nutrition disorders

..The screening tool identifies an acceptable number of patients who are malnourished but overestimates patients at moderate risk...

..The results suggest that there were negative associations between GNP, household income, protein consumption, and child malnutrition and mortality in all world regions except Europe and Central Asia regions...

Growth and nutrition disorders are common secondary health conditions in children with cerebral palsy (CP)...

..We studied the effect of a low-quality dietary protein on cellular proliferation and maturation in the thymus of growing rats over time...

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..TPN is an equally effective alternative to EN when a risk of malnutrition is present and EN is not tolerated or when gut failure is present...

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..A working knowledge of nutritional screening, assessment, and interventions can assist the practitioner in providing quality care for the older patient...

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..Dietetic input for pediatric patients with medulloblastoma/PNET is essential, and the implementation of enteral feeding in these children can help to reverse their nutritional morbidity...

..We sought to develop a screening version of this instrument, the MNA-SF, that retains good diagnostic accuracy...

..Our data suggest that if nutritional repletion is possible in patients with end-stage liver disease before transplantation, patient outcomes could be improved...

..The paper was approved by the Committee on September 13, 2001, and by the AGA Governing Board on May 18, 2001...

..Oral nutritional supplements are well tolerated by these patients, and help to improve their energy and routine intake and reduce the risk of complications...

..Provided that these patients survive longer than 3 months, there is some evidence that QoL remains stable for some months and acceptable for the patients...

..Malnutrition is frequently found in brain-dead organ donors and nutrients may interfere with different organ functions...

..Leptin regulates T cells responses, polarizing Th cells toward a Th1 phenotype. Low leptin levels occurring during starvation mediate the neuroendocrine and immune dysfunction of starvation...

..4 g aminoacid kg(-1) day(-1))...

..Drug-nutrient interactions are common in elderly individuals, and care providers should be aware of these interactions. Future research should evaluate important clinical end points rather than merely surrogate markers of immunity...

..The real efficacy of these and other nutrients (glutamine, short-chain fatty acids, antioxidants) still need further evaluation through prospective and randomized trials...

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..12; 95% CI, 1.61 to 2.89, P < 0.001). Malnutrition is highly prevalent among ARF patients and increases the likelihood of in-hospital death, complications, and use of health care resources...

..Patients with suboptimal nutritional parameters should be supplemented and replenished before elective surgery...

..Consistent with animal experiments, the findings imply that liver function and nutritional status may affect the metabolism of inorganic arsenic and the development of subsequent skin cancers...

..Nutritional support has become a standard of care for hospitalized patients, but whether total parenteral nutrition (TPN) affects morbidity and mortality is unclear...

..Although the potential stimulation probably has little consequence for patients receiving short-term preoperative nutrition, it may call for further investigation in cancer patients undergoing long-term home TPN...

..It is hoped that a better understanding of factors affecting hepatocyte secretion and bile formation and flow will help to prevent this life-threatening complication of TPN...

..These data demonstrate that malnutrition is an independent predictor of survival in patients with liver cirrhosis. The inclusion of anthropometric measures in the assessment of these patients might provide better prognostic information...

..To examine the relationship between total parenteral nutrition(TPN) and complication and death rates in surgical patients...

..This study describes outcomes of consecutive HPN patients collected retrospectively over a 5-y period by one HPN support provider...

..Promote diet adequacy by suggesting appropriate choices from each food group in the Food Guide Pyramid. Consult with and refer clients to a registered dietitian whenever possible...

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..A new, restorative, comprehensive meal program improved nutritional status and decreased nutritional risk and can possibly impact independence and functionality...

..Nutritional therapy can induce partial or total correction of such deficiencies, improving clinical conditions and prognosis of patients who face the great defiance of liver transplantation...

..81, Sp=0.50). Although Section K items are associated with nutritional risk, Se and Sp analyses suggest that these items and this section require further refinement and validation before use as part of a referral mechanism...

..Interdisciplinary assessment of nutritional risk in the outpatient setting and the formulation of an outpatient nutritional intervention model are also discussed...

..Many older Americans are overweight or obese, but it is unclear whether obesity is associated with other nutritional risk indicators...

