Research Topics
Genomes and Genes
| neoplasmsSummarySummary: New abnormal growth of tissue. Malignant neoplasms show a greater degree of anaplasia and have the properties of invasion and metastasis, compared to benign neoplasms. Top Publications
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Publications
The hallmarks of cancerD Hanahan
Department of Biochemistry, Hormone Research Institute, University of California at San Francisco, 94143, USA
Cell 100:57-70. 2000- MicroRNA expression profiles classify human cancersJun Lu
Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02141, USA
Nature 435:834-8. 2005..These findings highlight the potential of miRNA profiling in cancer diagnosis... 
Understanding the Warburg effect: the metabolic requirements of cell proliferationMatthew G Vander Heiden
Department of Medical Oncology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02115, USA
Science 324:1029-33. 2009..A better understanding of the mechanistic links between cellular metabolism and growth control may ultimately lead to better treatments for human cancer...- Inflammation and cancerLisa M Coussens
Cancer Research Institute, Department of Pathology, University of California, San Francisco, California 94143, USA
Nature 420:860-7. 2002..These insights are fostering new anti-inflammatory therapeutic approaches to cancer development... - A microRNA expression signature of human solid tumors defines cancer gene targetsStefano Volinia
Department of Molecular Virology, Immunology, and Medical Genetics and Cancer Comprehensive Center, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 103:2257-61. 2006..Our results indicate that miRNAs are extensively involved in cancer pathogenesis of solid tumors and support their function as either dominant or recessive cancer genes... - The epigenomics of cancerPeter A Jones
Department of Urology, Biochemistry, and Molecular Biology, USC Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
Cell 128:683-92. 2007.... - MicroRNA signatures in human cancersGeorge A Calin
Department of Molecular Virology, Immunology and Medical Genetics and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
Nat Rev Cancer 6:857-66. 2006..In addition, profiling has been exploited to identify miRNA genes that might represent downstream targets of activated oncogenic pathways, or that target protein-coding genes involved in cancer... - Global cancer statistics, 2002D Max Parkin
Unit of Descriptive Epidemiology, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
CA Cancer J Clin 55:74-108. 2005..Most of the international variation is due to exposure to known or suspected risk factors related to lifestyle or environment, and provides a clear challenge to prevention... - New guidelines to evaluate the response to treatment in solid tumors. European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer, National Cancer Institute of the United States, National Cancer Institute of CanadaP Therasse
European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer, Brussels, Belgium
J Natl Cancer Inst 92:205-16. 2000..Methods of assessing tumor lesions are better codified, briefly within the guidelines and in more detail in Appendix I. All other aspects of response evaluation have been discussed, reviewed, and amended whenever appropriate... 
Cancer-related inflammationAlberto Mantovani
Istituto Clinico Humanitas IRCCS, Via Manzoni 56, Rozzano, 20089 Milan, Italy
Nature 454:436-44. 2008..The molecular pathways of this cancer-related inflammation are now being unravelled, resulting in the identification of new target molecules that could lead to improved diagnosis and treatment...- Stem cells, cancer, and cancer stem cellsT Reya
Departments of Pathology and Developmental Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, California 94305, USA
Nature 414:105-11. 2001.... - Epigenetics in cancerManel Esteller
Cancer Epigenetics Laboratory, Spanish National Cancer Research Center, Madrid, Spain
N Engl J Med 358:1148-59. 2008 - A census of human cancer genesP Andrew Futreal
Cancer Genome Project, Human Genome Analysis Group and Pfam Group, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton Cambs, CB10 1SA, UK
Nat Rev Cancer 4:177-83. 2004 - Mutations of the BRAF gene in human cancerHelen Davies
Cancer Genome Project, The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, CB10 1SA, UK
Nature 417:949-54. 2002..As BRAF is a serine/threonine kinase that is commonly activated by somatic point mutation in human cancer, it may provide new therapeutic opportunities in malignant melanoma... - Myeloid-derived suppressor cells as regulators of the immune systemDmitry I Gabrilovich
Department of Oncologic Sciences, H Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida 33612, USA
Nat Rev Immunol 9:162-74. 2009..In this Review, we discuss the origin, mechanisms of expansion and suppressive functions of MDSCs, as well as the potential to target these cells for therapeutic benefit... - Epithelial-mesenchymal transitions in tumour progressionJean Paul Thiery
, 144 Institut Curie, 26 rue d'Ulm, 75248 Paris Cedex 05, France
Nat Rev Cancer 2:442-54. 2002 - Snail, Zeb and bHLH factors in tumour progression: an alliance against the epithelial phenotype?Hector Peinado
