body weight

Summary

Summary: The mass or quantity of heaviness of an individual. It is expressed by units of pounds or kilograms.

Top Publications

  1. ncbi Obesity is associated with macrophage accumulation in adipose tissue
    Stuart P Weisberg
    Division of Moleuclar Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University, New York, New York 10032, USA
    J Clin Invest 112:1796-808. 2003
  2. ncbi Chronic inflammation in fat plays a crucial role in the development of obesity-related insulin resistance
    Haiyan Xu
    Millennium Pharmaceuticals, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
    J Clin Invest 112:1821-30. 2003
  3. ncbi Six new loci associated with body mass index highlight a neuronal influence on body weight regulation
    Cristen J Willer
    Genetic Investigation of ANthropometric Traits Consortium
    Nat Genet 41:25-34. 2009
  4. ncbi Leptin and the regulation of body weight in mammals
    J M Friedman
    Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Rockefeller University, New York, New York 10021, USA
    Nature 395:763-70. 1998
  5. ncbi Central nervous system control of food intake and body weight
    G J Morton
    Department of Medicine, Harborview Medical Center and University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98104, USA
    Nature 443:289-95. 2006
  6. ncbi Genome-wide association yields new sequence variants at seven loci that associate with measures of obesity
    Gudmar Thorleifsson
    deCODE Genetics, Reykjavik, Iceland
    Nat Genet 41:18-24. 2009
  7. ncbi Inactivation of the Fto gene protects from obesity
    Julia Fischer
    Institute for Animal Developmental and Molecular Biology, Heinrich Heine University, Universitatsstr 1, D 40225 Dusseldorf, Germany
    Nature 458:894-8. 2009
  8. ncbi AMP-kinase regulates food intake by responding to hormonal and nutrient signals in the hypothalamus
    Yasuhiko Minokoshi
    Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA
    Nature 428:569-74. 2004
  9. ncbi A general model for the origin of allometric scaling laws in biology
    G B West
    Theoretical Division, T 8, Mail Stop B285, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA
    Science 276:122-6. 1997
  10. ncbi Bile acids induce energy expenditure by promoting intracellular thyroid hormone activation
    Mitsuhiro Watanabe
    Institut de Génétique et Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, CNRS INSERM ULP, 1 rue Laurent Fries, 67404 Illkirch, France
    Nature 439:484-9. 2006

Research Grants

  1. Hypothalamic SIRT1 and Energy Balance
    Eduardo A Nillni; Fiscal Year: 2010
  2. Arcuate nucleus glutamatergic neurons modulate energy homeostasis
    Anthony N van den Pol; Fiscal Year: 2010
  3. Obesity: neural control of body weight and metabolism
    Barry E Levin; Fiscal Year: 2010
  4. Maternal Hyperinsulinemia and Fetal Programming
    Mulchand Patel; Fiscal Year: 2009
  5. Maternal Hyperinsulinemia and Fetal Programming
    Mulchand S Patel; Fiscal Year: 2010
  6. Phosphodiesterase-3B signaling in the Hypothalamus and Obesity
    Abhiram Sahu; Fiscal Year: 2010
  7. Development of Leptin-Sensitive Hypothalamic Pathways
    Richard Simerly; Fiscal Year: 2005
  8. Nutritional Risk Factors for Type 2 Diabetes in the Multiethnic Cohort
    Gertraud Maskarinec; Fiscal Year: 2007
  9. DIETARY COMPOSITION, OBESITY, AND CARDIOVASCULAR RISK
    ERNST SCHAEFER; Fiscal Year: 2003
  10. NEURAL SUBSTRATES OF PEPTIDE INDUCED SATIETY
    Robert C Ritter; Fiscal Year: 2010

Detail Information

Publications302 found, 100 shown here

  1. ncbi Obesity is associated with macrophage accumulation in adipose tissue
    Stuart P Weisberg
    Division of Moleuclar Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University, New York, New York 10032, USA
    J Clin Invest 112:1796-808. 2003
    ..Adipose tissue macrophage numbers increase in obesity and participate in inflammatory pathways that are activated in adipose tissues of obese individuals...
  2. ncbi Chronic inflammation in fat plays a crucial role in the development of obesity-related insulin resistance
    Haiyan Xu
    Millennium Pharmaceuticals, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
    J Clin Invest 112:1821-30. 2003
    ..We propose that obesity-related insulin resistance is, at least in part, a chronic inflammatory disease initiated in adipose tissue...
  3. ncbi Six new loci associated with body mass index highlight a neuronal influence on body weight regulation
    Cristen J Willer
    Genetic Investigation of ANthropometric Traits Consortium
    Nat Genet 41:25-34. 2009
    ..Several of the likely causal genes are highly expressed or known to act in the central nervous system (CNS), emphasizing, as in rare monogenic forms of obesity, the role of the CNS in predisposition to obesity...
  4. ncbi Leptin and the regulation of body weight in mammals
    J M Friedman
    Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Rockefeller University, New York, New York 10021, USA
    Nature 395:763-70. 1998
    ..Leptin also signals nutritional status to several other physiological systems and modulates their function. Here we review the role of leptin in the control of body weight and its relevance to the pathogenesis of obesity.
  5. ncbi Central nervous system control of food intake and body weight
    G J Morton
    Department of Medicine, Harborview Medical Center and University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98104, USA
    Nature 443:289-95. 2006
    ..This new information provides a biological context within which to consider the global obesity epidemic and identifies numerous potential avenues for therapeutic intervention and future research...
  6. ncbi Genome-wide association yields new sequence variants at seven loci that associate with measures of obesity
    Gudmar Thorleifsson
    deCODE Genetics, Reykjavik, Iceland
    Nat Genet 41:18-24. 2009
    ..6 x 10(-7). This includes previously identified variants close to or in the FTO, MC4R, BDNF and SH2B1 genes, in addition to variants at seven loci not previously connected with obesity...
  7. ncbi Inactivation of the Fto gene protects from obesity
    Julia Fischer
    Institute for Animal Developmental and Molecular Biology, Heinrich Heine University, Universitatsstr 1, D 40225 Dusseldorf, Germany
    Nature 458:894-8. 2009
    ..Taken together, these experiments provide, to our knowledge, the first direct demonstration that Fto is functionally involved in energy homeostasis by the control of energy expenditure...
