dog diseases

..CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Although pneumoperitoneum is most often attributable to perforation of a hollow viscus, other causes do exist. Early exploration is recommended for diagnosis and treatment of the underlying condition...

..Protection against sand fly bites by topical insecticides is effective in reducing infection, and recent development of vaccines has indicated that prevention by vaccination is feasible...

..Due to the current lack of an ultimate and effective therapy for canine leishmaniosis, new drugs, delivery systems and treatment strategies are necessary to achieve a consistent parasitological cure in infected dogs...

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..The results demonstrate that ImPer preventive treatment against arthropods protects autochthonous and naïve beagle dogs against CVBD-causing pathogens...

..A strategy best adapted for prevalence surveys might combine serology and highly sensitive PCR on peripheral blood...

..The association between clinical status, Ig profile and the tissue parasitism support a novel investigation on the impact of humoral immune response and susceptibility/resistance mechanism during ongoing CVL...

..On the other hand, companion dogs were significantly less likely to acquire the disease than sheep dogs, hunting dogs, and those from kennels...

..Currently, drug effect is assessed by observing motility or development of parasites using laborious, subjective, low-throughput methods...

..This information should be taken into account when planning control programmes against this tick species and the pathogens it transmits...

..Given the clinical heterogeneity within this condition and the likelihood that the relative genetic effect sizes are small, greater sample sizes and further studies will be required...

..These data confirm that a potentially significant reservoir of infected dogs is resident in areas where future climatic conditions may support introduction of competent vectors...

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..These data support the notion that L. chagasi may be sexually transmitted from naturally infected dogs to susceptible bitches in the absence of the biological insect vector...

..Further studies designed to explain this trend should attempt to correlate sand fly densities and CanL seroprevalences with climate, land use and human changes...

..0% (day 1), 46.2% (day 8), 42.6% (day 15), 35.2% (day 22) and 29.3% (day 29). The study demonstrated the high repellent potential of the imidacloprid / permethrin combination, thus protecting dogs from sand fly bites...

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..In this paper we review the advantages and shortcomings of the available procedures for CanL diagnosis in the different phases, e.g. pre-patent and patent period of the infection and methods to determine the related immune response...

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..Evaluation of articles on repellent measures against sand fly vectors of leishmaniasis provided good evidence for recommending deltamethrin collars and fair evidence for recommending spot-on permethrin...

..This result underlines the futility and danger of repeated antimonial treatments of dogs with signs of leishmaniasis, as these may produce a permanent reservoir of parasites unsusceptible to the drugs in human clinical use...

..The results showed that the majority of dogs living in an area where canine leishmaniasis is endemic are infected by Leishmania and that the prevalence of infection is much greater than the prevalence of overt Leishmania-related disease...

..Such studies are essential to determine the basis of the canine protective immune response and to establish a laboratory model, a significant aspect for the development of vaccines against canine leishmaniasis...

..The lower infectivity rates of dogs displaying any of the last two clinical forms of leishmaniasis, however, must be taken into account in the epidemiology of CVL...

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..Transmission of Leishmania spp. in kennel outbreaks may involve exposure to an insect vector, direct transmission, or vertical transmission...

..Laboratory and field studies have shown improved efficacy of these preparations for both individual and mass protection...

..7%) in the vaccine group. Our results disclosed that the Leishmune vaccine is a TBV, and that the dog antibodies present in sera, even 12 months after vaccination, lead to a significant effective protection of 79.3%...

..Some dogs from both the 'asymptomatic' and 'symptomatic' groups became infective to sandflies several months post-treatment...

..Clinicopathologic characterization establishes affected animals as a model for Lafora disease, the most severe teenage-onset human epilepsy...

..Northern continental Italy is now focally endemic for VL and a moderate risk for human disease does exist, although the intensity of transmission seems to be lower than in traditional settings of Mediterranean VL...

