electrodes

..Specifically, DNA-modified gold and graphite electrodes will be used to probe interactions and reactions of proteins on the duplex...

..One current project uses multicontact electrodes spanning the cortical thickness to identify which layers show particularly prominent modulation as a function of ..

..new ex-situ remediation technologies for contaminated sites, based on the application of spouted bed particulate electrodes to the removal of heavy metals from contaminated waters: (1) Spouted Bed Electrolytic Recovery (SBER) for ..

..EMG recordings, whether from indwelling electrodes or measured from the skin surface, are frequently used in combination with muscle models to simulate and ..

..The sympathetic system will be stimulated bilaterally with electrodes inserted in the vertebral column and the parasympathetic system with electrodes on the right and left vagus ..

..of sound, and NF2 patients whose auditory brainstem implants includes arrays of surface and penetrating electrodes derive benefit from the hybrid array...

..we have successfully measured the formal potentials of myoglobin and cytochromes by direct electrochemistry at electrodes modified with those substrates...

..we have successfully measured the formal potentials of myoglobin and cytochromes by direct electrochemistry at electrodes modified with those substrates...

..to design novel electrochemical sensors for nucleic acid sequence detection, to develop and apply DNA modified electrodes to analyze nucleic acid and DNA-protein structures and their associated redox chemistry...

..Two platinized electrodes with a suitable amplifier then can measure the time-resolved proton current (I)...

..into the brain and can detect the firing activity of many individual neurons, and 2) larger extracortical electrodes that detect the average electrical activity of larger groups of neurons from locations outside the brain...

..major, latissimus dorsi and triceps brachii will be recorded with dynamic EMG using intramuscular fine wire electrodes. Motion of the shoulder, elbow, wrist, hip, knee, and ankle will be measured with the VICON Motion Analysis ..

..provide useful, cost-effective tools for assessing long-term electrochemical function of chronically implanted electrodes is proposed...

..These studies will be accomplished using whole-cell patch clamp recordings with biocytin-filled electrodes in hypothalamic slices...

..bioresistant/biocompatible materials, polymer substrate electronics assembly and packaging, low impedance electrodes, sensory neurophysiology, coding techniques for prosthetic sensation, and advanced control, powered upper ..

..TAF levels in these fluids will be validated in Dr. Moore's laboratory by HPLC. Public Health Relevance: There is no text on file for this Public Health Relevance...

..Impedance Tomography (EIT), makes images of the interior of the body by applying electrical signals to electrodes applied to the skin...

..bioresistant/biocompatible materials, polymer substrate electronics assembly and packaging, low impedance electrodes, sensory neurophysiology, coding techniques for prosthetic sensation, and advanced control, powered upper ..

..The product is a nano- crystalline tin oxide sensor. This sensor employs interdigitated electrodes for measurement of the change of the bulk resistance of the tin oxide semiconductor film as it encounters ..

..hair-like" fibers, CNF combine unique properties of porous nanostructured scaffolds, conductive microwires and electrodes, permeable microfluidic conduits, and high area supports for bioactive agents and biocatalysts...

..hair-like" fibers, CNF combine unique properties of porous nanostructured scaffolds, conductive microwires and electrodes, permeable microfluidic conduits, and high area supports for bioactive agents and biocatalysts...

..b>Electrodes are presently the standard of care, but are themselves the cause of infections and skin tearing due to the ..

..Aim 1. To define the molecular basis of MAc sensitivity vs. MAc resistance using pH sensitive electrodes, immunocytochemistry, single cell PCR, KOs, and Western Blot...

..In contrast, visual and cortical prostheses under development may require hundreds of electrodes, each with its own interconnect, to meet the needs of patients...

..Our bioengineering research partnership proposes to develop an advanced prosthetic system that uses electrodes implanted within the fascicles of peripheral nerves to provide upper extremity amputees with sensory feedback ..

..In contrast, visual and cortical prostheses under development may require hundreds of electrodes, each with its own interconnect, to meet the needs of patients...

..Our bioengineering research partnership proposes to develop an advanced prosthetic system that uses electrodes implanted within the fascicles of peripheral nerves to provide upper extremity amputees with sensory feedback ..

..Small electric currents are passed through the body using electrodes applied to the skin; the resulting voltages are then measured and used by mathematical algorithms to reconstruct ..

..Maquettes will be activated with light and electrometric methods in solution and on electrodes to dissect step-by-step the thermodynamics and kinetics of electron transfer and proton exchange...

..and testing with subjects at the University of Michigan and Henry Ford Hospitals who have implanted electrodes for purposes related to epilepsy surgery...

