hyperthyroidism

..Both hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism should be diagnosed using the appropriate reference intervals for pregnancy...

..PATIENTS: The study included 48 adult men, 34 with hyperthyroidism and 14 with hypothyroidism...

Three syndromes affecting the thyroid gland are described in the literature separately: familial nonautoimmune hyperthyroidism, sporadic congenital nonautoimmune hyperthyroidism, and autonomous adenomas...

Subclinical hyperthyroidism has long-term sequelae that include osteoporosis, cardiovascular morbidity, and progression to overt thyrotoxicosis or thyroid failure...

To determine the clinical impact of endogenous subclinical hyperthyroidism, specific symptoms and signs of thyroid hormone excess and quality of life were assessed in 23 patients (3 males and 20 females; mean age, 43 +/- 9 yr) and 23 age-..

OBJECTIVE: To study glucose and bone metabolism in hyperthyroidism, assess their changes after treatment, and investigate their interrelationships...

Although insulin resistance is a common finding in hyperthyroidism, the implicated mechanisms are obscure...

..The aim of the study was to evaluate plasma adiponectin level and its relation to cardiovascular risk factors in patients with thyroid dysfunction...

..thyroid hormone treatment, and in six healthy volunteers before and after transient induction of moderate hyperthyroidism. Insulin was infused under euglycaemic and eukalaemic clamps...

Although clinical hyperthyroidism (HR) is associated with insulin resistance, the information on insulin action in subclinical hyperthyroidism (SHR) is limited.

..protein kinase B (AKT1) signaling pathway, which culminates with cardiac hypertrophy in experimental hyperthyroidism. Male Wistar rats were divided into four groups: control, vitamin E, thyroxine (T(4)), and T(4)+vitamin E...

..injected with dendritic cells (DCs) infected with adenovirus encoding the full-length TSHR (AdTSHR) develop hyperthyroidism, albeit at a low incidence (36%)...

..mutations in the TSHR gene of affected members of two large pedigrees with non-autoimmune autosomal dominant hyperthyroidism (toxic thyroid hyperplasia), that involve residues in the third (Val509Ala) and seventh (Cys672Tyr) ..

There is current controversy on the association between subclinical hyperthyroidism and hypertension. Data from cohort studies have not been available yet...

..Subsequently, she was diagnosed with hyperthyroidism and treated with antithyroid therapy and oral nitrates...

Although insulin resistance is well established in hyperthyroidism, information on the effects of insulin on adipose tissue (AD) is limited.

Atrial fibrillation is a well-known manifestation of hyperthyroidism. We studied whether subclinical hyperthyroidism with low serum thyrotropin concentrations and free thyroid hormone concentrations within the normal range in clinically ..

In hyperthyroidism, increased oxygen consumption and free radical production in the stimulated respiratory chain leads to oxidative stress...

Data on the antioxidant levels enzyme in patients with hyperthyroidism are limited and conflicting. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the oxidative status using an automated method in patients with hyperthyroidism...

To determine whether sonography can be used to distinguish hyperthyroidism from hypothyroidism in pregnancies with fetal goiter.

..We evaluated the influence of a higher iodine intake on thyroid hormone levels and the prevalence of thyroid dysfunction in the Danish population...

Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG), which is capable of thyrotropic activity, is believed responsible for the hyperthyroidism of gestational trophoblastic disease and hyperemesis gravidarum...

We aimed to determine whether patients with subclinical hyperthyroidism (SH) are subject to oxidative stress...

The objective of this study was to determine whether dietary-induced mild fetal/neonatal hyperthyroidism influenced the initiation of spermatogenesis and the development of the adult-type Leydig cell population...

..a germline activating mutation M463V of the TSH receptor gene in two siblings with hereditary non-autoimmune hyperthyroidism. The onset of disease in the affected members of the pedigree occurred during childhood or adolescence...

..The aim of our study was to evaluate circulating levels of adiponectin in patients with thyroid dysfunction before and after normalization of thyroid function with appropriate medication...

..On the other hand, subclinical hyperthyroidism (SCHyper) is associated with enhanced cardiovascular risk...

..This article (part I) deals with hyperthyroidism, part II with hypothyroidism and thyroiditis, and part III with neoplastic lesions of the thyroid...

b>Hyperthyroidism was induced in rats by l-thyroxine administration (12 mg/L in drinking water, 4 weeks). Animals were assessed hemodynamically, and heart, lung, and liver morphometry were performed...

