cough

This article examines the evidence-based guidelines for diagnosis and treatment of acute cough in children. Cough is a common symptom in children and a frequent reason for consultation in primary care...

..No internationally accepted, evidence-based guideline addresses the optimal means of conducting such screening, although screening for chronic cough is common.

..To investigate the effectiveness of case finding of patients at risk of developing chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, whether the method is suitable for use in general practice, how patients should be selected, and the time required...

The Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) guidelines underline that the presence of chronic cough and sputum production before airflow obstruction offers a unique opportunity to identify subjects at risk of ..

..seeking behaviour of and health systems responses to migrants and permanent urban residents suffering from chronic cough, in order to identify the factors influencing delays for both groups in receiving a TB diagnosis in urban China.

Dry cough is a common, annoying adverse effect of all angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors...

..To review the spectrum and frequency of complications associated with coughing...

..The prevalence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in China is largely unknown...

..Mulago Hospital, Kampala, Uganda...

To describe variation in antibiotic prescribing for acute cough in contrasting European settings and the impact on recovery.

..The aim was to evaluate how cigarette smoking is associated with respiratory symptoms, fitness, and anthropometric measures in young smokers...

..medications dextromethorphan and diphenhydramine are superior to placebo for the treatment of nocturnal cough and sleep difficulty associated with upper respiratory infections and to determine whether parents have improved ..

..To ascertain if coughing during emergence from general anesthesia can be suppressed with a modified endotracheal tube...

..We investigated the perception that Chinese-Americans may have a higher incidence of chronic cough from angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors.

Acid reflux may aggravate airway disease including asthma and chronic cough. One postulated mechanism concerns a vagally-mediated oesophageal-tracheobronchial reflex with airway sensory nerve activation and tachykinin release.

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..The threshold for the cough reflex induced by inhalation of increasing nebulizer outputs of ultrasonically nebulized distilled water (fog), an ..

Sputum cell-counts were studied in 7 non-smokers with corticosteroid-responsive chronic cough productive of sputum and 8 smokers with a clinical diagnosis of chronic bronchitis, all of whom had normal lung function tests and methacholine ..

To evaluate the efficacy of treatment for gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (GORD) on chronic cough in children and adults without an underlying respiratory disease.

Postoperative sore throat, cough, and hoarseness of voice though minor sequelae after general tracheal anaesthesia can be distressing to the patient.

..Comparison of the droplet concentrations for subjects in different age groups demonstrated that subjects in the 30-50-year age group have the largest droplet concentrations...

..In clinical practice, antiviral use has rarely been guided by antecedent laboratory diagnosis. Defined clinical predictors of an influenza infection can help guide timely therapy and avoid unnecessary antibiotic use...

..enzyme inhibitors are effective for many cardiovascular diseases and are widely prescribed, but cough sometimes necessitates their withdrawal...

To describe the anatomy and neurophysiology of the cough reflex.

Acid gastro-oesophageal reflux is one of the most important causes of chronic cough. The response to acid suppression in these patients is not as good as in patients with heartburn but improvement with antireflux surgery has been ..

The few prospective studies aimed at assessing the incidence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in relation to the presence of chronic cough/phlegm have produced contrasting results.

We have identified the tracheal and laryngeal afferent nerves regulating cough in anaesthetized guinea-pigs...

Epidemiologic studies indicate that chronic cough and sputum production are associated with increased mortality and disease progression in COPD subjects...

..2. Data were obtained from 28 mid-collicular decerebrated, artificially ventilated cats. Cough-like motor patterns (fictive cough) in phrenic, lumbar and recurrent laryngeal nerves were elicited by mechanical ..

Fentanyl is regularly used in clinical anesthesia practice but fentanyl-induced cough (FIC) will sometimes bother anesthesiologists. This study was designed to examine the effect of intravenous (IV) dexamethasone (DEX) on FIC.

..A randomised, placebo controlled, double blind study was undertaken to determine whether hydrocodone in combination with midazolan improves cough suppression during FB without increasing the risk of desaturation.

..Smaller droplets were also detected by the aerosol spectrometer. More droplets seemed to be generated when a food dye was used...

..Further, a high-speed schlieren video of a single cough is analysed by a computerized method of tracking individual turbulent eddies, demonstrating the non-intrusive ..

This study investigated the effects of antigen challenge on the cough reflex in dogs that were neonatally sensitized to ragweed...

The relationship between cough receptor sensitivity and eosinophilic inflammation of the airway in patients with asthma remains unclear.

..smear-positive tuberculosis (TB) and mortality rates between the general population and individuals with prolonged cough. DESIGN: A cohort study of 559 prolonged cough cases in a total population of 35,832, observed over 2.5 years...

..unilateral middle cerebral artery (MCA) infarctions in right-handed subjects on their ability to elicit voluntary cough (VC), and separately to assess the laryngeal cough reflex using the reflex cough test...

