anus neoplasms

..The finding that EGFR, c-Met, and VEGFR1 involved in carcinogenesis are well-represented and coexpressed in anal cancers, especially in HIV-positive population, suggests possible novel targeted treatments for anal diseases...

..Chemoradiation as definitive therapy is the preferred primary therapy for patients with anal canal carcinoma; however, the 5-year disease-free survival rate from concurrent fluorouracil/mitomycin and radiation is only approximately 65%...

..This proportion would be similar for the corresponding high-grade lesions of the vagina and anus, but higher for VIN2/3 (75%) than for vulvar carcinoma...

..The present analysis suggests that shortening the gap contributes to optimizing LRC. Gaps longer than 5 weeks correlated with poorer LRC, with especially unsatisfactory results observed in younger patients...

..To analyse toxicity and response to a new scheme of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (CT) and concomitant radiochemotherapy (RT-CT) for locally advanced anal canal squamous-cell carcinoma (ACC)...

..To assess the feasibility and activity of radio-chemotherapy with mitomycin C (MMC) and cisplatin (CDDP) in locally advanced squamous cell anal carcinoma with reference to radiotherapy (RT) combined with MMC and fluorouracil (5-FU)...

..If ongoing clinical trials show efficacy in preventing anal HPV infection and associated anal lesions, prophylactic HPV vaccines may play an important role for the primary prevention of these cancers in both genders...

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..No excessive acute reactions were seen. Because of the short follow-up, late reactions and local control are not yet evaluable...

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..persistence) after chemoradiation (when salvage is potentially curative), absence of nodal disease at salvage, and negative margins. Salvage inguinal lymph node dissection after failed chemoradiation therapy also is potentially curative...

..00001, Fisher's exact test). These results indicate that components of tobacco smoke inflict genotoxic damage in the anal epithelium of smokers and provide a plausible mechanism for a causal association between smoking and anal cancer...

..The poor long-term prognosis of anorectal melanomas correlates with their advanced tumor size and depth of infiltration at diagnosis. The overall 5-year survival rates range between <5 and 22% in different series...

..To evaluate the response to therapy for anal carcinoma using post-therapy imaging with positron emission tomography (PET)/computed tomography and F-18 fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) and to compare the metabolic response with patient outcome...

..Future challenges will be influenced by an increasing incidence due to human papillomavirus and HIV infection, more accurate characterisation and treatment of early (in situ) disease, and optimisation of chemoradiation regimens...

..We report the Tenon hospital experience since 1972 concerning the long term results after radiation therapy, the modifications of the radiation technique, and the evolution of treatment strategy...

..The current standard treatment consists of abdominoperineal resection (APR). The aim of this Rare Cancer Network study was to evaluate the prognostic factors and outcome after the three most commonly used treatment approaches...

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..Inguinal sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) can be used to select patients appropriately for inguinal radiation. The study evaluates the efficiency and clinical impact of SLNB...

..Oncologic resection and protracted follow-up must factor in their predilection for late recurrence and metastatic spread. The role of adjuvant therapy with STI571 here remains to be clearly defined...

..The aim of the present study is to determine how widely the combined modality approach has been adopted in routine clinical practice and what outcomes are achieved in this setting...

..Anorectal melanoma is a rare, highly malignant tumour with a poor 5 year survival of 10%. Most anorectal melanomas have gross and/or histologic pigmentation, however about 30% of anorectal melanomas are amelanotic...

..CONCLUSION: Anorectal melanoma is a rare disease with a poor prognosis. Wide local excision is recommended as primary therapy if negative resection margins can be achieved...

..FDG-PET/CT detects substantially more abnormal inguinal lymph nodes than are identified by standard clinical staging with CT and physical examination...

..These observations may have important therapeutic implications since EGFR-based targeted therapies have shown promise for other malignant neoplasms...

..Compared with historical controls, local control is not compromised despite efforts to increase conformality and reduce normal structure dose...

..Anal cancer is a rare disease. The aim of this study was to describe anal cancer in Iceland in 1987-2003 with respect to incidence, histologic type, treatment, recurrence rate and survival...