  8. ncbi AMP-kinase regulates food intake by responding to hormonal and nutrient signals in the hypothalamus
    Yasuhiko Minokoshi
    Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA
    Nature 428:569-74. 2004
    ..Dominant negative AMPK expression in the hypothalamus is sufficient to reduce food intake and body weight, whereas constitutively active AMPK increases both...
  9. ncbi A general model for the origin of allometric scaling laws in biology
    G B West
    Theoretical Division, T 8, Mail Stop B285, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA
    Science 276:122-6. 1997
    ..More generally, the model predicts structural and functional properties of vertebrate cardiovascular and respiratory systems, plant vascular systems, insect tracheal tubes, and other distribution networks...
  10. ncbi Bile acids induce energy expenditure by promoting intracellular thyroid hormone activation
    Mitsuhiro Watanabe
    Institut de Génétique et Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, CNRS INSERM ULP, 1 rue Laurent Fries, 67404 Illkirch, France
    Nature 439:484-9. 2006
    ..The BA-TGR5-cAMP-D2 signalling pathway is therefore a crucial mechanism for fine-tuning energy homeostasis that can be targeted to improve metabolic control...
  11. ncbi Genome-wide association scan shows genetic variants in the FTO gene are associated with obesity-related traits
    Angelo Scuteri
    Unità Operativa Geriatria, Istituto per la Patologia Endocrina e Metabolica, Rome, Italy
    PLoS Genet 3:e115. 2007
    ..common genetic variants in the FTO gene are associated with substantial changes in BMI, hip circumference, and body weight. These changes could have a significant impact on the risk of obesity-related morbidity in the general ..
  12. ncbi Being big or growing fast: systematic review of size and growth in infancy and later obesity
    Janis Baird
    MRC Epidemiology Resource Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton SO16 6YD
    BMJ 331:929. 2005
    ..To assess the association between infant size or growth and subsequent obesity and to determine if any association has been stable over time...
  13. ncbi A mouse model for the metabolic effects of the human fat mass and obesity associated FTO gene
    Chris Church
    MRC Harwell, Metabolism and Inflammation, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Harwell, UK
    PLoS Genet 5:e1000599. 2009
    ..Our model suggests that a search for human coding mutations in FTO may be informative and that inhibition of FTO activity is a possible target for the treatment of morbid obesity...
  14. ncbi The disease burden associated with overweight and obesity
    A Must
    Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02111, USA
    JAMA 282:1523-9. 1999
    ..Overweight and obesity are increasing dramatically in the United States and most likely contribute substantially to the burden of chronic health conditions...
  15. ncbi Genetic and environmental factors in relative body weight and human adiposity
    H H Maes
    Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Richmond, Virginia 23298, USA
    Behav Genet 27:325-51. 1997
    ..These results are consistent with other studies in suggesting that genetic factors play a significant role in the causes of individual differences in relative body weight and human adiposity.
  16. ncbi Fibroblast growth factor 21 reverses hepatic steatosis, increases energy expenditure, and improves insulin sensitivity in diet-induced obese mice
    Jing Xu
    Department of Metabolic Disorders, Amgen, Thousand Oaks, California, USA
    Diabetes 58:250-9. 2009
    ..The aims of the current study are to evaluate the role of FGF21 in energy metabolism and to provide mechanistic insights into its glucose and lipid-lowering effects in a high-fat diet-induced obesity (DIO) model...
  17. ncbi Loss of stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1 function protects mice against adiposity
    James M Ntambi
    Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706, USA
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 99:11482-6. 2002
    ..These observations suggest that a consequence of SCD1 deficiency is an activation of lipid oxidation in addition to reduced triglyceride synthesis and storage...
  18. ncbi Common variants near MC4R are associated with fat mass, weight and risk of obesity
    Ruth J F Loos
    MRC Epidemiology Unit, Addenbrooke s Hospital, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
    Nat Genet 40:768-75. 2008
    ....
  19. ncbi Life course variations in the associations between FTO and MC4R gene variants and body size
    Rebecca Hardy
    MRC Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, 33 Bedford Place, London, UK
    Hum Mol Genet 19:545-52. 2010
    ..Studies of the aetiology of obesity spanning different age groups may identify age-specific determinants of weight gain...
  20. ncbi Consequences of smoking for body weight, body fat distribution, and insulin resistance
    Arnaud Chiolero
    Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine IUMSP, University of Lausanne, 17 rue du Bugnon, 1005 Lausanne, Switzerland
    Am J Clin Nutr 87:801-9. 2008
    Our aim was to critically evaluate the relations among smoking, body weight, body fat distribution, and insulin resistance as reported in the literature...
  21. ncbi Gut hormone PYY(3-36) physiologically inhibits food intake
    Rachel L Batterham
    Imperial College Faculty of Medicine at Hammersmith Campus, Du Cane Road, London W12 0NN, UK
    Nature 418:650-4. 2002
    ..Thus, postprandial elevation of PYY(3-36) may act through the arcuate nucleus Y2R to inhibit feeding in a gut-hypothalamic pathway...
  22. ncbi Active school transport, physical activity levels and body weight of children and youth: a systematic review
    Guy E J Faulkner
    Faculty of Physical Education and Health, University of Toronto, ON, Canada
    Prev Med 48:3-8. 2009
    ..Before implementing such solutions, it is important to demonstrate that active school transport is associated with health-related outcomes...
  23. ncbi Nocturnal hypertension in mice consuming a high fructose diet
    Vera Farah
    Boonshoft School of Medicine of Wright State University, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Dayton, OH 45401, USA
    Auton Neurosci 130:41-50. 2006
    ..CONCLUSION: A high fructose diet in mice produced nocturnal hypertension and autonomic imbalance which may be related to activation of sympathetic and angiotensin systems...
  24. ncbi Metabolic impact of sex hormones on obesity
    Lynda M Brown
    Department of Nutrition, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC 27412, USA
    Brain Res 1350:77-85. 2010
    ..others have previously demonstrated that activation of ERalpha by estrogens reduces food intake and increases body weight. This review focuses on the relative contribution of activation of ERalpha by estrogens in the ARC and the VL ..
  25. ncbi Genome-wide effects of long-term divergent selection
    Anna M Johansson
    Department of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
    PLoS Genet 6:e1001188. 2010
    ..a single trait selection experiment, where 50 generations of selection have resulted in a 9-fold difference in body weight. Analyses of nearly 60,000 SNP markers showed that the effects of selection on the genome are dramatic...
