calcinosis

..The aim of this study was to determine the correlation in CKD patients between CAC measured by EBCT and 50% stenosis determined by coronary angiography (CA), the gold standard to identify atherosclerotic lesions...

..These results indicate that ECM calcification must be actively inhibited in soft tissues. To our knowledge, Mgp is the first inhibitor of calcification of arteries and cartilage to be characterized in vivo...

..Through greater understanding of both the mechanism and clinical consequences of vascular calcification, future therapeutic strategies may be more effectively designed and applied...

..The expression pattern of both OPG and OPGL during atherogenesis might suggest a regulatory role of these proteins not only in osteoclastogenesis but also in atherosclerotic calcification...

..Visualizing early changes in valvular cell functions in vivo may predict the future risk and identify therapeutic targets for prevention of aortic valve stenosis...

..This study was designed to evaluate whether the absence of coronary calcium could rule out >or=50% coronary stenosis or the need for revascularization...

..These results suggest that a higher burden of CAC is unlikely to explain the association between mild to moderate kidney dysfunction and cardiovascular mortality...

..Upregulation of BMP2 may represent a feedback upregulation in response to increase in MGP. The effect of ox-LDL appears to be mediated by LOX-1 activation...

..Whether or not vascular calcification can be reversed is not yet known, but exciting new studies suggest that this may be possible in the future...

..Because the risk of coronary heart disease is increased even at moderate declines in kidney function, we sought to test whether high CAC scores are seen among those with mild reductions in kidney function...

..The mechanisms responsible for arterial calcification include alterations of mineral metabolism and expression of mineral-regulating proteins...

..Further understanding of processes governing vascular calcification may yield new therapeutic options for vascular disease...

..These data implicate the endothelium in regulating valvular calcification and suggest that spatial heterogeneity of valvular endothelial phenotypes may contribute to the focal susceptibility for lesion development...

..It is the hope that this usage might be of value to the larger community of scientists working in this field, and that widespread adoption of a common nomenclature would accelerate progress in the prevention of acute coronary events...

..if age and/or age-dependent variations in the levels of two major calcification regulatory proteins, fetuin-A and osteopontin, could be associated with an increased risk of calcinosis in children with juvenile dermatomyositis (JDM).

..Whether less severe kidney dysfunction is associated with AVC and MAC is uncertain...

..We conclude that RANKL increases vascular smooth muscle cell calcification by binding to RANK and increasing BMP4 production through activation of the alternative NF-kappaB pathway...

..The increased odds for CAC may in part result from higher levels of inflammation and endothelial activation in these patients...

..Understanding of the mechanisms and signalling pathways involved in this particular phenotype change is well advanced offering the possibility for the design of successful therapeutic interventions in the future...

..034). We conclude that women with PCOS are at increased risk of MCS and demonstrate increased CAC and AC compared with controls. Components of MCS mediate the association between PCOS and CAC, independently of obesity...

..We related validated parental premature CVD with the subclinical measures of coronary artery (CAC) and abdominal aortic (AAC) calcification in the community...

To evaluate the effect of minocycline as treatment for cutaneous calcinosis in limited cutaneous systemic sclerosis (lcSSc).

..The study objective was to assess longitudinal relationships among CAC, kidney function, and traditional and putative cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors...

..Multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) measured arterial calcium score (CS) reflecting underlying atherosclerosis and is closely associated with cardiovascular events...

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..In a computed tomographic (CT) angiography study, we identified the characteristics of atherosclerotic lesions that were associated with subsequent development of acute coronary syndrome (ACS)...

..To perform a systematic review on the prevalence of incidental findings in computed tomographic (CT) screening studies of the chest...

..The aim of this study was to describe autoantibodies to a 140-kd protein in children recruited to the Juvenile DM National Registry and Repository for UK and Ireland...

..In addition, the roles of oxidative stress and inflammation on the fate of smooth muscle vascular cells and their function deserve further translational investigation...

..Therefore, this meta-analysis was performed with extensive subgroup analysis to assess the overall cardiovascular risk of finding calcification in any arterial wall or cardiac valve when using different imaging techniques...

..We sought to study the prognostic utility of coronary artery calcium (CAC) in the elderly...

..Taken together, these results suggest that leptin regulates the osteoblastic differentiation and calcification of vascular cells and that the artery wall may be an important peripheral tissue target of leptin action...

Familial tumoral calcinosis (TC, OMIM 211900) is a heritable disorder characterized by hyperphosphatemia, normal or elevated serum 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D, and often severe ectopic calcifications...

..USA) was introduced in Europe as an alternative to conventional biological valves. This is the first report of the rapid failure of these new grafts in a small series...