..We investigated the utility of positron emission tomography (PET) with 2-deoxy-2[F-18]fluoro-D-glucose (FDG) in the staging and determination of response to CMT...

..Anal melanoma remains an uncommon but lethal disease. Extent of disease correlates with overall survival. Survival is improving, but the use and extent of operation are not associated with improved overall survival...

..Anorectal melanoma (AM) is a rare tumor with a poor prognosis. Treatment with abdominoperineal resection (APR) over wide local excision (WLE) is still debated. This study aimed to compare median survival of WLE and APR in patients with AM...

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..762), respectively. Chemoradiotherapy with short individualised treatment interruptions seems to be feasible with acceptable acute or late toxicities. Treatment is highly effective in terms of local control and colostomy-free survival...

..The use of neoadjuvant chemotherapy has been infrequently reported in the literature. This study presents results from a large population-based series and provides comparisons between different treatments...

..To report a multicenter experience treating anal canal cancer patients with concurrent chemotherapy and intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT)...

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..To evaluate the feasibility of delivering conformal radiotherapy (RT) and concurrent chemotherapy without a mandatory break in patients with anal canal carcinoma...

..Ongoing studies attempt to define an optimal treatment regimen that yields a higher cure rate while minimizing toxicity. We review the etiology, epidemiology, and treatment regimens for anal cancer...

..Anal cancers universally express the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and KRAS mutations have not been reported in anal cancer thus far...

..Patients with metastatic anorectal melanoma generally have an unfavorable prognosis, but no effective systemic therapy has been reported...

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..For V(30)>450 cc and < or =450 cc, acute GI toxicity was 33% and 8%, respectively (p=0.003)...

..Because of the occurrence of additional malignancy, patients with anal cancer should receive general oncologic screening in long-term follow-up...

..9%) and 55.3% (95% CI: 23.3-83.4%), respectively. FDG-PET shows increased sensitivity over CIm for staging nodal disease in anal cancer and changes treatment intent or radiotherapy prescription in a significant proportion of patients...

..The adaptation of new techniques in treatment of epidermoid carcinoma of the anal canal during the past 3 decades has improved clinical outcomes...

..Moreover, the subset of patients who presented with severe complications and/or anal dysfunction showed poorer scores in most scales...

..We determined the prevalence of anal dysplasia and cancer in patients with anal canal condyloma with respect to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) status, immunity status, and human papillomavirus types...

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..To investigate whether a dose reduction to CT-enlarged but FDG-PET-negative (([(18)F]-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose positron emission tomography) inguinal lymph nodes in radiochemotherapy of anal cancer is safe...

..This study provides prospective epidemiological evidence of an association between infection with HPV 16 and 18 and anal and perianal skin cancer...

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..We also review the present five cases along with 74 other Japanese cases reported between 1997 and 2006 and discuss the role of surgery in the treatment of AMM...

..This article summarizes a presentation given by Wm. Christopher Mathews, MD, MSPH, at the November 2002 International AIDS Society-USA course in San Diego...

..To assess the utility of FDG-PET in anal cancer for staging and impact on radiotherapy planning (RTP), response and detection of recurrent disease...

..The 22953 scheme is feasible and the results are promising. This is now considered as the new standard scheme by the EORTC...

..The success of cervical cytology in screening for cervical neoplasia has led to the concept of anal cytology screening for anal neoplasia. Our objective is to study the performance of anal cytology as a screening tool...

..Smoking was recently suggested to increase the risk of anal cancer more in premenopausal women than in postmenopausal women. Thus, we used our population-based anal cancer case-control study in Denmark and Sweden to test this hypothesis...

..Treatment for AIN remains challenging, but AIN is easier to treat when the lesions are small, and it is likely that a screening program would identify affected individuals at an earlier stage of disease...

..This retrospective study evaluated the efficacy, prognostic factors, and toxicity of combined radiochemotherapy for anal cancer...

..The fourth patient had a sentinel node mapped to a meso-rectal node. This was not sampled. CONCLUSIONS: The application of this effective technique will allow accurate staging of anal cancers to better plan future treatment regimes...