  26. ncbi Oleylethanolamide regulates feeding and body weight through activation of the nuclear receptor PPAR-alpha
    Jin Fu
    Department of Pharmacology, University of California, Irvine, California 92697 4625, USA
    Nature 425:90-3. 2003
    Oleylethanolamide (OEA) is a naturally occurring lipid that regulates satiety and body weight. Although structurally related to the endogenous cannabinoid anandamide, OEA does not bind to cannabinoid receptors and its molecular targets ..
  27. ncbi Beneficial effects of subcutaneous fat transplantation on metabolism
    Thien T Tran
    Joslin Diabetes Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
    Cell Metab 7:410-20. 2008
    ..The group with SC fat transplanted into the VIS cavity exhibited decreased body weight, total fat mass, and glucose and insulin levels...
  28. ncbi Long-lasting suppression of hippocampal cell proliferation and impaired cognitive performance by methotrexate in the rat
    Riejanne Seigers
    Department of Behavioral Physiology, University of Groningen, Kerklaan 30, 9750 AA Haren, The Netherlands
    Behav Brain Res 186:168-75. 2008
    ..5-300 mg/kg). Animals treated with MTX also showed a dose-dependent transient decrease in body weight gain. In the second study, the effect of MTX (250 mg/kg) on two spatial learning tasks was examined...
  29. ncbi Bioelectrical impedance analysis--part I: review of principles and methods
    Ursula G Kyle
    Geneva University Hospital, Switzerland
    Clin Nutr 23:1226-43. 2004
    ..ESPEN guidelines for the clinical use of BIA measurements are described in a paper to appear soon in Clinical Nutrition...
  30. ncbi Hypothalamic thyroid hormone catabolism acts as a gatekeeper for the seasonal control of body weight and reproduction
    Perry Barrett
    Rowett Research Institute, Greenburn Road, Buckburn, Aberdeen AB21 9SB, United Kingdom
    Endocrinology 148:3608-17. 2007
    ..ependyma of the third ventricle, prevented the onset of short-day physiology: hamsters maintained a long-day body weight phenotype and failed to undergo testicular and epididymal regression...
  31. ncbi Increased oxidative stress in obesity and its impact on metabolic syndrome
    Shigetada Furukawa
    Department of Medicine and Pathophysiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Department of Organismal Biosystems, Graduate School of Frontier Biosciences, Osaka University, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
    J Clin Invest 114:1752-61. 2004
    ....
  32. ncbi Role of brain insulin receptor in control of body weight and reproduction
    J C Bruning
    Klinik II und Poliklinik für Innere Medizin and Center of Molecular Medicine ZMMK der Universität zu Köln, Joseph Stelzmann Strasse 9, 50931 Cologne, Germany
    Science 289:2122-5. 2000
    ..Thus, IR signaling in the CNS plays an important role in regulation of energy disposal, fuel metabolism, and reproduction...
  33. ncbi Relationship of physical activity and television watching with body weight and level of fatness among children: results from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey
    R E Andersen
    Division of Geriatric Medicine and Gerontology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
    JAMA 279:938-42. 1998
    ..Physical inactivity contributes to weight gain in adults, but whether this relationship is true for children of different ethnic groups is not well established...
  34. ncbi Fibroblast growth factor 21 corrects obesity in mice
    Tamer Coskun
    Lilly Research Laboratories, Lilly Corporate Center, Indianapolis, Indiana 46285, USA
    Endocrinology 149:6018-27. 2008
    ..report that systemic administration of FGF21 for 2 wk in diet-induced obese and ob/ob mice lowered their mean body weight by 20% predominantly via a reduction in adiposity...
  35. ncbi Fibroblast growth factor 19 increases metabolic rate and reverses dietary and leptin-deficient diabetes
    Ling Fu
    Genentech Inc, 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California 94080, USA
    Endocrinology 145:2594-603. 2004
    ..Thus, FGF19 is able to increase metabolic rate concurrently with an increase in fatty acid oxidation...
  36. ncbi Validity of self-reported height and weight in 4808 EPIC-Oxford participants
    Elizabeth A Spencer
    Imperial Cancer Research Fund Cancer Epidemiology Unit, University of Oxford, Gibson Building, The Radcliffe Infirmary, UK
    Public Health Nutr 5:561-5. 2002
    ....
  37. ncbi Effects of size and temperature on metabolic rate
    J F Gillooly
    Department of Biology, The University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA
    Science 293:2248-51. 2001
    ..Temperature and body size are primary determinants of biological time and ecological roles...
  38. ncbi Extravascular lung water indexed to predicted body weight is a novel predictor of intensive care unit mortality in patients with acute lung injury
    Thelma R Craig
    Regional Intensive Care Unit, Royal Victoria Hospital, Belfast, UK
    Crit Care Med 38:114-20. 2010
    ..Traditionally, extravascular lung water has been indexed to actual body weight (mL/kg)...
  39. ncbi Adoptive transfer of regulatory NKT lymphocytes ameliorates non-alcoholic steatohepatitis and glucose intolerance in ob/ob mice and is associated with intrahepatic CD8 trapping
    E Elinav
    Liver Unit, Department of Medicine, Hebrew University Hadassah Medical Centre, Jerusalem, Israel
    J Pathol 209:121-8. 2006
    ..The results further support a role for regulatory NKT lymphocytes in the pathogenesis of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis in the leptin-deficient murine model...
  40. ncbi Diet-induced obese mice develop peripheral, but not central, resistance to leptin
    M van Heek
    Department of CNS and Cardiovascular Research, Schering Plough Research Institute, Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, USA
    J Clin Invest 99:385-90. 1997
    ..Serum leptin increased in proportion to body weight (P < 0.00001)...
  41. ncbi Maternal obesity is necessary for programming effect of high-fat diet on offspring
    Christy L White
    Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Louisiana State University System, Baton Rouge, LA 70808, USA
    Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 296:R1464-72. 2009
    ..These data suggest that maternal obesity exerts an independent effect on offspring body weight that is of similar magnitude as the effect of the offspring's adult diet...