Departamento de Bioquimica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autonoma de Madrid UAM, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomedicas Alberto Sols CSIC UAM, Arturo Duperier 4, 28029 Madrid, Spain
Nat Rev Cancer 7:415-28. 2007.... - Human microRNA genes are frequently located at fragile sites and genomic regions involved in cancersGeorge Adrian Calin
Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Biostatistics Section, Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 101:2999-3004. 2004..These data provide a catalog of miR genes that may have roles in cancer and argue that the full complement of miRs in a genome may be extensively involved in cancers... - The landscape of somatic copy-number alteration across human cancersRameen Beroukhim
Cancer Program and Medical and Population Genetics Group, The Broad Institute of M I T and Harvard, 7 Cambridge Center
Nature 463:899-905. 2010..Finally, we demonstrate that a large majority of SCNAs identified in individual cancer types are present in several cancer types... - Normalization of tumor vasculature: an emerging concept in antiangiogenic therapyRakesh K Jain
E L Steele Lab for Tumor Biology, Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, COX 7, 100 Blossom Street, Boston, MA 02114, USA
Science 307:58-62. 2005.... - Complex networks orchestrate epithelial-mesenchymal transitionsJean Paul Thiery
Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique CNRS Unité Mixte Recherche UMR 144 and Institut Curie, 26 Rue d Ulm, 75248 Paris Cedex 05, France
Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 7:131-42. 2006..Understanding how mesenchymal cells arise from an epithelial default status will also have a strong impact in unravelling the mechanisms that control fibrosis and cancer progression... - Angiogenesis in cancer and other diseasesP Carmeliet
The Center for Transgene Technology and Gene Therapy, Flanders Interuniversity Institute for Biotechnology, KU Leuven, Belgium
Nature 407:249-57. 2000..This integrated understanding is leading to the development of a number of exciting and bold approaches to treat cancer and other diseases. But owing to several unanswered questions, caution is needed... - A comprehensive catalogue of somatic mutations from a human cancer genomeErin D Pleasance
Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton CB10 1SA, UK
Nature 463:191-6. 2010..The results illustrate the power of a cancer genome sequence to reveal traces of the DNA damage, repair, mutation and selection processes that were operative years before the cancer became symptomatic... - Inhibition of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase in tumors from BRCA mutation carriersPeter C Fong
Drug Development Unit, Royal Marsden National Health Service Foundation Trust and the Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton, Surrey, United Kingdom
N Engl J Med 361:123-34. 2009..We conducted a clinical evaluation in humans of olaparib (AZD2281), a novel, potent, orally active PARP inhibitor... - Patterns of somatic mutation in human cancer genomesChristopher Greenman
Cancer Genome Project, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SA, UK
Nature 446:153-8. 2007..Systematic sequencing of cancer genomes therefore reveals the evolutionary diversity of cancers and implicates a larger repertoire of cancer genes than previously anticipated... - The protein kinase complement of the human genomeG Manning
SUGEN Inc, 230 East Grand Avenue, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
Science 298:1912-34. 2002..We also identified 106 protein kinase pseudogenes. Chromosomal mapping revealed several small clusters of kinase genes and revealed that 244 kinases map to disease loci or cancer amplicons... - The cancer genomeMichael R Stratton
Cancer Genome Project, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SA, UK
Nature 458:719-24. 2009..These studies will provide us with a detailed and comprehensive perspective on how individual cancers have developed... - Cancer genes and the pathways they controlBert Vogelstein
Howard Hughes Medical Institute and The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Johns Hopkins University Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Maryland 21231, USA
Nat Med 10:789-99. 2004..The purposes of this review are to highlight examples of progress in these areas, indicate where knowledge is scarce and point out fertile grounds for future investigation... - An embryonic stem cell-like gene expression signature in poorly differentiated aggressive human tumorsIttai Ben-Porath
Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, USA
Nat Genet 40:499-507. 2008.... - The phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase AKT pathway in human cancerIgor Vivanco
Department of Medicine and Molecular Biology Institute, UCLA School of Medicine, 11-935 Factor Building, 10833 LeConte Avenue, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
Nat Rev Cancer 2:489-501. 2002 - The phosphoinositide 3-kinase pathwayLewis C Cantley
Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School and Division of Signal Transduction, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA 02115 5713, USA