..and testing with subjects at the University of Michigan and Henry Ford Hospitals who have implanted electrodes for purposes related to epilepsy surgery...

..properties of a subject are produced with a box of electronics about the size of a DVD player, and EGG type electrodes placed around the head, chest or abdomen...

..properties of a subject are produced with a box of electronics about the size of a DVD player, and EGG type electrodes placed around the head, chest or abdomen...

..Because the same EEG spectral range and electrodes are used for bEIT that measure the EEG, the bEIT procedure provides an efficient, low-cost specification of the ..

..of cases, however, intracranial telemetry (iEEG) with brain surface (ElectroCorticoGraphy, or ECoG) and/or depth electrodes is required to determine the site(s) of seizure onset, but determination of the seizure onset zone is often ..

..signal acquisition in the presence of high and unbalanced electrode impedances for both cup and needle-type electrodes. Setup time for clinical and experimental protocols will be reduced to the time required to apply electrodes...

..established methods of recording physiological signals that involve invasive procedures and the implantation of electrodes. In addition, while these techniques have yielded valuable information regarding mechanisms, there are a number ..

..We will determine the optimal area of the exposed tips so that each electrodes will be capable of recording unit action potentials and also capable of stimulating nearby neurons in the globus ..

..established methods of recording physiological signals that involve invasive procedures and the implantation of electrodes. In addition, while these techniques have yielded valuable information regarding mechanisms, there are a number ..

..FEF sends to each target area by characterizing FEF neurons that are antidromically activated by electrodes in PEF and TEF...

..According to recent estimates over 2000 patients with PD have undergone implantation of DBS electrodes for the treatment of PD and over 15,000 patients per year may be candidates for this procedure...

..spread of current at levels which are required to stimulate degenerated retinal tissues and degradation of metal electrodes by stimulation voltages that often exceed those required to dissociate water...

..DBS therapy involves controllable electrical stimulation through a lead having four relatively large electrodes that implanted in the targeted region of the thalamus or basal ganglia...

..synaptic potentials, or other voltage changes from a large number of sites at once, without the use of electrodes. For nearly thirty years our laboratory has pioneered the technology for using potentiometric probes, and ..

..provided by applicant): The development of coatings for enhancing the recording and stimulation capabilities of electrodes used in neural prostheses and electrical stimulation based therapies is proposed...

..can significantly improve restoration of motion in paraplegic patients over that produced with cuff or epimysial electrodes. This proposition is based on the following advantages of IFMS...

..The Clinical Core provides state-of-the-art cable EEG telemetry with scalp and sphenoidal or intracerebral electrodes and video monitoring; complete surgical facilities for surgical resection and stereotactic placement of depth ..

..The Dual Constant Composition (DCC) method using multiple ion specific electrodes to control the concentrations in the reaction solutions will provide kinetics data in the presence and absence ..

..These electrode materials offer advantages compared to commonly used sp2 carbon electrodes including a lower voltammetric and amperometric background current; no background voltammetnc features ..

..Treadmill will be turned on and off 20 seconds alternatively. Array of ten stimulation electrodes will be implanted in the subthalamic nucleus (STN) and substantia nigra pars reticulata (SNr)...

..stimulation provides several advantages over non-invasive cutaneous communication strategies that use surface electrodes or vibrotactors...

..particles suspended in a ferrofluid can be manipulated rapidly using traveling wave excitations from integrated electrodes. These preliminary results present a reliable and scalable method to significantly increase analyte or cellular ..

..particles suspended in a ferrofluid can be manipulated rapidly using traveling wave excitations from integrated electrodes. These preliminary results present a reliable and scalable method to significantly increase analyte or cellular ..

..We present data that demonstrates that carbon nanotube coated electrodes dramatically increase the ability to electrically stimulate and record from neural tissue...

..synaptic potentials, or other voltage changes from a large number of sites at once, without the use of electrodes. For nearly thirty years our laboratory has pioneered the technology for using potentiometric probes, and ..

..dominant sources of mechanical mismatch the interconnects, the interconnect-electrode superstructure, and the electrodes themselves...

..can significantly improve restoration of motion in paraplegic patients over that produced with cuff or epimysial electrodes. This proposition is based on the following advantages of IFMS...

..The first specific aim is to quantify the neural sensory coding of the lower urinary tract. Recording electrodes, initially single tungsten wires and subsequently multi-electrode arrays will be used to record single unit ..

..sclerosis (ALS) patients have been successfully implanted with laparoscopically placed intramuscular diaphragm electrodes to pace and condition the diaphragm...

..The implanted components include a multi- channel stimulator-telemeter, stimulation electrodes, and EMG-recording electrodes. The stimulating electrodes will be implanted on paralyzed upper extremity muscles...

