rectal neoplasms

..In recent years, encouraging results with preoperative radiotherapy have been reported. We compared preoperative chemoradiotherapy with postoperative chemoradiotherapy for locally advanced rectal cancer...

..Preoperative radiotherapy is recommended for selected patients with rectal cancer. We evaluated the addition of chemotherapy to preoperative radiotherapy and the use of postoperative chemotherapy in the treatment of rectal cancer...

..Neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy is considered a standard approach for T3-4 M0 rectal cancer. In this situation, we compared neoadjuvant radiotherapy plus capecitabine with dose-intensified radiotherapy plus capecitabine and oxaliplatin...

..The NSABP R-03 (National Surgical Adjuvant Breast and Bowel Project R-03) trial compared neoadjuvant versus adjuvant chemoradiotherapy in the treatment of locally advanced rectal carcinoma...

..This study established whether patients with pCR have better long-term outcome than do those without pCR...

..To investigate the efficacy of preoperative short-term radiotherapy in patients with mobile rectal cancer undergoing total mesorectal excision (TME) surgery...

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..In 1992, preoperative radiotherapy was considered in France as the standard treatment for T3-4 rectal cancers. The present randomized trial compares preoperative radiotherapy with chemoradiotherapy...

..To perform a meta-analysis to compare endoluminal ultrasonography (US), computed tomography (CT), and magnetic resonance (MR) imaging in rectal cancer staging...

..The National Cancer Institute sponsored a panel of experts to systematically review current literature and to draft guidelines that provide uniform definitions, principles, and practices...

..The purpose of this study is to analyse the TRG on mesorectal lymphnodes (lymphnode regression grade, LRG) after preoperative chemoradiation in rectal cancer patients and to determine the correlation with TRG of primary tumor...

..The aim of this study was to compare QoL following abdominoperineal excision of rectum (APER) with that after anterior resection (AR) in patients with rectal cancer...

..We compared short-course preoperative radiotherapy versus initial surgery with selective postoperative chemoradiotherapy...

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..To evaluate the clinical value of diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (DW-MRI) to monitor response of primary carcinoma of the rectum to preoperative chemoradiation by measuring tumor apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC)...

..We designed a combination regimen to optimize the contribution of chemotherapy, decrease recurrence, and improve survival as compared with adjuvant radiation alone...

..The aim of this study was to compare survival, local control and late toxicity in the two treatment groups...

..We assessed the impact of tumor regression grading (TRG) and its value in correlation to established prognostic factors in a cohort of rectal carcinoma patients treated by preoperative chemoradiotherapy (CRT)...

..The aim of this study is to evaluate early complete surgical resection by a perineal approach as the therapy-of-choice for tumors under the sacral promontory...

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..This will require validation in a larger cohort of patients...

..67, p=0.01) and chemoradiation (r=-0.83, p=0.001). Persistence of low ADC in responders after chemotherapy could represent loss of a non-viable fraction of the treated tumour...

..In this study, we aim to determine the mutation frequencies of PIK3CA, KRAS, and BRAF and to investigate whether a mutation may be used as a prognostic parameter in rectal cancer patients...

..An emerging strategy to improve outcomes in rectal cancer is to integrate biologically active, targeted agents as triple therapy into chemoradiation protocols...

..Negative surgical margins are important for local control of rectal cancer treated with sphincter-preserving surgery. However, the association of rectal cancer recurrence with close distal margin is not well established...

..To investigate the use of FDG-PET/CT before, during and after chemoradiotherapy (CRT) and diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (DW-MRI) before CRT for the prediction of pathological response (pCR) in rectal cancer patients...

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..To investigate oxaliplatin combined with fluorouracil-based chemoradiotherapy as preoperative treatment for locally advanced rectal cancer...

..The present interim analysis assessed feasibility, compliance and complications after RT and surgery...

..This study aimed to evaluate UD during 5 years after total mesorectal excision (TME) and to investigate the influence of preoperative radiotherapy (PRT) and surgical factors...

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..Specifying common challenges and sociodemographic or clinical differences will further the development of tailored interventions to improve health-related quality of life (HRQOL)...

..KRAS and BRAF are mutated in 35% and 10% of colorectal cancers, respectively. However, data specifically for locally advanced rectal cancers are scarce, and the frequency of KRAS mutations in codons 61 and 146 remains to be established...

..The objective of the current study was to assess the efficacy and toxicity of adding bevacizumab to induction chemotherapy followed by preoperative bevacizumab-based chemoradiotherapy in patients with locally advanced rectal cancer...

..To evaluate the clinical value of diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) in combination with T(2)-weighted imaging (T(2)WI) for the detection of rectal cancer as compared with T(2)WI alone...

..Survival in these patients is significantly affected by systemic failure. Exclusive local failure occurs late after CRT completion and is frequently amenable to salvage therapy...

..Supplemental material available at http://radiographics.rsna.org/lookup/suppl/doi:10.1148/rg.303095085/-/DC1...

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..The current study investigated the correlation between tumor involvement in regional lymph nodes and rectal mural tumor status in patients who underwent preoperative CRT for rectal cancer...

