uveal neoplasms

..UBM can be used to assess various internal tumor features; however, arriving at a specific diagnosis without histologic correlation is difficult...

..These findings implicate loss of BAP1 in uveal melanoma metastasis and suggest that the BAP1 pathway may be a valuable therapeutic target...

..This study was undertaken to determine whether anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) therapy inhibits growth of primary uveal melanoma and spread of its hepatic micrometastases...

..This study was undertaken to examine the regulation of the proangiogenic factor vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF-A)...

..Taken together, this pathogenetic scheme can be used to construct a molecularly based and prognostically relevant classification of uveal melanomas that can be used clinically for personalized patient management...

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..MicroRNA-34a (miR-34a), a potential key effector of the p53 tumor-suppressor gene, was studied as a potential tumor suppressor in uveal melanoma...

..We aimed to evaluate the expression of IAPs in uveal melanoma (UM) and its correlation with prognostic factors associated with death from metastatic UM...

..To evaluate the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in uveal melanomas and correlate its presence with tumour characteristics and systemic metastasis...

..The findings underline the apoptotic pathway mediated by PERP as a critical mechanism employed by UM tumours to modulate susceptibility to apoptosis...

..Recently, oncogenic G protein alpha subunit q (GNAQ) mutations have been described in about 50% of uveal melanomas and in the blue nevi of the skin...

..Aqueous VEGF-A concentration correlates with largest basal tumor diameter and with the tumor height. In eyes with uveal melanoma, tumor and retinal tissues are sources of VEGF-A...

..Further elucidation of p53 pathway abnormalities in uveal melanoma may allow therapeutic interventions to increase the radiosensitivity of the tumors...

..CLINICAL RELEVANCE: New immunotherapies have been devised for the treatment of cancer based on the expression of TF. Similar approaches may be effective in treating uveal melanoma...

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..Fine-needle aspiration biopsy is being used to detect monosomy 3 in these tumors, based on the assumption that this chromosomal abnormality is distributed homogeneously throughout the tumor...

..Herein, we review the findings to date, discuss the insights they provide, and suggest future directions for molecular research in uveal melanoma...

..It has been reported that difficulties in imaging single cells and the propensity for tumor cells to replicate rapidly in animal models account for the deficit of single-cell tumor dormancy models...

..Expression of the leucocyte antigen CD45 was observed in three tumours but was not present in any cultured cells, whilst the expression of the dendritic cell marker CD1a was absent from all samples...

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..These data show that the Axl pathway mediates increased survival of uveal melanoma cells, potentially advantageous during cancer dormancy, and that Axl may function in part through regulation of Cyr61...

..Our data suggest that the expression of (lymph) angiogenic factors may play a causal role in the angiogenesis and progression of uveal melanoma and distant metastasis...

..Our findings suggest a role for endothelin receptor type B in the metastasis of uveal melanoma and, potentially, in the metastasis of other neural crest tumours...

..We further conclude that patients with small DNA diploid uveal melanomas of spindle cell type have a rather favourable prognosis...

..As an improved understanding of the cellular mechanisms used by uveal melanoma is gained, new opportunities to adapt or design therapeutic approaches may emerge...

..This prognostic assay provides an important addition to the armamentarium for managing patients with uveal melanoma, and it provides a proof of principle for the development of similar assays for other cancers...

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..Monosomy 3, one such variable, can be determined using fluorescence in situ hybridization, either on enucleated samples, fine-needle aspiration biopsy, or tumor sample obtained by vitrector...

..CONCLUSIONS: The findings suggest that alterations in p53 expression are associated with the expression of the cellular proliferation marker, Ki-67, but are not associated with the presence of microcirculation patterns...

..The unique patterning characteristic of vasculogenic mimicry provides an opportunity to design noninvasive imaging techniques to detect highly aggressive neoplasms and their metastases...

..Uveal melanoma is an attractive solid tumor for studying aneuploidy because it is a relatively homogeneous cancer that is highly metastatic and has low nonspecific chromosomal instability...

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..These studies offer new insights into melanoma pathogenesis, and they provide a practical foundation for effective clinical predictive testing...

..Data on variates of survival and site of first metastasis may guide strategies for screening patients, although our data failed to show a survival advantage in discovering asymptomatic metastatic disease...

..To compare a gene expression-based classifier versus the standard genetic prognostic marker, monosomy 3, for predicting metastasis in uveal melanoma...

..001). CONCLUSIONS: In uveal melanoma, concurrent loss of the short arm of chromosome 1 and all of chromosome 3 is an independent predictor of decreased DFS...

..CONCLUSION: Our study does overall not support an association between occupational sunlight exposure and risk of uveal melanoma. The finding of an excess risk of eye melanoma in cooks in several European countries is intriguing...

..To examine the association between ultraviolet light exposure and uveal melanoma...

..The aim of this study was to establish a proliferation profile of uveal melanoma cell lines, using different methods, and to compare it with their previously determined metastatic potential (MP)...

..Uveal melanoma incidence rates remained quite stable during the period 1983-97. The interpretation of uveal melanoma incidence trends is complicated by missing data on topography within the eye, morphology and basis of diagnosis...

