syringes

..services to include provision of HIV testing referrals and services to injection drug users (IDUs) who purchase syringes in pharmacies in the Harlem community of New York City...

..services to include provision of HIV testing referrals and services to injection drug users (IDUs) who purchase syringes in pharmacies in the Harlem community of New York City...

..Our specific aims are: Aim 1) To evaluate the efficacy of a behavioral intervention to decrease sharing of syringes and injection paraphernalia among FSW-IDUs...

..The primary behavioral outcomes are self- reported proportion of injection acts in which needles or syringes are shared in the past 30 days and proportion of condom-protected acts of sexual intercourse in the past 30 days...

..responsive labels that ensure product quality at the single dose level and an easy to administer oral delivery system that does not require needles/syringes, reconstitution or skilled healthcare professionals for administration.

..risk behavior, from the currently estimated 60 percent of IDUs engaging in receptive sharing of needles and syringes to a stable level of 30 percent; 4) Show large reductions in HIV transmission behavior, from the currently ..

..By applying spatial analysis methods we will calculate, for each NYC health district and year, spatial access to syringes and to SA programs (overall and by program type); and intensity of drug-related arrest, incarceration, and police ..

..studies of drug users about HIV and HCV risk to include information about sources, acquisition and disposal of syringes. The overall approach is to consider each of the aims separately and using an historical control design, examine ..

..By applying spatial analysis methods we will calculate, for each NYC health district and year, spatial access to syringes and to SA programs (overall and by program type); and intensity of drug-related arrest, incarceration, and police ..

..is a community randomized trial to evaluate the impact of providing enhanced pharmacy services to IDUs accessing syringes from pharmacies through the "Expanded Syringe Access Demonstration Program" (ESAP), a New York State public ..

..is a community randomized trial to evaluate the impact of providing enhanced pharmacy services to IDUs accessing syringes from pharmacies through the "Expanded Syringe Access Demonstration Program" (ESAP), a New York State public ..

..g., direct and indirect syringe sharing, shooting gallery attendance); iii) barriers to access and use of sterile syringes and injection paraphernalia within the context of legal syringe access through pharmacies...

..g., direct and indirect syringe sharing, shooting gallery attendance); iii) barriers to access and use of sterile syringes and injection paraphernalia within the context of legal syringe access through pharmacies...

..a respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) vaccine that would be heat-stable and would not require sterile needles and syringes. In addition to use in this country, such a vaccine would have enormous utility in developing countries, where ..

..g., direct and indirect syringe sharing, shooting gallery attendance); iii) barriers to access and use of sterile syringes and injection paraphernalia within the context of legal syringe access through pharmacies...

..A stand holding syringes and/or the recording instruments will be built, that fits over the chambers...

..system for human vaccines), easy administration by the intranasal route (obviating requirement for sterile syringes and needles and a route capable of inducing mucosal IgA) and the capacity to elicit potent and stable B and T ..

..by applicant): Participation in needle exchange programs (NEPs) is associated with increased use of sterile syringes, reduction in high-risk drug injection behaviors, and lower incidence of HIV seroconversion...

..They would eliminate the need for hypodermic syringes/needles, obviating concerns about contamination and increasing the convenience of administration, with a likely ..

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): High-risk drug injection behavior (e.g., injecting with shared syringes, cookers, cotton, and/or water, or splitting drugs with shared syringes) is a significant route of transmission for human ..

..We used three short tandem repeat (STR) genetic biomarkers to detect sharing in 2512 syringes exchanged by 315 IDUs in the Baltimore needle exchange program (738 person-visits)...

..recent health promotion campaign in Rhode Island (RI) to prevent HIV and Hepatitis C prompted the deregulation of syringes, allowing their sale in pharmacies without a prescription...

..drug users (IDUs) in Tijuana, Mexico, where syringe purchase is legal but pharmacists are reluctant to sell syringes to IDUs. Hence, syringe sharing is common and HIV infection is on the rise...

..drug users (IDUs) in Tijuana, Mexico, where syringe purchase is legal but pharmacists are reluctant to sell syringes to IDUs. Hence, syringe sharing is common and HIV infection is on the rise...

..Specifically, the study focuses on three phases in the drug injection process 1) acquiring syringes; 2) using syringes (and other injection equipment) 3) discard of syringes...

..risk behaviors for bloodborne infections, and barriers to accessing drug abuse treatment and sterile syringes, 3) Assess how the spatial distribution of those recruited through respondent-driven sampling relates to IDU risk ..