Science 296:1655-7. 2002..The PI3K pathway is implicated in human diseases including diabetes and cancer, and understanding the intricacies of this pathway may provide new avenues for therapuetic intervention... - Cancer metastasis: building a frameworkGaorav P Gupta
Cancer Biology and Genetics Program, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10021, USA
Cell 127:679-95. 2006..Recent conceptual and technological advances promote our understanding of the origins and nature of cancer metastasis... - The basics of epithelial-mesenchymal transitionRaghu Kalluri
Division of Matrix Biology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, and Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA
J Clin Invest 119:1420-8. 2009..The identification of the signaling pathways that lead to activation of EMT programs during these disease processes is providing new insights into the plasticity of cellular phenotypes and possible therapeutic interventions... - Targeting the DNA repair defect in BRCA mutant cells as a therapeutic strategyHannah Farmer
Cancer Research UK Gene Function and Regulation Group, London, UK
Nature 434:917-21. 2005..These results illustrate how different pathways cooperate to repair damage, and suggest that the targeted inhibition of particular DNA repair pathways may allow the design of specific and less toxic therapies for cancer... - Oncomirs - microRNAs with a role in cancerAurora Esquela-Kerscher
Yale University, Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, 266 Whitney Avenue, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
Nat Rev Cancer 6:259-69. 2006..miRNAs have been shown to repress the expression of important cancer-related genes and might prove useful in the diagnosis and treatment of cancer... - DNA damaging agents and p53 do not cause senescence in quiescent cells, while consecutive re-activation of mTOR is associated with conversion to senescenceOlga V Leontieva
Department of Cell Stress Biology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, BLSC, L3 312, Elm and Carlton Streets, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA
Aging (Albany NY) 2:924-35. 2010..We conclude that induction of p53 does not activate the senescence program in quiescent cells. In cells with induced p53, re-activation of mTOR by serum stimulation causes senescence, as an equivalent of cellular growth... - Defining the role of mTOR in cancerDavid A Guertin
Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Biology, Cambridge, MA 02141, USA
Cancer Cell 12:9-22. 2007..We further discuss the use of rapamycin in oncology and conclude with a discussion on the future of mTOR-targeted therapy... - Integrins in cancer: biological implications and therapeutic opportunitiesJay S Desgrosellier
Department of Pathology, Moores University of California at San Diego Cancer Center, La Jolla, 92093 0803, United States
Nat Rev Cancer 10:9-22. 2010..These exciting clinical developments emphasize the need to identify how integrin antagonists influence the tumour and its microenvironment... - BAY 43-9006 exhibits broad spectrum oral antitumor activity and targets the RAF/MEK/ERK pathway and receptor tyrosine kinases involved in tumor progression and angiogenesisScott M Wilhelm
Bayer Pharmaceuticals Corporation, West Haven, Connecticut 06516, USA
Cancer Res 64:7099-109. 2004..These data demonstrate that BAY 43-9006 is a novel dual action RAF kinase and VEGFR inhibitor that targets tumor cell proliferation and tumor angiogenesis... - IDH1 and IDH2 mutations in gliomasHai Yan
Department of Pathology, Pediatric Brain Tumor Foundation Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
N Engl J Med 360:765-73. 2009.... - VEGFR1-positive haematopoietic bone marrow progenitors initiate the pre-metastatic nicheRosandra N Kaplan
Department of Pediatrics and the Children s Blood Foundation Laboratories, Weill Cornell Medical College of Cornell University, New York, New York 10021, USA
Nature 438:820-7. 2005..These findings demonstrate a requirement for VEGFR1+ haematopoietic progenitors in the regulation of metastasis, and suggest that expression patterns of fibronectin and VEGFR1+VLA-4+ clusters dictate organ-specific tumour spread... - Why do cancers have high aerobic glycolysis?Robert A Gatenby
Department of Radiology, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, USA
Nat Rev Cancer 4:891-9. 2004..Subsequent cell populations with upregulated glycolysis and acid resistance have a powerful growth advantage, which promotes unconstrained proliferation and invasion... - Defining the role of hypoxia-inducible factor 1 in cancer biology and therapeuticsG L Semenza
Vascular Program, Institute for Cell Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
Oncogene 29:625-34. 2010.... - The miR-200 family determines the epithelial phenotype of cancer cells by targeting the E-cadherin repressors ZEB1 and ZEB2Sun Mi Park
The Ben May Department for Cancer Research, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
Genes Dev 22:894-907. 2008..Conversely, inhibition of miR-200 reduced E-cadherin expression, increased expression of Vimentin, and induced EMT. Our data identify miR-200 as a powerful marker and determining factor of the epithelial phenotype of cancer cells... - Taking dendritic cells into medicineRalph M Steinman