..048 at log-rank test). CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that serum VEGF could be of prognostic value in melanoma...

..Other valuable prognostic factors are tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes and macrophages, and the presence of vascular loops...

..Therefore, we reported the outcome of locally excised ciliary body tumors after long-term follow-up...

..To describe the clinical and histopathologic features of noncontiguous tumor recurrence after transscleral local resection of posterior uveal melanoma...

..The purpose of the study was to detect circulating malignant cells (CMCs) in UMP and to correlate them with prognostic factors and therapy...

..To evaluate the cell proliferation activity in posterior uveal melanomas after Ru-106 brachytherapy...

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..Ultraviolet radiation has been suspected as a possible cause of ocular melanoma. Because this association is controversial, we examine the role of occupational exposure to ultraviolet radiation on the occurrence of this rare cancer...

..miRNA expression may represent a highly accurate biomarker for metastatic risk in uveal melanoma. In addition, these results may provide new insights into the role of miRNAs in tumor progression and the metastatic phenotype...

..CONCLUSIONS: Advances made in the local methods of treatment of primary uveal melanoma have not led to an improvement in survival. Systemic approaches to management of uveal melanoma are warranted...

..Our findings suggest that there are two distinct entities of uveal melanoma that were previously unrecognized because they are not obviously distinguishable by clinicopathological features...

..Our study provides no support for an association between mobile phones and ocular melanoma...

..Two recent studies indicated that cooks may have an increased risk of uveal melanoma. Here we report findings of two German case-control studies regarding cooking and uveal melanoma risk...

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..This is the first study describing an association between radiofrequency radiation exposure and uveal melanoma. Several methodologic limitations prevent our results from providing clear evidence on the hypothesized association...

..1-6q22 and the presence of one or more oncogenes on chromosomal region 6pter-6p21.2, which are likely to be important in UM and other tumors...

..To review the ocular retention rates, visual results, and metastases in uveal tumours managed with eye wall resection techniques...

..To investigate the crude and relative survival rates in patients with uveal melanoma in Sweden during the period from 1960 to 1998...

..To investigate the hypothesis that tumor-infiltrating macrophages contribute to prognosis of uveal melanoma and to study their association with tumor characteristics, especially microvessels...

..To examine the association among phenotypic characteristics, chronic and intermittent ultraviolet (UV) radiation, and the risk of uveal melanoma...

..To seek out correlations between preoperative electro-oculogram (EOG) recordings with different types of uveal melanomas, after surgery...

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..To describe the characteristics and evolution of pigmented episcleral deposits after brachytherapy for uveal melanoma to determine their origin and association with melanoma-related mortality...

..This does not exclude an important role for HLA antigens in immune surveillance against uveal melanoma and their metastases...

..g. secondary glaucoma), after brachytherapy (Ru106 plaques), it was 5%. Conservative methods and combined techniques are effective methods for the therapy of uveal melanomas (Fig. 5, Tab. 1, Ref. 6)...

..This study reports the results of proton beam radiotherapy based on a retrospective series of patients treated for uveal melanoma at the Orsay Center...

..CONCLUSION: Proton beam radiotherapy is an ocular-conserving option that may be considered for the treatment of extra-large uveal melanoma in carefully selected patients...

..Since 1999, we have offered cytogenetic analysis to patients treated by local resection or enucleation. This study correlated our cytogenetic results with clinical and histologic predictors and disease-specific mortality...

..To evaluate size, characteristics, and regression of iris and iridociliary melanomas on high-frequency ultrasound images before and after plaque brachytherapy...

..We report a patient with ciliary body melanoma associated with nodular extrascleral extension and diffuse infiltration of the iris and angle treated conservatively because the fellow eye was blind...

..Ocular melanocytosis can be associated with uveal melanoma even in young children...

..The purpose of this study was to report the multifactorial results of high-dose (106)Ruthenium plaque brachytherapy for (cilio-)choroidal melanoma and to confirm them by histological examinations...

..To correlate extraocular spread with other survival predictors and with metastatic death and determine whether there was any relationship between the size of the extraocular tumor and survival...

..CONCLUSION: Cavitation can occur in ciliary body melanoma and can lead to misinterpretation as a cyst. Cavitary melanoma should be considered in the differential diagnosis of cystic lesions of the anterior segment...

..Again, observation was recommended. In conclusion, systemic spread of primary choroidal melanoma may include a choroidal metastasis to the contralateral eye. Observation of the second affected eye may be prescribed...

..5% and 25.2%, respectively. In both groups, women had a better prognostic outcome than men. CONCLUSION: This study suggests that PER improves long-term survival in patients with uveal melanoma...

..Despite the relatively small tumor volume, life prognosis is guarded with distant metastasis in 25% at mean 6 years follow-up...

..To investigate the very long-term prognosis of patients with uveal melanoma and the clinical characteristics influencing it...

..To evaluate the safety and efficacy of iodine 125 plaque brachytherapy (IBT) for large uveal melanomas...