..Continued studies and phase III trials will be needed to test new treatment strategies in HIV-infected patients with squamous cell cancer of the anus to determine which treatment protocols provide the greatest benefits...

..LEARNING OBJECTIVE: At the completion of this learning activity, participants should be familiar with the unique epidemiology, clinical course, and management of cutaneous malignancy in patients infected with HIV...

..We report toxicity and survival data of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected men with anal carcinoma treated with combined modality therapy (CMT) of radiotherapy and concurrent chemotherapy...

..To evaluate anus-preservation treatment for anal cancer...

..Most patients with anal cancer can expect to retain a functional sphincter after chemoradiation/radiation. Further studies are in progress to determine the optimal chemoradiation protocol...

..This case shows the typical problems of a physician-patient relationship in an oncologic clinic and emphasizes the importance of integrating medical with psychosocial care...

..Novel approaches currently are underway in this select patient population and will be addressed for the purposes of this manuscript...

..This is the first case providing evidence of the causative role of 5-fluorouracil and cisplatin in potentially inducing RRD...

..The incidence of anal canal squamous-cell carcinoma is increasing. Limited data exist on predictors of treatment failure. This study was designed to identify predictors for relapse/persistence after first-line therapy...

..This phase II trial aimed to determine the feasibility, toxicity, and efficacy of capecitabine, MMC and radiotherapy (RT) in anal cancer patients...

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..The purpose of this study was to determine the usefulness of a human papillomavirus-DNA detection test to detect human papillomavirus-associated disease and to compare two different methods of sample collection...

..These data suggest that common host factors exist among individuals affected with anogenital and upper aerodigestive tract cancers...

..The objectives of the study were to investigate the HPV prevalence of anal squamous proliferative lesion in Taiwan...

..04, p = 0.01, respectively). We propose that activation of AKT, possibly through the PI3K-AKT pathway, is an important component of ASCC tumorigenesis that contributes to MDM2 and TP53 accumulation in the nucleus...

..In view of recent developments in the understanding of this condition, this article reviews the current understanding of anal intraepithelial neoplasia and its treatment from a dermatological perspective...

..The literature regarding SS is limited by small patient numbers and/or heterogeneous treatment protocols. We report on a large series of patients initially treated with chemoradiation at a major referral center...

..Chemoradiation remains the mainstay of treatment for anal cancers but has not been routinely employed in the management of the BLT without squamous cell carcinoma transformation...

..For patients with T3 or T4 lesion and tumor regression <or=50% after the first course of radiation therapy, surgical non conservative treatment should be discussed...

..Human papillomavirus (HPV) infections of the genital tract are sexually transmitted and prevalent worldwide. In this study, the role of HPV in 72 patients with anal squamous cell carcinoma was investigated...

..Although of histologically benign appearance, it infiltrates and destroys the surrounding tissue. There is a high risk of local recurrence and malignant transformation. The treatment of choice is wide surgical resection...

..The incidence of anal cancer is high in patients with anal condyloma. HIV increases this risk. We analyzed anal mucosa from normal individuals and individuals with condyloma...

..To investigate the clinical history, management, and pattern of recurrence of very early-stage anal canal cancer in a French retrospective survey...

..Induction chemotherapy followed by radiotherapy in patients with anal cancer is effective in terms of its response and preserving the anal sphincter without serious acute and late complications...

..015). ERUS uTNM staging is more effective in prognosis for RT and CRT and, therefore, should be recommended for preliminary management of epidermoid anal carcinoma...

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..These rates are comparable to the best results reported with mitomycin-C and 5-FU. Without the normally severe toxicity, cisplatin-based therapy results in a wider therapeutic index...

..Local control was higher in patients treated with doses of more than 50 Gy at primary tumor. The high incidence of inguinal failure implies the need for elective RT in this region...

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..All HIV-positive patients with invasive cancer of the anal canal, particularly those with CD4+ cell counts greater than 200/microL and those receiving HAART, should be managed in the same manner as their HIV-negative counterparts...

..We report a case of a 50-years-old woman with recurrence of Bowen's disease associated with vulvar HPV infection and review the literature...