..than other populations to spread multidrug-resistant HIV to others through unprotected sex and/or the sharing of syringes. This project's aim is to evaluate an innovative approach, termed a Peer-Driven Intervention, that harnesses peer ..

..secondary exchangers-methamphetamine injectors who frequent our Syringe Exchange Program (SEP) and who provide syringes from the exchange to others-as peer educators to deliver HIV risk reduction messages to methamphetamine-injecting ..

..secondary exchangers-methamphetamine injectors who frequent our Syringe Exchange Program (SEP) and who provide syringes from the exchange to others-as peer educators to deliver HIV risk reduction messages to methamphetamine-injecting ..

..pharmacy-based syringe purchase intervention which includes information on how and where to purchase sterile syringes, and 3) a standard of care and a structural pharmacy-based syringe purchase intervention plus a 4 session ..

..up water and expel it into a cooker, and to draw up the drug solution from the cooker and distribute it to other syringes. In our preliminary research we have identified the practices by which injection syringes make contact with the ..

..of the Tribo-Glide? high performance non-silicone lubricant system developed in Phase I and Phase II for syringes and medical devices...

..risk behaviors for bloodborne infections, and barriers to accessing drug abuse treatment and sterile syringes, 3) Assess how the spatial distribution of those recruited through respondent-driven sampling relates to IDU risk ..

..ecology of minority communities in Springfield, Massachusetts, a city that lacks pharmacy access to sterile syringes and needle exchange, to understand the social and physical dynamics of HIV risk...

..four years; 2) to assess whether IDUs in this population are being selective about with whom they are sharing syringes and other injection equipment; 3) to identify the individual and network characteristics that are associated with ..

..is particularly problematic since SEPs must set policies related to syringe distribution protocol, limits on syringes, and availability of complementary ancillary services without benefit of empirical data on the impact of these ..

..A better understanding of the risks associated with the sharing of syringes and other injection equipment and many other opportunities for blood contact that arise during the preparation ..

..Secondary syringe exchange (SSE) is the provision of syringes obtained from SEPs by injection drug users (IDUs) to other IDUs who do not attend SEPs...

..This abstract is not available...

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..users (IDUs) who are randomly assigned to have access to an NEP versus training in how to purchase needles and syringes (NS) at pharmacies...

..Most institutions reported re-using disposable needle/syringes, and 12% of observed injections were given with used, disposable syringes prepared for re-use...

..Providing free-of-cost equipment from SDMs should be considered carefully, as needing money to buy equipment was a reason given for sharing of needles by 35% of those who shared...

..FINDINGS: Resterilizable and disposable needles and syringes had the highest overall costs for device purchase, usage, and iatrogenic disease: median US dollars 26...

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..clearly endeavouring to promote injection safety by implementing the widespread use of disposable needles and syringes and attempting to address the difficult issue of safe healthcare waste management...

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..More consistent SIF use is associated with positive changes in injecting practices, including less reuse of syringes, use of sterile water, swabbing injection sites, cooking/filtering drugs, less rushed injections, safe syringe ..

..We used 3 short tandem repeat (STR) genetic biomarkers to detect sharing in 2,512 syringes exchanged by 315 IDUs in the Baltimore needle exchange program (NEP; 738 person-visits)...

..is a reported fear of police detainment or arrest among IDUs which encourages a reluctance to carry needles and syringes, and which in turn, is associated with needle and syringe sharing at the point of drug sale...

..8, 6.9), and antibody to HCV (82% vs. 53%; AOR = 3.0; 95% CI = 1.8, 4.9), were less likely to obtain syringes from syringe exchange programs or pharmacies (AOR = 0.004; 95% CI = 0.001, 0...

In Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, difficulty accessing syringes at night has been shown to be strongly associated with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) risk behavior among the city's injection drug users (IDUs)...

..Participation in a syringe exchange program was associated with reductions in receptive syringe sharing and syringe-mediated sharing, but not the sharing of cookers...

..for injection drug users (IDU), including screening tests, vaccinations, risk reduction counseling, and sterile syringes. Syringe exchange programs (SEP) may facilitate receipt of preventive services by IDUs, but whether SEP clients ..

..by their executive directors as to whether they provided a strict one-for-one syringe exchange, gave a few extra syringes above the one-for-one exchange, or distributed the amount of syringes based upon need as opposed to how many ..

Bleach-mediated disinfection (BMD) of needles and syringes (NS) has been advocated as a risk-reduction intervention against HIV among injection drug users (IDUs)...

..Despite availability of syringe and needle exchange programmes in larger cities, drug users continued to reuse syringes (78.1%), injected in groups (73...