..One genotype (the 4 chicken isolates) belongs to the clonal Type III lineage, three genotypes were reported in previous reports, and 1 genotype is unique...

..Reduced expression of PTEN might be involved in carcinogenesis and progression of canine breast cancer by up-regulating the VEGF expression to enhance angiogenesis...

..046). Our findings suggest that dogs may facilitate the transfer of fleas into the home and that activities with close extended contacts with dogs may increase the risk of plague infection...

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..Dogs are the most common pet animals worldwide. They may harbour a wide range of parasites with zoonotic potential, thus causing a health risk to humans. In Nigeria, epidemiological knowledge on these parasites is limited...

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..Our case illustrates the possibility of transmission of antibiotic-resistant bacteria causing infection from pets to humans...

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..We identified a novel calicivirus in a pup with enteritis. The isolate was related genetically (90.1% aa identity in the capsid protein) to a lion norovirus strain...

..Young and small sized dogs were significantly less involved than large animals and over 3 years of age. The results indicate that thelaziosis is endemic in that area...

..Owners do not appear to be at great risk of zoonotic transfer of organisms or antimicrobial resistance genes from dogs with MRSP infections, but the findings should be confirmed with a much larger cohort...

..A study on the epidemiology of VL in this area was carried out in 2007-2008 in the villages of Chodak, Oltinkan, Gulistan and Chorkesar located at elevations of 900-1200 above sea level...

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..Miltefosine, in combination with allopurinol, offers a safe, convenient and effective alternative treatment option for canine leishmaniosis compared to the reference therapy...

..6%. The results underline the importance of using PCR and xenodiagnosis for the detection of Leishmania sp. And for the evaluation of infectivity of dogs in endemic areas, especially those that are asymptomatic...

..These factors probably cause most real and perceived product failures...

..The objective of this study was to identify genomic regions associated with the expression of generalized seizures in the Belgian Tervuren and Sheepdog...

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..Allergen-specific immunotherapy should be offered, whenever feasible, in an attempt to prevent recurrence of clinical signs upon further exposure to environmental allergens to which the patient is hypersensitive...

..736_737insC mutation; whereas, 127 unrelated Dachshunds were homozygous for the wild-type allele. This is the first reported instance of canine NCL caused by a mutation in PPT1...

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..The purpose of this report is to discuss the clinical signs, epidemiology, diagnosis, control, and treatment of canine leishmaniasis with focus on the aspects of this disease within North America...

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..05%. These results highlight the need to provide effective canine vaccination strategies and raise public health awareness...

..Beyond a time-frame of 7 years, it appears to be more cost-effective to combine parenteral dog-vaccination campaigns with human PEP compared to human PEP alone...

..Together these findings indicate a high frequency of transplacental transmission and no differences in the potential of transmission when symptomatic were compared to asymptomatic pregnant bitches...

..Several T. gondii cysts were detected in the brains of four offspring. These results suggest that T. gondii can be sexually transmitted in domestic dogs...

..In conclusion, asymptomatic infected dogs as well as symptomatic ones can harbor L. infantum in their blood and skins which are virulent and infectious for inoculated golden hamster...

..This review discusses the crucial aspects involved in the diagnosis, treatment, prevention and control of CVBDs of zoonotic concern...

..Furthermore, 50% of positive dogs were asymptomatic. Preventive measures must be taken against these dogs as for symptomatic ones since their role in the transmission of the infection to vectors has been proven...

..Additionally, qPCR is effective in quantifying Leishmania DNA load in clinical samples...

..In 22 cases, the relevant lesion was diagnosed only histologically whereas the cytological picture revealed another, usually secondary tissue reaction. Cytologically incorrect diagnoses were formulated in 14 cases...

..The cause and source of infection in dogs and cats often are unknown. Management of these cases can be challenging, because controversy exists over the best method for treatment. Reported outcomes and recurrence rates vary widely...