  42. ncbi Epistasis and the release of genetic variation during long-term selection
    Orjan Carlborg
    Linnaeus Centre for Bioinformatics, Uppsala University, Box 598, SE 75124 Uppsala, Sweden
    Nat Genet 38:418-20. 2006
    ..The interactions in this radial network mediate a considerably larger selection response than predicted by a single-locus model...
  43. ncbi Genetic analysis of an F(2) intercross between two chicken lines divergently selected for body-weight
    Per Wahlberg
    Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Uppsala University, BMC, Uppsala, Sweden
    BMC Genomics 10:248. 2009
    ..Furthermore, we utilized genotype data from ~13,000 SNPs to search the genome for potential selective sweeps that have occurred in the selected lines...
  44. ncbi The regulation of seasonal changes in food intake and body weight
    F J P Ebling
    School of Biomedical Sciences and Institute of Neuroscience, University of Nottingham Medical School, Nottingham, UK
    J Neuroendocrinol 20:827-33. 2008
    Seasonal rhythms of body weight, reflecting altered food intake, energy storage and expenditure, are a common feature of mammals inhabiting temperate and arctic latitudes...
  45. ncbi betaAR signaling required for diet-induced thermogenesis and obesity resistance
    Eric S Bachman
    Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, 99 Brookline Avenue, Boston, MA 02215, USA
    Science 297:843-5. 2002
    ..These findings establish that betaARs are necessary for diet-induced thermogenesis and that this efferent pathway plays a critical role in the body's defense against diet-induced obesity...
  46. ncbi Role for stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1 in leptin-mediated weight loss
    Paul Cohen
    Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Center for Studies in Physics and Biology, Rogosin Institute, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The Rockefeller University, 1230 York Avenue, New York, NY 10021, USA
    Science 297:240-3. 2002
    ..These findings suggest that down-regulation of SCD-1 is an important component of leptin's metabolic actions...
  47. ncbi Evaluation of the feasibility of international growth standards for school-aged children and adolescents
    Nancy F Butte
    USDA ARS Children s Nutrition Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
    J Nutr 137:153-7. 2007
    ....
  48. ncbi Maternal obesity at conception programs obesity in the offspring
    Kartik Shankar
    Arkansas Children s Nutrition Center, 1212 Marshall Street, Little Rock, AR 72202, USA
    Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 294:R528-38. 2008
    ..day (15% excess calories/day) compared with 187 kcal/kg(3/4) per day for 3 wk caused substantial increase in body weight gain, adiposity, serum insulin, leptin, and insulin resistance...
  49. ncbi Abnormal glucose homeostasis in skeletal muscle-specific PGC-1alpha knockout mice reveals skeletal muscle-pancreatic beta cell crosstalk
    Christoph Handschin
    Dana Farber Cancer Institute and Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
    J Clin Invest 117:3463-74. 2007
    ..These data clearly illustrate a causal role for muscle PGC-1alpha in maintenance of glucose homeostasis and highlight an unexpected cytokine-mediated crosstalk between skeletal muscle and pancreatic islets...
  50. ncbi The validity of obesity based on self-reported weight and height: Implications for population studies
    Maria Nyholm
    Skaraborg Institute, Skovde, Sweden
    Obesity (Silver Spring) 15:197-208. 2007
    ..To validate self-reported information on weight and height in an adult population and to find a useful algorithm to assess the prevalence of obesity based on self-reported information...
  51. ncbi Effect of metformin on life span and on the development of spontaneous mammary tumors in HER-2/neu transgenic mice
    Vladimir N Anisimov
    Department of Carcinogenesis and Oncogerontology, N N Petrov Research Institute of Oncology, Pesochny 2, St Petersburg 197758, Russian Federation
    Exp Gerontol 40:685-93. 2005
    ..with metformin (100 mg/kg in drinking water) slightly decreased the food consumption but failed in reducing the body weight or temperature, slowed down the age-related rise in blood glucose and triglycerides level, as well as the age-..
  52. ncbi Aerobic exercise training improves insulin sensitivity without changes in body weight, body fat, adiponectin, and inflammatory markers in overweight and obese girls
    George P Nassis
    Laboratory of Nutrition and Clinical Dietetics, Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Harokopio University, 17671 Athens, Greece
    Metabolism 54:1472-9. 2005
    ..min/mL before and after intervention, respectively; P=.03). Insulin sensitivity was improved without changes in body weight (pre-intervention, 67.9+/-14.5 kg; post-intervention, 68.3+/-14.0 kg) or percent body fat (pre-intervention, 41...
  53. ncbi Prenatal exposure to a low-protein diet programs disordered regulation of lipid metabolism in the aging rat
    Aml Erhuma
    School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Queens Medical Centre, Nottingham, UK
    Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 292:E1702-14. 2007
    ..The data implicate altered expression of SREBP-1c and ChREBP as key mediators of the programmed phenotype, but the basis of the switch in metabolic status that occurred between 9 and 18 mo of age is, as yet, unidentified...
  54. ncbi Prevalence and trends of overweight among preschool children in developing countries
    M de Onis
    Department of Nutrition for Health and Development, The World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland
    Am J Clin Nutr 72:1032-9. 2000
    ..Obesity during childhood is a matter of growing concern. Several reports show increasing rates of obesity in developed countries, whereas the extent of the problem in developing countries remains unknown...
  55. ncbi Genetics of obesity in humans
    Sadaf Farooqi
    University Departments of Medicine and Clinical Biochemistry, Box 232, Addenbrooke s Hospital, Cambridge CB2 2QQ, United Kingdom
    Endocr Rev 27:710-18. 2006
    ..obesity syndromes and discuss how far the characterization of these patients has informed our understanding of the physiological role of leptin and the melanocortins in the regulation of human body weight and neuroendocrine function.
  56. ncbi Programming of body composition by early growth and nutrition
    Jonathan C K Wells
    Childhood Nutrition Research Centre, Institute of Child Health, 30 Guilford Street, London WC1N 1EH, UK
    Proc Nutr Soc 66:423-34. 2007
    ....
  57. ncbi Incretin secretion in relation to meal size and body weight in healthy subjects and people with type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus
    T Vilsbøll
    Department of Internal Medicine F, Gentofte Hospital, Hellerup, Denmark
    J Clin Endocrinol Metab 88:2706-13. 2003
    ....
