occupational exposure

..20). This is the first human study to link altered DNA methylation, reproducing the aberrant epigenetic patterns found in malignant cells, to low-level carcinogen exposure...

..We also evaluated whether PAH-induced DNA methylation states were in turn associated with micronuclei in PBLs, an indicator of chromosomal instability...

..The establishment of principles and test procedures to ensure safe manufacture and use of nanomaterials in the marketplace is urgently required and achievable...

..We examined risk of parkinsonism in occupations (agriculture, education, health care, welding, and mining) and toxicant exposures (solvents and pesticides) putatively associated with parkinsonism...

..Mycotoxin-producing and pathogenic species have to be detected specifically, however, because of their higher toxicity...

..The fraction of COPD attributable to work was estimated as 19.2% overall and 31.1% among never smokers...

..We estimated the current burden of cancer in Britain attributable to past occupational exposures for International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) group 1 (established) and 2A (probable) carcinogens...

..in Central Europe (1,097 cases and 1,476 controls) specifically designed to assess risk associated with occupational exposure to TCE through analysis of detailed job histories...

..How prevalence is affected by SES has not been previously established...

..The toxicological hazard assessment of potential human exposures to airborne CNTs and occupational exposure limits for these novel compounds are discussed in detail...

..Parkinson's disease (PD) has been associated with various workplace factors, but the evidence is inconsistent...

..However, no information is available about MRSA carriage in humans after short-term occupational exposure to pigs or veal calves...

..b>Occupational exposure during the longest-held job was determined by self-reported exposure to vapours, gas, dust or fumes and ..

..3% in the exposed group and 14.0% among the controls. These findings do not support the hypothesis that cement dust exposure has a negative impact on lung function or gives an increase in respiratory symptoms...

..Points are illustrated using data from a study of dioxin and cancer...

..We studied the prevalence of antibodies against H5N1 in poultry workers and cullers who were active in the program in Ho Chi Minh City in 2004 and 2005...

....

..The study was also designed to compare standard theoretical predictions of sampling efficiency, which rely on several assumptions about the data structure, with 'true' efficiency as determined by bootstrap simulations...

..To investigate the influence of maternal working conditions on fertility and pregnancy outcomes...

..The authors illustrate the methods by using a range of scenarios for reducing lung cancer due to occupational exposure to respirable crystalline silica...

Several studies have suggested an association between occupational exposure to solvents and lymphoma risk. However, findings are inconsistent and the role of specific chemicals is not known...

..Although mitochondria are both the major intracellular source and target of oxidative stress, the effect of PM on mitochondria has never been evaluated in exposed individuals...

..Refinement of the algorithm may be possible using the results from this and other measurement studies...

..The purpose of this study was to examine the etiological link between lung cancer and these metals in occupations, that usually entail lower levels of exposure than those seen in historical cohorts...

..If similar data become available for Quebec, perhaps these two size distributions can be used to eliminate the discrepancy between these two studies...

..The authors assessed the effects of environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) on the development of asthma in adults...

....

..The use of occupational cohort studies to assess the association of benzene and lymphoma is complicated by problems with exposure misclassification, outcome classification, and low statistical power...

..Asbestos-contaminated Libby vermiculite was used in loose-fill attic insulation that remains in millions of homes in the United States, Canada, and other countries...

..The results demonstrated that the NEAT was useful in evaluating emissions and that readily available engineering controls can be applied to minimize nanomaterial emissions...

..Although this was a relatively large study based on a well-defined target population, the workers we studied may not be representative of all exposed workers, and caution should be exercised in generalizing our results...

..MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are highly conserved, noncoding small RNAs that regulate the expression of broad gene networks at the posttranscriptional level...

..Previously, we have shown elevated risks for mortality and cancer mortality in this cohort. The purpose of the current, third follow-up, is to provide an updated assessment of cause-specific mortality for both factories...

..Further studies will be important to better assess the role of tobacco and other occupational exposures in our risk estimates...

..These data further support increasing surveillance and other preparedness efforts to include not only confinement poultry facilities, but more importantly, also small scale farms...

..The study also describes new applications of contemporary proteomic methodology for characterizing and standardizing MDI-albumin conjugates destined for use in clinical research...

..New, precautionary approaches that recognise the unique vulnerability of the developing brain are needed for testing and control of chemicals...

..We reviewed epidemiologic evidence related to occupational pesticide exposures and cancer incidence in the Agricultural Health Study (AHS) cohort...

..To explore the precision of task based estimates of upper arm elevation in three occupational groups, compared to direct measurements of job exposure...

....

....

..As such, agricultural workers are at greater risk of pesticide exposure than non-agricultural workers. However, the magnitude, characteristics and trend of acute pesticide poisoning among agricultural workers are unknown...