..Because pCR seems to be associated with better outcome, an understanding of the factors governing the response to CMT should be pursued...

..This report describes the HRQL and sexual functioning of 990 patients who underwent TME and were randomly assigned to short-term PRT (5 x 5 Gy)...

..Recurrence and survival data were also recorded and compared between the two groups...

..Long-term survival can be achieved, especially for patients with no symptoms and minimal fixation of the recurrence in the pelvis, provided no gross residual disease remains...

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..Permanent colostomy is not always the factor that disrupts a person's quality of life most...

..The current study was performed to determine if liver resection for colorectal metastases is safe and effective and to evaluate predictors of outcome...

..To study changes of the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) measured by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in patients with primary rectal carcinoma during a course of combined chemoradiation...

..This trial investigated whether chemotherapy as part of a multidisciplinary treatment approach would improve downstaging, survival, and relapse rate...

..Report overall long-term results of stage 0 rectal cancer following neoadjuvant chemoradiation and compare long-term results between operative and nonoperative treatment...

..Results from randomized trials reporting long-term outcomes such as cancer recurrence (local and metastatic) and 5-year survival are eagerly awaited...

..To evaluate the safety and efficacy of preoperative radiotherapy (RT) in combination with cetuximab, capecitabine, and irinotecan in patients with locally advanced rectal cancer...

..This article summarizes the consensus about imaging and radiotherapy of rectal cancer and gives an update until May 2010...

..Bladder and sexual dysfunction are recognized complications of mesorectal resection. Their incidence following laparoscopic surgery is unknown...

..To identify a biomarker profile associated with tumor response to chemoradiation (CRT) in locally advanced rectal cancer...

..Here we present a concise review on the evaluation and management of locally recurrent rectal cancer, which despite marked reductions in the rate of recurrent rectal cancer remains an important problem...

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..To analyze, retrospectively in a population-based study, the management and survival of patients with recurrent rectal cancer initially treated with a macroscopically radical resection obtained with total mesorectal excision (TME)...

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..Risk factors for anastomotic leakage after preoperative chemoradiation plus low anterior resection and total mesorectal excision remain uncertain...

..In the present study, the relation between histological response to CRT and immunohistochemical markers in biopsy specimens was investigated...

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..To investigate the predictive value of Ki67 and p53 and their correlation with thymidylate synthase (TS) gene expression in a rectal cancer patient cohort treated according to a standardized recommended neoadjuvant treatment regimen...

..The aim of the study was to evaluate tolerance and efficacy of preoperative treatment with capecitabine in combination with radiation therapy (RT) in patients with locally advanced, resectable, rectal cancer...

..This study assessed the outcome of LRRC patients treated with multimodality treatment, consisting of neoadjuvant radio (chemo-) therapy, extended resection, and intraoperative radiotherapy...

..The benefit of elective primary tumor resection for non-curable stage IV colorectal cancer (CRC) remains largely undefined. We wanted to identify risk factors for postoperative complications and short survival...

..Studies on larger series are required to confirm these results...

..Neoadjuvant therapy is increasingly used in rectal cancer and MRI is used to stage response and occasionally plan surgery. We aim to assess the staging accuracy of MRI following chemoradiotherapy in rectal cancer...

..Since the 1990s, treatment of patients with rectal cancer has changed in the Netherlands. Aim of this study was to describe these changes in treatment over time and to evaluate their effects on survival...

..The purpose of this study is to determine the accuracy of staging with magnetic resonance imaging and to define any factors that interfere in interpretation of images obtained after preoperative chemoradiation therapy...

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..Moreover, intra-tumoural TS- and TP-gene expression in surgical rectal specimens after neo-adjuvant chemoradiotherapy correlates significantly with histopathological tumour regression when microdissection is applied...

..01). CONCLUSION: Intestinal obstruction and ileus are more common after loop ileostomy than loop colostomy. Loop transverse colostomy should be recommended as the preferred method of proximal faecal diversion...

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..5 days) make this technique a reliable and in some cases more effective surgical approach than laparotomy and low anterior resection...

..To investigate the correlation of expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (Ki67) with sensitivity to neoadjuvant chemoradiation in rectal adenocarcinoma...

..This study evaluated radiation therapy related microvascular changes in locally advanced rectal cancer by DCE-MRI and histology...

..To investigate whether symptom burden before and during preoperative chemoradiation therapy (CRT) for rectal cancer predicts for pathologic tumor response...

..To describe our experience with a bolus injection of 5-fluorouracil and leucovorin (FL) vs. capecitabine in terms of radiologic and pathologic findings in preoperative chemoradiotherapy (CRT) for locally advanced rectal cancer...

..This study evaluated the disparity in neoplastic changes between colon and rectal cancers...

..The aim of this report is to find out whether large doses per fraction of short-course schedule result in more severe anorectal and sexual dysfunction and quality of life (QoL) impairment...

..CONCLUSION: A refinement of the surgical resection technique for rectal cancer can be achieved on a national level, the technique of total mesorectal excision can be widely distributed, and surgery alone can give good results...