..To determine dietary intake and eating patterns of older persons in Israel and to identify factors associated with low intake...

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..Two solutions were implemented in 2000: computerization of the nutrition screening and nutrition support process and synchronizing this with the whole nutrition support program...

..However, it is unclear whether functional and nutritional status are independent risk factors of mortality...

..CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that peripheral parenteral nutrition can be safely administered in post-acute settings with a low rate of complications...

..The aim of this study was to determine the energy and nutrient content of the served food, the actual energy and nutrient intake and the nutritional status of elderly residents in a nursing home...

..Nurses should be able to assess the risk of poor nutrition in patients with wounds and have a role in ensuring adequate nutrition through the normal diet or supplementation where necessary...

..01). Nutrition professionals should have a multidisciplinary perspective when they assess older adults' nutritional status...

..Given the UK's ageing population, undernutrition in older people is a significant public health issue as well as one that should concern all health professionals involved in individual or group contacts with elderly clients...

..CONCLUSION: Usual dietary intakes were found to be relatively adequate in terms of their energy and protein contents. However, high prevalences of inadequate intakes were estimated, particularly for iron, zinc and calcium...

..This study assessed the nutritional status of the elderly and their functional ability because poor nutritional status in the elderly is associated with poor functional ability...

..We found a strong correlation between MUAC and CC with weight and BMI, suggesting that MUAC and CC can be used to estimate BMI and detect nutritional disorders...

..We assessed which factors contribute to the high level of nutritional risk detected by the Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA) test in institutionalized older women. To this end, we undertook a complete nutritional assessment...

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..The study was conducted to gain an understanding of the status of potential nutrition risks in >53-year-old men and women in Taiwan...

..Special attention should be given to patients who had mild malnutrition on admission since this population of patients seem to be at higher risk of adverse effect of hospitalization...

..Knowledge of nutrition's effect in the acute and critically ill patient is integral for nursing to predict and promote outcomes successfully in the critical care setting...

..To identify predictors and consequences of nutritional risk, as determined by the Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA), in older recipients of domiciliary care services living at home...

..In this population, the Mini Nutritional Assessment showed to be specially efficient for the detection of nutritional risk...

..The nutritional status of older persons suffering from various medical or surgical conditions has been well reported. However, studies focusing on hematology patients are very rare...

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..African American females living in urban areas with limited access to health care are most vulnerable...

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..Accordingly, 'nutrition screening tools' have been devised to ensure that all patients are assessed by nurses and, where appropriate, referred to dieticians. The tool adopted in our hospital was the 'Nursing Nutritional Screening Tool'...

..To describe the dietary intake of free-living, non-institutionalised, elderly people of Palma de Mallorca, and to evaluate their nutritional status and risk of undernutrition...

..In addition, possible effects of gender, malnutrition, inflammation, and previous prednisolone therapy were investigated...

..Some chronic diseases have been associated to an impairment of nutritional status...

..On the other hand, 73% of those considered at nutritional risk, had a normal or excessive weight. CONCLUSIONS: Mini nutritional assessment did not identify elders at nutritional risk in this sample...

..A short screening version (MNA-SF) has been developed, which, if positive, indicates the need to complete the full MNA. It takes less than 4 minutes to administer the MNA-SF and between 10 and 15 minutes for the full MNA...

..It should be included in the geriatric assessment and is proposed in the minimum data set for nutritional interventions...

..CONCLUSION: The Ayrshire NST is a reliable and valid tool which can be used by qualified Nursing staff to assist in screening elderly patients at high risk of poor nutritional status...

..To determine the oral status of elderly residents in nursing homes (NH) and long term care wards (LT) and to describe associations between oral status and nutritional status among institutionalized elderly residents...

..The development of the CNS maintained the underlying assumptions and concept of the MNA but modified them for a country with diverse food and cultural habits and health care settings...

..CONCLUSIONS: MOW programs improve dietary intakes of recipients. However, a more intensive intervention is needed to prevent nutrient deficiencies in this group...

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..CONCLUSION: These data suggest that SGA provides a useful means of assessing nutritional status and is helpful in identifying patients with increased risk of morbidity and mortality in the setting of CRI...