..In three cases, transient bleeding was observed during alcoholization, and the procedure was interrupted. Blood pressure normalized in the four dogs with renal cysts, but it remained elevated in the four cats...

..The mean age of uroliths appearance was 7.3 years in the dogs and 7.2 years in the cats. The findings are similar to those previously published in the USA...

..To determine indications for cystostomy tube use in dogs and cats, complications associated with their use, and outcome of dogs and cats in which cystostomy tubes had been inserted...

..Of the various types of pathology encountered in the study, gastrointestinal ulceration or perforation was the most likely lesion to be missed by ultrasonography...

..The purpose of this paper is to describe the indications for lateral thoracotomy in dogs and cats and the associated outcomes and complications...

..Surgical removal of the affected and normal testes is the treatment of choice. The surgical approach and technique used depend on the location of the retained testis...

..The stapled anastomosis has good success when properly applied, and the incidences of stricture formation, leakage, and other potential complications can be kept to a minimum...

..To provide long-term follow-up information for a series of dogs and cats with invasive and noninvasive thymomas treated by excision alone...

..To report clinical features associated with iatrogenic peripheral nerve injury in dogs and cats admitted (1997-2006) to a referral teaching hospital...

..Development of a fluid therapy plan to correct life-threatening abnormalities and patient monitoring during treatment play an important role in patient outcome...

..To determine clinical characteristics, treatments, and outcome in dogs and cats evaluated after submersion in freshwater...

..Sixteen dogs and two cats survived to their 2-week reevaluation. The most common cause of death was euthanasia (n=9) secondary to neoplasia (n=4), peritonitis (n=3), or respiratory arrest (n=2)...

..Other congenital heart defects were present in seven dogs. In all animals, the aneurysm was an incidental finding observed during echocardiographic examination, and it did not appear to directly cause any cardiac dysfunction...

..To determine the accuracy of cytologic diagnosis, compared with histologic diagnosis, in determination of disease in ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspirates of splenic lesions...

..This technique provides a less invasive alternative to thoracotomy for evaluating the etiology of pleural effusion...

..These findings were consistent with the limited reports from on poison center regarding animal poisonings...

..Benign lesions associated with target lesions were nodular hyperplasia of the liver and spleen, pyogranulomatous hepatitis, cirrhosis, and chronic active hepatitis...

..8 per cent, a specificity of 100 per cent, a predictive value of a positive test of 100 per cent and a predictive value of a negative test of 56.3 per cent...

..Last, the prognosis of RAVM was worsened by atrial fibrillation and right-sided heart failure...

..This suggests that diagnostic methods employed lacked sensitivity in identifying early perforating lesions, and that dramatic signs of acute abdomen following gastroduodenal perforation may not be as common as was previously thought...

..To examine and evaluate clinical indications and postoperative outcome in a series of small animal patients in which corneal disease was managed by the application of butyl 2-cyanoacrylate adhesive...

..For the dilation procedure, the endoscope tip or a balloon catheter was used and the outcome was generally considered to be good. The endoscope tip was an adequate instrument for dilation in some cases...

..Results of our study support the conclusion that this relatively new product is an effective alternative to traditional implantation materials utilized in veterinary ophthalmology...

..Radiation therapy appears to be useful in the management of invasive thymomas in dogs and cats...

..Even when appropriate treatment is instituted, the shortterm prognosis is only fair...

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..To report outcomes after cellophane banding of single congenital portosystemic shunts in dogs and cats...

..Although individuals with high postligation VAS scores were more likely to achieve full shunt attenuation at surgery, there was no quantifiable relationship between IOMP findings and the degree of shunt attenuation achieved...

..Results are compared with those in the literature. Practical guidelines for foreign body removal in specific cases are described, focusing on therapy and prognosis...

..In particular, dogs with 2 or more of the following risk factors are predicted to be at high risk for developing anastomotic leakage: preoperative peritonitis, intestinal foreign body, and serum albumin concentration < or = 2.5 g/dL...

