the conduct of important research in cancer-related immunology. ..
  20. TRANSCRIPTIONAL REGULATION OF CARDIOMYOCYTE DEVELOPMENT
    Gordon Huggins; Fiscal Year: 2003
    ..They should also be relevant to understanding the molecular pathophysiology of a number of clinically important inherited and acquired cardiovascular diseases. ..
  21. Human Mitochondrial DNA Mutations in Aging
    Giuseppe Attardi; Fiscal Year: 2005
    ..The achievements of the above aims will have important implications for understanding the role of these novel mtDNA mutations in aging, as well as their possible involvement in aging-related degenerative diseases. ..
  22. TRANSCRIPTIONAL CONTROL OF TH2 CELL DIFFERENTIATION
    Wei Ping Zheng; Fiscal Year: 2004
    ..It is proposed that knowledge gained from these studies will advance understanding and improve treatment of immunological diseases such as allergy and infection where Th2 responses are critical. ..
  23. Dimeric Cys2His2 Zinc Finger Proteins for Gene Targeting
    Scot A Wolfe; Fiscal Year: 2010
    ..Understanding how to improve the characteristics of these artificial systems will be the focus of this study. ..
  24. REGULATION OF HIK1 IN SECRETORY DIARRHEA
    DANIEL DEVOR; Fiscal Year: 2001
    ..These studies will be carried out using TEVC and excised patch-clamp techniques. A complete understanding of the mechanism of clotrimazone block will be important for the treatment of sickle cell anemia and, potentially, diarrhea. ..
  25. Assembly and Trafficking of IK1 and SK3 in Endothelia
    Daniel C Devor; Fiscal Year: 2010
    ..Our studies will provide novel insight into how these processes can be manipulated for clinical gain. ..
  26. Function of the chromosomal kinase haspin in mitosis
    JONATHAN M HIGGINS; Fiscal Year: 2010
    ..A greater knowledge of the role of human haspin in this process will help us understand the defects that underlie transformation and may lead to new approaches to block the division of cancer cells. ..
  27. AATF and Renal Protection
    Qing Guo; Fiscal Year: 2010
    ....
  28. DEGRADATION OF E12/E47 IN SMOOTH MUSCLE CELLS
    Gordon Huggins; Fiscal Year: 2002
    ..The laboratory encompasses 12,000 square feet and is equipped with instruments designed for research in cellular and molecular biology. (End of Abstract) ..
  29. Profiles of Sucsceptibility to Toxicant Stress
    William Kaufmann; Fiscal Year: 2007
    ..The UNC-CH toxicogenomics research program has the scientific expertise and organizational infrastructure to provide significant and substantial benefits to the Toxicogenomics Research Consortium. ..
  30. Roles of ATM and ATR Kinases in DNA Damage Responses
    Robert Abraham; Fiscal Year: 2004
    ....
  31. USE OF ADIPOSE-DERIVED PREADIPOCYTES IN BONE DISOREDERS
    Jeffrey Gimble; Fiscal Year: 2002
    ..This has commercial application to orthopedic and periodontal surgical treatments of joint replacement, fracture repair, and bone resorption secondary to tooth decay...
  32. Motif-based elucidation of protein modification codes
    JONATHAN HIGGINS; Fiscal Year: 2006
    ..The development of methodology to determine the functional impact of these marks is therefore a critical requirement for future work in all areas of biomedicine. ..
  33. Molecular Analysis of the Human Aqueous Outflow Pathway
    MICHAEL FAUTSCH; Fiscal Year: 2007
    ..abstract_text> ..
  34. Molecular Determinants of K+ Channel Regulation in Heart
    Robert Kass; Fiscal Year: 2004
    ..abstract_text> ..