..markers to detect paroxysmal atrial fibrillation, differ in patients with endogenous subclinical hyperthyroidism in comparison with those in healthy control subjects...

TSH-secreting tumors comprise less than 2% of all pituitary adenomas. All patients present with hyperthyroidism with a detectable TSH level, and a majority have macroadenomas. Oral cholecystographic agents (e.g...

The most common cause of hyperthyroidism in Australia is Graves disease, caused by a defect in immunoregulation in genetically predisposed individuals, leading to production of thyroid-stimulating antibodies...

..Euthyroidism was documented in both infants. These cases raise the issue of whether untreated hyperthyroidism and not methimazole intake is the teratogen.

Graves' hyperthyroidism and multinodular toxic goiter lead to high serum T(3) compared with serum T(4). The source of this high T(3) has not been clarified.

The aim of this study was to investigate systolic pulmonary artery pressure (SPAP) and serum uric acid (SUA) levels in patients with hyperthyroidism and after euthyroid state was reached.

..Possible mechanisms for the development of pulmonary arterial hypertension due to hyperthyroidism include damage to pulmonary vascular endothelium due to high cardiac output or an autoimmune process or ..

Our objective was to determine symptomatology of depression and anxiety in patients with untreated hyperthyroidism and compare with euthyroid patients.

b>Hyperthyroidism is a hypermetabolic state accompanied by increased oxygen utilization, increased production of reactive oxygen species and consequentially measurable changes in antioxidative factors...

..chronic administration of clofibrate, a peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-alpha (PPARalpha) agonist, on the development and established hemodynamic, morphologic, metabolic, and renal manifestations of hyperthyroidism in rats.

Treatment with radioactive iodine ((131)I) may be necessary for thyroid cancer or for hyperthyroidism in patients with end-stage renal disease who require hemodialysis...

Familial non-autoimmune hyperthyroidism is a rare autosomal dominant genetic disease resulting from activating mutations in the thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor (TSHR) gene...

..9+/-9.6 vs 37.6+/-6.4%, p=0.026). In conclusion, our results suggest that subjects with subclinical hyperthyroidism tend to have an endothelial dysfunction...

..b>Hyperthyroidism as a manifestation of endocrine hyperfunction in MAS is uncommon...

Sporadic and familial nonautoimmune hyperthyroidism are very rarely occurring diseases. Within the last years constitutively activating TSH receptor mutations were identified as one possible pathomechanism...

..We assessed whether hospitalisation with hyperthyroidism was a risk factor for hospitalisation with affective disorder and evaluated the temporal relationship between ..

b>Hyperthyroidism is one of the most common causes of cardiac failure. Blood volume expands greatly during pregnancy, especially after the last part of the second trimester...

Clinical significance of, and the need for, treatment in subclinical hyperthyroidism (sHT) is still a matter of debate. The aim of the study was to assess the impact of sHT on echocardiographic parameters.

The association of endogenous subclinical hyperthyroidism (SHyper) with cardiovascular mortality is controversial...

To determine maternal and fetal outcomes of women complicated with hyperthyroidism compared with those in normal pregnant women.

Mutations of the human thyrotrophin receptor (TSH-R) are a cause of thyroid adenomas and hyperthyroidism. Here we study mechanisms of receptor activation in a genomic TSH-R variant V509A located in transmembrane helix (TMH) 3, which we ..

Exophthalmos associated with goiter and/or symptoms of hyperthyroidism have been known since antiquity. It was not until around 1800 that a number of studies described this disorder in more detail.

Graves' hyperthyroidism is an autoimmune disease occurring spontaneously in humans and caused by autoantibodies that stimulate the thyrotropin receptor...

For patients with subclinical hyperthyroidism (SH), the objective of the study was to define the rates of progression to frank hyperthyroidism and normal thyroid function.

Body composition changes in nine adults with hyperthyroidism were determined with dual energy x-ray absorptiometry and computed tomography at diagnosis and after 3 and 12 months of euthyroidism achieved by surgery, antithyroid drugs, or ..

..Like the cervical thyroid gland, this ectopic thyroid tissue can become autonomous. We present a case of hyperthyroidism caused by thyroid tissue in a large ovarian cystic teratoma and provide detailed endocrinological, ..