Dysfunction of the cough reflex as a result of the lingering effects of anaesthetics may lead to aspiration pneumonia or retained secretions after general anaesthesia...

Airborne disease transmission has always been a topic of wide interests in various fields for decades. Cough is found to be one of the prime sources of airborne diseases as it has high velocity and large quantity of droplets...

We have recently reported a strong association between organ specific autoimmune disease and idiopathic chronic cough and have suggested that cough may be caused by airway inflammation secondary to aberrant homing of activated ..

We tested the effectiveness of the cough trick (CT) as a method of pain relief during peripheral venipuncture (VP) in a crossover study...

..All afferent nerve subtypes innervating the airways can modulate the cough reflex...

Increased sensitivity of cough reflex is a fundamental feature of bronchodilator resistant non-productive cough associated with eosinophilic tracheobronchitis...

This article expands the author's presentation at the First American Cough Conference in New York City, June 8-9, 2007. The results of a scientific literature search and application of personal research findings are included...

..Current measurement tools have difficulty identifying the automatic physiologic processes maintaining continence, and many questions still remain about pelvic floor muscle (PFM) function during automatic events...

..Little is known regarding cough in CCHS...

The evidence for supramedullary influences on cough is largely indirect. Cough can be voluntarily induced or inhibited, functions usually thought to reside in the cerebral cortex...

..Both of these classes of drugs act centrally to prevent cough. A brief review of what is known about the central encoding of cough is presented, as are the advantages of ..

To evaluate Bordetella pertussis as a cause of persistent cough in adults, we examined 201 patients who had a cough for 2-12 weeks and no pulmonary disease...

Dry and persistent cough is one of the commonest side effects experienced by patients treated with angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors for the therapy of hypertension and congestive heart failure...

Acid is an important mediator in the pathogenesis of cough. Inhalation of exogenous acid triggers cough and endogenous acid may contribute to cough in respiratory diseases...

Dry cough is the most common reason for stopping angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEi) therapy. The role of ACE in the metabolism of bradykinin has been proposed as a pathogenic mechanism...

..We aimed to study health-seeking behaviour and experience of those with cough in The Gambia and to identify whether they had tuberculosis.

..The sensitivity and specificity of PA were 80.3% and 92.3% at a titer of 1:80. ELISA was found to be less sensitive than PA...

Gastroesophageal disease, a common cause of chronic cough, is often poorly recognised. We reviewed the presenting history of 47 chronic cough patients who had been proven to have gastroesophageal disease by oesophageal function testing...

Professional and parental uncertainty regarding the natural history of cough and respiratory tract infection (R77) in pre-school children may in part be responsible for the high consultation, reconsultation, and antibiotic prescribing ..

All mammalian species studied cough or display some similar respiratory reflex upon aerosol challenge with tussigenic stimuli such as citric acid or capsaicin...

To assess the clinical utility of flexible bronchoscopy (FB) in the evaluation of patients with chronic cough and normal or nonlocalizing chest radiographic findings.

Chronic cough is a prevalent symptom in the community but it is likely that only a small fraction of chronic coughers seek medical attention...

..reflux disease (GERD) is linked to several extraesophageal disease states including laryngitis, asthma, chronic cough, and noncardiac chest pain (NCCP)...

..This study has therefore developed and tested a weighted scoring system that prioritises those most urgently in need, based on their questionnaire responses...

OBJECTIVE: To describe an approach to diagnosis and treatment of patients with chronic cough. QUALIITY OF EVIDENCE: MEDLINE was search for reports of studies comducted between 1970 and 2000 on chronic cough and its epidemiology, natural ..

STUDY OBJECTIVES: Little is known about the normal ranges and repeatability of cough reflex sensitivity measurements, or the relationship of cough reflex sensitivity to other upper airway reflexes in subjects with chronic dry cough...

..Serum and induced sputum NT levels are increased in asthma and in cough because of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, respectively...

b>Cough is an essential protective mechanism for the airways and lungs...

..It is not unreasonable to urge patients to alter their lifestyle: the huge volume, calorie-dense, high-fat meals eaten before bedtime are not likely to prevent GER or add to their life expectancy...

..The symptoms were wheeze, waking at night with breathlessness, breathlessness following exercise, and waking with cough. The kappa statistic did not exceed 0...

A cough is defined as chronic, if it exceeds 8 weeks in length. Post-nasal drip (PND), bronchial asthma and gastro-esophageal reflux (GERD) must be systematically investigated, as these account for 90 percent of chronic cough cases...

Chronic cough, which may be of asthmatic or nonasthmatic origin, is an important clinical issue...

..However, cut-off scores for mild, moderate, or severe asthma should be investigated in further research...

..3% a history of hospital admission for respiratory illnesses. The symptom triad of cough, wheeze and breathlessness (C+W+B+) occurred in 12.6% of children. The geometric mean cotinine level was 0...