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..Thymidylate synthase expression assessed immunohistochemically from pretreatment tumour biopsies may be a useful predictive marker of rectal tumour response to preoperative RCT...

..Here we evaluate the effect of radiotherapy on local recurrence rates in patients with different CRM involvements...

..However, the contributions of surgery and radiotherapy to outcomes are unclear. We assessed the effect of the involvement of the circumferential resection margin and the plane of surgery achieved...

..The aim of the present article was to propose a definition and severity grading of anastomotic leakage after anterior rectal resection...

..This systematic review was designed to determine postoperative complication rates of radical surgery for rectal cancer (abdominal perineal resection and anterior resection)...

..The objective of this prospective study was to determine the effects of chemoradiation on mesorectal lymph node retrieval under terms of a meticulous histopathological evaluation...

..To analyze results of multimodality treatment in relation to subsite of locally recurrent rectal cancer (LRRC)...

..The aim of this study is to examine the effects of the structural changes in rectal cancer care on survival compared to colon cancer for patients treated before, during and after the TME trial...

..We evaluated recent trends in colorectal cancer incidence in the United States by subsite and stage at diagnosis...

..The impact of conversion to open surgery on outcomes has not been fully elucidated. The aim of the study is to compare short- and long-term outcomes of converted (CR) and not converted (NCR) patients undergoing LRR...

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..To compare, in a randomized trial, 5-fluorouracil (FU) plus leucovorin (LV) (FU+LV) vs. oral uracil and tegafur (UFT) plus LV (UFT+LV) given concomitantly with preoperative irradiation in patients with cT3-4 or N+ rectal cancer...

..Neoadjuvant chemoradiation with continuous infusion (CI) of 5-fluorouracil (5FU) is widely used in rectal cancer. The aim of this study was to evaluate the use of oral tegafur-uracil (UFT) and leucovorin (LV) instead of CI 5FU...

..The ultimate judgment regarding the propriety of any specific procedure must be made by the physician in light of all of the circumstances presented by the individual patient...

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..This study was designed to investigate the predictive value of a new combination of three gene polymorphisms: thymidylate synthase, epidermal growth factor receptor Sp1-216, and epidermal growth factor A61G...

..To investigate the factors affecting the result and selection of local excision for low rectal cancer...

..Identification of polymorphisms or haplotypes that are relevant to colorectal cancer will advance our understanding of etiology, may lead to specific health recommendations, and can identify targets for drug therapy. ..

..C-peptide, glycosylated hemoglobin, IGF-1, and IGFBP3 will be evaluated with respect to breast and endometrial cancer in a subset of women. ..

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..The contrast between high and low risk populations will enhance this effort in a cost-efficient manner. Results could identify potential targets for drug therapy. ..

..Identification of polymorphisms or haplotypes that are relevant to colorectal cancer will advance our understanding of etiology, may lead to specific health recommendations, and can identify targets for drug therapy. ..

..e. p53, K-ras, and microsatellite instability). Differences in colon and rectal tumors will be compared. Additionally data from rectal tumors will be combined with that from colon tumors to define disease pathways. ..

..The contrast between high and low risk populations will enhance this effort in a cost-efficient manner. Results could identify potential targets for drug therapy. ..

..The AIAN cohort will serve as a resource to enhance research and training activities of AIAN students interested in health research, health education, and general public health. ..

..This study builds on a unique existing resource to study genetic and environmental associations with colorectal cancer. It will provide insight into colon cancer etiology and therefore avenues to disease prevention. ..

..We also will store DNA frpom tumor tissue so that as laboratory techniques for analyzing somatic gene mutations necome refined, the associations between dietary intake and other genes, such as APC and DCC, can be assessed in the future. ..

..Methods have been developed to ensure coordination of study activities...

..Based on past experience, these faculty will be located both within and outside the University of Washington. ..

..This information will help develop molecular assays to diagnose pathologic complete response in transrectal biopsies of the tumor bed before removing the rectum. ..

..In addition, the methods developed will be applicable to a broad range of interventions for cancer and other diseases, providing a framework for future comparative effectiveness studies and ultimately changes in treatment guidelines. ..

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..The long-term goal of our research is to apply drugs that target tumor but not normal tissue in addition to radiation to improve the effectiveness of radiation on rectal cancer. ..

..If successful, this program can easily be adapted for use by primary care practices and clinics to improve CRC screening. ..

..Significance: The study results have the potential to significantly improve the accurate diagnosis of biliary strictures. Earlier and more definitive diagnosis will translate into improved treatment options. ..

..The results will introduce novel, more accurate diagnostic tests and also identify new therapeutic targets to improve the outcome of this often devastating disease. ..

..Using MBO as a model, a consensus will be attained for methodological approaches and the implementation of palliative care research. ..

..The final step will be to convene provider investigators to make recommendations for future interventions and dissemination methods based upon study findings. ..

..This study will advance understanding the genetic risk factors for breast cancer in women of African descent and will be invaluable in developing novel prevention strategies in the future. ..

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