  58. ncbi An obesity-associated FTO gene variant and increased energy intake in children
    Joanne E Cecil
    Bute Medical School, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, United Kingdom
    N Engl J Med 359:2558-66. 2008
    ..Variation in the fat mass and obesity-associated (FTO) gene has provided the most robust associations with common obesity to date. However, the role of FTO variants in modulating specific components of energy balance is unknown...
  59. ncbi NPY/AgRP neurons are essential for feeding in adult mice but can be ablated in neonates
    Serge Luquet
    Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Box 357370, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
    Science 310:683-5. 2005
    ..Y (NPY) and agouti-related protein (AgRP) are thought to be critical regulators of feeding behavior and body weight. To determine whether NPY/AgRP neurons are essential in mice, we targeted the human diphtheria toxin receptor ..
  60. ncbi Persistent improvement of type 2 diabetes in the Goto-Kakizaki rat model by expansion of the beta-cell mass during the prediabetic period with glucagon-like peptide-1 or exendin-4
    Cécile Tourrel
    LPPN, CNRS UMR 7059, Universite Paris 7, Paris, France
    Diabetes 51:1443-52. 2002
    ..Under these conditions, GLP-1 represents a unique tool because of its beta-cell replenishing effect in spontaneously diabetic rodents. It may prove to be an invaluable agent for the prevention of human type 2 diabetes...
  61. ncbi Interleukin-10-deficient mice develop chronic enterocolitis
    R Kuhn
    Institute for Genetics, University of Cologne, Federal Republic of Germany
    Cell 75:263-74. 1993
    ..These results indicate that the bowel inflammation in the mutants originates from uncontrolled immune responses stimulated by enteric antigens and that IL-10 is an essential immunoregulator in the intestinal tract...
  62. ncbi Leptin receptor signaling in POMC neurons is required for normal body weight homeostasis
    Nina Balthasar
    Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, 99 Brookline Avenue RN, Boston, MA 02215, USA
    Neuron 42:983-91. 2004
    ..In summary, leptin receptors on POMC neurons are required but not solely responsible for leptin's regulation of body weight homeostasis.
  63. ncbi Circulating ghrelin is sensitive to changes in body weight during a diet and exercise program in normal-weight young women
    H J Leidy
    Noll Physiological Research Center and the Department of Kinesiology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
    J Clin Endocrinol Metab 89:2659-64. 2004
    ..05). Changes in ghrelin were negatively correlated with changes in body weight (r = -0.61; P < 0.05)...
  64. ncbi STAT3 signalling is required for leptin regulation of energy balance but not reproduction
    Sarah H Bates
    Research Division, Joslin Diabetes Center, Harvard Medical School, 1 Joslin Place, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA
    Nature 421:856-9. 2003
    ..LRb-STAT3 signalling thus mediates the effects of leptin on melanocortin production and body energy homeostasis, whereas distinct LRb signals regulate NPY and the control of fertility, growth and glucose homeostasis...
  65. ncbi Allometric scaling of maximal metabolic rate in mammals: muscle aerobic capacity as determinant factor
    Ewald R Weibel
    Department of Anatomy, University of Berne, Buhlstrasse 26, CH 3000, Berne 9, Switzerland
    Respir Physiol Neurobiol 140:115-32. 2004
    ..We conclude that the scaling of maximal metabolic rate is explained by features and mechanisms different from those determining basal metabolic rate...
  66. ncbi Maternal perceptions of their child's weight status: the GENESIS study
    Yannis Manios
    Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Harokopio University of Athens, 70 El Venizelou Avenue, 17671 Kallithea, Athens, Greece
    Public Health Nutr 12:1099-105. 2009
    ..The objective of the present work was to quantify mothers' misclassification of pre-school children's weight status and to determine factors associated with the maternal misperception...
  67. ncbi Effects of exenatide and lifestyle modification on body weight and glucose tolerance in obese subjects with and without pre-diabetes
    Julio Rosenstock
    Dallas Diabetes and Endocrine Center at Medical City, Dallas, Texas, USA
    Diabetes Care 33:1173-5. 2010
    To assess the effects of exenatide on body weight and glucose tolerance in nondiabetic obese subjects with normal or impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) or impaired fasting glucose (IFG).
  68. ncbi Healthy aging and where you live: community design relationships with physical activity and body weight in older Americans
    Lawrence Frank
    School of Environmental Health and Community, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia
    J Phys Act Health 7:S82-90. 2010
    ..Suburban development patterns may impede physical activity (PA) and mobility and affect healthy aging. This paper investigates the relationships between neighborhood design and walking, driving, PA, and obesity in adults over age 65 years...
  69. ncbi Consumption of sugars and body weight
    M A van Baak
    NUTRIM, Department of Human Biology, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
    Obes Rev 10:9-23. 2009
    ..Here we have reviewed the recent scientific literature on consumption of sugars and body weight. Main focus was on three questions: (i) What is the evidence that intake of dietary sugars is associated with ..
  70. ncbi Long-term individual housing in C57BL/6J and DBA/2 mice: assessment of behavioral consequences
    V Voikar
    Neuroscience Center and Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
    Genes Brain Behav 4:240-52. 2005
    ..We conclude that individual housing has strong strain- and test-specific effects on emotional behavior and impairs memory in certain tasks...
  71. ncbi AMP-activated protein kinase: ancient energy gauge provides clues to modern understanding of metabolism
    Barbara B Kahn
    Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA
    Cell Metab 1:15-25. 2005
    ..It mediates effects of adipokines (leptin, adiponectin, and possibly resistin) in regulating food intake, body weight, and glucose and lipid homeostasis...
  72. ncbi Sex differences in behavior and striatal ascorbate release in the 140 CAG knock-in mouse model of Huntington's disease
    Jenelle L Dorner
    Program in Neuroscience and Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Indiana University, 1101 E 10th Street, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA
    Behav Brain Res 178:90-7. 2007
    ..Furthermore, sex differences observed in behavior and striatal AA release suggest sex-dependent variation in the phenotype and neuropathology of HD...
  73. ncbi Improved glycemic control and lipid profile and normalized fibrinolytic activity on a low-glycemic index diet in type 2 diabetic patients
    A E Järvi
    Clinical Nutrition Research Unit, Uppsala University, Sweden
    Diabetes Care 22:10-8. 1999
    ..To evaluate the effects of varying the glycemic index (GI) of carbohydrate-rich foods on metabolic control in type 2 diabetic patients...