Activating mutations in the TSHR gene were found in patients suffering from nonautoimmune hyperthyroidism. In the past, it was assumed that thyroid hyperplasia is due to constitutive activation of the Gs/adenylyl cyclase signaling ..

..The authors present the cases of 4 patients who developed CVT and hyperthyroidism. At the acute stage, hyperthyroidism was associated with an increase in factor VIII (FVIII)...

b>Hyperthyroidism leads to an enhanced demand for glucose, which is primarily provided by increased rates of hepatic glucose production due to increased gluconeogenesis (in the fasting state) and increased Cori cycle activity (in the late ..

b>Hyperthyroidism in elderly patients is not to be under-evaluated, since it is characterized in such age range by particular clinical and prognostic features...

OBJECTIVE: Hereditary nonautoimmune hyperthyroidism is caused by activating thyrotropin receptor (TSHR) germline mutations. We describe a family from Saxony, Germany, with this condition...

..Particularly in children and adolescents, somatic or germ cell mutations may lead to hyperthyroidism. In these cases, molecular analysis of the TSHR gene provides important information for further clinical ..

Subclinical hypothyroidism and subclinical hyperthyroidism are two frequently occurring conditions for which exact therapeutic approaches have not yet been established...

..However, hyperthyroidism occurs in pregnancy with clinical presentation similar to hyperemesis gravidarum (HG) and pregnancy itself...

Short-term hyperthyroidism, induced by daily administration of T3 (20 microg/100g body weight) for one, three, and five days consecutively, modulates oxidative stress and antioxidant defence parameters in mitochondrial and ..

OBJECTIVE: To report several cases of hyperthyroidism in patients presenting with the unusual symptom of sleepwalking and to discuss the possible pathophysiologic basis for this novel association...

Glucagon has been proposed to contribute to the increased glucose production found in hyperthyroidism. However, fasting plasma glucagon levels are not increased in hyperthyroidism suggesting that the activity of the α-cell is normal...

Thionamides are the main therapeutic arsenal for treating hyperthyroidism. Perhaps the first case of a patient who developed a transient pituitary hyperthyroidism after discontinuation of a lengthy intake of a thionamide is reported.

..To evaluate the incidence of thyroid disorders and dose distribution to the thyroid in patients treated with radiotherapy for head-and-neck carcinomas...

..Mannan-binding lectin (MBL), a protein of the innate immune system, may constitute a connection between these fields...

..RESULTS: Among these patients, 16.6% had altered thyroid function tests: 6.9% had hyperthyroidism, 5.6% hypothyroidism and 4.2% had increased T4 levels, by means of amiodarone use...

..CONCLUSIONS: Serum NT-pro-BNP levels are affected by thyroid function. This seems due to a direct stimulatory effect of thyroid hormones...

..We studied 15 patients with hyperthyroidism, 15 patients with hypothyroidism and 15 euthyroid subjects, all matched by sex, age and body mass index (BMI)...

..We conclude that the level of the rat liver GPDH activity could serve as a useful marker for evaluation of hyperthyroid and hypothyroid status in chronic long-lasting experiments on female inbred Lewis rats...

..between thyroid hormones and leptin levels was investigated in patients with overt hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism before and after successful treatment...

..These results suggest the existence of a membrane-bound binding site for thyroid hormone in PMNLs and a physiological role for thyroid hormone in the cellular defence mechanisms by stimulating free-radical production...

..While hyperthyroidism in pregnancy is uncommon, effects on both mother and child are critical if untreated...

..the relationship between renal function and thyroid status before and after treatment for hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism, respectively...

CONTEXT: Hyperthyroidism has been reported to cause excess all-cause and circulatory mortality. Whether this can be reversed is unknown, as is the influence of mild persisting thyroid dysfunction and treatment-induced hypothyroidism...

..In subclinical hyperthyroidism, premenopausal women show no significant BMD loss, whereas postmenopausal women face a significant BMD loss...

..To investigate the risk of hypothyroidism after radioiodine (131I) treatment for hyperfunctioning thyroid nodules...

..025). During treatment, 63.3% of diagnosable samples showed unambiguous hyperthyroidism or triiodothyronine (T3) toxicosis, 16...

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..This article will review common challenges in the diagnosis of hyperthyroidism in children, the approaches to treatment, and the nursing interventions guided toward child and family ..

..9% sub-clinical hypothyroidism, 5.4% hypothyroidism secondary to hypopituitarism), 15.6% by hyperthyroidism (overt 7.8% , subclinical 7.8%), and 39.4% showed a low T3 syndrome...