Every allergist will eventually encounter a patient who has a persistent cough, dyspnea, and wheezing, but few atopic references, and a limited response to conventional treatment...

Although asthma is the most common cause of cough, wheeze, and dyspnea in children and adults, asthma is often attributed inappropriately to symptoms from other causes...

..The severity of cough, wheezing, diurnal dyspnea, nocturnal dyspnea and dyspnea on physical effort were assessed on a four-point scale, ..

..To investigate the prevalence of chronic respiratory symptoms in 9 metapopulations on Adriatic islands in Croatia, and the relationship between respiratory symptoms and individual genetic background...

..Sensory hyperreactivity may also be present in patients with "classical" asthma sometimes explaining the lack of effect of asthma medication...

To review the literature on the most common causes of chronic cough.

..7% in 1991 and 7.7% in 2003). The prevalence of respiratory symptoms has increased over the past 12 years and this may be related to environmental factors especially increasing air pollution in Hong Kong...

..tobacco smoke exposure was also significantly associated with prevalence of respiratory symptoms such as wheezing, cough and breathlessness...

..We estimated the association between self-reported exposure to road traffic and respiratory symptoms in preschool children, and investigated whether the effect could have been caused by reporting bias...

..The effects of acidification may cause symptoms as cough, dyspnoea, wheezing and may be related to gastroesophageal reflux-induced asthma, inhaled acids (pollution, fog, ..

..Therefore a study was performed on a large cohort of adult patients presenting to Monash Medical Centre (MMC) to survey the course of their disease up to the time of diagnosis...

..In a pulmonologist's private practice, the objectives were to detect UDAO in the absence of dyspnoea, cough and wheezing, to improve its screening following other anamnestic data, and to separate UDAO patients into "..

..protocol involving diagnostic testing and trials of empirical therapy, there may be no obvious cause for a chronic cough in up to 42% of cases referred for specialist evaluation...

..Quality of Life (QoL) measurements are more responsive to clinically significant changes than conventional clinical measures. The aim of the study was to evaluate the relationship between asthma symptoms and QoL in asthmatic patients...

..Simple symptoms such as wheezing with dyspnoea, chronic phlegm or chronic cough had specificity greater than 95%...

..Questionnaires are an epidemiological instrument to detect patients with asthma...

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..kaempferol) has been positively associated with pulmonary function (FEV1) and inversely associated with chronic cough and breathlessness in Dutch COPD patients (6)...

..kaempferol) has been positively associated with pulmonary function (FEV1) and inversely associated with chronic cough and breathlessness in Dutch COPD patients (6)...

..Project 4: Mechanisms of pH deviation in asthma and chronic cough: Using new methods of measuring exhaled breath pH, the studies will focus on distinguishing between patients with ..

..The clinical syndrome began with fever, dry cough, myalgia and sore throat and progressed to atypical pneumonia...

..Sheehan); Core D, Diagnostic Molecular Microbiology Core (M. Wolfgang); and Core E, Mucociliary and Cough Clearance by Gamma Scintigraphy Core (W. Bennett)...

..B. pertussis is the agent that colonizes the human respiratory epithelium to cause whooping cough, or pertussis, and B. bronchiseptica infects a wide range of nonhuman mammals. For iron retrieval, B...

..such as NGF, are increased in the inflamed or infected airways and many symptoms of these diseases (hyperactivity, cough, mucous production) may be related to altered or aberrant functions of the airway nervous system as seen in asthma,..

..oocysts from induced sputum of children with acute or persistent diarrhea concurrently experiencing cough, with or without fast breathing...

..Chronic cough is the fifth most common symptom for which patients seek medical care in the United States, accounting for more ..

..avium, causes a highly contagious respiratory disease in its avian hosts that has striking similarity to whooping cough in children, caused by B. pertussis. We have the advantage of observing B...

Bordetella pertussis is a gram-negative bacterial pathogen that causes the disease known as pertussis or whooping cough. After respiratory tract infection by the bacteria, the disease is characterized by a severe and prolonged cough, ..

..such as NGF, are increased in the inflamed or infected airways and many symptoms of these diseases (hyperactivity, cough, mucous production) may be related to altered or aberrant functions of the airway nervous system as seen in asthma,..

..or chronic upper and lower respiratory symptoms in infants age 3-15 months (a sensitive population), including cough, phlegm, wheeze, runny/stuffy nose, etc...

..such as NGF, are increased in the inflamed or infected airways and many symptoms of these diseases (hyperactivity, cough, mucous production) may be related to altered or aberrant functions of the airway nervous system as seen in asthma,..

..pertussis, the causative agent of whooping cough in humans...

..Tumor response and symptom relief (cough, dyspnea, hemoptysis) will be determined at Day 5, one month and three months...

..Laryngoscopic examination of patients with symptoms of hoarseness, sore throat, throat clearing and chronic cough commonly shows laryngeal abnormalities including laryngitis and vocal cord lesions including polyps, granuloma and ..