  74. ncbi Systematic review demonstrating that breakfast consumption influences body weight outcomes in children and adolescents in Europe
    Hania Szajewska
    Department of Pediatrics, The Medical University of Warsaw, Poland
    Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 50:113-9. 2010
    ..We aimed to review the evidence on the effects of breakfast consumption on body weight outcomes in children and adolescents in Europe...
  75. ncbi Excess gains in weight and waist circumference associated with childbearing: The Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults Study (CARDIA)
    E P Gunderson
    Kaiser Permanente Foundation Hospitals, Division of Research, 2000 Broadway, Oakland, CA 94612, USA
    Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord 28:525-35. 2004
    ..To examine the association of childbearing with weight and waist circumference (WC) changes, we compared women with and without pregnancies or births during follow-up...
  76. ncbi Sperm competition and reproductive mode influence sperm dimensions and structure among snakes
    Maximiliano Tourmente
    Laboratorio de Biologia del Comportamiento, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Fisicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Cordoba, Cordoba, Argentina
    Evolution 63:2513-24. 2009
    ..We conclude that the influence of sperm competition upon different sperm components varies between taxa, because their structure and function is different...
  77. ncbi Short-term, increasing dietary protein and fat moderately affect energy expenditure, substrate oxidation and uncoupling protein gene expression in rats
    Klaus J Petzke
    Groups of Stable Isotopes and of Energy Metabolism, German Institute of Human Nutrition in Potsdam Rehbrücke DIfE, D 14558 Nuthetal, Germany
    J Nutr Biochem 18:400-7. 2007
    ..A function of UCPs in energy balance and dissipating food energy was suggested. Future experiments are focused on the regulation of UCP gene expression by dietary protein, which could be important for body-weight management...
  78. ncbi Effects of body weight and alcohol consumption on insulin sensitivity
    Qiwei X Paulson
    Department of Nutritional Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Texas, USA
    Nutr J 9:14. 2010
    ..The aim of this study was to determine whether alcohol consumption and body weights affect overlapping metabolic pathways and to identify specific target genes that are regulated in these pathways...
  79. ncbi Recombinant human insulin-like growth factor-I treatment inhibits gluconeogenesis in a transgenic mouse model of type 2 diabetes mellitus
    Patricia Pennisi
    Diabetes Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Betheda, MD 20892, USA
    Endocrinology 147:2619-30. 2006
    ..rhIGF-I treatment also increased body weight in MKR with concomitant changes in body composition such as a decrease in fat mass and an increase in lean body ..
  80. ncbi No change in calculated creatinine clearance after tenofovir initiation among Thai patients
    Angele Gayet-Ageron
    University Hospital of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
    J Antimicrob Chemother 59:1034-7. 2007
    Thai patients have a lower average body weight than patients from western Europe or the USA...
  81. ncbi Various dietary fats differentially change the gene expression of neuropeptides involved in body weight regulation in rats
    B Dziedzic
    Department of Cell to Cell Communication, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
    J Neuroendocrinol 19:364-73. 2007
    ..The present study demonstrates that various forms of dietary fat differentially change the expression of neuropeptide genes involved in energy homeostasis...
  82. ncbi Effect of chronic consumption of almonds on body weight in healthy humans
    James Hollis
    Department of Foods and Nutrition, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47906, USA
    Br J Nutr 98:651-6. 2007
    ..Ten weeks of daily almond consumption did not cause a change in body weight. This was predominantly due to compensation for the energy contained in the almonds through reduced food intake ..
  83. ncbi Chronic central infusion of ghrelin increases hypothalamic neuropeptide Y and Agouti-related protein mRNA levels and body weight in rats
    J Kamegai
    Department of Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
    Diabetes 50:2438-43. 2001
    ..However, the effect of chronic infusion of ghrelin on food consumption and body weight and their possible mechanisms have not been elucidated...
  84. ncbi Twenty-year changes in the prevalence of obesity among Finnish adults
    M Lahti-Koski
    National Institute for Health and Welfare THL, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
    Obes Rev 11:171-6. 2010
    ..A comprehensive public health strategy targeting the whole population and especially those with low education is urgently needed to halt the obesity epidemic...
  85. ncbi Early macronutrient intake and overweight at five years of age
    S Scaglioni
    Department of Paediatrics, San Paolo Hospital, Milan, Italy
    Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord 24:777-81. 2000
    ..To examine the influence of the macronutrient intake in early life on the development of overweight in children...
  86. ncbi Ghrelin-leptin tango in body-weight regulation
    David E Cummings
    Gastroenterology 124:1532-5. 2003
  87. ncbi Effect of Undaria pinnatifida (Wakame) on the development of cerebrovascular diseases in stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats
    Katsumi Ikeda
    School of Human Envionmental Sciences, Mukogawa Women s University, Nishinomiya, Japan
    Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 30:44-8. 2003
    ..It is possible that fucoxanthin in Wakame may have a preventive effect against ischaemic neuronal cell death seen in SHRSP with stroke...
  88. ncbi Early undernutrition leads to long-lasting reductions in body weight and adiposity whereas increased intake increases cardiac fibrosis in male rats
    Elena Velkoska
    Department of Pharmacology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, 3010, Australia
    J Nutr 138:1622-7. 2008
    ..examined both short- (24 d) and long- (16 wk) term effects of early postnatal over- and underfeeding in rats on body weight, body composition, plasma hormones, adiposity markers, and hypothalamic neuropeptide Y content...
  89. ncbi A longitudinal examination of patterns in girls' weight concerns and body dissatisfaction from ages 5 to 9 years
    Kirsten Krahnstoever Davison
    Department of Human Development and Family Studies, The Pennsylvania State University, S 110 Henderson Building, University Park, PA 16802, USA
    Int J Eat Disord 33:320-32. 2003
    ....
  90. ncbi Chicken meat quality: genetic variability and relationship with growth and muscle characteristics
    Elisabeth Le Bihan-Duval
    Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique INRA, UR83 Recherches Avicoles, F 37380 Nouzilly, France
    BMC Genet 9:53. 2008
    ..The aim of this study was to evaluate the genetic parameters of several breast meat quality traits and their genetic relationships with muscle characteristics in a heavy commercial line of broilers...