The Rockefeller University, New York 10065, USA
Nature 449:419-26. 2007..Here we present some medical implications of DC biology that account for illness and provide opportunities for prevention and therapy... - High frequency of mutations of the PIK3CA gene in human cancersYardena Samuels
Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The Johns Hopkins University Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA
Science 304:554. 2004 - Overweight, obesity, and mortality from cancer in a prospectively studied cohort of U.S. adultsEugenia E Calle
Department of Epidemiology and Surveillance Research, American Cancer Society, Atlanta 30329, USA
N Engl J Med 348:1625-38. 2003..The influence of excess body weight on the risk of death from cancer has not been fully characterized... - Reflecting on 25 years with MYCNatalie Meyer
Amgen Canada, Inc Mississauga, Ontario, Canada
Nat Rev Cancer 8:976-90. 2008..Here we chronicle the major advances in our understanding of MYC biology, and peer into the future of MYC research... - Cell cycle, CDKs and cancer: a changing paradigmMarcos Malumbres
Cell Division and Cancer Group, Molecular Oncology Programme, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Oncologicas CNIO, 28029 Madrid, Spain
Nat Rev Cancer 9:153-66. 2009..Emerging evidence suggests that tumour cells may also require specific interphase CDKs for proliferation. Thus, selective CDK inhibition may provide therapeutic benefit against certain human neoplasias... - Antiangiogenic therapy elicits malignant progression of tumors to increased local invasion and distant metastasisMarta Pàez-Ribes
Translational Research Laboratory, Catalan Institute of Oncology, IDIBELL, 08907 L Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
Cancer Cell 15:220-31. 2009.... - The influence of glucose-lowering therapies on cancer risk in type 2 diabetesC J Currie
School of Medicine, Cardiff University, The Pharma Research Centre, Cardiff Medicentre, Cardiff, CF14 4UJ, UK
Diabetologia 52:1766-77. 2009..We examined the risk of development of solid tumours in relation to treatment with oral agents, human insulin and insulin analogues... - Insulin and insulin-like growth factor signalling in neoplasiaMichael Pollak
Department of Oncology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
Nat Rev Cancer 8:915-28. 2008..Recent results are encouraging and have justified the expansion of many translational research programmes... - The M2 splice isoform of pyruvate kinase is important for cancer metabolism and tumour growthHeather R Christofk
Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
Nature 452:230-3. 2008..These results demonstrate that M2 expression is necessary for aerobic glycolysis and that this metabolic phenotype provides a selective growth advantage for tumour cells in vivo... - Multidrug resistance in cancer: role of ATP-dependent transportersMichael M Gottesman
Laboratory of Cell Biology and Cancer Therapeutics Branch, The Center for Cancer Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
Nat Rev Cancer 2:48-58. 2002..Therefore, the ability to predict and circumvent drug resistance is likely to improve chemotherapy... - The fundamental role of epigenetic events in cancerPeter A Jones
USC Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Urology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 1441 Eastlake Avenue, MS 8302L, Los Angeles, California 90089 9181, USA
Nat Rev Genet 3:415-28. 2002..In this review, we discuss these epigenetic events and the molecular alterations that might cause them and/or underlie altered gene expression in cancer... - Macrophage diversity enhances tumor progression and metastasisBin Zhi Qian
Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
Cell 141:39-51. 2010..Specialized subpopulations of macrophages may represent important new therapeutic targets... - DNA methylation and human diseaseKeith D Robertson
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shands Cancer Center, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32610, USA
Nat Rev Genet 6:597-610. 2005..The study of these diseases has provided new and fundamental insights into the roles that DNA methylation and other epigenetic modifications have in development and normal cellular homeostasis... - miR-21: a small multi-faceted RNAAnna M Krichevsky
Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
J Cell Mol Med 13:39-53. 2009.... - PTEN, a putative protein tyrosine phosphatase gene mutated in human brain, breast, and prostate cancerJ Li
Department of Pathology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, 630 West 168 Street, New York, NY 10032, USA
Science 275:1943-7. 1997..These homologies suggest that PTEN may suppress tumor cell growth by antagonizing protein tyrosine kinases and may regulate tumor cell invasion and metastasis through interactions at focal adhesions... - Modes of resistance to anti-angiogenic therapyGabriele Bergers
University of California, San Francisco, Department of Neurological Surgery, Brain Tumour Research Center, San Francisco, California 94143, USA
Nat Rev Cancer 8:592-603. 2008.... - Accumulation of driver and passenger mutations during tumor progressionIvana Bozic
