extrinsic allergic alveolitis

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..These results suggest that IFN-gamma mediates the recruitment of CXCR3+/CD4+ T cells into the lung via production of the chemokines IP-10, Mig, and I-TAC, resulting in granuloma formation...

Hypersensitivity pneumonitis (extrinsic allergic alveolitis) caused by inhaled allergens can progress to disabling or even fatal end-stage lung disease. The only truly effective treatment is early recognition and control of exposure...

..Reactivity to used but not unused MWF suggests a biocontaminant, probably bacteria or fungi, is the causative antigen in the development of HP in this setting...

..The relationship of this mycobacterium to the cases of HP is unknown...

..These findings suggest that disease due to NTM may manifest as diffuse infiltrates in immunocompetent adults and that hot tub use may be an important risk factor for this disease pattern...

..Other constituents of in-use metalworking fluids (MWFs) may also contribute to the development of lung disease. We investigated the potential for Mycobacterium immunogenum (MI) in MWFs to induce HP...

..The rule retained its accuracy when validated in a separate cohort of 261 patients. The diagnosis of HP can often be made or rejected with confidence, especially in areas of high or low prevalence, respectively, without BAL or biopsy...

..Although we did not examine the presence of Mycobacterium avium in the water of sauna bath, we suspected this case as Hot Tub Lung based on clinical features and the response to treatment...

..Disinfection may select for the predominance and growth of mycobacteria. Therefore, mycobacteria may be responsible, in part, for many outbreaks of hypersensitivity pneumonitis and other respiratory problems in the workplace and home...

..Prednisone therapy offered minimal further improvement while anti-MAC therapy provided no further improvement. These results are suggestive of a hypersensitivity pneumonitis rather than an infectious etiology...

..immunogenum is an unrecognized class of microorganisms capable of causing hypersensitivity pneumonitis and plays a role in the outbreaks of hypersensitivity pneumonitis in automotive plants...

..Hypersensitivity to MAC, rather than an infection, is the likely underlying mechanism in these 2 cases of hot tub lung...

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..A diagnosis of extrinsic allergic alveolitis (EAA) or toxic alveolitis was made on the basis of the history and the clinical, radiological, ..

b>Extrinsic allergic alveolitis (also known as hypersensitivity pneumonitis) is caused by repeated inhalation of mainly organic antigens by sensitized subjects...

..Hypersensitivity pneumonitis has been described with exposure to aerosolized Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) in indoor hot tubs (hot tub lung)...

..We believe the case is hypersensitivity pneumonitis to MAC in an immunocompetent patient, simulating hot tub lung. Hypersensitivity pneumonitis caused by MAC is rare in Japan...

Determination of specific IgG antibodies is important for the diagnosis of extrinsic allergic alveolitis (EAA)...

..This review discusses the methodologies used to examine the toxicity of the complex nature of modern metalworking fluids and the findings that point toward bacterial endotoxin as a major contributor to their adverse effects...

..1, df = 7, p <.0002). Measured oil mist air levels did not exceed the Occupational Safety and Health Administration's (OSHA's) permissible exposure limit (PEL), and in fact, did not exceed 0.5 mg/m(3)...

..The HP diagnostic index could provide a useful tool in future HP outbreaks, which are increasingly being recognized in metalworking facilities...

..Although corticosteroids may be helpful in the treatment of severely affected patients, others can be managed by avoidance of additional exposure alone...

..tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of sarcoidosis and extrinsic allergic alveolitis (EAA)...

..We propose that hypersensitivity pneumonitis may occur in North America, as it does in Japan, from domestic exposures alone...

..Open lung biopsy revealed extrinsic allergic alveolitis (hypersensitivity pneumonitis)...

..We conclude that interaction of MCP-1 with CCR2 is not necessary for the development of pulmonary inflammation in response to intratracheally administered S rectivirgula or cells able to adoptively transfer experimental HP...

Several new cases of Extrinsic Allergic Alveolitis or Farmer's Lung (FL) in farm workers were reported to Occupational Health Services in the province of Reggio Emilia (Italy)...

..Observed precipitin responses to a variety of microbial contaminants in metalworking fluid strongly suggest a causative role for microbial antigens in the induction and elicitation of this manifestation of hypersensitivity pneumonitis...

..Retrospective review of samples submitted to our laboratory showed an association between presence of mycobacteria and HP...

..Serum precipitins and asymptomatic lymphocytic alveolitis in an asymptomatic, exposed dairy farmer have no clinically meaningful long-term consequences...

..High levels of CCL18 were detected in the subacute rather than the chronic phase of HP. These findings suggest a role for CCL18 in the pathogenesis of HP...

..However, the source of IL-8 may be different and AMs are the candidate source of IL-8 in HP, but not in SAR. The flow cytometric method may be useful in assessing cytokines production by AMs...

