double blind method

..CONCLUSIONS: TGB was significantly better than placebo in terms of seizure rate reduction and was generally well-tolerated in patients with difficult to control seizures...

....

..The neuropeptide oxytocin plays a central role in social approach behavior in nonhuman mammals...

..Addition of salmeterol/tiotropium to half the dose of fluticasone afforded small, but significant improvements in pulmonary function. These effects were not associated with commensurate changes in subjective symptoms or quality of life...

..During the posttreatment phase, patients on pantoprazole had a significantly lower risk to relapse and experienced significantly fewer symptom episodes...

..Long-acting beta-agonists and inhaled corticosteroids are used to treat chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), but their effect on survival is unknown...

..To compare the efficacy and safety of adalimumab plus methotrexate (MTX) versus MTX monotherapy or adalimumab monotherapy in patients with early, aggressive rheumatoid arthritis (RA) who had not previously received MTX treatment...

..Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is characterized by an accelerated decline in lung function. No drug has been shown conclusively to reduce this decline...

..9 would have to receive metformin. CONCLUSIONS: Lifestyle changes and treatment with metformin both reduced the incidence of diabetes in persons at high risk. The lifestyle intervention was more effective than metformin...

....

..5 g/dL, in the direction of lower hemoglobin in the children who received AMA1-C1, although these differences were not significant after correction for multiple tests. These differences were not seen in the second year of transmission...

..We evaluated the efficacy of RTS,S given with a more immunogenic adjuvant system (AS01E) in children 5 to 17 months of age, a target population for vaccine licensure...

..However, no published evidence exists that antidepressant drugs are safe or efficacious in patients with unstable ischemic heart disease...

..We assessed the effect on atopic disease of Lactobacillus GG (which is safe at an early age and effective in treatment of allergic inflammation and food allergy)...

..A phase 3 trial was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of a prophylactic quadrivalent vaccine in preventing anogenital diseases associated with human papillomavirus (HPV) types 6, 11, 16, and 18...

..We aimed to establish whether selective blocking of angiotensin II improves LVH beyond reducing blood pressure and, consequently, reduces cardiovascular morbidity and death...

..These findings may help to develop deeper insights into mental disorders such as social phobia and autism, which are characterized by persistent fear or avoidance of social interactions...

....

..To compare the efficacy, safety, and tolerability of once-daily administration of modified-release methylphenidate (MPH MR) with placebo in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)...

..Accordingly, the double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized German Multicenter EPO Stroke Trial (Phase II/III; ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT00604630) was designed to evaluate efficacy and safety of EPO in stroke...

..We compared a first-generation antipsychotic, perphenazine, with several newer drugs in a double-blind study...

....

..This trial evaluated the safety and effectiveness of 6% cellulose sulfate vaginal gel in preventing male-to-female vaginal transmission of HIV, gonorrhea and chlamydial infection...

..We aimed to assess combination treatment with etanercept and methotrexate versus the monotherapies in patients with rheumatoid arthritis...

..HRQL results will be presented elsewhere. Here, psychoeducation as well as efficacy and safety of the treatment are described...

..Given the fact that patient response to serotonin agonists is individualised, and selecting an effective agent may involve trial and error, frovatriptan is a welcome alternative in the acute management of migraine...

..Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive, fatal lung disease lacking effective treatment...

..To compare the clinical characteristics of menstrually related migraines (MRMs) and nonmenstrually related migraines (nonMRMs) and to investigate the efficacy of almotriptan in the treatment of these migraine subtypes...

..In an unplanned analysis, vaccinated patients appeared to have superior clinical outcomes to those treated with placebo or protein alone. The vaccine is safe and highly potent immunologically...

..However, the benefit of statins in such patients receiving hemodialysis, who are at high risk for cardiovascular disease and death, has not been examined...

..We assessed the role of an angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitor, ramipril, in patients who were at high risk for cardiovascular events but who did not have left ventricular dysfunction or heart failure...