..Interventions implemented in the year 2000 for the safe (provision of single-use syringes, assumed effectiveness 95%) and appropriate (patients-providers interactional group discussions, assumed ..

..associated with the practice of sharing of injection equipment and are preventable through the once-only use of syringes, needles and other injection equipment...

..Health care professionals and policy makers should consider the potential economic benefits of pen therapy when initiating insulin among Medicaid beneficiaries who fail to respond to oral antidiabetic drugs...

..RESULTS: Fifty of 52 (96%) health care facilities were equipped with a pharmaceutical depot selling syringes and needles, 37 (74%) of which had been established between 1995 and 2000...

..RESULTS: Patients feel the injection less and a smaller postinjection bleb is noted. CONCLUSION: Consideration should be given to the use of disposable 31-gauge needles or syringes for intraocular injections.

The Expanded Syringe Access Demonstration Program (ESAP), which was intended to increase access to syringes for injection drug users (IDUs), went into effect in New York State on 1 January 2001...

..Cost is undoubtedly a factor in syringe re-use. Paid syringes were reused nearly ten times each, compared with 4 times for the free ones...

..vehicle for HIV and hepatitis C virus transmission among injection drug users (IDUs), safe sources of sterile syringes and safe methods of disposal are necessary to curb these epidemics...

..on January 1, 2001, New York State enacted the Expanded Syringe Access Demonstration Program (ESAP), which allows syringes to be sold in pharmacies without a prescription or dispensed through doctors, hospitals, and clinics to persons ..

In 2001, New York State enacted legislation to allow the provision of syringes by pharmacies and healthcare providers without prescription (ESAP, the Expanded Syringe Access Demonstration Program)...

..This project may serve as a model for large-scale HIV prevention programming for IDU in China, Vietnam, and other developing/transitional countries...

BACKGROUND: We report findings from a multi-method study investigating drug injectors' access to needles and syringes in three large Russian cities (Moscow, Volgograd, Barnaul)...

..The decision theory concepts of framing and loss aversion may be useful for further research on the diffusion of public health innovations...

..Legal access to needles and syringes/needle exchange programmes as part of such a strategy has been heavily debated...

..legislation which would have created a trial period for evaluating nonprescription pharmacy access to needles and syringes for adults in California...

..France, HIV prevention programs for injection drug users (IDUs) simultaneously include access to sterile syringes through needle exchange programs (NEPs), legal pharmacy sales and, since 1996, vending machines that mechanically ..

..that if, at the outset of the HIV/AIDS epidemic, injection drug users (IDUs) had had better access to sterile syringes, much of the epidemic among IDUs in the U.S. could have been prevented...

Improved access to sterile syringes decreases risks related to blood-borne transmission of HIV and hepatitis among injection drug users (IDUs)...

..the percentage of the at-risk population reached by a programme are insufficient since programmes must provide syringes on a continual basis. Determining the relationship between the extent of programme coverage and its impact (i.e...

..60) than for the Curasan PRP (r(S) = 0.34). A slight, clinically irrelevant, influence of gender on thrombocyte concentration in whole blood was found, but no influence of age was detected...

..However, there is no room for complacency. Sustained and expanded funding for interventions in Dhaka and other regions of Bangladesh are crucial to maintaining the low HIV prevalence...

OBJECTIVE: To identify factors influencing pharmacists' decisions about selling syringes to injection drug users (IDUs). DESIGN: Audiotaped interviews. SETTING: Denver, Colorado. PARTICIPANTS: Thirty-two pharmacists at 24 pharmacies...

..This article reports on a five-bevel needle for subcutaneous administration with a prefillable syringe, and the results of a clinical trial to verify and validate the bench measure of sharpness...

..This paper assesses trends between 1991 and 2004, both in the number of sterile syringes exchanged or delivered by NEPs or other programs to improve injectors' access to sterile injection material, and ..

..CONCLUSIONS: Anxiety plays an important role in the pain reaction of children, and was found to be more determinative in pain perception than the injection devices preferred...

..This result is of special interest for routine dental practice...

..Even where such programs have been established, police harrassment of the needle exchange clients is widespread...

..No statistically significant decrease in pain scores was found at needle insertion or anesthetic injection. The clinical efficacy of Vibraject remains controversial...

..Dosing lever and dosing wheel syringes in combination with system-adapted injection needles enable the operator to feel the back-pressure and inject the ..

..Careful needle design is an important concern in manufacturing prefilled syringes with needles attached to them.