..001), which were more frequently the largest lesions. CONCLUSION: These results emphasize the importance of early detection of uveal melanoma. We recommended frequent fundus examination after pupil dilatation...

..CONCLUSION: BZA2 scintigraphy showed good tolerance in patients and it appears promising for differential diagnosis, staging, and restaging of melanoma...

..Largest tumor diameter over 13mm, presence of exudative retinal detachment, and macroscopic iris root involvement at the time of diagnosis are important risk factors for melanoma-related death, as shown by the multivariate analysis...

..To analyze survival, radiation-related complications, local recurrence, enucleation, and visual acuity after ruthenium-106 irradiation of malignant uveal melanoma...

..To evaluate the independent prognostic factors for survival, metastasis, local recurrence, and enucleation in patients who had undergone proton-beam therapy for posterior uveal melanomas...

..To investigate how tumour-infiltrating macrophages and microcirculation attributes of uveal melanomas regressed after brachytherapy and whether primarily enucleated melanomas differ...

..Currently available clinical information regarding management of posterior uveal melanomas complicated by nodular extrascleral extension is inadequate to determine the role, if any, for plaque radiotherapy in such patients...

..To establish whether the presentation of choroidal and ciliary body melanomas and patient survival have changed during the period 1955-2000...

..To evaluate prognostic factors for the survival of patients treated by enucleation for choroidal and ciliary body melanomas...

..CONCLUSIONS: The 32P isotope uptake test has no prognostic value for uveal melanoma. Moreover, the results of this study indicate that it is unlikely that cell activity as determined by 32P uptake involves mitotic activity of the tumor...

..To determine whether metastasis-free survival following stereotactic radiosurgery is comparable with that following enucleation in a cohort of patients with choroidal and ciliary body melanoma...

..Until recently, data were limited regarding growth characteristics and at what stage metastases are likely to occur...

..These data also point to the possibility of therapeutically interfering with IGF-1R, which appears to be expressed preferentially in uveal melanomas that appear to follow an aggressive clinical course...

..The technique used to achieve these results was simplified through the physical characteristics of the radioelement and the optimized-dosimetry program employed...

..Plaque radiotherapy can also cause alterations in the expression of Rb, but the significance of this finding will require further study...

..Standardized clinical and data collection procedures will be employed, and standardized forms will be used in all centers. Central training and certification of all study staff will be required. ..

..Consequently, these aims are highly relevant to the vision statement of the NEI, and they address several major program goals and objectives of the Retinal Diseases Program. ..

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..Consequently, these aims are highly relevant to the vision statement of the NEI, and they address several major program goals and objectives of the Retinal Diseases Program. ..

..The investigators expect to show that ultrasonographic criteria based on power image spectrum parameters can provide a noninvasive substitute for biopsy. ..

..This research proposal represents an application of this strategy and provides a proof of principle for similar approaches in other cancers. ..

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..Micrometastases, microscopic deposits of tumor that have spread via the bloodstream, are present in many patients with uveal melanoma at diagnosis. This project will test new methods of identifying and inhibiting these deposits. ..

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..In Specific Aim #2, cell lines will be used for in vitro studies to determine if one or more of the mechanisms of hypothalamic TRH regulation are relevant to the control of TRH production by melanoma cells. ..

..g., corneal transplantation) or abrogate immune privilege to protect against sight- and life-threatening neoplasms. ..

..These studies will lead to improved strategies for re-establishing immune privilege of corneal transplants and offsetting the untoward effects of allergic diseases on the fate of corneal transplants. ..

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..Medications used to treat hypothyroidism may actually be therapeutic for melanoma. Furthermore, melanoma cases may be prevented by heightened surveillance of individuals with a history of hypothyroidism. ..

..g., corneal transplantation). In some cases, it may be desirable to abrogate immune privilege to promote the immune-rejection of sight- and life-threatening ocular neoplasms. ..

..The long rang goal of this project is to design, develop, and evaluate novel immunotherapeutic modalities for the prevention and treatment of uveal melanoma metastases. ..

..Both strategies procure antigen-specific suppression of host immune responses and should prove useful in preventing corneal graft rejection. ..

..Understanding immune privilege may lead to strategies for promoting long term survival of therapeutic organ grafts...

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..g., corneal transplantation). In some cases, it may be desirable to abrogate immune privilege to promote the immune-rejection of sight- and life-threatening ocular neoplasms. ..

..The long range goals of this project are to understand immune regulatory processes in the eye and to manipulate such processes to reduce immune-mediated injury and corneal graft rejection...

..All three of these aims will be addressed in a well-characterized mouse model of penetrating keratoplasty. ..

..Standardized clinical and data collection procedures will be employed; and standardized forms will be used in all centers. Central training and certification of all study staff will be required. ..

..3) The investigators will examine the effect of the NF1-/- and NF1-/+ genotypes on microvascularization in embryonic development. The ability of NG2 ablation to rescue micro and macrovascular defects will be determined. ..

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..These studies will lead to improved strategies for re-establishing immune privilege of corneal transplants and offsetting the untoward effects of allergic diseases on the fate of corneal transplants. ..