Program for Evolutionary Dynamics, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 107:18545-50. 2010..This selective advantage is surprisingly small--0.004 ± 0.0004--and has major implications for experimental cancer research... - Cancer cell metabolism: Warburg and beyondPeggy P Hsu
Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research and Massachusetts Institute of Technology Department of Biology, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
Cell 134:703-7. 2008..In this Essay, we re-examine the Warburg effect and establish a framework for understanding its contribution to the altered metabolism of cancer cells... - A reciprocal repression between ZEB1 and members of the miR-200 family promotes EMT and invasion in cancer cellsUlrike Burk
Department of Visceral Surgery, University of Freiburg, Hugstetter Strasse 55, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
EMBO Rep 9:582-9. 2008..Alternatively, depending on the environmental trigger, this loop might switch and induce epithelial differentiation, and thus explain the strong intratumorous heterogeneity observed in many human cancers... - The global health burden of infection-associated cancers in the year 2002Donald Maxwell Parkin
Clinical Trials Service Unit and Epidemiological Studies Unit, University of Oxford, Headington, UK
Int J Cancer 118:3030-44. 2006..The attributable fraction at the specific sites varies from 100% of cervix cancers attributable to the papilloma viruses to a tiny proportion (0.4%) of liver cancers (worldwide) caused by liver flukes... - Vascular endothelial growth factor: basic science and clinical progressNapoleone Ferrara
Department of Molecular Oncology, Genentech, Inc, 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
Endocr Rev 25:581-611. 2004..Furthermore, VEGF is implicated in intraocular neovascularization associated with diabetic retinopathy and age-related macular degeneration... - Boveri revisited: chromosomal instability, aneuploidy and tumorigenesisAndrew J Holland
Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research and Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California, 9500 Gilman Drive, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093 0670, USA
Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 10:478-87. 2009..A clearer understanding of the tumour suppressive function of aneuploidy might reveal new avenues for anticancer therapy... - Tumor vascular permeability and the EPR effect in macromolecular therapeutics: a reviewH Maeda
Department of Microbiology, Kumamoto University School of Medicine, Honjo 2 2 1, Kumamoto, Japan
J Control Release 65:271-84. 2000..Tumor-specific vascular physiology is also described... - Restoration of p53 function leads to tumour regression in vivoAndrea Ventura
Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, USA
Nature 445:661-5. 2007..These results support efforts to treat human cancers by way of pharmacological reactivation of p53... - Cancer statistics, 2009Ahmedin Jemal
Cancer Surveillance, Surveillance and Health Policy Research, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, Georgia 30303 1002, USA
CA Cancer J Clin 59:225-49. 2009..Further progress can be accelerated by applying existing cancer control knowledge across all segments of the population and by supporting new discoveries in cancer prevention, early detection, and treatment... - Cellular senescence: when bad things happen to good cellsJudith Campisi
Life Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 8:729-40. 2007.... - Cancer stem cells in solid tumours: accumulating evidence and unresolved questionsJane E Visvader
VBCRC Laboratory, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Victoria 3050, Australia
Nat Rev Cancer 8:755-68. 2008..The clinical relevance of CSCs remains a fundamental issue but preliminary findings indicate that specific targeting may be possible... - Cancer as an evolutionary and ecological processLauren M F Merlo
Cellular and Molecular Oncology Program, The Wistar Institute, 3601 Spruce Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
Nat Rev Cancer 6:924-35. 2006b>Neoplasms are microcosms of evolution. Within a neoplasm, a mosaic of mutant cells compete for space and resources, evade predation by the immune system and can even cooperate to disperse and colonize new organs... - Cancer immunoediting: from immunosurveillance to tumor escapeGavin P Dunn
Department of Pathology and Immunology, Center for Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 South Euclid Avenue, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
Nat Immunol 3:991-8. 2002..In this review, we will summarize the historical and experimental basis of cancer immunoediting and discuss its dual roles in promoting host protection against cancer and facilitating tumor escape from immune destruction... - COSMIC (the Catalogue of Somatic Mutations in Cancer): a resource to investigate acquired mutations in human cancerSimon A Forbes
Cancer Genome Project, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SA, UK
Nucleic Acids Res 38:D652-7. 2010..Graphical views provide easily interpretable summaries of large quantities of data, and export functions can provide precise details of user-selected data... - Caloric restriction delays disease onset and mortality in rhesus monkeysRicki J Colman
Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53715, USA
Science 325:201-4. 2009..Furthermore, CR delayed the onset of age-associated pathologies. Specifically, CR reduced the incidence of diabetes, cancer, cardiovascular disease, and brain atrophy. These data demonstrate that CR slows aging in a primate species... - Cancer stem cells--perspectives on current status and future directions: AACR Workshop on cancer stem cellsMichael F Clarke
Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
Cancer Res 66:9339-44. 2006 - The Wnt signaling pathway in development and diseaseCatriona Y Logan
Department of Developmental Biology, Beckman Center, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
Annu Rev Cell Dev Biol 20:781-810. 2004..The next few years are likely to see novel therapeutic reagents aimed at controlling Wnt signaling in order to alleviate these conditions... - Heterogeneity in cancer: cancer stem cells versus clonal evolutionMark Shackleton
Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Life Sciences Institute, Center for Stem Cell Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
Cell 138:822-9. 2009.... - Targeting PI3K signalling in cancer: opportunities, challenges and limitationsJeffrey A Engelman
Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Boston, Massachusetts 02129, USA
Nat Rev Cancer 9:550-62. 2009..I focus on the advantages and drawbacks of different treatment strategies for targeting this pathway, the cancers that might respond best to these therapies and the challenges and limitations that confront their clinical development... - Signatures of mutation and selection in the cancer genomeGraham R Bignell
Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SA, UK
Nature 463:893-8. 2010..The extensive copy number, genotyping, sequence and expression data available for this large series of publicly available cancer cell lines renders them informative reagents for future studies of cancer biology and drug discovery... - Targeting HIF-1 for cancer therapyGregg L Semenza
McKusick Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21287 3914, USA
Nat Rev Cancer 3:721-32. 2003..In preclinical studies, inhibition of HIF-1 activity has marked effects on tumour growth. Efforts are underway to identify inhibitors of HIF-1 and to test their efficacy as anticancer therapeutics... - A mitochondria-K+ channel axis is suppressed in cancer and its normalization promotes apoptosis and inhibits cancer growthSebastien Bonnet
Pulmonary Hypertension Program and Vascular Biology Group, Department of Physiology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2B7, Canada
Cancer Cell 11:37-51. 2007..Molecular inhibition of PDK2 by siRNA mimics DCA. The mitochondria-NFAT-Kv axis and PDK are important therapeutic targets in cancer; the orally available DCA is a promising selective anticancer agent... - Anthracyclines: molecular advances and pharmacologic developments in antitumor activity and cardiotoxicityGiorgio Minotti
G d Annunzio University School of Medicine, Centro Studi Sull Invecchiamento, Room 412, Via dei Vestini, 66013 Chieti, Italy
Pharmacol Rev 56:185-229. 2004..An overview of these issues confirms that anthracyclines remain "evergreen" drugs with broad clinical indications but have still an improvable therapeutic index... - Novel anticancer targets: revisiting ERBB2 and discovering ERBB3Jose Baselga
Vall d Hebron Institute of Oncology, Vall d Hebron University Hospital, Passeig Vall d Hebron 119 129, Barcelona 08035, Spain
Nat Rev Cancer 9:463-75. 2009..These new therapies include tyrosine kinase inhibitors, antibody-chemotherapy conjugates, heat-shock protein inhibitors and antibodies that interfere with the formation of ERBB2-ERBB3 dimers... - Estimates of the cancer incidence and mortality in Europe in 2006J Ferlay
International Agency for Research on Cancer, 150 cours Albert Thomas, 69372 Lyon Cedex 08, France
Ann Oncol 18:581-92. 2007..Monitoring the evolution of the cancer burden in Europe is of great value. Estimates of the cancer burden in Europe have been published for 2004 and estimates are now being presented for cancer incidence and mortality in Europe for 2006... - New response evaluation criteria in solid tumours: revised RECIST guideline (version 1.1)E A Eisenhauer
National Cancer Institute of Canada Clinical Trials Group, 10 Stuart Street, Queen s University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
Eur J Cancer 45:228-47. 2009..As is detailed in the final paper in this special issue, the use of these promising newer approaches requires appropriate clinical validation studies... - Imaging in the era of molecular oncologyRalph Weissleder
Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, 185 Cambridge Street, CPZN 5206, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA
Nature 452:580-9. 2008.... - Hypoxia signalling in cancer and approaches to enforce tumour regressionJacques Pouyssegur
Institute of Signalling, Developmental Biology and Cancer Research, CNRS UMR 6543, University of Nice, Centre Antoine Lacassagne, 33 Avenue Valombrose, 06189 Nice, France