..Studies in experimental models and preliminary clinical experience suggested a possible therapeutic role for the soluble tumor necrosis factor antagonist etanercept in heart failure...

..The aim of this randomised placebo controlled study was to determine if Lactobacillus GG, given by mouth for one year, could prevent Crohn's recurrent lesions after surgery or to reduce their severity...

..05). This is the first use of the novel adjuvant CPG 7909 in a malaria-exposed population...

..Adalimumab induced clinical remission after four weeks in patients with active Crohn's disease in the CLASSIC I trial...

..These findings also suggest that variations in the CRHR1 gene may affect response to CRHR1 agonists or antagonists. All data are deposited in www.pharmgkb.org...

..To measure the efficacy and safety of diclofenac sodium gel in patients with primary hand osteoarthritis (OA)...

..aureus surgical-site infections overall, but it did significantly decrease the rate of all nosocomial S. aureus infections among the patients who were S. aureus carriers...

..5%) is sufficiently bioavailable and retains substantial antiviral activity after intravaginal application. This strategy provides a mechanism for testing the efficacy of a microbicide before embarking on large-scale clinical trials...

..vivax malaria-endemic areas, although local endemicity and species-specific prevalence should be considered carefully when designing any supplementation program involving iron in a malaria-endemic area...

..Furthermore, greater improvement occurs in the first 2 treatment weeks than in the subsequent 2 treatment weeks. Proposed mechanisms of action of antipsychotic drugs need to account for this early-onset antipsychotic effect...

..IC should be used in conjunction with FEV(1) when evaluating therapeutic responses in COPD...

....

..Cortisol treatment did not reduce general, phobia-unrelated anxiety. In conclusion, the present findings in two distinct types of phobias indicate that glucocorticoid administration reduces phobic fear...

..Furthermore, the finding highlights the importance of central 5-HT in resilience to adversity and may have implications for a variety of neuropsychiatric disorders including depression and anxiety...

..The high cure rates with the two six-dose regimens resulted from increased AUC and increased time at which lumefantrine concentrations were above the in vivo MIC...

....

..Observational studies have reported associations between circulating total homocysteine concentration and risk of cardiovascular disease. Oral administration of folic acid and vitamin B(12) can lower plasma total homocysteine levels...

..The degree of postoperative pain is usually moderate to severe following knee arthroplasty. We investigated the efficacy of local administration of analgesics into the operating area, both intraoperatively and postoperatively...

..To examine the impact of antenatal supplementation with multiple micronutrients or iron and folic acid compared with folic acid alone on birth weight, duration of gestation, and maternal haemoglobin concentration in the third trimester...

..Statistical modelling showed the beneficial effect of fluticasone propionate on deterioration in health status to be largely due to its effect on exacerbation frequency...

..We wanted to study the effects of amphetamine on symptoms of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) over a longer period than has been reported in previous studies of central stimulants in this condition...

..Comfort and lack of pain are important for optimal mobilization after hip replacement. We investigated the efficacy of double wound infiltration...

..We assessed the effects of annual infusions of zoledronic acid on fracture risk during a 3-year period...

..This phase II study evaluated the efficacy and safety of sorafenib plus dacarbazine in patients with advanced melanoma...

..We assessed the effect of maternal supplementation with MMN, compared with IFA, on fetal loss and infant death in the setting of routine prenatal care services...

..3 mm Hg). All drugs were well tolerated. The authors conclude that olmesartan, at its starting dose, is more effective than the starting doses of the other ARBs tested in reducing cuff DBP in patients with essential hypertension...

..To determine whether testing for DNA of oncogenic human papillomaviruses (HPV) is superior to the Papanicolaou (Pap) test for cervical-cancer screening, we conducted a randomized trial comparing the two methods...

..01). In conclusion, our results suggest that there is currently no justification for the use of chloroquine to treat acute chikungunya infections...