..Hypersensitivity pneumonitis (HP) exhibits a diverse outcome. Patients with acute/subacute HP usually improve, whereas patients with chronic disease often progress to fibrosis. However, the mechanisms underlying this difference are unknown...

..Natural killer T (NKT) cells, a newly identified subgroup of T cells with immunoregulatory function, may be implicated in the pathogenesis of interstitial lung disease (ILD)...

..This case suggests that Trichosporon infection may develop into granuloma with multinucleated giant cells...

..This distinction can be made by evaluating the vessel calibre and air trapping on expiratory scans...

..This initial experience shows that, for specific indications, uniportal video-assisted thoracic surgery for wedge pulmonary resections can be safe and effective...

..To measure surfactant protein-A (SP-A) in the BAL of patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF)...

..A Cox regression analysis showed that type of ILD, FVC, age at diagnosis and % of macrophages in BALF predict outcome of patients affected by ILD...

..Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) is an established diagnostic tool in interstitial lung diseases. BAL frequently yields findings of diagnostic value and at times even confirmatory diagnostic results...

..An evaluation of protective measures was initiated using the outcomes of clinical, immunological, and radiological findings...

..We describe a patient with HP featuring well-formed granulomas on transbronchial biopsy specimens, a finding believed to be unique to MAC-related HP, also referred to as "hot tub lung"...

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..The immunopathogenesis appears to represent a combination of type III and IV immune responses. Identifying the offending antigen is vital so that appropriate environmental precautions can be carried out...

..Microchimerism has been implicated in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases, especially in those showing increased incidence after childbearing age...

Twelve workers from a car engine-manufacturing plant presented with extrinsic allergic alveolitis (EAA), with heterogeneous clinical, radiological and pathological findings...

..With absence from the workplace and no steroid therapy, the symptoms of both patients subsided and the results of lung function tests and CT scans improved markedly...

..Despite the presence of extensive fibrosis, some patients responded to removal from exposure and steroid therapy...

..Although a positive finding of returning-home provocation test was definitive in diagnosing summer-type hypersensitivity pneumonitis, he was also suspected of having bird fancier's lung...

..To evaluate the role of bronchoalveolar lavage in the diagnosis of diffuse parenchymal lung diseases and review the recent literature published within the past 12 months...

..Extent of pathological changes, i.e. nodularity, lines, honeycombing but not ground-glass estimated by HRCT and expressed as a score correlated significantly with lung function abnormalities...

..In conclusion, this study shows evidence of altered expression of tumour necrosis factor superfamily receptors in hypersensitivity pneumonitis...

..The employer, metalworking fluid supplier, union, and the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health were notified of this sentinel health event. No further cases have been documented in this workplace...

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..This supports the hypothesis of an oxidant-antioxidant imbalance in the pathogenesis of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis...

..rectivirgula exposure. The results from our studies suggest that one or more PRR(s) upstream of MyD88 are necessary for neutrophil recruitment following S. rectivirgula exposure...

..inflammatory messages, we compared gene expression in sarcoidosis with that of tuberculosis and extrinsic allergic alveolitis. After normalization genes up- or downregulated for a factor of at least 1.8 were further analyzed...

..HRCT is useful in achieving more accurate categorization of the parenchymal changes in each type of pneumoconiosis...

..Our results, in concordance with previous studies, demonstrate the potential activity of TARC for recruiting Th2 cells to the lungs and suggest a significant role for TARC in the pathogenesis of eosinophilic pneumonia...

..The significance of the modifications observed between the different lung pathologies is discussed with the aim of understanding the mechanistic bases of lung disease pathogenesis and finding new potential lung markers of disorders...

..Changes of pulmonary fibrosis detected on CT may also correlate with prognosis in patients with HP...

..This study reviews the previously reported information and provides new insights into the pathological features of chronic hypersensitivity pneumonitis...

..There was a tendency toward increasing lymphocytes and high CD4/CD8 ratio in bronchoalveolar lavage fluids. Treatment with steroids seems to have a limited effect, while avoidance of the antigen is important...

..The possible involvement of vesicular monoamine transporter type 2 (VMAT2) with these observed effects was discussed...

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..This review is an attempt to clarify the diagnostic pathologic features of usual interstitial pneumonia and to provide guidelines for its distinction from other interstitial lung diseases that enter the differential diagnosis...

..Overall, these findings suggest that thrombin-activatable fibrinolysis inhibitor and protein C inhibitor may play important roles in the mechanism of intraalveolar hypofibrinolysis associated with interstitial lung diseases...

..CONCLUSIONS: Patients with diisocyanate-induced HP are likely to override the protective effects of IL-10 as they express lower levels of this cytokine...

..Reasons are being sought for the failure of all other diagnostic methods to diagnose exogenous allergic alveolitis. The disease is distinguished from the "organic dust toxic syndrome" by differential diagnosis...