Nature 441:437-43. 2006..There are new approaches to enforce necrotic cell death and tumour regression by targeting tumour metabolism and pH(i)-control systems... - Cancer and the chemokine networkFran Balkwill
Cancer Research UK Translational Oncology Laboratory, Barts and The London, Queen Mary's Medical School, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
Nat Rev Cancer 4:540-50. 2004 - microRNAs as oncogenes and tumor suppressorsBaohong Zhang
Department of Environmental Toxicology, The Institute of Environmental and Human Health, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409 1163, USA
Dev Biol 302:1-12. 2007..miRNA expression profiles may become useful biomarkers for cancer diagnostics. In addition, miRNA therapy could be a powerful tool for cancer prevention and therapeutics... - Pyruvate kinase type M2 and its role in tumor growth and spreadingSybille Mazurek
Institute of Biochemistry and Endocrinology, Veterinary Faculty, University of Giessen, Frankfurter Strasse 100, 35392 Giessen, Germany
Semin Cancer Biol 15:300-8. 2005..The dimerization is caused by direct interaction of M2-PK with certain oncoproteins. The switch between the tetrameric and dimeric form of M2-PK allows tumor cells to survive in environments with varying oxygen und nutrient supply... - The prioritization of cancer antigens: a national cancer institute pilot project for the acceleration of translational researchMartin A Cheever
Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, USA
Clin Cancer Res 15:5323-37. 2009.... - Gene expression programs in response to hypoxia: cell type specificity and prognostic significance in human cancersJen-Tsan Chi
Department of Biochemistry, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, California, United States of America
PLoS Med 3:e47. 2006..Some of this variation is traceable to variation in expression of the HIF1A gene. A gene-expression signature of the cellular response to hypoxia is associated with a significantly poorer prognosis in breast and ovarian cancer... - Inflammation and cancer: back to Virchow?F Balkwill
ICRF Translational Oncology Laboratory, St Bartholomew s and Royal London School of Medicine and Dentistry, UK
Lancet 357:539-45. 2001..In this article we have provided a rationale for the use of cytokine and chemokine blockade, and further investigation of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, in the chemoprevention and treatment of malignant diseases... - Characterization of microRNA expression levels and their biological correlates in human cancer cell linesArti Gaur
Norris Cotton Cancer Center, Dartmouth Medical School, Lebanon, New Hampshire 03755, USA
Cancer Res 67:2456-68. 2007..These findings call attention to the potential of microRNAs to provide etiologic insights as well as to serve as both diagnostic markers and therapeutic targets for many different tumor types... - Genomic instability--an evolving hallmark of cancerSimona Negrini
Department of Molecular Biology, CH 1205 Geneva, Switzerland
Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 11:220-8. 2010.... - Carbon nanotubes as multifunctional biological transporters and near-infrared agents for selective cancer cell destructionNadine Wong Shi Kam
Department of Chemistry and Laboratory for Advanced Materials, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 102:11600-5. 2005..Thus, the transporting capabilities of carbon nanotubes combined with suitable functionalization chemistry and their intrinsic optical properties can lead to new classes of novel nanomaterials for drug delivery and cancer therapy... - The Connectivity Map: a new tool for biomedical researchJustin Lamb
Broad Institute of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, USA
Nat Rev Cancer 7:54-60. 2007.... - Cannabinoid receptor systems: therapeutic targets for tumour interventionSarah Jones
Molecular Pharmacology Group, Biomedical Sciences Division, School of Applied Sciences, University of Wolverhampton, Wulfruna Street, WV1 1SB, UK
Expert Opin Ther Targets 7:749-58. 2003..Thus, this review also summarises the demonstrated antitumour actions of cannabinoids and indicates possible avenues for the future development of cannabinoids as antitumour agents... - Molecular targets and anticancer potential of indole-3-carbinol and its derivativesBharat B Aggarwal
Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas M D Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
Cell Cycle 4:1201-15. 2005..Numerous studies have indicated that I3C also has a strong hepatoprotective activity against various carcinogens. Initial clinical trials in women have shown that I3C is a promising agent against breast and cervical cancers... - Therapeutic potential of target of rapamycin inhibitorsJohn B Easton
St Jude Childrens Research Hospital, Department of Molecular Pharmacology, 332 N Lauderdale Street, Memphis, TN 38105 2794, USA
Expert Opin Ther Targets 8:551-64. 2004....
Research Grants
- GENES CONTROLLING NEOPLASIA OF THE INTESTINAL EPITHELIUMWilliam Dove; Fiscal Year: 2007..Over the coming years, we aim to deepen our studies of early and late intestinal neoplasms by seeking molecular markers expressed within tumors and in the serum of tumor-bearing animals...