..This national investigation of older Australians was conducted to explore the relationship between their health, lifestyle, use of dietary supplements and nutritional risk...

..This was observed most frequently in elderly people with a low income. In this group an inadequate intake of micronutrients is likely to be caused by a low energy intake...

..To conduct a needs assessment of all aspects of food provision in a residential home and to evaluate a subsequent nutrition intervention...

..CONCLUSIONS: Interventions must have adequate targeting; address appropriate responses at the household, community, and national levels; and reduce stunting, obesity, and iron-deficiency anemia...

..Patient-related aspects and the system of food provision also contributed, but only to a small degree. CONCLUSIONS: These findings form the basis of the strategy to improve nutritional care in these hospitals...

..The impact of reduction pneumoplasty on body weight and nutritional status has not previously been tested in a controlled study...

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..The purpose of the present study was to examine the nutritional, functional and psychosocial correlates of disability among 54 older adults aged 65 years of age or older...

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..Finally, the metabolic and nutritional care of the liver transplant donor must be considered to reduce allograft dysfunction indices...

..Nurses' increased knowledge about dementia, assessment of nutritional needs, and personal capabilities can improve patients' experiences and outcomes. Excess dependency and emotional aspects of food refusal are also discussed...

..Finally, a proposed sample layout for the nutritional interpretation of routinely available biochemical and basic physical data is presented...

..Weight gain during posttransplant period as compared to maintenance dialysis is marked and common; thus the prevalence of obesity is also quite common and reaches 40% of tested patients...

..An education program addressing staff relationships and nutrition training of nursing assistants could improve the ability of nursing staff to ensure residents' food intake and improve the quality of life for residents in nursing homes...

..Unless sex- and ethnicity-specific cut-offs are applied, the use of BMI-as using conventional cut-offs will overestimate the prevalence of underweight in these populations. SPONSORSHIP: HelpAge International...

..98 and 102.16 kilogram/metre2, respectively. All this information supports the benefit of using Mindex and Demiquet as alternatives to body mass index for nutritional assessment in older Asian people, especially for the malnourished ones...

..The LHA is important in receiving sensory signals from the gut and liver, and in sensing glucose, and orexin neurones may be involved in stimulating feeding in response to falls in plasma glucose...

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..Beta blockers, potassium supplements, and implantable defibrillators have been used for treatment of long QT syndrome. Identifying the specific gene mutation in a given patient with long QT syndrome can help guide prophylactic therapy...

..The prominent neuromuscular manifestations shown by this patient serve as a reminder that rickets should be considered in the differential diagnosis of motor delay. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED)..

..As they say in baseball, it is time at long last for the professionals "to step up to the plate."..

..Paneth cell granules in human small intestine may be depleted in response to infective and nutritional stress. We postulate that this is one mechanism through which zinc status influences host susceptibility to intestinal infection...

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..Ultimately, this genetic resource can also be used to search for loci linked to specific aspects of phenotype using linked clones spanning the genome. ..

..Specifically, it will allow us to hire an additional postdoctoral fellow and an additional graduate student. ..

..There is a need for physician scientists. Providing a meaningful research experience in the early years of training may be our best hope. The proposed program is designed to answer this need ..

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..Postdoctoral graduates will be prepared to compete for independent funding and entry-level faculty positions in academic medicine ..

..The REAP-TP will enrich the research background of medical students and will allow them to experience research first-hand in laboratories where outstanding faculty brings the excitement of scientific inquiry to life. ..

..A central issue is determining modifiable environment factors that may reduce ethnic and socioeconomic differentials in health status. ..

..Finally, we will compare results across countries to determine whether there is a consistent pattern or structure of relationships across countries at different levels of development. ..

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..If successful, the experimental intervention could be readily implemented as a community-based program by AIDS Service Organizations, health centers, and community-based Internet access providers. ..

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..The candidate will benefit from working with the multidisciplinary CF research team at the Madison CF center as well as from participation in the active and vigorous research community at UW-Madison. ..

..All data will be entered into Epi Info and will be analyzed using standard PC-based data analysis packages, including SAS and SPSS. ..

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..This approach equips the trainees with the capacity to move independently and successfully into academic careers. ..

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