..Of five animals with resolution of infection, three did not receive specific antifungal treatment. The authors conclude that correction of predisposing conditions is likely critical for management of Candida spp. urinary tract infection...

..No animal in this study had paired bile acid samples within the reference range postoperatively, indicating continued abnormal liver function after surgery...

..Success appears to depend on client understanding and compliance and the reasonable expectation that OCD cannot be cured, but can be well controlled...

..CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Time under anesthesia and duration of surgery should be minimized to reduce the risk of wound infection in clean-contaminated surgical procedures...

..In the remaining 10 patients, a focal area of gastric/intestinal ulceration or transmural necrosis with perforation was identified without evidence of an underlying cause...

..Aortic and cardiac mineralization should be recognized as an incidental, non-significant finding in dogs of advanced age and differentiated from pleural and pulmonary structures...

..causing disease in people and, ultimately, a more robust understanding of the role of B. lonestari as a human pathogen. Improved diagnosis of human B. lonestari infection should result. ..

..S., enhancing public health efforts in those areas where people are risk of infection; reduction in human disease from these pathogens should result. ..

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..g., graduate students and postdoctoral fellow). There are ample opportunities to attend seminars, journal clubs and work-in-progress research meetings during which the applicant can become engaged in scientific discussions. ..

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..Does the research address a current and compelling problem of antimicrobial resistance that is of high public health importance and for which research is needed? [yes]. ..

..At the end of this grant period, we will have identified the gene causing this disorder and the step in the testis pathway that is altered by the mutation in timing, quantity, or location of gene expression. ..

..Results of these efforts are expected to open a window onto a new aspect of nutrient absorption and membrane receptor biology. ..

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..Characterization of these genetic loci will help to improve the definition of molecular risk and prognosis of human and canine brain tumors, with a potentially major impact on human health. ..

..We propose that Man's best friend will provide the keys to unlocking some of nature's most intriguing puzzles about cancer. ..

..We propose that Man's best friend will provide the keys to unlocking some of nature's most intriguing puzzles about cancer. ..

..The elucidation of a novel gene function should provide new avenues of investigation for the treatment of the human condition. ..

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..Initial candidate genes will be those implicated in human SMA, but otherwise a comparative positional-candidate gene approach will be taken. ..

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..This is particularly important when planning vaccine strategies for endemic areas, where vaccines are likely to already harbor a malaria infection which could alter the way their immune system handles antigen. ..

..Such characterists will make these recombinant RV vaccines particularly suitable for post-exposure treatment. ..

..Our results may also lead to insights into the role(s) that alpha-actinin genotypes may play in modulating and/or causing human neuromuscular disease. ..

..These experiments will also increase our understanding of alpha-actinin function and identify new interactions with existing and novel muscle proteins at the Z-line and elsewhere. ..

..It will also lay the foundation for gene transfer therapy of other glomerular iseases. ..

..Cancer and inflammation are certainly environmentally relevant problems and thus this project will provide new clues to aid in the understanding of how these drugs alter tumor development. ..

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..The molecular aspects may provide information that will be useful in future efforts to devise diagnostic tests. ..

..If the further attenuated rabies viruses no longer causes diseases in animals at any age and by any route of inoculation, yet remain immunoqenic, they can be developed as modified live rabies vaccines for humans and animals. ..

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..Broadening the user base will help make the cost per user of maintaining the instrument as low as possible. ..

..Success in this project will enable accurate diagnostic and prognostic testing for all NM patients as well as shed new light on the structure and functions of normal and abnormal Z lines and thin filaments in skeletal muscle. ..

..Our results may also lead to insights into the role(s) that alpha-actinin genotypes may play in modulating and/or causing human neuromuscular disease. ..

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..granulosus infection by vaccination with the recombinant proteins. We will test humoral and cellular responses generated during vaccination to determine possible correlations of the immune parameters with protection. ..