- Targeting EWS/FLI1-driven pathways to improve therapeutic gains in Ewing's SarcomVicente Notario; Fiscal Year: 2010Tumors of the Ewing's sarcoma family (ESFT) are solid, highly malignant neoplasms of the bone and soft tissues that most often affect children and adolescents, being the second most common bone malignancies among young adults...
- Targeting EWS/FLI1-driven pathways to improve therapeutic gains in Ewing's SarcomVicente Notario; Fiscal Year: 2009Tumors of the Ewing's sarcoma family (ESFT) are solid, highly malignant neoplasms of the bone and soft tissues that most often affect children and adolescents, being the second most common bone malignancies among young adults...
- HISTOMETRIC ANALYSIS OF PREMALIGNANT ENDOMETRIAL LESIONSFrancisco Garcia; Fiscal Year: 2003..It accounts for about 36,000 cases of invasive cancer each year and is among the top five neoplasms affecting women...
- ENDOGENOUS MODULATION OF COCHLEA INJURYLeonard Rybak; Fiscal Year: 2006Cisplatin is a potent chemotherapeutic agent widely used to treat patients with a variety of malignant neoplasms. Severe side effects including nephrotoxicity, neurotoxicity and ototoxicity limit doses that can be used...
- Pax8-PPARgamma regulation of transcription and metabolism in thyroid cancerRONALD JAY KOENIG; Fiscal Year: 2010..Gene expression profiling of PPFP thyroid cancers (compared to all other benign and malignant thyroid neoplasms) resulted in the identification of a PPFP cancer gene signature...
- DIET, GENETIC SUSCEPTIBILITY AND COLORECTAL ADENOMASLoic Le Marchand; Fiscal Year: 2000..these foods, is determined by several polymorphic genes; thus, these genes may increase the risk of colorectal neoplasms. The susceptible phenotypes for most of these genes are several times more common in Japanese than Caucasians, ..
- PHEOCHROMOCYTOMAS FROM NEUROFIBROMATOSIS KNOCKOUT MICEArthur Tischler; Fiscal Year: 2003..Pheochromocytomas are developmentally related to neuroblastomas, which are common adrenal medullary neoplasms, and pheochromocytoma cells can undergo neuronal differentiation...
- Microarray analysis of thyroid neoplasmMartha Zeiger; Fiscal Year: 2004..Because the surgical management for benign and malignant thyroid neoplasms differ, patients with suspicious FNAs may be treated in a less than ideal fashion surgically...
- Modeling Neoplastic Progression in Barrett's EsophagusJohn W Pepper; Fiscal Year: 2010..b>Neoplasms progress to malignancy through a process of clonal evolution...
- Modeling Neoplastic Progression in Barrett's EsophagusCarlo Maley; Fiscal Year: 2009..b>Neoplasms progress to malignancy through a process of clonal evolution...
- THE IDENTITY OF THE LATENT NEOPLASTIC EPIDERMAL CELLRebecca Morris; Fiscal Year: 1993..hyperplasia of sufficient magnitude (promotion) can induce on the backs of mice benign and malignant cutaneous neoplasms. There are three striking characteristics of this process: i) initiation occurs quickly and is essentially ..
- Multi-Modal Lysosomotropic Death Therapy for Malignant Peripheral Nerve Sheath TuKEVIN AARON ROTH; Fiscal Year: 2010Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors (MPNSTs) are aggressive, rapidly fatal neoplasms for which new therapeutic approaches are desperately needed...
- Role of Periostin in Polycystic Kidney DiseaseDarren P Wallace; Fiscal Year: 2010..Although cysts are benign neoplasms, they ultimately cause renal insufficiency through extensive nephron loss and replacement of adjacent parenchyma ..
- Role of Periostin in Polycystic Kidney DiseaseDARREN WALLACE; Fiscal Year: 2009..Although cysts are benign neoplasms, they ultimately cause renal insufficiency through extensive nephron loss and replacement of adjacent parenchyma ..
- IRS-1 - JC T-antigen Interaction in Cerebellar TumorsKrzysztof Reiss; Fiscal Year: 2006Medulloblastomas represent about 25 percent of all pediatric intracranial neoplasms. These highly malignant tumors arise from the cerebellum and affect mainly children between ages five and fifteen...
- Functional analysis of the CYLD tumor suppressorJULIDE CELEBI; Fiscal Year: 2007..have been demonstrated in families with FC, and loss of heterozygosity at the CYLD locus has been found in these neoplasms, suggesting that CYLD functions as a tumor suppressor...