..From these results, we conclude that the fibrosis and tissue-damaging reactions in hypersensitivity pneumonitis, but not the alveolitis, are partly dependent on LFA-1-mediated cellular interactions.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)..

..24 hours after exposure bronchoalveolar lavage showed an increase of neutrophils. In lung parenchyma mononuclear interstitial infiltrates and an epitheloid cell granuloma were seen...

..In extrinsic allergic alveolitis, we noted the presence of a large lymphocytic alveolitis mostly with CD4+/CD8+ reverse ratio, ..

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..This review focuses on the patterns of granulomatous inflammation that can cause diffuse lung disease, highlighting histopathological features helpful in differential diagnosis...

..The results suggest that further studies need to be undertaken to elucidate the role of microbial cell wall products in the development of inflammatory lung responses among research animals...

..However, the chest HRCT images showed the typical subacute phase of HP...

..Natural history, clinical findings, chest radiography, pulmonary function, immunological investigations, the use of the bronchoalveolar lavage, the prognostic and management of HP are discussed...

..the identified fungal species are characterized as allergenic and an exposure to their spores may provoke adverse health effects (such as allergic rhinitis, bronchial asthma or extrinsic allergic alveolitis) in susceptible individuals.

Pigeon breeder's lung (PBL) or Bird fancier's lung (BFL) is one of the most common extrinsic allergic alveolitis or hypersensitivity pneumonitis...

Since 1939, it has been known that, silicosis and extrinsic allergic alveolitis can be seen among dental technicians...

..Obstructive airway diseases are the major disorder caused by isocyanates. Rare cases suffer from extrinsic allergic alveolitis or eczema...

..fibrosing alveolitis [CFA] or idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis), three with sarcoidosis, one with extrinsic allergic alveolitis, one with sulphonamide-induced pneumonia, and one patient with eosinophilic granuloma...

..applications of IS in the assessment of fibrotic and granulomatous diseases such as sarcoidosis and extrinsic allergic alveolitis, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, connective tissue disorders, occupational lung diseases and other ..

..The objective of this study was to perform a descriptive analysis of the cytologic study and of the lymphocyte subpopulations in BAL fluid from patients with interstitial lung disease...

..two cases of sarcoidosis, two cases of organizing pneumonia, and one case each of tuberculosis, extrinsic allergic alveolitis, non-specific interstitial pneumonitis, pneumocystis pneumonia, aspergilloma, respiratory ..

Hypersensitivity pneumonitis or extrinsic allergic alveolitis is an immunologically mediated lung disease caused by repeated inhalations of organic antigens...

Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis (HP), or extrinsic allergic alveolitis, is an interstitial lung disease that develops following repeated exposure to inhaled environmental antigens...

Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis (HP), or extrinsic allergic alveolitis, is an interstitial lung disease that develops following repeated exposure to inhaled environmental antigens...

Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis (HP), or extrinsic allergic alveolitis, is an interstitial lung disease that develops following repeated exposure to inhaled environmental antigens...

Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis (HP), or extrinsic allergic alveolitis, is an interstitial lung disease that develops following repeated exposure to inhaled environmental antigens...

..Studies will be done with freshly-dispersed bovine and cultured human airway smooth muscle cells. ..

..Detailed health and home hygiene questionnaires and home inspections will be conducted at baseline and one year later, as will child spirometry. ..

..This will become particularly important if translational research is to keep pace as strides are made in the basic immunology, genetics and biochemistry of IPF. ..

..abstract_text> ..

..These protocols will define the role of standard therapy, test the efficacy of targeted combination therapy, and explore the promise of a novel approach to the design and delivery of therapeutic agents for IPF. (End of Abstract) ..

..ESSENTIAL CHARACTERISTICS Strategic Vision and Impact on Environmental Health ..

..We have assembled an interdisciplinary team consisting of an occupational health physician, epidemiologists, a biostatistician and a computer programmer. We have arranged access to all nine data systems. ..

..abstract_text> ..

..To address these aims, the principal method is radiometric imaging of [Ca2+]i in single, bovine airway smooth muscle cells loaded with the calcium dye, fura-2. ..

..The object of these experiments is to confirm that the responses we are obtaining with the in vitro studies resemble the responses of actual immune cells. The volunteers are being used as a source of normal cells. ..

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..0% of the cohort has developed these changes. The results of this study will help to elucidate the underlying mechanism of beryllium sensitization and chronic disease. ..

..The object of these experiments is to confirm that the responses we are obtaining with the in vitro studies resemble the responses of actual immune cells. The volunteers are being used as a source of normal cells. ..

..We anticipate that the results will help to determine whether there are differential effects for equal mass exposures to fine particles of different size fractions in the pathogenesis of COPD ..