..This case indicates that subacute thyroiditis can induce thyroid autoimmunity, and that the character of TSH receptor antibodies (TSHRAb) in these patients can change thereby modifying their thyroid function...

..Therapy-related risks, such as immunogenic hypothyroidism or thyroid cancer, are discussed. (131)I treatment of functional autonomy and hyperthyroidism is considered an effective and safe procedure.

..Therefore, as well as reviewing distinct features of disorders with hypothyroidism, hyperthyroidism and normal thyroid function in childhood and adolescence, this article will also focus on important aspects ..

..No deleterious effect occurred in thyroid function and physical and intellectual development of children whose mothers were treated during pregnancy with doses of MMI up to 20 mg daily...

..His mother had received 400 MBq of (131)I for hyperthyroidism (total T4 178 nmol/L, thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) <0.1 mU/L, 4-h (131)I uptake 16%)...

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..03, 0.034 and 0.035 microg/ml in the other 3 infants. We conclude that the treatment of hyperthyroid lactating mothers with doses of 20-30 mg MMI day does not cause deleterious effects on thyroid function of their breast-fed infants...

..47 units when serum FT4 was increased by one unit. CONCLUSION: In conclusion, our data indicate that circulating thyroid hormone plays a relevant role in regulating leptin metabolism independent of BMI and body fat...

The presence of TSH receptor antibody (TRAb) is rarely responsible for hyperthyroidism due to metastatic lesions of thyroid carcinoma...

..In this manuscript we have aimed to provide the practicing internist with practical and 'as evidence-based as possible' treatment guidelines with respect to thyroid function disorders...

Graves'disease (GD) accounts for the vast majority of cases of hyperthyroidism in young adults...

Graves'hyperthyroidism is caused by thyroid stimulating autoantibodies (TSAb) to the thyrotropin receptor (TSHR)...

..Shed A-subunits drive immunity leading to thyroid stimulating antibodies and hyperthyroidism. Immunization using an adenovirus (Ad) engineered to express the A-subunit is an effective approach to induce ..

..Efforts to design hormone agonists and antagonists useful for treating infertility and hyperthyroidism would benefit from a molecular understanding of hormone-receptor interaction...

..Shed A-subunits drive immunity leading to thyroid stimulating antibodies and hyperthyroidism. Immunization using an adenovirus (Ad) engineered to express the A-subunit is an effective approach to induce ..

..regulatory mechanisms by which thyroid hormone modulates P450 reductase expression under conditions of hyperthyroidism and hyperthyroidism, and to evaluate the implications of this modulation for P450 reductase-catalyzed quinone ..

..In addition, we will examine the effects of hypo- and hyperthyroidism (T3 induced) and hypopituitarism on the response of their cells to those hormones...

..Mutations, activating or inactivating GpHR function, have been identified in hyperthyroidism, precocious puberty and pseudohermaphroditism; moreover, polymorphic variants of LH and FSH receptors have ..

..for the myocardial response of the euthyroid heart to the thyrotoxic state such as occurs in patients with hyperthyroidism. We have developed a novel method for inducing chronic myocardial thyrotoxicosis in mice by use of a ..

..hormone resistance and thyroid hormone action, which will shed light on the basis of human hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism. Moreover, an understanding of how TRs regulate gene transcription in the absence of ligand will provide ..

..Efforts to design hormone agonists and antagonists useful for treating infertility and hyperthyroidism would benefit from a molecular understanding of hormone-receptor interaction...

..Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT), which manifests by hypothyroidism, and Graves disease (GD), which causes hyperthyroidism. The mechanisms initiating the AITD are not completely understood...

..in various tissues, and therefore to understanding the basis for the signs and symptoms of hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism. Techniques employed to address these questions will include gel shift and avidin biotin complex to DNA ..

..Our central hypothesis is that older individuals with persistent subclinical hyperthyroidism are at increased risk for specific adverse cardiovascular, musculoskeletal, and neurocognitive outcomes, ..

Autoantibodies to the thyrotropin receptor can either activate thyroid gland causing hyperthyroidism or block TSH mediated activation of thyroid and cause hypothyroidism...

..forms of AITD are Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT), causing hypothyroidism, and Graves' disease (GD), causing hyperthyroidism. The hallmark of these conditions is thyroid dysfunction associated with the presence of lymphocytic ..