..biomechanics will be compared with its effects on neural activation patterns, recorded with intramuscular electrodes. The developed model will be used to estimate the impact of changes measured in Aims 2 and 3. 2...

..7 and 5.27 microA (mg dl(-1))(-1)cm(-2), as well as 6 and 0.3 mg dl(-1), respectively, when urease was immobilized by glutaraldehyde (GA) cross-linker and Nafion network, respectively...

..The response time of the ACh sensing system was 10 s. Scanning electrochemical microscopy (SECM) with platinum micro-tips was used to investigate the diffusion layer thickness of Ni electrode...

..The phenol sensor developed uses horseradish peroxidase modified screen-printed carbon electrodes (HRP-SPCEs) coupled with immobilized tyrosinase prepared using poly(carbamoylsulfonate) (PCS) hydrogels or a ..

Copper electrochemistry at modified gold electrodes was investigated with two different states of the metal ion: first bound in azurin from Pseudomonas aeruginosa and second introduced via metal ion uptake in metallothionein (MT) from ..

Gold (Au) and platinum (Pt) screen-printed electrodes were modified with Prussian Blue (PB) for the development of amperometric sensors selective for hydrogen peroxide detection...

..The results also indicated that the response time of the prepared ethanol sensor is 27 s and the best sensitivity is 3.08 microA microM(-1) cm(-2)...

..8 microA/cm2 mM. Most importantly, the method described herein can readily discriminate MO analogs lacking the phenolic -OH group, such as codeine, and can thus benefit the specific recognition of MO...

..and flagellar repetitive antigen (FRA) (CF-Chimera) of Trypanosoma cruzi, was adsorbed on gold and platinum electrodes and investigated by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy on phosphate buffer saline solutions (PBS) containing ..

..were investigated in solutions of different pH using voltammetric and impedance methods at glassy carbon electrodes. For both compounds, the pH dependence from differential pulse voltammetry showed that the same number of ..

..The above results demonstrated that MWCNT-Cu(2)O CPME could be successfully employed as an electrochemical sensor for amino acids with some advantages of convenient preparation, high sensitivity, and good repeatability...

..The polymer film coated on these platinum electrodes showed good linear potentiometric responses to pH changes from pH 3 to 10...

Erythrocytes (red blood cells) are a major source of response variation in biosensor electrodes expected to operate in whole blood...

..The calibration range of H2O2 was determined from 0.3-1.5 mM with a good linear relation...

..The modified electrodes are found to give stable and reproducible electrocatlytic responses to NADH and exhibit good stability...

..It was demonstrated that the homocysteine SAM of one enantiomeric form blocked the redox reaction of only one enantiomer of DOPA, with cross inversion for the other enantiomer, in acidic solution...

..putida DSM 6521), which are well-known phenol degrading organisms, when entrapped onto cysteamine modified gold electrodes. The two Os-polymers differ in redox potential and the length of the side chains, where the Os(2+/3+)-..

..The biosensor was applied to the detection of the 16S gene in a mixture of Escherichia coli 16S + 32S rRNA and a full-length rat housekeeping gene, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH), of a RT-PCR product...

..When E. coli cells were lyophilized, they could be stored at room temperature in a dry box for more than six months without loss of the catalytic activity...

..5 x 10(-7) M. The PCA self-assembled monolayer modified gold electrode can be applied to the determination of DA in practical injection samples with simplicity, rapidness, and accurate results...

..29 A l mol(-1) cm(-2). The activation energy for enzyme reaction was calculated to be 10.1 kJ mol(-1). The enzyme electrode retained 75% of its initial activity after 5 weeks storage in phosphate buffer at pH 7...

..The biosensor showed high sensitivity to ethanol with rapid detection, good reproducibility and excellent stability...

..179 nA cm(-2) nM(-1). Excellent reproducibility, and long-term storage and operational stability was observed for this transducer...

....

..The present multilayered glucose biosensor with a high selectivity and sensitivity is promising for practical applications...

..Comparison studies indicated that the as-developed H(2)O(2) sensor could show greatly improved performances of amperometric responses...

..2 to 120.0 ng/ml with a detection limit of 0.06 ng/ml estimated at a signal-to-noise ratio of 3. The proposed method can detect the CEA through one-step immunoassay and would be valuable for clinical immunoassay...

DNA was immobilized on glassy carbon electrodes to fabricate DNA-modified electrodes. The direct electron transfer of horse heart cytochrome c on DNA-modified glassy carbon electrode was achieved...