..0001 for both), and 1.6 for having diabetes (P=.016). CONCLUSION: The CAC score can be derived from ungated low-dose MDCT images. This information can contribute to risk stratification and management of coronary artery disease...

..In conclusion, ruptured plaques are associated with a larger number of calcium deposits within an arc of <90 degrees , a larger number of deep calcium deposits, and a remodeling index...

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..Arterial calcification is associated with cardiovascular events; however, mechanisms of calcification in atherosclerosis remain obscure...

..In addition, the relation between calcium score and MSCT findings was explored...

..Current evidence indicates that modification of atherosclerotic risk factors will slow the progression of aortic valve calcification, and valve risk factors should be addressed in all patients who have aortic valve calcification...

..Because tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), a pleiotropic cytokine found in atherosclerotic lesions, is also a regulator of bone formation, we investigated the role of TNF-alpha in in vitro vascular calcification...

BACKGROUND: Calcinosis, or dystrophic soft-tissue calcification, occurs in damaged or devitalized tissues in the presence of normal calcium/phosphorus metabolism...

Massive periarticular calcinosis of the soft tissues is a unique but not rare radiographic finding. On the contrary, tumoral calcinosis is a rare familial disease...

..Here, we used genetically modified mice and molecular imaging to test the hypothesis in vivo that cathepsin S (catS), a potent elastolytic proteinase, accelerates calcification in atherosclerotic mice with CRD induced by 5/6 nephrectomy...

..In addition, we assessed which biomarkers of adiposity and insulin resistance are the strongest predictors of CAC beyond traditional risk factors, metabolic syndrome, and plasma C-reactive protein (CRP)...

..CONCLUSION: The prevalence and severity of coronary calcification is increased in patients with established RA and is related, in part, to smoking and an increased erythrocyte sedimentation rate...

..Correlations with cardiovascular disease risk factors and vascular calcification in a community-based sample are lacking. We sought to examine associations between pericardial fat, metabolic risk factors, and vascular calcification...

..TNF-alpha has been identified in high levels in JDM patients who have a long disease course and calcinosis. We assessed the response of five refractory JDM patients to the anti-TNF-alpha monoclonal antibody, infliximab.

..Low serum adiponectin levels were reported to be associated with coronary artery disease and future incidence of acute coronary syndrome (ACS). The impact of adiponectin on lesion composition still remains to be determined...

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..However, the incremental predictive value of vascular calcification, beyond traditional coronary risk factors, is not clearly established...

..These findings need to be confirmed in study populations that include adults >65 yr of age and a larger number of CKD cases...

..Therefore, we examined gene expression in vessels with MS to determine whether there was evidence for a regulated calcification process in the vessel media...

..These findings show that CAC is associated with an increased risk of CHD events in asymptomatic women and men...

..Our results suggest that TG2 release in injured arteries is critical for programming chondro-osseous SMC differentiation and calcification in response to increased P(i) and bone morphogenetic protein-2...

..We hypothesized that the mechanism for aortic valve calcification is similar to skeletal bone formation and that this process is mediated by an osteoblast-like phenotype...

..This suggests protective mechanisms, or naturally occurring inhibitors, of calcification may be important...

..Taken together, our data demonstrate a critical role of Ahsg as an inhibitor of unwanted mineralization and provide a novel therapeutic concept to prevent ectopic calcification accompanying various diseases...

..The importance of standardization of coronary artery calcium measurements by multi-detector CT is discussed...

..The aim of this study was to assess the impact of heart rate, heart rate variability and calcification on image quality and diagnostic accuracy in an unselected patient collective...

..The goal of this research was to define the cellular mechanisms involved in myxomatous mitral valve disease and calcific aortic valve disease and to redefine the term degenerative valve disease in terms of an active cellular biology...

..For patients aged less than 45 years, a CT calcium score greater than o is abnormal and requires additional cardiac evaluation...

..0001). In summary, CAPs of the coronary, carotid, and abdominal aortic arteries generally share common risk factors, even though several of these factors have a greater impact on CAP in one vascular bed than another...

..To assess the effect of intravascular enhancement, heart rate, and calcium score on diagnostic accuracy in the detection of significant coronary artery stenosis using 16-row multislice computed tomography (MSCT)...

..The diagnostic accuracy of nuclear stress testing and electron beam tomography (EBT) was evaluated to differentiate between nonischemic and ischemic CM, using coronary angiography as the reference standard...

..We sought to evaluate the progression of atherosclerosis in asymptomatic persons with type 2 diabetes and measure the influence of statin therapy on CAC progression...

..1 false positives per scan. A calcium score was computed for each scan and subjects were assigned one of four risk categories based on this score. The method assigned the correct risk category to 93.4% of all scans...