..039). CONCLUSIONS: Addition of glimepiride to metformin in Type 2 diabetic patients inadequately controlled by metformin alone resulted in superior glycaemic control compared with glimepiride or metformin monotherapy...

..Individual differences in PFC dopamine receptor concentration may thus underlie the behavioral effects of dopamine stimulation on working memory function...

....

..Studies in humans of cognitive effects of dopaminergic drugs have largely focused on tasks of working memory, with a few studies also examining executive function...

..Shifts in extracellular ionic concentration in frontocortical tissue (expressed as negative DC potentials during SWS) may facilitate sleep-dependent consolidation of declarative memories...

....

..To evaluate the effects of phenylalanine (Phe)-free essential amino acid (AA) tablets enriched in tyrosine and tryptophan on the performance of intellectually disabled adult patients with untreated phenylketonuria (PKU)...

..To analyse comparatively the efficacy and tolerance of latanoprost, travoprost and the fixed combination timolol-dorzolamide in the treatment of primary open angle glaucoma and ocular hypertension...

..We assessed the efficacy and safety of D-serine adjuvant treatment for Occidental schizophrenia patients treated with newer atypical antipsychotics...

..SIGNIFICANCE: A novel microsphere formulation of azithromycin given as a single dose was safe and effective for the treatment of ABS...

..Further study on the dose-titration is mandatory in terms of safety and especially for maximizing renoprotection in this patient population...

..Pain severity decreased by 66% with gabapentin compared to 33% with placebo. Reductions in allodynia area and severity, and overall pain relief, were also greater with gabapentin...

....

..However, its duration of action has not been thoroughly investigated. Practical knowledge of the time window available for sexual intercourse would be valuable for couples planning sexual activity...

..Zanamivir had an acceptable safety profile in elderly, high-risk LTCF residents and was not associated with the emergence of resistant strains...

..Central pain in multiple sclerosis (MS) is common and often refractory to treatment...

..007) and outside (79% vs. 31%, p<0.001) the menstrual period. Sumatriptan was generally well tolerated. Oral sumatriptan (100 mg) is an effective and well tolerated acute treatment for patients who report menstrually related migraine...

..CONCLUSIONS: Adjunctive LEV therapy, <or=1,000 mg twice daily, was significantly more effective than placebo and was generally well tolerated in Taiwanese adults with treatment-resistant partial-onset seizures...

..SABA and combination SABA/Ipratropium bromide are equally safe and efficacious as rescue inhalers for patients on combination Fluticasone 500 microg/Salmeterol 50 microg...

..9 mm Hg; 95% confidence of interval, -3.3-1.5). In conclusion, ruboxistaurin does not potentiate the acute BP-lowering effects of GTN...

..We investigated the effect of the combination of the doxazosin gastrointestinal therapeutic system and 10 mg vardenafil on the hemodynamic status of patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia and erectile dysfunction...

..We evaluated age and coronary heart disease (CHD) as potential moderators of the effects of 17beta-estradiol on vascular endothelial function in postmenopausal women...

..Whether progestin antagonism is responsible for these negative results or the natural estrogen 17ss-estradial (E2) itself is not effective in the coronary circulation is unknown...

..Vildagliptin is a dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP-4) inhibitor currently under development for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus...

..Treatment response was defined as a 30% reduction in pain severity, although some analyses were repeated using alternative response criteria (50% reduction, or 2-point reduction, in pain severity)...

..To assess the effectiveness of duloxetine, compared with placebo, on patient-reported health outcomes over a 12-week period, in the management of diabetic peripheral neuropathic pain (DPNP)...

..We aimed to compare the analgesic effectiveness and incidence of adverse side effects of oral DEX with placebo (P)...

..Fentanyl is a potent opioid that is well absorbed via the oral mucosa. It can be given as an oral lozenge. The onset of analgesia is rapid and matches the pain profile observed at dressing changes...

..This dose-ranging study evaluated the antihypertensive efficacy and tolerability of aliskiren in patients with mild-to-moderate hypertension...