  91. ncbi Motivational "spill-over" during weight control: increased self-determination and exercise intrinsic motivation predict eating self-regulation
    Jutta Mata
    Department of Exercise and Health, Faculty of Human Kinetics, Technical University of Lisbon, Cruz Quebrada, Portugal
    Health Psychol 28:709-16. 2009
    ..The authors further investigated whether general, treatment-related, and exercise motivation underlie the relation between increased exercise and improved eating regulation...
  92. ncbi Hypothalamic pathways underlying the endocrine, autonomic, and behavioral effects of leptin
    J K Elmquist
    Department of Neurology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Program in Neuroscience, Harvard Medical School, 325 Research North, 99 Brookline Avenue, Boston, MA 02215, USA
    Physiol Behav 74:703-8. 2001
    ..Leptin decreases body weight in part by activating the sympathetic nervous system, resulting in increased thermogenesis and energy ..
  93. ncbi Patterns of growth associated with the timing of adiposity rebound
    Sheila M Williams
    Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
    Obesity (Silver Spring) 17:335-41. 2009
    ..12 (95% CI: 1.09, 4.13) and 3.32 (95% CI: 1.46, 7.54). Thus, early rebound is associated with increased depositions of fat in middle childhood, and risks associated with early rebound persist at least until early adulthood...
  94. ncbi Altered serotonin receptor expression is associated with depression-related behavior in the R6/1 transgenic mouse model of Huntington's disease
    Terence Y C Pang
    Howard Florey Institute, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
    Hum Mol Genet 18:753-66. 2009
    ..Our findings implicate altered serotonergic signaling as the basis for the development of depression during the preclinical stages of HD...
  95. ncbi Leukocyte telomere dynamics and human hematopoietic stem cell kinetics during somatic growth
    Igor Sidorov
    Department of Medical Microbiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
    Exp Hematol 37:514-24. 2009
    ..A central question in stem cell research is knowing the frequency of human hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) replication in vivo...
  96. ncbi Maternal macronutrient and energy intakes in pregnancy and offspring intake at 10 y: exploring parental comparisons and prenatal effects
    Marie Jo A Brion
    Department of Social Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
    Am J Clin Nutr 91:748-56. 2010
    ..Few prospective dietary studies have explored this relation...
  97. ncbi QTL for body weight, morphometric traits and stress response in European sea bass Dicentrarchus labrax
    C Massault
    Division of Genetics and Genomics, Roslin Institute and Royal Dick School of Veterinary Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Roslin, Midlothian EH25 9PS, UK
    Anim Genet 41:337-45. 2010
    ..2122 offspring from natural mating between 57 parents (22 males, 34 females and one missing) phenotyped for body weight, eight morphometric traits and cortisol levels, had been previously assigned to parents based on genotypes of ..
  98. ncbi Independent associations of body-size adjusted fat mass and fat-free mass with the metabolic syndrome in Chinese
    Jing Wang
    Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Metabolism, Institute for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
    Ann Hum Biol 36:110-21. 2009
    ..Excess fat leads to adverse health outcomes. Most previous studies investigating body fatness using BMI or fat percentage, which contain both fat mass and fat-free mass, were not able to differentiate the exposure...
  99. ncbi The hypothalamus and the control of energy homeostasis: different circuits, different purposes
    G Williams
    Diabetes and Endocrinology Research Group, Department of Medicine, University of Liverpool, Duncan Building, Daulby Street, L69 3GA, Liverpool, UK
    Physiol Behav 74:683-701. 2001
    ..Orexin neurones are stimulated by hypoglycaemia partly via the NTS and inhibited by food ingestion. These neurones may therefore be involved in the severe hyperphagia of hypoglycaemia and short-term control of feeding...
  100. ncbi 1,25-Dihydroxycholecalciferol prevents and ameliorates symptoms of experimental murine inflammatory bowel disease
    M T Cantorna
    Department of Nutrition, College of Health and Human Development, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
    J Nutr 130:2648-52. 2000
    ..1, 25-Dihydroxycholecalciferol treatment (0.2 microgram/d) for as little as 2 wk blocked the progression and ameliorated (P < 0.05) symptoms in IL-10 KO mice with already established IBD...
  101. ncbi Low-dose leptin reverses skeletal muscle, autonomic, and neuroendocrine adaptations to maintenance of reduced weight
    Michael Rosenbaum
    Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York 10032, USA
    J Clin Invest 115:3579-86. 2005
    Maintenance of a reduced body weight is accompanied by decreased energy expenditure that is due largely to increased skeletal muscle work efficiency...

Research Grants85

  1. Hypothalamic SIRT1 and Energy Balance
    Eduardo A Nillni; Fiscal Year: 2010
    ..siRNA mediated knock down of Sirt1 in the arcuate nucleus (ARC) of the hypothalamus decreases food intake and body weight gain...
  2. Arcuate nucleus glutamatergic neurons modulate energy homeostasis
    Anthony N van den Pol; Fiscal Year: 2010
    ..cells should give us a better appreciation of the cellular mechanisms underlying energy homeostasis and body weight regulation, and should give us new insight into the potential treatment of obesity through those neurons that ..
  3. Obesity: neural control of body weight and metabolism
    Barry E Levin; Fiscal Year: 2010
    ..in hypothalamic leptin receptor transcription, binding and downstream signaling pathways, food intake and body weight gain on chow and HE diet, carcass composition, expression of various mRNA and protein species will be used to ..
  4. Maternal Hyperinsulinemia and Fetal Programming
    Mulchand Patel; Fiscal Year: 2009
    ..The hypothalamic melanocortin system is considered to play a critical role in the regulation of appetite and body weight homeostasis; it is hypothesized that aberrations in this system contribute significantly towards the ..
  5. Maternal Hyperinsulinemia and Fetal Programming
    Mulchand S Patel; Fiscal Year: 2010
    ..The hypothalamic melanocortin system is considered to play a critical role in the regulation of appetite and body weight homeostasis;it is hypothesized that aberrations in this system contribute significantly towards the development ..
  6. Phosphodiesterase-3B signaling in the Hypothalamus and Obesity
    Abhiram Sahu; Fiscal Year: 2010
    ..secreted primarily by fat cells and acts centrally, particularly in the hypothalamus, to reduce food intake and body weight (wt)...