..This Review analyses some of the methods that have been used to define asthma phenotypes and proposes an integrated method of classification to improve our understanding of these phenotypes...

..Rate of perceived exertion showed low correlation with heart rate ratio within the two occupational groups, but high, 0.64 when the two groups were combined. Age and complaints explained 31% of the variance for the cleaners...

..The presented data can be used as a basis for assessing occupational exposure in population-based epidemiological studies and guide future exposure assessment efforts for industrial ..

..for most of the second half of the 20th century and this resource has allowed us to identify trends in occupational exposure. It is most important that longitudinal exposure data continue to be collected along with relevant ..

..We conclude that the animal and epidemiologic data reviewed do not provide sufficient evidence to support a causal association between pesticide exposure and PD...

..Multivariate modeling showed that workers who seldom used gloves (odds ratio [OR] 30.3) or who smoked (OR 18.7) most frequently had evidence of previous H1N1 swine virus. These findings may be valuable in planning for pandemic influenza...

..Although baker's asthma (BA) is a common occupational asthma, there have been few reports on this disease in Korean subjects...

..Further follow-up of this cohort should help clarify the relation between pesticide exposure and breast cancer risk...

..Although methylene diphenyl diisocyanate (MDI) is widely used in many industries, there have been few immunological studies of MDI-induced occupational asthma...

..Although pesticide exposure was identified as candidate risk factor, more well-designed studies are needed to provide a definitive answer about exogenous factors of ALS...

..To study the relationship between respiratory/allergic disorders and chronic environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) exposure to husband or at workplace among non-smoking women of a general population in Italy...

..In addition, we recommend three primary prevention strategies for lead poisoning: identify sources, eliminate or control sources, and monitor environmental exposures and hazards...

..Previous studies of measured hexavalent chromium exposure and lung cancer risk have not examined cigarette smoking as a risk factor...

..Fourteen horses and one human being died. A novel virus was isolated from those affected and named equine morbillivirus (EMV). We report a case of encephalitis caused by this virus...

..The cancer risk estimates are consistent with values used to set radiation protection standards...

..Organic solvents have been associated with renal cell cancer; however, the risk by gender and type of solvents is nuclear...

Interest in diseases of the nervous system resulting from occupational exposure to mixed organic solvents has greatly increased...

....

..A reduction of the external Hg burden on Mt. Diwata is urgently recommended. An attempt to treat the intoxicated participants with the chelating agent dimercaptopropanesulfonic acid (DMPS) is planned...

..We aimed to study mortality for asbestos related diseases and the incidence of mesothelioma in a cohort of Italian asbestos cement workers after cessation of asbestos exposure...

..There was a higher seroconversion in HCW who received the full set of HBV vaccines. In HCW with positive serology, the factors that presented greatest risks were time in service, work-related injuries and maximum risk sector...

..The studies to date have shown that the presence of ferruginous bodies is an indication of past occupational exposure. In the present study, a digestion procedure was carried out on bronchoalveolar lavage material collected ..

....

..R. Grace worker, and being a male. In addition to being a former W.R. Grace worker, environmental exposures and other nonoccupational risk factors were also important predictors of asbestos-related radiographic abnormalities...

..We therefore aimed to estimate the relative and attributable risks of new-onset asthma in relation to occupations, work-related exposures, and inhalation accidents...

..Based on these considerations, and a discussion fo the associated uncertainties, a series of quantified risk summary statements for different elvels of cumulative exposure are presented...

b>Occupational exposure is an important risk factor for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and silica dust is one of the most important occupational respiratory toxins...

....

..The purpose of the study is to investigate the cross-sectional and prospective relation between workplace secondhand smoke (SHS) exposure and respiratory symptoms...

..The logistic regression model is freely available on the internet and may offer a useful but inexpensive adjunct to the prediction of occupational asthma hazard...

..Limited information on total dust exposure did not suggest that dust exposure was an important confounder or modified the effect. These results provide a more secure basis for risk assessment than was previously available...

..The mean time weighted average formaldehyde exposure at the plants in the early 1980s was 0.15 ppm but past exposures may have been substantially higher...

..There is a lack of rigorous legislation and regulations to control pesticides as well as training programs for personnel to inspect and monitor use and to initiate training programs for pesticide consumers...

..However, the recent development of defined mutagenesis systems for Leptospira heralds the potential for gaining a much improved understanding of pathogenesis in leptospirosis...

....

..g., for the typical inhaled-dose conditions for which worker exposure limits to GBP are promulgated...

..Integrating evidence from all available studies that are of sufficient quality combined with flexible meta-regression models is likely to provide better insight into the functional relation between benzene exposure and risk of leukemia...