..To evaluate the efficacy, tolerability, and blood pressure (BP) lowering effect of extended release metoprolol succinate (ER metoprolol) in children 6 to 16 years of age with established hypertension...

..This report studied the efficacy and tolerability of sildenafil citrate in patients with antipsychotic-induced erectile dysfunction...

..To evaluate the efficacy of short-term treatment with sildenafil citrate in men with serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SRI)-associated erectile dysfunction (ED)...

..3) and social functioning (+8 vs. -7), and general health perception (+10 vs. -3). We conclude that treatment with antioxidants may improve quality of life and reduce pain in patients suffering from chronic pancreatitis...

..These results suggest that the apparent "PPI resistance" described in patients with BE may be caused by their profound reflux diathesis rather than by gastric resistance to the antisecretory effects of PPIs...

..Converging lines of evidence suggest the role of the glutamatergic system in the pathophysiology and treatment of mood disorders...

..Preliminary data have suggested phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitor efficacy in men with lower urinary tract symptoms associated with clinical benign prostatic hyperplasia...

....

..CONCLUSIONS: Valsartan increases the resting skin blood flow in T2DM, likely through reduction of PARP activity...

..We investigated the effect of budesonide on symptoms and histology in patients with collagenous colitis in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled multicenter trial...

..Avasimibe may modestly enhance the lipid-reducing effect of atorvastatin by further inhibiting the production of intracellular cholesterol through mechanisms that appear to be compatible in this population...

..4 in the present study compared reasonably well with other studies of PHN, such as topically applied capsaicin (NNT: 5.3-infinity) or systemic treatment with gabapentin (NNT: 3.2-5.0)...

..CONCLUSION: Our results showed no less absorption of MTX for the placebo group compared to the group that took ferrous sulfate. These results do not support the hypothesis that ferrous sulfate interferes with the absorption of oral MTX...

..Brains will be stained with H+E and immunostained for tyrosine hydroxylase and B and T cell markers. Stereologically corrected counts of TH-positive neurons will be determined. ..

..Little research has been done on methods to prevent tooth decay in adults. This study would test how well a lozenge to be taken several times a day works to prevent tooth decay in adults who are prone to tooth decay. ..

..Little research has been done on methods to prevent tooth decay in adults. This study would test how well a lozenge to be taken several times a day works to prevent tooth decay in adults who are prone to tooth decay. ..

..Use of PN with fish oil base emulsion may prevent liver dysfunction resulting generally in better heath outcomes for these children. ..

..Little research has been done on methods to prevent tooth decay in adults. This study would test how well a lozenge to be taken several times a day works to prevent tooth decay in adults who are prone to tooth decay. ..

..The study has considerable public health importance because of the importance of preventing vitamin D deficiency not only in its severe form, rickets, but also in its milder forms. ..

..The study has considerable public health importance because of the importance of preventing vitamin D deficiency not only in its severe form, rickets, but also in its milder forms. ..

..The protocols use novel diagnostic tests to better define the pathophysiology of gastroparesis. These studies will also better define the disease course of patients with gastroparesis. ..

..Little research has been done on methods to prevent tooth decay in adults. This study would test how well a lozenge to be taken several times a day works to prevent tooth decay in adults who are prone to tooth decay. ..

..Little research has been done on methods to prevent tooth decay in adults. This study would test how well a lozenge to be taken several times a day works to prevent tooth decay in adults who are prone to tooth decay. ..

....

..If successful, this research will provide doctors with information about a new way to treat individuals with diabetes who have injuries to their blood vessels, heart and kidneys. ..

..If successful, this research will provide doctors with information about a new way to treat individuals with diabetes who have injuries to their blood vessels, heart and kidneys. ..

..Combining clinical and basic science, this translational research study will have significant impact by addressing this important national healthcare issue. ..

..Aerosolized HA has the potential to become the first effective therapeutic product that alters the degenerative course of emphysema by preserving-and possibly even restoring-lung function. ..