..If proven successful, these imaging tools may allow a reduction in size and duration of clinical trials with a substantial cost benefit for society...

..We tested whether the reduction in HF-HRV to a psychological stressor relative to a baseline level is also associated with subclinical coronary or aortic atherosclerosis, as assessed by calcification in these vascular regions...

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..We tested the hypothesis that low positive and high negative affect and cognitions would be related to risk for coronary and aortic calcification in healthy women...

..To evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of 16-detector row computed tomography (CT) in assessing haemodynamically significant coronary artery stenoses in patients under evaluation for aortic stenosis pre-aortic valve replacement...

..52; p = 0.04). CONCLUSION: In PD patients, CAC is highly prevalent. Our results indicate that conditions such as inflammation and mineral disturbances are associated with its development...

..We evaluated the diagnostic accuracy of MDCT-CA in detecting high-grade (> or =50%) stenoses in the main coronary arteries in patients with AS...

..We conclude that greater diameter of the brachial artery and lower vasodilator response to nitroglycerine, but not FMD, are associated with subclinical coronary atherosclerosis...

..In this study, we sought to determine the rate of new calcifications in patients initially presenting with a zero initial score on electron beam tomography (EBT)...

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..In this paper, salient issues to facilitate research in this important field are reviewed...

..These methodologies may prove very useful for in-office imaging to guide further therapeutic choices in hemodialysis patients...

..Serial measures of CAC quantify progression of calcified coronary artery plaque. Little is known about the role of genetic factors in progression of CAC quantity...

..The aim of this study was to determine whether atherosclerotic calcification in multiple vascular areas is significantly associated with aortic or mitral annular calcification independent of traditional risk factors...

..9+/-904.8 vs. 150.4+/-350.9, p < 0.01). EBCT seemed to be a good diagnostic tool for evaluating the risk of coronary-artery disease ''noninvasively'' in CRF patients who are at increased risk of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality...

..Correlation between aortic pulse wave velocity (PWV) and CAC score was also evaluated...

..Age is assigned a heavy weight in the calculation of the total cardiovascular risk score but often the atherosclerotic disease burden varies from a patient's chronological age...

..This review analyzes the relationship between coronary artery calcifications, breast arterial calcifications and the increased risk of subsequent cardiovascular events...

..These relationships are independent of traditional CVD risk factors...

..Physician awareness of this technology and its appropriate uses and limitations is crucial to appropriate use...

..The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of sevelamer hydrochloride on the progression of aortic calcification in haemodialysis (HD) patients...

..Women with lower premenopausal risk factors did not develop high levels of subclinical atherosclerosis, suggesting that atherosclerosis is a preventable disease in women...

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..Exclusion of any calcium was highly accurate in ruling out obstructive disease in symptomatic subjects >/=50 years of age...

..To compare coronary artery calcium scores from a multi-detector row helical computed tomographic (CT) scanner with those from an electron-beam CT scanner, with emphasis on subjects with calcium scores less than 400...

..Despite this difference and in the absence of any direct evidence in uremic patients, it is generally implied that coronary artery calcification equates to occlusive atherosclerosis...

..CONCLUSION: These data support the hypothesis that high CACS can modify predicted risk obtained from FRS alone, especially among patients in the intermediate-risk category in whom clinical decision making is most uncertain...

..This review deals with the utilization of electron beam tomography for detection of coronary artery calcification as an additional tool available for use by preventive cardiologists and internists...

..In addition, it is still unclear, at what stage of the disease process, which of the available imaging tools will provide optimal diagnostic and prognostic value for the individual patient...

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..This grant proposal is investigating new chemical fixatives that would improve functional life-time of these valves so that the valve could outlast the patient. ..

..This grant proposal is investigating new chemical fixatives that would improve functional life-time of these valves so that the valve could outlast the patient. ..

..hypophosphatemia (XLH), autosomal dominant and recessive hypophospatemic rickets (ADHR, ARHR), familial tumoral calcinosis (FTC), and chronic kidney disease (CKD)...

..The in vitro studies will include elastin conformational studies with FT-IR, NMR and circular dichroism spectroscopies, study of elastin-MMP interactions by surface plasmon resonance analysis and elastolysis experiments with MMPS. ..

..that mutations in the gene encoding GalNAc transferase 3 (GALNT3) cause familial hyperphosphatemic tumoral calcinosis (TC) by increasing degradation of FGF23;6) created an animal model of TC, the Galnt3 knockout mouse, and defined ..

..associated with elevated FGF23, as well as determined that the mirror-image disorder to ADHR, familial tumoral calcinosis (TC), is caused by recessive FGF23 loss of function mutations...