  7. Development of Leptin-Sensitive Hypothalamic Pathways
    Richard Simerly; Fiscal Year: 2005
    ..Leptin signals are conveyed via the ARH to other brain regions involved in the regulation of body weight, such as the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus (PVH), an important component of the final common ..
  8. Nutritional Risk Factors for Type 2 Diabetes in the Multiethnic Cohort
    Gertraud Maskarinec; Fiscal Year: 2007
    ..diabetes and Japanese-Americans also suffer a disproportionate rate of the disease despite their relatively low body weight. The importance of body weight and nutritional composition appears to differ by ethnic background...
  9. DIETARY COMPOSITION, OBESITY, AND CARDIOVASCULAR RISK
    ERNST SCHAEFER; Fiscal Year: 2003
    ..to examine the effects of three diets meeting National Cholesterol Education program Step 2 diet criteria on body weight and composition and on CHD risk factors (LDL C, HDL C, remnant lipoprotein C, Lp(a) C, insulin, glycosylated ..
  10. NEURAL SUBSTRATES OF PEPTIDE INDUCED SATIETY
    Robert C Ritter; Fiscal Year: 2010
    ..intake and to appreciate how these substrates are involved in the physiology and pathology of food intake and body weight. CCK is a peptide hormone secreted by enteroendcrine "I cells" of the upper small intestine, while GLP-1 is ..
  11. BEHAVIORAL PHYSIOLOGY OF BODY WEIGHT REGULATION
    DIANNE FIGLEWICZ LATTEMANN; Fiscal Year: 2010
    ..effects of insulin and leptin are independent of their chronic effects to decrease food intake and regulate body weight. Our recent studies demonstrate that both the medial hypothalamic arcuate nucleus (ARC) and the ventral ..
  12. DNA Methylation Profiles in a Polygenic Mouse Model of Diet-Induced Obesity
    Jan Bressler; Fiscal Year: 2007
    ..Although the results of twin studies and adoption studies provide strong support for a genetic influence on body weight, mutations causing obesity are rare in the population and major genes contributing to common obesity have not ..
  13. Response to and signals of caloric restriction and intermittent feeding regimens
    Marc Hellerstein; Fiscal Year: 2009
    ..First, a life-time of food deprivation and reduced body weight is not practical for most people; and, second, it has not been easy to identify the underlying metabolic and ..
  14. Response to and signals of caloric restriction and intermittent feeding regimens
    MARC KOPEL HELLERSTEIN; Fiscal Year: 2010
    ..First, a life-time of food deprivation and reduced body weight is not practical for most people;and, second, it has not been easy to identify the underlying metabolic and ..
  15. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor induced weight loss: neural mechanisms
    Chuanfeng Wang; Fiscal Year: 2009
    ..CRHR) signaling attenuates BDNF-inhibited feeding; and 3) chronic (14 d) injection of BDNF reduces feeding and body weight long-term and increases proliferation of newborn cells in the region...
  16. PHOTOPERIODIC CONTROL OF OBESITY
    Timothy Bartness; Fiscal Year: 1991
    ..The seasonal changes in body weight in Syrian (Mesocricetus auratus) and Siberian (Phodopus sungorus sungorus) hamsters are reflected entirely as ..
  17. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor induced weight loss: neural mechanisms
    Chuanfeng Wang; Fiscal Year: 2010
    ..CRHR) signaling attenuates BDNF-inhibited feeding;and 3) chronic (14 d) injection of BDNF reduces feeding and body weight long-term and increases proliferation of newborn cells in the region...
  18. Food Rheology and Exercise in Aging Humans
    WAYNE CAMPBELL; Fiscal Year: 2009
    Human aging is often associated with compromised regulation of energy balance and inappropriate body weight and body composition...
  19. NUTRITION, LIPOPROTEIN LIPASE AND BODY WEIGHT REGULATION
    Robert Eckel; Fiscal Year: 1992
    ..in this proposal is to understand how the tissue-dependent relation of LPL by macronutrients relates to body weight maintenance...
  20. Analytical Tools for Optimizing Neurorehabilitation of Gait
    W Selbie; Fiscal Year: 2006
    ....
  21. Leptin in Human Energy and Neuroendocrine Homeostasis
    Rudolph Leibel; Fiscal Year: 2006
    ..Energy and neuroendocrine homeostastic systems are altered during the maintenance of a reduced body weight in a manner that favors the regain of lost weight; 2...
  22. Examination of mechanisms (E-MECHANIC) of exercise-induced weight compensation
    CORBY K contact MARTIN; Fiscal Year: 2010
    High body weight is associated with increased risk for hypertension, dyslipidemia, inflammation, metabolic syndrome, stroke, and coronary heart disease...
  23. Regulation of Food Intake and Body Weight by GLP-1
    ROGER REIDELBERGER; Fiscal Year: 2007
    ..In rodents, GLP-1 potently reduces food intake and body weight when given systemically or into the brain, and administration of the GLP-1 receptor antagonist exendin(9-39) ..
  24. Regulation of Food Intake and Body Weight by GLP-1
    ROGER REIDELBERGER; Fiscal Year: 2009
    ..In rodents, GLP-1 potently reduces food intake and body weight when given systemically or into the brain, and administration of the GLP-1 receptor antagonist exendin(9-39) ..
  25. Exercise, Breast Cancer Prevention, and Mechanisms
    Henry Thompson; Fiscal Year: 2009
    ..mammary carcinogenesis and that are dependent on PA intensity and duration, and independent of differences in body weight. Three specific aims are proposed:1) How does PA intensity inhibit the carcinogenic process? A range of PA ..
  26. INTERACTIONS OF LEPTIN AND CENTRAL SEROTONIN SYSTEMS
    Joel Elmquist; Fiscal Year: 2004
    DESCRIPTION: (Adapted from the Investigator's Abstract) In the United States today aberrant food intake and body weight regulation is prevalent and is manifested by extremes that include obesity and anorexia nervosa...
  27. Smart Knee Brace
    Katherine Rudolph; Fiscal Year: 2005
    ..Currently, therapists can begin rehabilitation of walking by using lower extremity braces or body weight supported treadmill training to support the weak limb...
  28. LEPTIN ACTION ON HYPOTHALAMIC PEPTIDES GOVERNING FEEDING
    Abhiram Sahu; Fiscal Year: 2001
    The goal of this project is to understand the neurobiological basis of food intake and body weight regulation...