..The purpose of this study was to describe psychosocial work environment inequalities among wage earners in Spain and Denmark...

..The aim of this study was to make a quantitative assessment of the exposure-response relationships between work-related physical and psychosocial factors and the occurrence of carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) in occupational populations...

..Adjusting for sex, race, age and smoking status, 20 years of occupational exposure to any metal was not associated with PD...

..We examine the incidence and exposure-response relationships of these cancers among 2,968 women and girls exposed to blue asbestos at Wittenoom, Western Australia...

..Information on the reproductive effects of chemical exposures in dental work is sparse or inconsistent...

..Because exposures vary by type of farm operation, exposures for individual farmers can differ considerably. Studies in the future need to focus on the full range of exposures to fully understand the cancer pattern in farmers...

..Researchers conducting these types of studies will be able to use results of the measurements to quantify tetrachloroethylene exposure levels for various jobs...

..and the NOAEL (no-observed adverse effect level) from the 13-week subchronic inhalation study on rats, an occupational exposure limit (OEL) of 0...

..To extend follow-up of 14,455 workers from 1990 to 2000, and evaluate mortality risk from exposure to trichloroethylene (TCE) and other chemicals...

..To examine the effects of occupational asbestos and man-made vitreous fibers (MMVF) on the risk of lung cancer in two population-based case-control studies entailing exposure at lower levels than in historic cohort studies...

....

..Increased risk of NHL was associated with occupational exposure to chlorinated solvents (odds ratio (OR) = 1.4, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.1, 1...

....

....

..Nanomaterial production and the number of people directly in contact with these materials are increasing. Yet, little is known on the association between exposure and corresponding risks, such as pulmonary inflammation and oxidative stress...

..Our results indicate that shorter TL is associated with chronic PAH exposure. The interrelations with other genetic and epigenetic mechanisms in our data suggest that shorter TL could be a central event in PAH carcinogenesis...

..designed to assess genotoxic damage in somatic cells of workers in a Polish battery plant after high-level occupational exposure to lead (Pb) and cadmium (Cd), by use of the following techniques: the micronucleus (MN) assay, combined ..

..We conducted a systematic literature review and meta-analysis of oral cavity, esophageal, stomach, small intestine, colon, and rectal cancers among workers occupationally exposed to Cr(VI)...

..Thus, trying to relate adverse outcomes to single toxicant is inappropriate. We aim to investigate if sewage workers are at increased carcinogenic risk as evaluated by biomarkers of exposure and early biological effects...

..Working exposure seems to influence the domestic area in farms, and being raised on a farm might have a protective effect regarding sensitisation and allergic diseases...

This study proposes to explore the associations between occupational exposure to lobster and saltwater bony fish (pilchard, Cape anchovy, mackerel, light fish, redeye, Cape horse mackerel, lantern fish) and health outcomes expected to be ..

..Mustard gas is a known mutagen and chronic, occupational exposure is carcinogenic in humans. However, it is not dear whether an acute exposure to mustard agent (e.g...

..proposed study will pool the data from these prospective studies to create a large database (N = 3573) of occupational exposure, demographic, covariate and outcome measures across a range of occupations and industries...

Mesothelioma, a malignancy associated with occupational exposure to asbestos is a devastating disease without attractive therapies...

..concluded that there is "strong but not sufficient evidence for a causal association between leukemia and occupational exposure to formaldehyde"...

..concluded that there is "strong but not sufficient evidence for a causal association between leukemia and occupational exposure to formaldehyde"...

..use of medications, sexual intercourse, contraceptive use, active and passive smoking, alcohol use, and occupational exposure; (3) clinical data on reproductive outcomes, including menstrual disturbances, time to conception, SAB, ..

..and follow-up questionnaires will be used to characterize other risk factors for hearing loss, non- occupational exposure to noise, characteristics of work and use of hearing protective devices (HPDs)...

..IPF is also associated with exposure to metal or wood dust. Occupational exposure to asbestos can cause fILD that is indistinguishable from the histology of IPF (usual interstitial ..

..measuring inhalable particulates, endotoxins, and glucans/ergosterols that can be used to help establish occupational exposure guidelines for complex organic dusts in swine, poultry, and dairy environments, and to evaluate and ..

..The proposed research will focus on non-occupational exposure in the community. The following hypotheses will be addressed in this research. 1...

..The proposed research will focus on non-occupational exposure in the community. The following hypotheses will be addressed in this research. 1...

..need to define in vivo disposition of manufactured carbon nanomaterials (MNM) where environmental and/or occupational exposure can occur, as well as assess if in vitro assays and physicochemical properties predict in vivo disposition...

..The other two indicators to be included in the system are occupational exposure to anhydrous ammonia and commodity-production related agricultural injuries...