..associated with elevated FGF23, as well as determined that the mirror-image disorder to ADHR, familial tumoral calcinosis (TC), is caused by recessive FGF23 loss of function mutations...

..associated with elevated FGF23, as well as determined that the mirror-image disorder to ADHR, familial tumoral calcinosis (TC), is caused by recessive FGF23 loss of function mutations...

..Furthermore, we will evaluate the biostability of GAGs and resistance to calcification of BHVs of optimally stabilized valvular tissues by in vivo rat subdermal implantation model. ..

..XLH), oncogenic osteomalacia (OOM), autosomal dominant hypophosphatemic rickets (ADHR), familial tumor calcinosis (FTC) and chronic renal diseases...

..XLH), oncogenic osteomalacia (OOM), autosomal dominant hypophosphatemic rickets (ADHR), familial tumor calcinosis (FTC) and chronic renal diseases...

..XLH), oncogenic osteomalacia (OOM), autosomal dominant hypophosphatemic rickets (ADHR), familial tumor calcinosis (FTC) and chronic renal diseases...

..XLH), oncogenic osteomalacia (OOM), autosomal dominant hypophosphatemic rickets (ADHR), familial tumor calcinosis (FTC) and chronic renal diseases...

..autosomal dominant hypophosphatemic rickets (ADHR) and loss-of-function mutations in a form of familial tumoral calcinosis (FTC-2), and 3) GALNT3, an enzyme important for the initiation of O-linked glycosylation, for which loss-of-..

..and defective skeletal mineralization in wide range of diseases including rickets/osteomalacia, tumoral calcinosis and chronic renal failure, by developing novel therapies and fine tuning of the existing therapeutic modalities ..

..and defective skeletal mineralization in wide range of diseases including rickets/osteomalacia, tumoral calcinosis and chronic renal failure, by developing novel therapies and fine tuning of the existing therapeutic modalities

..and defective skeletal mineralization in wide range of diseases including rickets/osteomalacia, tumoral calcinosis and chronic renal failure, by developing novel therapies and fine tuning of the existing therapeutic modalities ..

..We propose to characterize the molecular genetics of a rare autosomal recessive disorder, familial tumoral calcinosis (FTC), to identify new key players responsible for periarticular calcium and phosphate homeostasis...

..Completion of these studies will link alterations in VSMC PPi metabolism with modulation of oxidant stress and chemokine responses pertinent to pathologic calcification in both degenerative disorders and atherosclerosis. ..

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..These studies, Dr. Moe, and the strong clinical research support at Indiana Unviersity provide an excellent training environment for the development of future investigators in patient oriented research. ..

..Both of these problems may be linked. The purpose of this study is to determine if a commonly used group of drugs, bisphosphonates, may help both bone and heart/blood vessel disease and determine the mechanism the drugs work. ..

..Finally, the overrepresentation of ethnic minority groups in MESA will allow for testing of interactions with ethnicity. We are unaware of any other population-based study adequate to study the stated aims. ..

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..The results will establish a new paradigm for vascular calcification in renal failure and form the basis for important clinical trials in humans. ..

..We are unaware of any other population-based study that is as comprehensive as this to study the stated aims. ..

..The results will establish a new paradigm for vascular calcification in renal failure and form the basis for important clinical trials in humans. ..

..Finally, the overrepresentation of ethnic minority groups in MESA will allow for testing of interactions with ethnicity. We are unaware of any other population-based study adequate to study the stated aims. ..

..The objectives of this proposal are to determine if the Lrp5 receptor is critical in activation of mineralization in aortic valve calcification. ..

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..Understanding how endothelial cells deal with mechanical stress will provide important insight into vascular diseases associated with endothelial injury such as atherosclerosis...

..We are unaware of any other population-based study that is as comprehensive as this to study the stated aims. ..

..The objectives of this proposal are to determine if the Lrp5 receptor is critical in activation of mineralization in aortic valve calcification. ..

..If hypercholesterolemia stimulates the development of calcification in the aortic valve then the use of medical therapy such as HMG CoA reductase medications may have a role in the medical therapy of calcific aortic stenosis. ..

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..The research has the potential of understanding the basis of adolescent health disparities. ..

..With SWAN III, many of the original goals of SWAN will be brought to fruition. We will build upon the rich foundation developed during SWAN I and II and link these data to important menopause-related and health outcomes in SWAN III. ..

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..Correlations with hormone levels and biochemical markers of bone turnover will also be made...

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..This is the first attempt to see if these newer risk markers can explain ethnic differences in PAD. Thus, this application is highly innovative and addresses original hypotheses. ..

..The ultimate goal is to develop ways of reporting on successful cell transplantation without removing any tissue, and to provide neurologists with a means to evaluate stem cell treatment in their patients. ..

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