..However, chemoradiotherapy should be prefered to improve survival free of colostomy with a good anal sphincter function for tumors more than or equal to 2 cm in length and locally advanced tumors...

..An abdominoperineal resection was performed on 9 of the 11 patients with local relapse. Of these, 6 patients were alive without evident disease after 3 years of observation...

..Toxicities from chemoradiotherapy do arise, but patients are not at increased risk for requiring a stoma...

..The prognosis of anal squamous cell carcinoma that received Cur B or C resection was extremely poor with a median survival time (MST) of 7 or 6 months. Chemoradiotherapy seems to be effective as the first line treatment...

..The results of the 101 first included patients are studied by an intermediate analyze. In July 2003, 222 patients were enrolled by 33 investigating centres out of the 350 planned patients until the end of the trial in December 2004...

..CONCLUSIONS: Neoadjuvant chemotherapy with a cisplatin-based regimen rather than concurrent regimen plus radiotherapy may decrease complications without compromising survival or sphincter preservation...

..The warts improved substantially but usually did not totally disappear within six months. Patient follow-up continues. A new randomized, placebo-controlled trial is underway to evaluate these findings...

..It is expected that Dr. Monk will have obtained extramural funding for both his laboratory and clinical studies by the end of the period of support requested. ..

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..Our goal is to pave the way for a strategy in the future that will allow administration of effective therapy, improve safety, and preserve the esophagus in some patients. ..

..These studies may therefore provide valuable information relevant to other diseases as well, such as cancer of the cervix...

..Knowledge of genes involved in ASIL pathogenesis may provide new approaches to therapy of both anal and cervical HSIL as well as markers for disease progression. ..

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..Knowledge of genes involved in ASIL pathogenesis may provide new approaches to therapy of both anal and cervical HSIL as well as markers for disease progression. ..

..This study will help provide important new information on which groups of HIV+ men may benefit from screening and how HAART may modify this risk. ..

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..Our ultimate goal is to provide information to identify women at high risk of breast cancer, and to aid in the formulation of prevention strategies for these women. ..

..g. Rosaceae fruits and Cruciferae vegetables), and food-derived nutrients (e.g. carotenoids, vitamin C, and vitamin E). ..

..Information garnered from this type of study will be critical in developing vaccine strategies and therapies as well as illuminating immune responses developed in the mucosal epithelium. ..

..S. and specifically assess how best to modify cytology-based screening, utilize HPV diagnostics, and tailor aoDrooriate follow-uo strategies for adolescents and vouna women diaanosed with CIN 2 ..

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..What is learned about treatment quality and completeness can subsequently be used to improve the information in these registries so that they can become a resource for researchers evaluating quality of cancer care. ..

..If HPV-associated epithelial abnormalities are risk factors for HIV infection, then identification of such lesions may improve assessment of HIV transmission risk and could direct future interventions for HIV prevention. ..

..S. and in Morocco, and support cancer that will benefit the U.S. through elucidation of cancer risk factors and cancer disease progression.. ..

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..Novel treatments, such as topical cidofovir, may prevent pre-cancerous lesions from developing into cancer in HIV-infected patients. ..

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..Results from this study will efficiently further our understanding of the role of antioxidant nutrients and cervical carcinogens. ..

..C-peptide, glycosylated hemoglobin, IGF-1, and IGFBP3 will be evaluated with respect to breast and endometrial cancer in a subset of women. ..

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..Results from this study may provide a novel biomarker for women at risk of progression of HPV infection to SIL. ..

..The results from this study will be related to the prevention and education of pre-cancer lesions in young women as well as identifying a clinical model for the role of viruses in abnormal cellular development. ..

..The results from this study will be related to the prevention and education of pre-cancer lesions in young women as well as identifying a clinical model for the role of viruses in abnormal cellular development...

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..The understanding of both local and systemic immune responses to initial and subsequent HPV infections may be key in vaccine or therapeutic developments. ..

..We believe it is critical to continue to engage the high risk youth in the San Francisco Bay Area in clinical and behavioral research. ..