..This implies that the DNA molecules immobilized at the surface of MWNTs, with little structure change, still has the ability to interact with small biomolecules...

..In the negative control experiments, the current decreased only mildly due to the presence of other chemicals...

..86CL in the range from 100 to 700 ppm TCE. Additionally, the rate constant of (TCE) cathodic reduction was found to be 2.434 x 10(-3) cm(-1) s(-1)...

..by using these ionic liquids, these liquids were subjected into a sequential electrochemical tests with nickel electrodes which performed a high sensitivity for the ethanol sensor...

..The proposed method was used to detect acetaminophen in commercial drugs and the obtained results are satisfactory...

..and amperometric detection of tetracycline (TC) antibiotics at multi-wall carbon nanotube modified glassy carbon electrodes (MWCNT-GCE) are reported...

..19 and 8.52 s(-1), respectively, for the individual LAC and dual LAC-TYR-based Nafion/Sonogel-Carbon bio-electrodes. The responses of the dual enzymes electrode to polyphenols were stronger than those of the individual LAC or ..

..0 x 10(-7) mol/L. Especially, by using the modified electrode, we can separate the oxidation peaks of ascorbic acid (AA) and DA in the PBS and it was satisfactory for the determination of DA with the interference of AA...

..by using cyclic voltammetry (CV) and differential-pulse voltammetry at bare and DNA-modified glassy carbon (GC) electrodes. In cyclic voltammetry, reduction of nifuroxime at DNA-modified electrodes gives rise to a well-defined peak, ..

..0 micromol L(-1), respectively. The proposed sensor presented higher sensitivity when compared to other modified electrodes described in the literature and showed a stable response for at least 100 successive determinations...

..0 mM with the detection limit of 3.0 microM for the detection of glucose. The dynamic range can be extended up to 120 mM. The biosensor has good stability and reproducibility...

....

..This cumulative effect permits to reach high sensitivity for NADH detection and offers new way for the development of enzymatic biosensors using dehydrogenases depending on NADH as cofactor...

..1 mmol/L HQ was 5.0 x 10(-7) mol/L. The proposed method has been applied to the simultaneous determination of HQ and CC in a water sample with simplicity and high selectivity...

..PB-modified screen printed electrodes were applied to detect H(2)O(2) at an applied potential of -0...

..The response time of the developed glucose oxidase enzyme electrode was 60 s with a detection limit of 0.25 mM and preserved its accuracy within the 2 months period of reuse experiments...

..The long-term stability of the GOx/hydrazine sensor was better than that of the one based on a GOx/HRP biosensor. The proposed glucose sensor was successfully applied to human whole blood and urine samples for the detection of glucose...

..The sensor response increased with the addition of glucose and in the presence of 6.3 mM glucose the response increased with increasing DNA in the range 5.0x10(-8)-1.0x10(-5) M...

..four poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) oils tested a dramatic increase in the oxygen capacity of carbon-paste enzyme electrodes to allow convenient biosensing under severe oxygen-deficit conditions...

The reversible cyclic voltammetry of pea plastocyanin (Pisum sativum) was studied with a wide range of electrodes: edge-oriented pyrolytic graphite (PGE), glassy carbon (GCE), gold (Au) and platinum (Pt) electrodes...

..In ECIS the cells are grown directly on the surface of small gold-film electrodes (d = 2 mm)...

..A hydrogen peroxide biosensor based on NB as a mediator has been demonstrated...

..The experimental results show that the good biocompatibility and nanoscale hollow structure of the SiNT arrays can be applicable to preparing Si-based biosensors and protein characterizations...

..recognition surfaces formed by co-immobilization of a redox polymer mediator and DNA probe sequences on gold electrodes is described...

..Success in the present electronic nanoswitch is expected to promote the exploitation of functional DNA-based nanosystems...

....

..Two parameters simultaneously obtained at the colloid Au modified surface, Deltaf(0) and DeltaC(s) (interfacial capacitance), have been used to estimate the association constant of the immunoreaction...

..The peak currents increase with scan rate, and the reduced potentials of multilayer films shift negatively with increasing pH. The electrochemical mechanism of multilayer films was suggested...

The enzyme, tyrosinase, was immobilized inside carbon paste electrodes (CPE) for the analysis of thiol-containing compounds such as the reduced form of glutathione (GSH) and L-cysteine...

..Under optimal conditions, the dynamic detection range of the sensor to PAT gene target sequence was from 1.0x10(-11) to 1.0x10(-6) mol/L with the detection limit of 2.6x10(-12) mol/L...

..The amount of iridium in the prepared electrodes was very small (<0...

Genosensor technology relying on the use of carbon and gold electrodes is reviewed...